Time-Speed Analysis on The Setup Pack Laboratorium and Workshop Project Using Crashing Method With

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Time-Speed Analysis on The Setup Pack Laboratorium and Workshop Project Using Crashing Method With

Additional Working Hours

Hamonangan Girsang, Fahmi, Novika Candra Fertilia, Dwi Nugroho Raharjo Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta, Indonesia

[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Projects generally have a deadline, which means that the project must be completed before or on time. However, sometimes there are pressing conditions that require the project to be completed earlier than the planned time. In the Paket Penataan laboratorium dan Workshop project, owner wants the work to be completed 1 month earlier than the planned time, because it will be used for surveillance activities. Therefore the authors want to examine the acceleration of work time on this project. The method used to speed up the project duration is the crashing method by adding work hours. The research objective is to speed up the project implementation time by analyzing the extent to which time can be shortened. The step taken is that the researcher first looks for critical path jobs. Furthermore, it is continued by searching for the productivity of the workforce for each work item that is on the critical path, which is then carried out by time crashing by adding work hours. The results of the analysis of additional working hours by performing 4 hours of overtime obtained an acceleration for 22 days so that the total duration of work was 98 days.

Keywords

Acceleration Time, addition of working hours, Critical Path.

1. Introduction

The success of a project can be measured from two things, namely the benefits and the timeliness of completion. Many efforts must be made so that we can achieve what has been planned, including the calculation of the right structural strength, the calculation of an effective and economical time estimate (Cost Budget Plan) and implementation management both regarding time and costs. If any of these efforts does not or does not fulfill it will result in a lack of quality or the final result of the project.

If there is an urgent matter that makes the work time of a project have to be accelerated, then careful time planning is needed so that it gets an effective time without neglecting the job specifications.

In the Paket Penataan laboratorium dan Workshop project, if it is in accordance with the project planning time, it will be completed within 4 months. Meanwhile, on the other hand, the owner will carry out surveillance activities, which require that the structuring work is carried out 1 month earlier, i.e. 3 months.

2. Literatur Review 2.1. Time Accleration

In project implementation, sometimes there are things that cause the completion of the project not according to the set schedule. Therefore, to avoid or fulfill the wishes of the owner, it is necessary to speed up the completion time of work.

Speeding up the project completion time is an attempt to complete the project earlier than the completion time under normal circumstances. (Malifa, 2019)

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117 2.2. Critical Path

The critical path, namely the path that has a series of activity components with the longest total amount of time. The critical path consists of a series of critical activities, starting from the first activity to the last project activity (Siti Masnunah, 2019)

To find a critical path, several methods can be used, ranging from CPM , PDM to applications such as MS.Project. Microsoft Project is also able to help record and monitor the use of resources, both in the form of human resources and in the form of equipment in a number of terms:

TaskTask is a form of worksheet in Microsoft Project that contains the details of a project's work.

Duration is the time required to complete a job.

Start Start is the value of the start date of a job.

Finish In Microsoft Project, the end date of the work is called finish, which will be filled automatically from the calculation of the start date plus the duration of the work.

Predecessor is a relationship between one job and another 2.3. Productivity

Productivity is the ability to produce a product within a specified time. (Rosanti et al., 2016)

Several factors that affect labor productivity consist of several parts, namely: education, skills, health, gender and age. (Idin, 2016). Productivity can be measured using the formula: (Ningrum et al., 2017)

Daily Productivity = Volume ÷ Normal Duration

Productivity / hour = Daily Productivity ÷ Normal Hours of Work 2.4. Crashing Method

The crashing method is an action to reduce the overall project duration of work after identifying existing alternatives from the network. (Ramadan, 2019)

n carrying out a construction project activity, there are various jobs, especially in a building project, this type of activity can reach tens, hundreds or even thousands of activity items. Activities in a project can be accelerated in various ways), namely holding work shifts, extending overtime, more productive tools, increasing the number of workers, using materials that are faster to use and using faster construction methods.

The crashing method by increasing working hours is a method that is done by adding the set time for each day so that the crash duration is obtained. The calculation of crash duration is used to obtain the maximum time limit for an activity to crash (crashability) (Siti Masnunah, 2019) . The calculation of crash duration is carried out with the following formula: (Ningrum et al., 2017)

Productivity

after a crash =

Daily productivity + ( All Overtime × Productivity /hour×%)

Crash

Duration Volume ÷ Productivity after =

In determining the coefficient of decrease in labor productivity, it can be seen in the table of decreasing productivity of overtime work as below

Table 1. Decreased productivity of overtime work Overtime hours

(Clock)

Productivity Index decline

Decrease in work performance

(Hour)

The percentage of decrease in work

performance (%)

Productivity Coefficient

a b C – a-b d E – 100%-d

Ke - 1 0,1 0,1 10 0,9

Ke - 2 0,1 0,2 20 0,8

Ke - 3 0,1 0,3 30 0,7

Ke - 4 0,1 0,4 40 0,6

(sumber : 102/ MEN/ VI/ 2004 pasal 11) 3. Research Methodology

The method used in this research is data collection through observation and literature study. The analytical method used is descriptive quantitative. A quantitative approach is research that focuses on testing hypotheses, the data used must be measurable, and produce generalizable conclusions. This method uses the

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crashing method with the addition of working hours. This analysis method aims to determine the time acceleration in work on the Laboratory and Workshop Arrangement project. The following is the research flow at this writing.

Figure 1. Research Flowchart 4. Results and Analysis

4.1. Analysis Results Determine the Critical Path

In this stage the writer analyzes the activities that are on the critical path using MS Project. Where the authors make a schedule that already exists in the project which then processes the data on MS.project to produce a critical path as shown below.

Figure 2. Determine the Critical Path

START

Identification Of Problem

Literature Study

Data Collection

Primary Data 1. wawancara 2. kuisioner (Supplier & owner

Primary Data 1. wawancara 2. kuisioner (Supplier & owner Expert Validation Stage 1

Data Analysis 1. Data Check 2. Data Klarification

Expert Validation

Conclusion and Suggestions

FINISH Not in

accordance

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4.2. The results of the analysis of the Crashing Job calculation

After knowing the jobs that are on the critical path, then the acceleration analysis can be carried out on the jobs that are on the critical path. Several steps are taken to calculate the acceleration of the duration of work, namely

CALC analysis of labor productivity after crashing

The calculation of productivity analysis after crashing can use the formula

Productivity after a crash =

Daily productivity + (Total Overtime × Productivity / hour ×%)

In this study, the calculation uses ms.excel, so that after the data is entered into the formula above, the productivity after the crash is as follows.

Table 2. Productivity after a Crash N

O Type of work Volume

Produktivitas Crash Addition 1

Produktivitas Crash Addition 4 pekerja tukang Pekerja Tukang Pekerja Tukang Pekerja Tukang 1

Physic Chemical LabVinyl Material

Floor Work M 1,589 3,179 0,833 0,833 0,792 0,792 0,769 0,769

2 Weigh Room Vinyl Floor Work 2,14 1,589 3,179 0,833 0,833 0,792 0,792 0,769 0,769

3 AAS Room Ceiling Paint 12 55,625 17,659 0,833 0,833 0,792 0,792 0,769 0,769

4 AAS Room Wall Paint 45 39,722 26,488 0,833 0,833 0,792 0,792 0,769 0,769

5 AAS Room Vinyl Flooring Works 12 1,589 3,179 3,333 3,333 3,168 3,168 3,077 3,077

6 Insstructor Room Ceiling 25 11,125 22,25 3,333 3,333 3,168 3,168 3,077 3,077

7

Instructor Room Ceiling Paint

Ceramic Granite Tile Floor 60x60R 25 55,625 17,659 1,667 1,667 1,584 1,584 1,538 1,538

8 Pipe 15 12,361 12,361 3,333 3,333 3,168 3,168 3,077 3,077

9 Door 1 0,927 0,927 5,833 5,833 5,545 5,545 5,385 5,385

10

Ceiling Expose Multiplex Replace

and Cat + Aluminium Foil 450 2,225 22,25 11,667 11,667 11,089 11,089 10,769 10,769 11

Plambing Workshop Main Room

Wall Paint 410 29,732 39,732 5,833 5,833 5,545 5,545 5,385 5,385

12 Workshop Main Room 345 22,472 1,147 20,833 20,833 19,802 19,802 19,231 19,231

13 Ceiling Paint 15 1,147 17,659 2,500 2,500 2,376 2,376 2,308 2,308

14 Wall Paint 55 39,732 2,697 26,488 42,837 28,371 45,089 46,429 30,952

15

Ceramic Granite Tile Flooring 60x60

Tile Entry 18 12,361 12,361 13,333 13,333 14,028 14,028 14,444 14,444 Calculation of job chrasing duration for work items that are on the critical path

The results of the calculation of productivity after the crash then serve as a basis for knowing the duration of the job crashing. the duration of job crashing can be calculated using a formula

Crash

Duration = Volume ÷ Productivity after

The results of the crashing duration calculation can be seen in the table below.

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Table 3. Chrasing Duration

NO Type of work Volume

Acceleration Duration 1 Hour

Overtime

Overtime pekerja tukang Pekerja Tukang Pekerja Tukang Pekerja Tukang 1

Physic Chemical LabVinyl Material

Floor Work 20,71 0,899 0,899 0,833 0,833 0,792 0,792 0,769 0,769

2 Weigh Room Vinyl Floor Work 2,14 0,899 0,899 0,833 0,833 0,792 0,792 0,769 0,769

3 AAS Room Ceiling Paint 12 0,899 0,899 0,833 0,833 0,792 0,792 0,769 0,769

4 AAS Room Wall Paint 45 0,899 0,899 0,833 0,833 0,792 0,792 0,769 0,769

5 AAS Room Vinyl Flooring Works 12 3,596 3,596 3,333 3,333 3,168 3,168 3,077 3,077

6 Insstructor Room Ceiling 25 3,596 3,596 3,333 3,333 3,168 3,168 3,077 3,077

7

Instructor Room Ceiling Paint

Ceramic Granite Tile Floor 60x60R 25 1,798 1,798 1,667 1,667 1,584 1,584 1,538 1,538

8 Pipe 15 3,596 3,596 3,333 3,333 3,168 3,168 3,077 3,077

9 Door 1 6,292 6,292 5,833 5,833 5,545 5,545 5,385 5,385

10

Ceiling Expose Multiplex Replace

and Cat + Aluminium Foil 450 12,584 12,584 11,667 11,667 11,089 11,089 10,769 10,769 11

Plambing Workshop Main Room

Wall Paint 410 6,292 6,292 5,833 5,833 5,545 5,545 5,385 5,385

12 Workshop Main Room 345 22,472 22,472 20,833 20,833 19,802 19,802 19,231 19,231

13 Ceiling Paint 15 2,697 2,697 2,500 2,500 2,376 2,376 2,308 2,308

14 Wall Paint 55 2,697 2,697 2,500 2,500 2,376 2,376 2,308 2,308

15

Ceramic Granite Tile Flooring

60x60 Tile Entry 18 6,292 6,292 5,833 5,833 5,545 5,545 5,385 5,385

The results of the calculation of the duration of the accelerated overtime hours are used as the duration of the work for scheduling after the acceleration so that we can find the fastest total duration of work

Tabel 4. Total Duration

NO Duration Type Total Time

1 Normal Total Duration 90

2 Total Duration of Time with Acceleration the Addition of 1 Hour of Overtime

85 3 Total Duration of Time with Acceleration the Addition of 2

Hour of Overtime

72

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121 5. Conclution and Sugestion

5.1. Conlution

The critical paths obtained in this study are vinyl material for physics-chemistry lab, vinyl floor work, weighing room, unloading and cleaning work, ceiling paint for AAS room, wall paint for AAS room, vinyl floor work for AAS room, unloading and Pipe Workshop Cleaning, Instructor Room Ceiling, 60x60 R Granite Tile Floor Work . Pipe Workshop Instructor, Instructor Room Ceiling Paint, Table Set and Round Table Seats Dia.

180cm, Doors, plafond exposure, multiplex change and paint + aluminum foil, main room wall paint for pipe workshops, floor work materials exposed cement finishing green epoxy layer (RGB 0, 128, 0) Main workshop room, ceiling paint for pipe workshop hall, wall paint hallway pipe workshop, 60x60 Granite Tile Ceramic Floor Work Entrance and Set Rack / Locker size 400x50x300.

1. From the analysis of this study didaptakan average labor productivity of each additional hour on the job vinyl floor for workers reached 1.74 m ²/ h and artisan of 3.48 m ²/ hr, Work Space Ceiling Cat AAS for workers by 60 , 93 m ²/ hour and mason at 19.34 m ²/ hour, wall painting work for the AAS room for workers of 43.52 m ²/ hour and masons at 29.01 m ²/ hour, ceiling work for workers of 12, 18 m ²/ hour and craftsmen of 24.37 m ²/ hour, 60x60 Granite Tile tile work for workers 13.54 m ²/ hour and masons 13.54 m

2 / hour, door work for workers of 1, 01 m ²/ hour and craftsmen of 1.01 m ²/ hour, the ceiling of exposure, multiplex change and paint + aluminum foil for workers of 2.43 m ²/ hour and craftsmen of 12.18 m ²/ hour, floor work of exposed materials cement finishing green epoxy layer (RGB 0, 128, 0) for workers of 1.25 m ² / hour and craftsmen of 2.51 m ²/ hour.

2. From the accelerated crashing of the Laboratory and Workshop Arrangement Package project, the total overtime duration of 72 calendar days is 18 days earlier than the normal total duration with consideration of adding 4 hours of overtime work.

5.2. Sugesstion 1. Further research

a. This research only analyzes the time in the laboratory and workshop arrangement package project, so this research will be better if the time analysis is carried out on all project work items.

b. The acceleration method used in this research only uses the crashing method with overtime hours. So it would be better if possible to add other crashing methods such as the crashing method with the addition of labor or others, in order to have more comparisons and to know which crashing method is more time- effective and cost-efficient.

2. Contractors

This research may be an option for consideration for the contractor to accelerate the project by using the overtime method for the next project.

To determine the relationship between activities in the project, the linkage is rearranged in the order according to dependency logic based on literature studies or according to the method of implementing work in the field.

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Biographies

Hamonangan Girsang, born in Simalungun, North Sumatra on February 11, 1968, Lecturer at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Mercubuana and also a Construction practitioner, Obtained a Bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering from Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarmasin in 199 4 with the title of his thesis Design of Strategic Concrete Planning as an alternative to the Sei Lulut Bridge Banjarmasin . Then obtained a Master's degree in Civil Engineering Project Management Concentration from the University of Indonesia in the year 20 16 with the title of a risk-based Quality Management System Evaluation thesis to increase customer satisfaction in maintaining the oil and gas production facilities of PT. XYZ . Then the Engineer professional degree was obtained from the Bandung Institute of Technology in 2020. He also teaches several subjects such as Steel Structure , Statics, Fluid & Hydraulics Mechanics and Design Studio . In Construction Practitioners are involved in EPC in planning and project management of Power Plants, Oil & Gas and Mining. He is also active in the professional organization of the Indonesian Engineers Association.

Dwi Nugroho Raharjo , born in Semarang on 12 September 199 6 . He is pursuing a Bachelor's Degree in Civil Engineering Study Program at Mercu Buana University and will graduate in 2021. Graduated from diploma 3 at the Semarang State Polytechnic College in 2017. He has worked as a supervisory consultant and work clairvoyant contractor in 2017-2018 . He is currently working in this journal made the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing. He has been a committee on several seminars on Civil Engineering: International Seminar and Civil Engineering Workshop "Concrete Technology Engineering & Design" in 2019, National Civil Engineering Seminar "Modern Transit-Oriented Development Area Management" in 2019, as well as International Seminars and Engineering Workshops Civilians "Sustainability On Industry And Community:

Impact Of Research And Publication" in 2019.