List of Case Studies in This Study Guide
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OUTLINE
Professional Nursing Practice
Which standardized nursing terminologies specifically relate to the steps of the nursing process (select all that apply). Make sure that the phases of the nursing process correspond to the descriptions (phases may be used multiple times).
Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care
To communicate with a patient who does not speak the dominant language, the nurse must (select all that apply). Identify measures the nurse should use to reduce health care disparities (select all that apply).
Health History and Physical Examination
What is the correct sequence of examination techniques to use when assessing the patient's abdomen. What adaptations to conducting the study would be appropriate for the patient (select all that apply).
Patient and Caregiver Teaching
The nurse is assessing a 48-year-old male patient and his family for learning needs related to the myocardial infarction the patient experienced 2 days ago. Write a learning objective for the patient on potassium-wasting diuretics who does not know which foods are high in potassium.
Chronic Illness and Older Adults
For each of the nursing diagnoses listed, identify at least two normally expected physiological changes associated with aging that may be etiological factors of the diagnosis. Which nursing actions would demonstrate that the nurse understands the concept of providing safe care without the use of restraints (select all that apply).
Stress and Stress Management
Which emotion-focused coping strategies should the nurse encourage him to use to adjust to the physical and emotional stress of his illness (select all that apply). Coping strategies that may be suggested by the nurse during his hospitalization include (select all that apply).
Case Study
Patient-centered care: Describe an approach the nurse might use to assess M.J.'s perception of her situation.
Sleep and Sleep Disorders
Patient-centered care: An older patient asks the nurse why she has so much trouble sleeping. Priority Decision: Based on the assessment data and his upcoming total hip replacement, what should the nurse expect for nursing diagnoses postoperatively.
Pain
By helping the patient cope with the pain, the nurse realizes what this type of pain is. To obtain the patient's participation in pain management, what is most important for the nurse to explain to the patient.
Palliative Care at End of Life
Why was I here in the first place?” What does this comment help the nurse recognize about the patient's needs. Which ones can the nurse cope with with the patient and family (select all relevant ones).
Substance Use Disorders
On what signs of withdrawal delirium does the nurse base this assessment (select all that apply). What is the most important thing the nurse should assess to plan the patient's care?
Inflammation and Wound Healing
What type of dressing would the nurse most likely use for the patient in Question 14. The patient transfers from another facility with the description of a sore on her sacrum deep enough to see the muscle.
Genetics and Genomics
An ethical issue raised with genetic testing is protection of privacy to prevent discrimination. An example of genetic testing required by all states is premarital testing of women for the hemophilia gene. Genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations can identify women who may choose to undergo mastectomy to prevent breast cancer.
Altered Immune Responses and Transplantation
For a patient with allergic rhinitis, which therapy should the nurse expect to be ordered first. Number the following in order of priority for the nurse to perform the actions for this patient. Safety: What precautions does the nurse use during subcutaneous administration of an allergen extract.
Infection and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Place the following events of HIV infection of a cell in order from 1 (first) to 7 (last). Treatment with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and one protease inhibitor (PI) is prescribed for a patient with HIV infection. Whether the patient has high levels of HIV antibodies b. Confirmation that the patient has contracted HIV infection.
Cancer
Avoid telling the patient about the possible side effects of the medication to prevent anticipatory anxiety. The goal of this treatment is only palliative, and the patient must be aware of the expected outcome. Patient-centered care: What should the nurse encourage the patient to do to prevent the debilitating fatigue-depression-fatigue cycle in patients receiving radiation therapy.
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances
What is the normal blood pH range and what base-acid ratio reflects this. What are the characteristics of the carbonic acid–bicarbonate buffer system (select all that apply). Priority Decision: Number the following nursing actions related to the care of a patient's central venous access device (CVAD) in the correct order to complete these actions.
Preoperative Care
The nurse asks a preoperative patient to sign a surgical consent form as specified by the surgeon and then signs the form after the patient does so. When the nurse is preparing to administer a preoperative medication to a patient, the patient tells the nurse that she really doesn't understand what the surgeon is planning. When the nurse asked him to sign the surgical permit, he stated that he was unsure whether to go through with the procedure because he was afraid of being diagnosed with cancer.
Intraoperative Care
At the end of the surgical procedure, the perioperative nurse assesses the patient's response to the nursing care provided during the perioperative period. Because of the rapid elimination of volatile fluids used for general anesthesia, what should the nurse anticipate the patient will need at the beginning of the anesthesia recovery period. The patient asks the nurse, "What is this MAC?" The nurse's response is based on knowledge that MAC.
Postoperative Care
While assessing a patient in the PACU, the nurse notes that the patient's blood pressure is below the preoperative baseline. When assessing anesthesia, the nurse determines that the patient is still experiencing vasodilating effects. Thirty-six hours postoperatively, a patient has a temperature of 37.8° C. What is the most likely cause of this temperature increase.
Assessment of Visual and Auditory Systems
Identify the causes of the following eye assessment findings associated with aging. Identify a specific finding identified by the nurse during assessment of each of the patient's functional health patterns that indicates either a risk factor for vision problems or the patient's response to an eye problem. When the patient has a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, an abnormal evaluation of the eye may be found.
Visual and Auditory Problems
When the patient describes inflammation of the cornea, what does the nurse know it is called. Which nursing action should be included in the management of the patient with otitis externa. While caring for a patient with otosclerosis, the nurse would expect which finding in the patient's history and physical.
Assessment of Integumentary System
Priority decision: What should the nurse do first when performing a physical assessment of the skin. The nurse observes that redness remains after palpation of a discolored lesion on the patient's leg. When assessing an African American patient, the nurse notes the ash color of the nail beds.
Integumentary Problems
The nurse plans care for a patient with a newly diagnosed malignant melanoma based on knowledge that initial treatment may include (select all that apply). To prevent lichenification associated with chronic skin problems, what does the nurse encourage the patient to do. What is the first nursing assessment that would be made before the nurse makes an appointment for the patient with the health care provider to determine treatment.
Burns
Identify the factors that increase nutritional needs of the patient during the emergent and acute phases of burns (select all that apply). The nurse initially suspects the possibility of sepsis in the burn patient based on which change. She asks, "What difference will it make anyway?" What would the nurse encourage the patient to do?
Assessment of Respiratory System
Being aware of the patient's condition, which approach should the nurse use to assess the patient's lungs (select all that apply). What other assessment should the nurse consider before making a judgment about the adequacy of the patient's oxygenation. The nurse prepares the patient for and will assist the health care provider with a.
Upper Respiratory Problems
When obtaining a health history from a patient with possible oral cancer, what would the nurse expect the patient to report. During preoperative teaching for the patient scheduled for a total laryngectomy, what should the nurse include. What is the most normal functioning method of speech restoration for the patient with a total laryngectomy.
Lower Respiratory Problems
The patient asks the nurse what she can do to find out if he develops lung cancer. To determine whether a tension pneumothorax is developing in a patient with chest trauma, what does the nurse assess the patient for. How should the nurse explain the purpose of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) to the patient and family.
Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
What should the nurse teach the patient by preparing the patient to use the equipment. What does the nurse include when planning postural drainage for the patient with COPD. What should the nurse include in teaching the patient with COPD about the need for physical exercise.
Assessment of Hematologic System
What specific information should the nurse ask the patient during the nursing assessment of a patient with anemia? With gentle pressure with the index and middle fingers, the nurse cannot palpate any of the patient's superficial lymph nodes. What is the most important thing the nurse should ask the patient before the test.
Hematologic Problems
When assessing a patient with cobalamin deficiency, what manifestation would the nurse expect to find in the patient. When teaching the discharge of a patient with newly diagnosed sickle cell disease, what should the nurse teach the patient. What characteristics should the nurse have in planning patient care?
Assessment of Cardiovascular System
What is a significant finding in a patient's health history during an assessment of the cardiovascular system. Identify one specific finding identified by the nurse during the assessment of each of the patient's functional health patterns that indicates a risk factor for cardiovascular disease or the patient's response to an actual cardiovascular problem. Indicate whether the following is characteristic of the first heart sound (S1) or the second heart sound (S2).
Hypertension