= 147,496)
Dependent Variable
(# of) Predictor Effect IRR 95% CI
HCCs SVI Theme 1: Socioeconomic Status Effect of SVI Theme 1 on HCCs 1.51 (1.46, 1.56)
SVI Theme 2: Household Composition &
Disability Effect of SVI Theme 2 on HCCs 1.51 (1.45, 1.57)
SVI Theme 3: Minority Status & Language Effect of SVI Theme 3 on HCCs 1.54 (1.46, 1.62)
SVI Theme 4: Housing & Transportation Effect of SVI Theme 4 on HCCs 1.22 (1.16, 1.28)
Hospitalizations SVI Theme 1: Socioeconomic Status Direct effect of SVI Theme 1 on hospitalizations 1.51 (1.35, 1.68)
Effect of HCCs on hospitalizations 1.50 (1.47, 1.52)
Effect of SVI Theme 1 on hospitalizations mediated by HCCs 1.12 (1.03, 1.47) Total effect of SVI Theme 1 on hospitalizations 1.69 (1.46, 2.24)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.22 (0.07, 0.51)
ED Visits Direct effect of SVI Theme 1 on ED visits 2.19 (2.00, 2.40)
Effect of HCCs on ED visits 1.21 (1.19, 1.23)
Effect of SVI Theme 1 on ED visits mediated by HCCs 1.05 (1.01, 1.18)
Total effect of SVI Theme 1 on ED visits 2.31 (2.06, 2.65)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.06 (0.02, 0.17)
Observation Stays Direct effect of SVI Theme 1 on observation stays 1.95 (1.62, 2.34)
Effect of HCCs on observation stays 1.40 (1.36, 1.44)
Effect of SVI Theme 1 on observation stays mediated by HCCs 1.10 (1.02, 1.45) Total effect of SVI Theme 1 on observation stays 2.14 (1.76, 2.92)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.12 (0.04, 0.34)
Total Visits Direct effect of SVI Theme 1 on total visits 1.99 (1.86, 2.17)
Effect of HCCs on total visits 1.34 (1.32, 1.36)
Dependent Variable
(# of) Predictor Effect IRR 95% CI
Effect of SVI Theme 1 on total visits mediated by HCCs 1.09 (1.02, 1.67)
Total effect of SVI Theme 1 on total visits 2.16 (1.94, 3.32)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.11 (0.03, 0.43)
Hospitalizations SVI Theme 2: Household Composition &
Disability Direct effect of SVI Theme 2 on hospitalizations 0.96 (0.83, 1.11)
Effect of HCCs on hospitalizations 1.50 (1.48, 1.53)
Effect of SVI Theme 2 on hospitalizations mediated by HCCs 1.13 (1.03, 1.59) Total effect of SVI Theme 2 on hospitalizations 1.08 (0.88, 1.57)
Proportion of total effect mediated NA NA
ED Visits Direct effect of SVI Theme 2 on ED visits 0.90 (0.81, 1.04)
Effect of HCCs on ED visits 1.22 (1.20, 1.24)
Effect of SVI Theme 2 on ED visits mediated by HCCs 1.06 (1.01, 1.26)
Total effect of SVI Theme 2 on ED visits 0.95 (0.84, 1.20)
Proportion of total effect mediated NA NA
Observation Stays Direct effect of SVI Theme 2 on observation stays 0.91 (0.75, 1.10)
Effect of HCCs on observation stays 1.41 (1.37, 1.44)
Effect of SVI Theme 2 on observation stays mediated by HCCs 1.10 (1.03, 1.61) Total effect of SVI Theme 2 on observation stays 1.01 (0.82, 1.42)
Proportion of total effect mediated NA NA
Total Visits Direct effect of SVI Theme 2 on total visits 0.93 (0.85, 1.03)
Effect of HCCs on total visits 1.35 (1.33, 1.36)
Effect of SVI Theme 2 on total visits mediated by HCCs 1.09 (1.02, 1.34)
Total effect of SVI Theme 2 on total visits 1.01 (0.88, 1.29)
Proportion of total effect mediated NA NA
Hospitalizations SVI Theme 3: Minority Status & Language Direct effect of SVI Theme 3 on hospitalizations 1.59 (1.36, 1.88)
Effect of HCCs on hospitalizations 1.50 (1.47, 1.53)
Effect of SVI Theme 3 on hospitalizations mediated by HCCs 1.13 (1.03, 1.94) Total effect of SVI Theme 3 on hospitalizations 1.79 (1.47, 2.92)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.21 (0.05, 0.59)
ED Visits Direct effect of SVI Theme 3 on ED visits 1.92 (1.69, 2.19)
Effect of HCCs on ED visits 1.21 (1.20, 1.23)
Effect of SVI Theme 3 on ED visits mediated by HCCs 1.06 (1.01, 1.20)
Total effect of SVI Theme 3 on ED visits 2.03 (1.76, 2.41)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.08 (0.02, 0.23)
Observation Stays Direct effect of SVI Theme 3 on observation stays 1.62 (1.22, 2.13)
Effect of HCCs on observation stays 1.41 (1.37, 1.44)
Effect of SVI Theme 3 on observation stays mediated by HCCs 1.11 (1.03, 1.40) Total effect of SVI Theme 3 on observation stays 1.79 (1.34, 2.55)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.17 (0.05, 0.42)
Total Visits Direct effect of SVI Theme 3 on total visits 1.89 (1.68, 2.10)
Effect of HCCs on total visits 1.34 (1.33, 1.36)
Effect of SVI Theme 3 on total visits mediated by HCCs 1.09 (1.02, 1.47)
Total effect of SVI Theme 3 on total visits 2.06 (1.79, 2.75)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.12 (0.03, 0.37)
Hospitalizations SVI Theme 4: Housing & Transportation Direct effect of SVI Theme 4 on hospitalizations 1.52 (1.20, 1.79)
Effect of HCCs on hospitalizations 1.50 (1.48, 1.53)
Effect of SVI Theme 4 on hospitalizations mediated by HCCs 1.06 (1.01, 1.22)
Dependent Variable
(# of) Predictor Effect IRR 95% CI
Total effect of SVI Theme 4 on hospitalizations 1.61 (1.32, 1.95)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.12 (0.03, 0.33)
ED Visits Direct effect of SVI Theme 4 on ED visits 3.24 (2.83, 3.72)
Effect of HCCs on ED visits 1.21 (1.20, 1.23)
Effect of SVI Theme 4 on ED visits mediated by HCCs 1.03 (1.01, 1.16)
Total effect of SVI Theme 4 on ED visits 3.33 (2.90, 4.13)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.02 (0.01, 0.11)
Observation Stays Direct effect of SVI Theme 4 on observation stays 2.05 (1.63, 2.72)
Effect of HCCs on observation stays 1.40 (1.37, 1.44)
Effect of SVI Theme 4 on observation stays mediated by HCCs 1.05 (1.01, 1.17) Total effect of SVI Theme 4 on observation stays 2.15 (1.66, 2.85)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.06 (0.01, 0.19)
Total Visits Direct effect of SVI Theme 4 on total visits 2.54 (2.25, 2.89)
Effect of HCCs on total visits 1.34 (1.33, 1.36)
Effect of SVI Theme 4 on total visits mediated by HCCs 1.04 (1.01, 1.19)
Total effect of SVI Theme 4 on total visits 2.65 (2.34, 3.08)
Proportion of total effect mediated 0.04 (0.01, 0.17)
Note: HCCs = Hierarchical Condition Categories based on yearly average from 2015-2016; SVI = Social Vulnerability Index; IRR = Incidence Rate Ratio; CI = Confidence Interval; NA = No mediation demonstrated. *All models adjusted for demographic characteristics (age, gender, race, language), number of prescribed medications, and primary care site characteristics (number of: full-time employees, full-time advanced practice providers, actual visits, active patients).