Supplementary Figure 1. Dynamic FC of the sgACC to the descending antinociceptive system and salience network
A A dynamic conditional correlation approach was used to calculate dynamic functional
connectivity from the sgACC to the descending antinociceptive system (DAS, represented by the
averaged time courses from seeds in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and rostroventral medial medulla (RVM)) and the salience network (SN, represented by the averaged time courses from the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ), anterior insula (aINS), and midcingulate cortex (MCC)). The standard deviation (SD) of each dynamic conditional correlation across the time series was calculated. We used this SD as the summary metric for dynamic functional
connectivity. B. No significant interaction and no significant main effects were found. Individual dynamic functional connectivity values for the right and left sgACC to DAS and sgACC to SN for patients and healthy sex/age matched controls are shown. There were no significant
differences in dynamic FC between groups. C. Right and left sgACC dynamic FC to the DAS and SN in our large cohort of healthy controls (HCs). No significant sex-differences were found.
Individual dynamic functional connectivity values for women and men are displayed. L=left, R=right, sgACC = subgenual ACC.
Supplementary Table 1: Static functional connectivity in chronic pain patients and healthy controls: Additional findingsPeak MNI coordinates, Z, and p values are reported for
significant clusters found in the seed-to-voxel whole brain analyses in Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) chronic pain patients and healthy matched controls. Thresholded at p <0.05 (FWE-
corrected for multiple comparisons). CPw = women with chronic pain, CPm = men with chronic pain, HCw = Healthy Control Women, HCm = Healthy Control Men.
Contrast sgACC Z p MNI Coordinates Brain Region x y z
Seed-to-Voxel Whole Brain Analysis in Chronic Pain Patients & Healthy Controls (2 Way ANOVA) CPm > CPw R 4.21 <0.001 16 -54 -30 Right Cerebellum (Anterior Lobe) L 3.50 0.0143 28 -68 58 Right Lateral Occipital Cortex CPw > HCw L 3.48 0.00547 16 -82 32 Bilateral Cuneal Cortex &
Lateral Occipital Cortex
HCw > CPw R 3.48 0.0435 22 -80 -52 Right Cerebellum
Supplementary Table 2: Dynamic functional connectivity between the sgACC and Salience Network and the sgACC and Descending Antinociceptive System in chronic pain patients and healthy controls A. Results from two-way ANOVAs investigating the effects of pain status (chronic pain/healthy control) and sex (women/men) on dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) between the sgACC and the salience network (SN), as well as the sgACC and the descending antinociceptive system (DAS). No significant interactions or main effects were found for either right or left sgACC seeds. B. Results from two sample t-tests comparing women and men in our HC (full cohort). No significant sex-differences in dFC between the sgACC and SN or the sgACC and DAS were found.
A. Two-way ANOVAs in Chronic Pain Patients & HCs (patient matched)
Network sgACC Contrast F P
Salience R Interaction (1,72) = 0.0154 0.902
Main Effect Pain Status (1, 72) = 0.57 0.451
Main Effect Sex (1, 72) = 0.02 0.880
L Interaction (1,72) = 0.05 0.816
Main Effect Pain Status (1,72) = 0.0003151 0.9859
Main Effect Sex (1, 72) = 1.45 0.232
Descending
Antinociceptive System R Interaction (1, 72) = 0.63 0.433
Main Effect Pain Status (1, 72) = 1.31 0.256
Main Effect Sex (1, 72) = 1.00 0.320
L Interaction (1, 72) = 1.30 0.258
Main Effect Pain Status (1, 72) = 0.05 0.824
Main Effect Sex (1, 72) = 0.37 0.547
B. Two sample t-tests comparing women and men HCs (full cohort)
Network Contrast sgACC P
Salience
Women vs. Men R 0.624
L 0.949
Descending
Antinociceptive System
Women vs. Men R 0.278
L 0.730