TABLE 1. Linear Anthropometric Measurements
Measurement Landmarks
Intercanthal Distance en-en
Alar Width al-al
Nasal Height msen-sn
Nasal Length msen-prn
Nasal Tip Protrusion sn-prn Upper Lip Height sn-sto Nasal Tip Elevation prn-SN-7o
Abbreviations: en, endocanthion; al, alare; msen, mid-sagittal endocanthion; sn, subnasale; prn, pronasale; sto, stomion superioris;
SN-7o, the reference plane sella-nasion minus 7o
TABLE 2. Angular Anthropometric Measurements
Measurement Landmarks
Dorsal Hump Curvature (DHC) Curvature of the upper half of dorsal surface
Supratip Break Angle (SBA) Supratip Break Angle (SBA) Dorsal Nasal Curvature Curvature of the entire
dorsal surface, using the most superior and inferior points from DHC and SBA Nasal Tip Angle sb-prn-cm
Nasolabial Angle cm-sn-a’
Upper Lip Curvature nb-a’-ls
Abbreviations: sb, supratip break point (the middle landmark from SBA);
prn, pronasale; cm, columella; sn, subnasale; a’, soft tissue A-point;
nb, nasal base; ls, labia superioris
<180o = concave, >180 o = convex
TABLE 3. Changes in Linear Measures from T1 to T3
Linear Measurement
(mm) T1 T3 ΔT3/T1 95% CI P
Value
Alar base 34.57 ± 3.85 36.47 ± 3.58 1.89 ± 1.92 1.25, 2.53 .000**
Nasal Tip
protrusion 19.85 ± 2.75 19.12 ± 2.32 -0.77 ± 1.19 -1.13, -.33 .001*
Upper Lip
Length 21.11 ± 3.42 22.01 ± 3.24 0.90 ± 1.81 0.30, 1.51 .005* Vertical
Position of pronasale
46.43 ± 4.95 43.96 ± 5.06 -2.46 ± 2.92 -3.44,-1.49 .000**
*P<.01, **P<.001
TABLE 4. Changes in Angular Measures from T1 to T3
Angular Measurement (degree)
T1 T3 ΔT3/T1 95% CI P
Value Upper Lip
Curvature 155.1 ± 15.0 162.8 ± 10.2 7.7 ± 10.0 4.4,11.1 .000**
Nasolabial
Angle 122.4 ± 15.9 115.1 ± 13.9 -7.4 ± 8.4 -10.2,-4.6 .000**
Nasal Tip
Angle 108.5 ± 6.0 106.4 ± 5.8 -2.2 ± 3.7 -3.4, -0.9 .001*
Supratip
Break Angle 175.2 ± 6.8 171.2 ± 5.6 -4.0 ± 4.4 -5.5, -2.5 .000**
Entire Dorsal Convexity
176.6 ± 8.9 171.1 ± 7.6 -5.5 ± 5.2 -7.2, -3.8 .000**
*P<.01, **P<.001
TABLE 5. Predictors of Nasolabial Soft Tissue Change Parameter Predictor R2 Regression Equation Supratip
Break Angle
Horizontal maxillary movement at A-point
0.174 Δ SBA = -.062 – .850(ΔA-X)
Nasolabial
Angle Horizontal mandibular movement at B-point
0.179 ΔNLA = -1.59 - .642(ΔB-X)
Vertical position of pronasale (Nasal Tip Elevation
= NTE)
Horizontal maxillary movement at A- point, vertical maxillary movement at U1-tip
0.795 0.611
ΔNTE = 1.4 - .608(ΔA-X) + .659(U1-Y)