TEXT While some countries are starting to see confirmed cases and deaths fall following strict lockdown restrictions, others are still seeing figures rise.
A sharp increase in cases in Latin America in the second half of May led the World Health Organization (WHO) to say the Americas were the new centre of the pandemic. But there have also been new spikes in Africa, Asia and the Middle East.
Brazil, Peru, Chile, Mexico and Ecuador are among the Latin America countries that have seen widespread outbreaks. Brazil recently became only the second country in the world, after the US, to confirm more than one million cases of Covid-19 and the death toll in the country is now over 50,000. President Jair Bolsonaro has consistently downplayed the risks of the virus and prioritised the economy in his decision- making. Cases are also continuing to surge in Mexico.
The capital, Mexico City, had planned to reopen businesses this week but with its alert level remaining at
"red", the mayor has extended the current restrictions for another week.
India reported more than 15,000 new coronavirus cases - the biggest daily increase since the start of its epidemic. The official death toll there has passed 13,000 but the true number is thought to be higher, owing to insufficient testing and reporting issues. Neighbouring Pakistan has also seen a surge in infections and deaths - although new cases has fallen slightly in recent days - and the healthcare systems in both countries are under strain. In Iran, there have been fears of a second wave of infections. The number of daily deaths has risen to around 100 per day for the first time in two months.
China has also been dealing with a small spike in new cases believed to be connected to a Beijing wholesale market, but officials now believe the outbreak has been contained.
South Africa and Egypt have seen the largest outbreaks so far in Africa. But testing rates are reported to be extremely low in some parts of the continent so this could be distorting understanding of how far the virus has spread.
Source : https://www.bbc.com/news/world-51235105
1. Most of the information in the passage discuss about ?
a. Africa, Asia, and Middle East have been strictly limiting private companies to reopen during pandemic
b. Spreading of Coronavirius are getting unpreventable
c. The worst cases are mostly happening in Brazil
d. Coronavirus cases are still significantly increasing in some states.
e. Adversity in economic condition is influenced by daily increase of pandemic.
2. The word ”downplayed” is best replaced by ? a. Avert
b. Afraid c. Igonore d. Threatened e. Unfollow
3. Which of the following is not true according to pandemic in Asia?
a. Death victim is expected more than 13.000 in India
b. Healthcare system in Pakistan is not condusive
c. There have increased almost 100 per day death toll in Iran
d. Market officials in Bejing try to deal with unsignificant spike in new cases.
e. Coronavirus cases are still problematic in Asia.
4. The writer conveys the idea by …
a. Elaborating how each state deal with coronavirus
b. Emphasize detail problem the nature of COVID-19 in each country.
c. Reporting the impacts caused by pandemic d. Explaining the solution offered by state
officials
e. Explaining current pandemic problems in some countries in each continent
TEXT With restrictions in place, millions stopped visiting clinics for contraceptives, says the government, which promotes family planning as part of its fight against child malnutrition. The government vehicles began appearing in Indonesian towns and cities in May, equipped with loudspeakers blaring a blunt message. “You can have sex.
You can get married. But don‟t get pregnant,” health workers read from a script. “Dads, please control yourself.
You can get married. You can have sex as long as you use contraception.”
Indonesian officials are worried about a possible unintended consequence of the country‟s coronavirus restrictions: a post-pandemic baby boom. In April, as people across Indonesia stayed home, about 10 million married couples stopped using contraception, according to the National Population and Family Planning Agency, which collects data from clinics and hospitals that distribute birth control. Many women couldn‟t get access to contraceptives because their health care provider was closed. Others did not want to risk a visit, for fear of catching the virus.
Now, officials are expecting a wave of unplanned births next year, many of them to poor families who were already struggling. “We are nervous about leaving home, not to mention going to the hospital, which is the source of all diseases,” said Lana Mutisari, 36, a married woman in a suburb of Jakarta, the capital, who has been putting off an appointment to get an IUD. “There are all kinds of viruses there.”
Hasto Wardoyo, an obstetrician and gynecologist who heads the family planning agency, has estimated that there could be 370,000 to 500,000 extra births early next year, in a c That would be a setback for Indonesia‟s extensive efforts to promote smaller families, a key aspect of its fight against child malnutrition. President Joko Widodo has made it a national goal to reduce child stunting
— impaired development resulting from poor nutrition and other factors — by half within four years. “There should be no unwanted pregnancy,” said Dr. Hasto.
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/10/world/asia/indonesia- coronvirus-baby-boom.html
1. The text mostly discusses about…
a. Most of the people fear to use contraception b. Health care should prepare to adapt for
post-pandemic situation
c. Indonesia now concern on the uplifting number of pregnancy
d. Millions people do not consult their family planning
e. The increasing number of people doing sex underage
2. To whom the text is written ? a. Family Planning Agency b. Parents
c. Wife d. Husband e. Children
3. The word “there” in third paragraph refers to…
a. Hospital b. Jakarta c. Capital City d. Suburban e. Home
4. From the last paragraph, we can draw these following conclusions, except …
a. There will be escalation approximately 370,000 to 500,000 extra births cases b. Extra births have no correlation with child
malnutrition cases.
c. President of Indonesia has made objective purpose for children health
d. Unwanted pregnancy can be an obstacle in combating population problem
e. A national goal is established because impaired development resulting from poor nutrition and other factors.
TEXT Parents send their children to school with the best of intentions, believing that formal education is what kids need to become productive, happy adults. Many parents do have qualms about how well schools are performing, but the conventional wisdom is that these issues can be resolved with more money, better teachers, more challenging curricula, or more rigorous tests. But what if the real problem is school itself? The unfortunate fact is that one of our most cherished institutions is, by its very nature, failing our children and our society.
Children are required to be in school, where their freedom is greatly restricted, far more than most adults would tolerate in their workspaces. In recent decades, we have been compelling them to spend ever more time in this kind of setting, and there is strong evidence that this is causing psychological damage to many of them. And as scientists have investigated how children naturally learn, they have realized that kids do so most deeply and fully, and with greatest enthusiasm, in conditions that are almost opposite to those of school.
Compulsory education has been a fixture of our culture now for several generations. President Obama and Secretary of Education Arne Duncan are so enamored of it that they want even longer school days and years. Most people assume that the basic design of today's schools emerged from scientific evidence about how children learn.
But nothing could be further from the truth.
Schools as we know them today are a product of history, not of research. The blueprint for them was developed during the Protestant Reformation, when schools were created to teach children to read the Bible, to believe Scripture without questioning it, and to obey authority figures without questioning them. When schools were taken over by the state, made compulsory, and directed toward secular ends, the basic structure and methods of teaching remained unchanged. Subsequent attempts at reform have failed because they have not altered basic blueprint. The top down, teach-and-test method, in which learning is motivated by a system of rewards and punishments rather than by curiosity or by any real desire to know, is well designed for indoctrination and obedience training but not much else. It is no wonder that many of the world's greatest entrepreneurs and innovators either left school early (like Thomas Edison) or said they hated school and learned despite it, not because of it (like Albert Einstein).
1. What is the topic of the text above?
a. Parents' expectation on reformation in American school system
b. Doubts on the effectiveness of American school systems
c. Restrictions on children's freedom at the US schools
d. Regulations for American children to stay longer at schools
e. Absence of a research-based school system in the USA
2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “qualms” (line 2)
a. Beliefs b. Requests c. Remarks d. Views e. Doubts
3. What is the purpose of the text
a. To discuss if the American school system is truly effective to educate children
b. To remind American parents that the formal school is basically a product of culture
c. To tell the readers that formal schools in the USA have been constantly developed for a long time
d. To review how compulsory education in the USA has met parents' expectation e. To describe how American children
learn at school and in real-life settings 4. Paragraph 4 implies…
a. School system is designed based on deep observation.
b. The effectiveness of School is based on how long the time student are spend for.
c. School has been obligating the student to follow its learning system.
d. The students are inventiviced to have critical mindset in questioning subject at school.
e. Many world‟s greatest enterpreneurs and innovators are fully educated in school.
TEXT Dogs are one of the smartest animals and are often called „man‟s best friend‟. As well as being a pet, many trained dogs also become professionals to help police, airport officials, and people with special needs. It is this special ability that has always been an attraction for experts to research dogq more scientifically and deeply. As reported in TIME, one of the experts who was interested in it was neuroscientist Gregory Berns from Emory University in Atlanta, United States. Not just studying their behaviour, Berns specifically trained dogs to sit quietly inside Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) so that the way their brain worked could be scanned and seen.
Without being anesthesized or put to sleep, the fully awake dog was told to sit while the MRI scanner was cheking their brain.
For scanning purpose, large hardware was needed so that the software could function oprimally. The result of the scanning indicated that the size of the brain is the determining factor. The dog‟s brain size is relatively large.
Human brain is considered very big, reaching a proportion of 1:50 of the average total body weight. The size of the dog‟s brain turned out to be 1:125 of the dog‟s total body weight. It is the ratio found in almost all types of puppies.
In comparison with other animals, the size of a horse‟s brain is only 1:600 and the size of a lion‟s brain is slightly better at 1:550 of the total body weight. So, among other animals the size of a dog‟s brain is indeed quite large and can accomodate more cognitive and affective development.
Dogs are very sensitive to tones. From changes in tone, dogs can learn and distinguish human words. Berns‟
research aimed to find out how dogs learn human language. When dogs hear a word, is it just an auditory stimulation or does it have more meanings? He spent a year observing the brain activities of the dogs when they heard familiat words or unclear chatter. From the tone, dogs can learn to distinguish human words. As with human babies, puppies respond more to humans high pitched speech than low-pitched one. Researchers in New York and France also found that high notes really helped puppies learn words. But as adults, dogs no longer choose high octaves as thet did when they were young.
1. The word „proffesionals’ in paragraph 1 is replaceable by ...
a. Animals with special ability b. Deftly skilled animals c. Excellent animals d. Smart animals e. Trained animals
2. What is the main idea of the passage
a. The comparison between a dog‟s brain size and its weight determines its capacity and cognitive abilites
b. A dog‟s brain size and its cognitive abilities are determined by the total body weight
c. The size of a dog‟s brain determines its weight and cognitive potential
d. The larger size of dog‟s brain, the faster its cognitive and affective development are e. The ration between dog‟s brain size and its
weight is determined by its cognitive and affective development
3. What motivates the writer to write the passage
?
a. The genius of dogs has not been widely used by humans
b. Berns‟ research findings have not been verified and reviewed
c. That dogs can respond to changes in tone has not been studied in depth
d. The ratio between a dog‟s brain size and its body weight needs systematic research.
e. The factors that classify dogs as one of the smartest animals are not yet widely known.
4. What the writer wants to communicate through the sentence „As with human babies, puppies respond more to humans high pitched speech than low-pitched one‟ in paragraph 3 is to ...
a. Refuse Berns‟ research findings b. Reveal Berns‟ research findings c. Verify Berns‟ research conclusions d. Generalize Berns‟ research findings
e. Discuss research findings of Berns‟ and others