TEACHING WRITING BY USING RIPPLE WRITING STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’
WRITING ACHIEVEMENT. (AT THE ELEVENT GRADE OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL) By
HARI RANDIVALY*)
*)Syayid Sandi Sukandi, S.S M.A Staf Pengajar Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat
ABSTRAK
Hari Randivaly. (10040332), Pengajaran Menulis Dengan Menggunakan Ripple Terhadap Pencapaian Menulis Siswa. Makalah. Program Sarjana STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat.
Menulis adalah satu dari empat keahlian dasar yang harus dikuasai oleh siswa oleh sekolah menengah atas. Dalam hal ini menulis bukan hanya untuk berbagi cerita atau informasi, menulis juga diperuntukan untuk menjalin komunikasi jarak jauh yang cukup bermanfaat. Melihat situasi ini setiap guru bahasa Inggris hendaknya sadar bahwa menulis bukan hanya untuk menyusun kalimat menjadi paragraf kemudian paragraph menjadi sebuah teks utuh, tapi juga tentang penyampaian pesan dari penulis kepada si pembaca. Oleh sebab itu, perlu digunakan strategi yang jitu untuk menguasai dua hal tersebut. Pada makalah ini, penulis ingin mengemukakan sebuah strategi yang dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu strategi yang bermanfaat bagi pengajaran dan pembelajaran menulis. Strategi tersebut adalah Ripple Writing Strategy.
Ripple Writing Strategi adalah sebuah strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu siswa menjalani proses penulisan itu sendiri yaitu generating ideas based on the topic, working and sharing ingroup discission, searching interest sources, encourage with others, editing, publishing. Dalam strategi ini siswa akan di tuntut untuk bekerja sama dalam membangun sebuah teks dengan di dukung oleh sumber-sumber yang ada. Jadi, strategi ini di terapkan melalui kerja berpasangan atau kelompok.
Kemudian teks yang di ajarkan hortatory exposition. Melalui strategi ini di harapkan siswa akan terlatih untuk bekerjasama dan memahami apa itu menulis yang sebenarnya untuk menghasilkan tulisan yang baik.
INTRODUCTION
Writing is a complex skill which is need by the writer’s thoughts and opinion, the skill also require other elements in writing, such as grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Related to grammar and vocabulary that are important elements in writing which it arrange the word and the pattern to make good sentences. Moreover, spelling and punctuation must consider to write a good written from that is appropriate with context.
Thus, writing is a combination of process and product. The process in writing itself focuses on the students’
activities in teaching learning process,
especially in the classroom. Meanwhile, the product of writing explain about the students to make a text which in can be comprehension and interesting for the reader in order to make the readers interesting.
In fact, based on the writer’s observation at SMAN 1 Batang Kapas pesisir selatan, the writer identified students’ problem related to English writing. the main problem happened in this case that the students can not create their ideas into written text, and also the students did not understand how to write well and what should they write, because many students feel difficult to create their ideas in to a good text, and than the
students got low score and cannot achieve the target of writing achievement.
Therefore a teacher should choose a good strategy to help students in writing.
If the teacher uses appropriate strategy, it can make the students’
understand and comprehend in writing.
Moreover, it can improve the students’
writing, because the students will be not bored to write, because they are to choose of some topic that they like to write.
Review Of Related Literature
There are some defenition of writing According to Brown (2001:336) “writing is a thinking process. In this case, in writing activity, students can express their ideas, opinion, through the process of prewriting, drafting, revising, and editing”.
It is supported by Ontario (2005:13) who points out that writing is powerful instrument for students to use, to express thoughts, feelings, and judgments about what they have read, seen, or experienced.
Refering to the explanation above, it can be concluded that writing is a process constructing the idea in the written form through some chronological process, they are generating ideas, organizing the material, drafting, revising and publishing the work. It needs a critical thinking in order to express appropriate idea in a piece of writing form. Writing is also a process in which requires the writer to make the writing understandable for the readers.
Teaching Writing
In teaching English especially writing skill, the teacher has to understand what is teaching writing itself. Considering all component that involve in delivering the material in teaching writing, many strategies can be done by the writing teacher. Manka (2000:13) defines that teaching writing means introducing many different types of text in the language class. There are many kinds of text that should be taught to the foreign language learners. Teaching writing cannot be separated by them. The students are
required to be able to comprehend and also to develop their ides in written form.
Refering to explanation above, teaching writing is not only used to teach the students how to develop idea but also to evaluate students. The teacher should aware that writing is not a product but a significant process. It is caused by the importance of writing process which help the students to make their writing to be organized. That is while teaching writing the teacher should pay attention to the development of students writing.
Hortatory Exposition Text
Hortatory exposition text is a text that gives ideas to the readers about phenomenon. Paradiyono (2009:126) explain that hortatory exsposition is text that gives information which is ideas/opinion about phenomenon and have paper based analysis phenomenon. It means that hortatory exposition is a text that explain about opinion/idea based phenomenon. The generic structures of hortatory exsposition text are: thesis is a controversial statement that is made after research phenomenon (social, cultural and political). Then, argument are an opinion that is made based analysis and strong reason, and recomendation is strong expression and true thesis.
Furthermore, hortatory exposition text that is a text have a contents information, opinion that persuades the readers to accept the writer’s point of view. Djuharie (2009:161) states that hortatory exposition is a text that gives opinion to influence and persuade the readers get pro-conta behavior toward something should do or should not. It means that hortatory exposition is a text that explain statement to gives affect to the readers. In addition, it also persuades the readers to can do well, and relates with negative and positive behavior for the readers. The generic structures of hortatory exposition text are: thesis is an opinion about issues phenomenon that will be discussed by the teacher to the students in
the class. Then, argument are suggestion/reason to make the strong reason with their argument, and
recomendation is statement should not do to persuade the readers.
Ripple Writing Strategy
Ripple writing strategy is strategy which can make the students to create their idea become paragraph, According to Aragoni (2009:1) explains that Ripple Writing Strategy is a strategy that the students can use to identify material for body paragraph development. High- interest readings from a variety of genres have been chosen to engage students in critical thinking. Each chapter is organized around a single topict and contains two or three readings. Journal question, pre- reading activities, and comperehension and vocabulary activities accompany each reading.
Furthermore, Ripple Writing Strategy can help the students in written text, it supported by Sawyer (2011:2) explains that ripple writing strategy is a strategy
that can helps with each aspect of succesful media campaign (background materials), from the developing strategic massage to write to writing effective press material to organizing newsworthy events.
In addition, Ripple Writing Strategy is a strategy that students need source before star to writing, according to NREPP (2011:2) Ripple Writing Strategy is a strategy that fits guidelines of many publics and privates funding sources.
In summary, Ripple Writing Strategy is a that the students can use a source to identify material for develop body of paragraph. Thus, Ripple Writing Strategy also focuses on brainstorming to examine their knowledge to put muscle on the topic statements of the studens’ body paragraph.
Procedure Of Ripple Writing Strategy To apply this strategy in the class for the students, teachers must know how to use this strategy well. This statement is supported by Aragoni (2009:1) proposes that there are some procedures that do in ripple writing strategy, thay are: first, creating a working thesis statement from a topic. Second, developing a sentence outline from a thesis statement. Then, assesing the potential sources of evidence for paper development (Ripple Strategy).
Next, researching based on the thesis statement keywords. After that, expanding a writing skeleton into a full working outline (comprehesive plan) and, editing for single erorr and presenting with support material.
Meanwhile, Ekroth (2011:3) explains that way to create of Ripple Writing
Strategy, there are some procedures: first, generating ideas based on the topic.
Second, working and sharing in group discussion. Then, searching interest sources and materials. After that, encourage with others, read aloud or tell an inspiring, and publishing. It means that procedure of Ripple Writing Stategy will be star from the students choose the topic before they express their arguents intowritten. Moreover, they can discuss with group that have been choosen by the teacher and search interst source to support their writing in order to be more valid based on their argument that have been wrote in written text with their group discussion, and also will be published in other media to can share with other people.
Advantages Of Ripple Writing Strategy In this case, there is a strategy can be considered as strategy to teach writing that is Ripple Writing Strategy. According to Aragoni (2009:2) advantages of Ripple Writing Strategy is to increase distant from a pebble’s entry point of the writer and
systematically examine information source in ever-widening ring.
Then, Sawyer (2011:3) states that ripple writing strategy can examine their knowledge and thier ignorance to determine what evidence work for an essay, term paper, or speech they are
preparing and also provide mutual aid and planing a paper and support essay.
Briefly, the advantages of Ripple Writing Strategy is to get other information source from other media to make a introductory paragraph become a good essay by supporting evidence material and the time alloted. So that the
students be able understand about writing text, and then the students can to reach target achievement.
So, in this chapter the writer raised Ripple Writing Strategy, because the writer that sure with this strategy can help the students to turn up their idea until becoming write a text well.
Teaching Writing By Using Ripple Writing Strategy
1. Teacher show the picture to brainstorm the students about material that will be taught to his students in the class.
2. Teacher asks the students to give their argument based on the picture.
3. Teacher write their argument in white board to become a paragraph that is about hortatory exposition text.
4. Teacher introduce topic in the class.
5. Teacher explain about hortatory text, generic structures and language features
6. Teacher divide students into small group
7. Teacher asks the students to write a paragraph about hortatory exposition text.
8. Teacher asks the students to choose one of topic that have
been prepared based an evidence sources and material to support their argument based on topic that have been chosen.
9. Teacher give an evidence sources and material to support their arguments based in the topic that have been chosen before.
10. The students analyze the potential sources of evidence for thesis statement development (Ripple Strategy).
11. The students create a working thesis statement from a topic that will be discussed.
12. The students star to make a draft and share with group and is also helped by the teacher.
13. The students write a hortatory text in group discussion based on the source that have been given by the teacher.
DISCUSSION
Before the teacher star to teach by using ripple writing strategy, the teacher prepare the material, lesson plan, time allocation and media. In pre-teaching, the teacher can do some steps, such as greet, check
attendance list and brainstorming to the students. In whilst-teaching activity, the teacher applies by using ripple writing strategy. In post teaching activity, the teacher concludes the material
CONCLUSION
Writing is a skill that needs special attention by the English teacher. It is caused by the requirements of writing skill. Writing is not only a skill that asks the writer or the students to arrange some sentences into a good order paragraph but also the skill of conveying the meaningful message to the readers. The writer should follow some important processess of writing that can support the writing
product. It is caused by the importance of writing in communication. That is why English teacher should be aware about the process of teaching and learning writing.
However, all requirements of writing skill are far from what is hopped. It may be caused by some related factors such as teacher and students’ motivation. Actually, the way of the teacher teaches can motivate students in learning. The teacher’s way can be approached through
the strategy being used in the classroom.
There is strategy that can help the teacher and also the students in improving writing.
It is Ripple Writing Strategy.
Ripple writing strategy increase students’ writing achievement in terms of content, organization, language, and vocabulary. However, for terms of grammar and mechanics cannot be covered by Ripple Writing Strategy because students are too focus on searching the
source to write text about hortatory exposition.
From the explanation above, it can be concluding that Ripple Writing Strategy was better in giving significant effect toward students writing achievement.
Applying ripple writing strategy encourages students to explore their thought and idea. They will organize their thought and ideas to undrestand well about the purpose of writing.
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