Important note: You must refer to the document ‘Unit IG2: risk assessment – Guidance and information for learners and Learning Partners’ while completing all parts of this assessment. Your Learning Partner should provide you with a copy, but it can also be downloaded from the relevant resources section for this qualification on the NEBOSH website.
Part 1: Background
You should aim to complete this section in 150 - 200 words.
Topic Comments
Name of organisation* United Pak Company
Site location* Lahore, Pakistan
Number of workers 600
General description of the organisation
One of the top Pakistan garbage management firms is United Pak Company. Since 2010, they have been serving the requirements of several business sectors. The company offers waste management solutions through the provision of both goods and services. By providing you with a quality selection of compactors and other equipment, the company makes it easier for you to get rid of your garbage in the quickest and best method possible. Some of their tools aid in reducing waste by as much as 50%.By addressing one of the most pressing global concerns, we want to contribute to a better, brighter, and more environmentally friendly future.Business is in possession of substantial equipment, including a centrifugal browser, a mixer, a welding machine, and a painting machine.
Typically, tasks were completed such as fabrication and repair work, maintenance of the workshop wing, and work activities in the workshop, which include component fabrication, welding, grinding, gas cutting, and painting work.
There are two shifts at work. Both the first and second shifts are from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm and from 4:00 pm to 12:00 midnight respectively. There are 200 employees working each shift. The majority of the employees there are young.
Any other relevant information
related issues at the constructing site.
* If you’re worried about confidentiality, you can invent a false name and location for your organisation but, all other information provided must be factual.
You should aim to complete this section in 100 - 200 words.
Note: this section can be completed after you have competed your risk assessment.
Outline how the risk assessment was carried out this should include:
sources of information consulted;
who you spoke to; and
how you identified:
- the hazards;
- what is already being done; and - any additional controls/actions that
may be required.
I went through the International Labour Organization's (ILO) international safety guidelines and found several relevant codes of standards specific to mechanical manufactures.
http://ilo.org/safework/info/standards-and-instruments/codes/WCMS_164653/lang-- en/index.htm
Beside this HSE has some specific codes related to it
https://www.hse.gov.uk/coronavirus/working-safely/manufacturing/machinery-building- safety.htm
Then, to review plant safety arrangements, I held a meeting with the Health and Safety Manager. I checked the plant for hazards and conducted interviews with managers and staff representatives about their health and safety needs, social programmes, and safety culture. There is a lack of a positive safety culture among employees, as well as a lack of oversight and contact between workers and management.
I read the company audit report, inspection report, job procedure, absence and illness results, and prior injury records. I determined that there was a lack of preparation and instruction on a healthy safety culture. Machine servicing was also subpar by industry standards. I investigate the causes of illness and absence related to exhaustion and discomfort caused by work load and a lack of break time.
After this, I referred to some of the HSE’s approved codes of practices for guidance documents, foe example for control measure of welding activity.
https://www.hse.gov.uk/welding/protect-your-workers/index.htm
Part 2: Risk Assessment
Hazard category and
hazard
Who might be harmed and how?
What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are required?
Timescales for further actions
to be completed (within …)
Responsible person’s job
title
Working at height Fall from height, Working alone on the monkey ladder changing light bulbs in the storage room without a fall arrestor device, placing himself at danger of falling from a tremendous height.
Worker might be harmed.
A worker was turning on the lighting on a fallen step of a monkey ladder in a storage room without wearing a fall arrestor equipment, placing himself at danger of falling from a tremendous height.
Minor neglect can result in physical injuries such as bone rupture,
bruises, head or neck damage, and rib fracture.
1. Lone Working is not allowed.
2. The plant supervisor regularly monitors the access equipment and work.
1.Electricians must be ordered to come down, and TBT on falling from great heights must be delivered to them.
2. To ensure safe and efficient height operation, the scaffolding arrangement must be set or replaced.
3. To increase fall prevention, a fall arrestor system must also be provided.
4. A safe working framework for height job tasks must be built and applied.
5. Use a check-list method to ensure that all protocols are followed.
6. All employees' instructions, information, and training should be
1 week
2 weeks
1 week
1 month
3 weeks
HSE Officer
Area Supervisor
Operational Manager HSE Manager Area supervisor
(within …)
kept up to date. 1 month HSE Officer
Slip and Trip Electrical wires and tools were strewn across the ground and paths.
The workers, pedestrian and the equipment might have harmed.
Tools were scattered in the path way on the ground floor during workers were moving in a fast peed for drilling structure on the ground and can stuck with these scattered tools present on the path way. which may cuase trip to the workers shall result in serious injury
Reported to area in charge for rectifications and sent officially email to top management.
1.Report the area supervisor about this negligence.
2.Collect tools from the ground and place it away from pathway.
3.Safety prohibited sign should be placed at site.
4.Give storage bags of tools and tool tray to the workers to store their tools in them.
5.Provide training to worker about safe storage and handling of tools during work.
4 days 5 days 2 weeks 3 weeks
2 weeks
1 week
HSE Officer Responsible supervisor Finance manager Branch manager HSE Officer
Area Manager
(within …)
6.Provide proper hangers for cables.
. Health
welfare, and work
environment working under sunlight in open place in material yard and the temperature was very high.
All workers working in materials yard and workshop working under sunlight and visitors could face heat stress, heat exhaustion, heat cramps, heat stroke, fainting, rashes, worsening of pre-
existing illnesses and conditions,
Extreme heat and heat stress Tool box talk conducted for all outside workers.
Workers have been
instructed to drink2 litters of water every 2 hours to combat dehydration.
Proper drinking facilities and access to drinking water is available for workers.
Workers must take proper rest.
1.Management need to provide proper supervision and monitoring during peak summer months.
2.Management need to Provide hydrolytes/electrolytes drink to maintain the hydration level.
3.Strict Adherence of Ministerial Orders from MOL regarding Mid- Day Summer break
4.Management need to make job rotation policy for all outside workers who are working under direct sunlight and provide them appropriate mid-day breaks.
1 week
1 week
1 week
1 week
1week
HSE Officer
Area supervisor
Operation Manager
Branch manager
HR Manager
(within …) 5.Assign competent person for
active monitoring Hazardous
substance expose to metal fumes and to ultraviolet (UV) radiations and Skin burn, eye burn injuries while Gas cutting / Mig Welding / Grinding / Drilling activities and handling of compressed gas
cylinders.
All the workshop
workers and the visitors contractors could face serious physical injury due to Fire or
Explosion, Burns due to flash back fire, Hand injury and eye injury during cutting and drilling, Serious physical injury and fatality due to Electric shocks or electrocution
Company provided
mandatory PPE,s as per the nature of Job and already implemented.
Double flash back arrestor is in place with cutting torch and hose.
Company provided trolleys to carrying the compressed gas cylinders for safe movement.
Workers are advised through Tool box talks to secured the compressed cylinders and put upright position while transportation.
1.Management should arrange third party certifications for all the welders and only Certified Welder are allowed to work.
2.PTW awareness gives to site team (supervisors/ Foreman’s/) 3.Competent and trained persons handled this job.
4.Supervisor need to provide proper monitoring and close supervision at site. .
5.TBT to be conducted prior to start the job.
6.Carefully planned prior to the commencement of the all workers must be involved in the completion of a risk assessment/JSA prior to commencing the task.
2 months
1month 2 months 1 week
1 month 1 week
Workshop Supervisor
Area supervisor HSE Officer Operation Manager HSE Officer HSE
Manager
(within …) 7.Ensure third party certified fire
watchmen must be on the spot while hot work.
1 week HSE
Manager Movement
of vehicle and
pedestrians Workers and visitors can collide with moving vehicles, Delivery vehicles, forklifts while moving and shifting materials.
All workers and visitors are at risk of
collision/struck with moving vehicles, mobile plant, forklift and
pedestrian resulting to serious injuries, fatality.
Safe driving and operating of forklifts Tool box talk given last month to all operators.
Over speeding and short cuts are prohibited speed limit is 15Km/h. Ensure nobody is standing on the trucks passage way
Ensure adequate illumination and lighting during night time works Stay at safe place always.
Appropriate PPE provided to all workers.
1.Management should ensure provision of warning signs use to provide information, such as No Parking sign, Speed limits, Drivers should not leave their vehicles and park in an unsafe condition,
2. Designate or assign spotters (Watchman/Banksman).
3.Provision of physical barriers and mark and segregate pedestrians crossing points and vehicles routes.
4.Develop traffic management plan so that vehicles and pedestrians are separated.
5.Only trained and competent third- party certified operator can operate forklift.
3 months
3 months
1 month
1 month
1 week
Workshop Supervisor
HSE Officer
Operation Manager
Plan Engineer
HSE Officer
(within …) 6.operating training for all forklift
operators to ensure safe forklift
operations. 2 weeks HSE Officer
Noise excessive noise from grinding and hammering activities.
workshop employees and visitors especially structure repairers and helper might be
harmed.
There is high noise exposure is producing from grinding and hammering activities these activity exposing to high noise more than 80 db. High noise level can cause noise induce hearing lose, tinnitus, temporary ring bell in the ear.
Ear plug are mandatory to wear while doing grinding and hammering actives.
1.Management should provide ear muffs to workers in order to avoid high noise from hammering and grinding activities.
2.Management should Separating the noisy area by a sound-reducing partition.
3.Close supervision should be in place always to monitor using ear plug while hammering and grinding activities.
4.Tool box talk and noise exposure awareness training should be given to all worker
1month
3month
1 week
1 week
Workshop Supervisor
Area responsible Operation Manager
HSE Officer
Electricity electrocuted due to short circuit or
Steel structure repairers and
electricians who are operating power tools and electrical
Tool box talk was given last week.
1.Implement lockout and tag out procedures to ensure that the equipment remains DE-energized.
1 month Workshop
Supervisor
(within …) improper
electrical joints while operating portable power tools
maintenance work are at risk of electrocution and electric shock due to improper electrical joints and damaged necked electrical cord.
D-energizing electric
equipment before inspection or repair,
keeping electric tools properly maintained, exercising caution when working near energized lines,
2.Provide electrical safety awareness training and tool box talk to workers.
3.Only trained and competent electrician can inspect and can-do electrical maintenance work.
Arrange third party competency training for electrician.
4. Appropriate protective
equipment should be provided to all workers.
1 week
1 month
2 weeks
Area supervisor Operation Manager
Operational Manager
Work related upper limb disorder improper working position under the structure.
Workshop workers especially helpers who are working in different positions and in proper posters while under designed structure maintenancee activities could face Muscle Tendon sprain, Ligament sprain,
Tension neck syndrome back pain
Safe working procedure of structure repair work established and Tool box and training for workers conducted last year.
1.Provide Refresher training to workers and change the best ways of completing the job.
2.Modify the trestle design and increase the height at least 1.5 feet to give workers enough space to move easily.
3.Improve the environment of work area provide appropriate lightening to the working area so workers could see clearly without difficulty and moving close again and again.
1 week
3 months
1 week
Operation Manager Branch manager
Workshop supervisor
(within …) 4. Ergonomic risk assessment
should be performed on weekly basis
1 week HSE Officer
Manual Handling shifting heavy &
bulky steel structure parts from fabrications area to workshop repairing bays.
All workshop workers who are involved in the activity could face sprains and strains, Back injuries,
Soft tissue injuries, to wrists, arms, shoulders, neck or legs due to Sustained awkward posture and repetitive movements. Slip of load from hands also results foot and leg injuries to workers.
As per company safety procedures alone lifting of bulky and heavy material is not allowed and always share the load with co- worker.
Employees are instructed to lift heavy load with the help of other personnel and share the burden.
Tool box talk conducted 2 week ago.
1.Management should Provide trollies for shifting the material or use forklift instead of manual handling.
2.Arrange manual handling awareness training for all the helpers and ensure all the workers attended the training session.
3.Workers need to wear suitable PPE and ensure 100% PPE compliance.
4.Proper monitoring and
supervision to ensure workers are using trolleys for material
movement.
2 months
2 weeks
1 week
1 week
HSE Officer
Responsible supervisor
Operation Manager
Branch manager Fire
performing gas welding near gas
Worker working welding activity might be
harmed.
Gas welding is being
Prohibition warning sign boards placed near workplace.
1. Eliminate the welding activity and monitor safety precaution.
2. Make the welding area proper ventilated and make it free from
1 week 2 weeks
HSE Officer Operational Manager
(within …) cylinders. performed by workers
in the repair facility.
Near the work place, there are gas cans and other burning objects, such as plastic or wood, that could catch fire. This can lead to burns, permanent injuries, and death.
Personal protective equipment provided to workers.
any toxic gas.
3. Clear the area of all other burning materials to make it suitable for operation.
4. Instruct staff to perform welding tasks under the supervision of a fire watcher.
5. Educate employees about emergency procedures and safe working practises.
1 Week
1 Week
1 Week
HSE Officer
Welder supervisor HSE Officer
Hazardous substance fumes and bits of spray and paint when
painting and polishing materials.
Workers and visitors at the workplace might be harmed.
Staff polished and painted the materials and finished products.
When applying paint for polishing, they inhale paint gases, odours, and waste, which can
1. The workers were wearing facial masks that protect their nose and mouth.
2. Workers were already subjected to monitoring and welfare surveillance.
1. A LEV device can be built in the workplace to avoid fume inhalation.
2. Build the spray booth and mount exhaust fans to have a ventilated spray-painting environment.
3.Employees should get their wellbeing checked on a regular basis.
3 Week 1 Month
3 Week
Operational Manager Finance Manager HSE Manager Area
(within …) aggravate asthma,
respiratory infections, and chronic bronchitis, and long-term use can lead to lung cancer.
4. Included overalls or covers to employees to reduce skin irritation.
5. All workers that work in environments where hazardous chemicals are present are provided with full-face respirators.
6. Personal protective equipment, such as respirators, should be given to employees.
1 Month
2 Week
3 Week
Manager
HSE Officer
Area supervisor
Specific legal arguments: 100 to 150 words Likelihood AND severity: 75 to 150 words
How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk: 100 to 150 words
Moral, general legal and financial arguments for ALL actions
Moral, general legal and financial arguments
Moral:
UNITED PAK COMPANY has a moral duty to keep workplace accidents to a minimum so that employees can return home safely. Workers are the backbone of every business, and they are completely reliant on the organization's will. Organizations must also take
necessary efforts to guarantee their workers' well-being. Employees getting injured or murdered on the workplace is socially unacceptable. Since the worker's family is dependent on him, the company should be concerned with his employees' well-being.
Furthermore, workers have a legal right to ensure their own welfare as well as the safety of those who might be harmed as a result of their conduct, and they must follow the
instructions of their bosses.
Legal:
UNITED PAK COMPANY has legal requirement to protects its workers under the ILO’s safety and Health Convention (C155). UNITED PAK COMPANY may be subject to regulatory enforcement obligations such as prohibition (the cessation of all work on a particular activity) or enhancement notices related to specific operations. If these exercises are not adequately carried out, the financial burden on the organisation will be enormous, and even these practises will hinder their designation achievement in all fields, and the city government will interfere if construction is delayed. The government of Pakistan imposes various obligations on employers, including the condition that working machines, practises, and conditions be appropriate to the nature of the job, that all work equipment be inspected and preserved, and that all high-risk operations be governed by a permit-to-work scheme.
injured employee (sick pay, replacement worker allowance, medical costs, lost working time), Costs involved with the recruiting of new employees, Costs associated with civil litigation, the expense associated with an increase in insurance costs. The cost of obtaining administrative authority. When an injury or unwelcome event occurs, it often causes
property harm to the company. Aside from that, the company's image will suffer, and as a result, they will lose their customer. Furthermore, his estate's losses must be borne by the organisation.Rebuilding and repairing destroyed houses, as well as installing equipment, would cost a substantial amount of money.
Justification for action 1
Action (Taken from column 4 of risk assessment)
Make the welding area proper ventilated and make it free from any toxic gas. (Hazard Category: Fire)
Specific legal arguments ILO C167 - Safety and Health in Construction Convention, 1988 (No. 167) article 13 required that Employer is responsible to take precautionary measures to prevent fire in workplace’
R175 - Safety and Health in Construction Recommendation, 1988 (No. 175) also stated that employers must carry out a fire safety risk assessment and keep it up to date. This shares the same approach as health and safety risk assessments and can be carried out either as part of an overall risk assessment or as a separate exercise. To help prevent fire in the workplace, your risk assessment should identify what could cause a fire to start, i.e.
sources of ignition (heat or sparks) and substances that burn, and the people who may be at risk.
Consideration of likelihood AND severity
types of injury or ill health
The likelihood of serious injury is high due to hot work operation near burnable materials.
I set the category when suggesting the severity in following way:
Minimal: no injury or damage happened.
Minor: injury happened requiring the first aid treatment and/or unimportant damage to the
how widespread the risk is building
The severity rating for this hazard is set as Major because welding splashes come in to contact with burnable material and can cause fire and it is probably that injury of the worker will require hospital treatment eg. burn injuries
There are approximately fifteen workers and are at risk. General public is also at risk.
Gas welding is being performed by workers in the repair facility. There are gas cans and other burning materials, such as plastic or wood, near the work area that may catch fire.
Gas welding activity is carried out in two shifts of 8 hours daily.
The risk is present in the whole workplace.
How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include:
the intended impact of the action;
justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk
assessment; and
whether you think the action will fully control the risk
We will reduce the risk of fire by keeping the welding area well ventilated and free of harmful gases. This behaviour would have a significant effect on the organisation. This would minimise the risk of major burn burns as a result of a fire crash. The action would make for safe working conditions.
I've set a time of two weeks for this to be done. I'm giving this time so the finance manager will consent on this action and assign funds to provide a properly ventilated welding field.
I'm hoping that this action will be taken as scheduled and in the shortest period of time possible.
The action will maximum control the risk of fire as Make the welding area proper ventilated and make it free from any toxic gas .Action with suitable controls can help to provide the fully control the risk.
Justification for action 2
Action (Taken from column 4 of risk assessment)
To increase fall prevention, a fall arrestor system must also be provided. (Hazard category:
Fall from height)
Specific legal arguments ILO C167 - Safety and Health in Construction Convention, 1988 (No. 167) article 14 required that that adequate and suitable control measures should be taken for control the risk of fall from height.
work activities cannot avoid then there will be provision of reasonable and practicable control measures. Where the work at height activities running on there should be prevent falls controls and should be workplace safe and the type of equipment should also be according to standard to minimize consequences of a fall by using the right type of equipment.
Consideration of likelihood AND severity
types of injury or ill health
number of workers at risk
how often the activity is carried out
how widespread the risk is
The likelihood of serious personal injury is high due to fall from height because workers are working on height without fall arrestor system.
Please see the justification 1 for severity category. The severity rating for this hazard is set as Major because Owing to a fall from a great height, even minor neglect can cause physical injuries such as bone rupture, bruising, head or neck damage, and rib fracture and it is probably that injury of the worker will require hospital treatment eg bone rupture, bruising
Two worker work on height to change the bulb and are at risk.
Worker was alone on the monkey ladder changing light bulbs in the store room without a fall arrestor mechanism and was in danger of fall height. Activity is carried out in two shifts of 8 hours.
The risk is present at the working at height activity and affects workers only that are working on height.
How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include:
the intended impact of the action;
justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk
assessment; and
whether you think the action will fully control the risk
To improve safety, we will reduce the chance of a fall from a height by installing a fall arrestor system. Since a personal fall arrest system is a mechanism that safely prevents (arrests) a worker who falls from a working floor, this reduces the risk of severe personal injury. It is constructed from an anchor, connectors, and a body belt.
I have given 1-week time scale for this to be completed. I gave this time because this action will be agreed by the area manager and allocate budged to purchase fall arrestor system.
The action will maximum control the risk of fall from height as A fall arrestor system must also be provided to improve fall safety. Action with suitable controls can help to provide the fully control the risk.
Specific legal arguments ILO C170 - Chemicals Convention, 1990 (No. 170) article 6 required that, To deter, reduce, or remove occupational health hazards, all appropriate and practical steps should be taken to substitute sterile or less risky chemicals, procedures, or techniques for unsafe
ingredients, practises, or techniques, to avoid radioactive material contamination and protect personnel from adverse radiations, and to carry out hazardous operations. When a worker is at risk of being exposed to a chemical, physical, or biological reaction that may be hazardous to his or her health, proper precautions must be taken.
R177 - Chemicals Recommendation, 1990 (No. 177) required that, To the greatest extent possible, smoke, gas leakage, dust, and any other noxious or unhealthy impurities that may be produced during work should be avoided or made harmless.
Consideration of likelihood AND severity
types of injury or ill health
number of workers at risk
how often the activity is carried out
how widespread the risk is
The likelihood of serious ill health of the worker is high due to inhaling chemicals and particles of spray and paint.
Please see the justification 1 for severity category. The severity rating for this hazard is set as major. Because during working activity workers inhale paint fumes and smell and debris that cause ill health and different disease and it is probably that injury of the worker will require hospital treatment eg asthma and lung cancer.
There are ten workers carrying this activity and are at risk.
Employees’ inhale chemicals and particles of spray and paint while painting and polishing objects. Staff polished and painted the fabrics and finished products. When applying paint for polishing, they inhale paint gases, odours, and waste, which can aggravate asthma, respiratory infections, and chronic bronchitis, and long-term use can lead to lung cancer.
Activity is carried out in two shifts of 8 hours.
The risk is present where the workers perform painting and polishing and affects workers only that are working on this activity.
How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include:
the intended impact of the action;
Staff cannot inhale paint fumes if the spray booth is designed and exhaust fans are used to provide a ventilated spray-painting atmosphere in the workplace. This limits the number of fumes and paint particles inhaled, as well as the risk and length of time spent inhaling.
fully control the risk the budget. I'm hoping that this will take the longest period of time to complete.
The action will maximum control the risk of respiratory issue as Build the spray booth and mount exhaust fans to have a ventilated spray-painting environment. The action with other controls will fully control the risk of serious ill health of the workers.
Part 4: Review, communicate and check
Suggested word counts for each section:
Planned review date or period and reasoning for this: 50 - 100 words
How the risk assessment findings will be communicated and who needs to know the information: 100 - 150 words
Follow up on the risk assessment: 100 - 150 words.
Planned review date/period with
reasoning UNITED PAK COMPANY ’s risk assessment policy demands for a one-year review, so I have set the review date after one year. The risk assessment will be reviewed on August 22, 2024. Risk assessment can be reviewed before the planned date if there is any changes in number of workers, significant number of minor accidents in the plant, the installation of advanced technology and appliances, developments in work practises and organisational changes.
How the risk assessment findings will be
communicated AND who you need to tell I'll arrange a meeting with the HSE manager and the Operational Manager to go over and negotiate the risk-assessment actions I proposed, and then I'll include a list of conclusions and risk-area actions (this meeting will be emailed initially, with follow-up if necessary).).
The findings of this risk assessment will be incorporated into the training plan and shown on numerous notice boards. The conclusions of the risk assessment will be included in the next tool box chat, and I'll send them to all relevant departments by email or company intranet, where I'll also advice the staff on next steps. The vulnerability analysis and recommended steps will be reviewed and posted on the business intranet and notice boards for all employees to see.
How you will follow up on the risk assessment to check that the actions have been carried out
I'll schedule alerts for 15 days until the action is due. I'll check in with the appropriate parties and see how far each segment has advanced. If the operation is on time, or what challenges and excuses are impeding mission completion. If all of the assignments are not
employer by the financial officer.
