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5/31/2021 Volume 18 No. 3 September 2018
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Front Matter (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/21775) Views: 425 (#) |
| DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.i-v (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.i-v) Published: 28 Sep 2018.
i- v
Research Article
IMPROVEMENT OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION BY USING Saccharomyces cerevisiae [Meyen ex E.C. Hansen]
IMMOBILIZED ON PRETREATED SUGARCANE BAGASSE (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/15114)
Sita Heris Anita, Wibowo Mangunwardoyo, Yopi Yopi Views: 556 (#) |
| Language: EN (#) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.2.108-112 (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.2.108-112)
Received: 4 Jul 2017; Published: 28 Sep 2018.
PDF (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/15114/14457
127-13
Kinetic Study and Optimization of the Most In uential Factor on Batch-Extraction of Gingerol from Fresh Ginger (Zingiber of cinale) Rhizomes by Using n-Hexane as a Solvent
(https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/20211) Margaretha Praba Aulia, Fitra Pradhita, Andri Cahyo Kumoro,
Marcelinus Christwardana, H. Hargono Views: 470 (#) |
| Language: EN (#) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.136-142 (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.136-142)
Received: 10 Sep 2018; Published: 28 Sep 2018.
PDF (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/20211/14458
136-14
The In uence of Foaming Agent and Cake Thickness on the Drying Process Tomatoes Using a Tray Dryer
(https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/16495) Tri Hariyadi, Herry Santoso, Judy Retti Witono
Views: 411 (#) |
| Language: EN (#) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.143-148 (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.143-148)
Received: 8 Nov 2017; Published: 28 Sep 2018.
PDF (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/16495/14488
143-14
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Puri ed with Activated Charcoal of Salak Peel
(https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/21311) Luqman Buchori, Dinda Labibah Ubay, Khonsa Syahidah Views: 535 (#) |
| Language: EN (#) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.149-154 (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.149-154)
Published: 28 Sep 2018.
PDF (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/21311/14518
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5/31/2021 Volume 18 No. 3 September 2018
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Reaction Kinetics in Conversion Process of Pineapple Leaves into Glucose
(https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/16728) Muhaimin Muhaimin, Beta Wulan Febriana, Septian Arfan Views: 420 (#) |
| Language: ID (#) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.155-159 (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.155-159)
Received: 4 Dec 2017; Published: 28 Sep 2018.
PDF (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/16728/14577
155-159
Hydrogen Sul de Removal from Biogas Using Digester Ef uent Absorbent in a Continuous Vertical Column
(https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/17182) Sunu Herwi Pranolo, Paryanto Paryanto, Margono Margono,
Bachtiar Rizaldy, Hendrix Yansah Views: 461 (#) |
| Language: EN (#) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.160-165 (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.160-165)
Received: 9 Jan 2018; Published: 28 Sep 2018.
PDF (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/17182/14578
160-16
Removal of COD & NH3 from Produced Water using
Modi ed Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands (HSCW)
(https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/19341) Agus Jatnika Effendi, Regi Risman Sandi
Views: 371 (#) |
| Language: EN (#) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.166-170 (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.166-170)
Received: 29 Jun 2018; Published: 28 Sep 2018.
PDF (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/19341/14579
166-170
EFFECT OF VARIATION OF MIXTURE LEACHATE WITH FLUID IN CATTLE RUMEN FORMATION OF BIOGAS (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/16455)
Edhi Sarwono, Rika Endata, Budi Nining Widarti Views: 1012 (#) |
| Language: EN (#) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.171-175 (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.171-175)
Received: 3 Nov 2017; Published: 28 Sep 2018.
PDF (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/16455/14580
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Back Matter
Back Matter (https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/reaktor/article/view/21776) W Widayat
Views: 1170 (#) |
| DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.18.03.xxx-xxx (https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.03.xxx-xxx)
Published: 28 Sep 2018.
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Reaktor, Vol. 18 No. 3, September Year 2018, pp. 149-154
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Purified with Activated Charcoal of Salak Peel
Luqman Buchori
*), Dinda Labibah Ubay, and Khonsa Syahidah
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang
Telp./Fax: +62247460058 / +622476480675
*)Coresponding author: [email protected] (Received: Juni 15, 2018 ; Accepted: September 5, 2018)
Abstract
Biodiesel is one of diesel fuel alternative made from renewable resources such as vegetable oils and animal fats. One of the natural ingredients that can be used as a material in the production of biodiesel is waste cooking oil (WCO).
Biodiesel from WCO can be made through a transesterification reaction using a CaO catalyst. Free fatty acid (FFA) content in WCO needs to be reduced by activated charcoal adsorption. This research aims to determine the optimum time of adsorption by activated charcoal that made from salak peel and to determine the effect of transesterification temperature on biodiesel yield. The results showed that the FFA content of WCO decrease from 6.16% to 0.224%
with adsorption time is 80 minutes and 10 gram of activated charcoal. Biodiesel yield increase by increasing transesterification temperature. The appropriate temperature is 50oC with 86.40% of yield, 887.2 kg/m3 of density, 5.174 mm2/s of kinematic viscosity and acid number 0.421 mg KOH/gram sample. The composition of alkyl ester was obtained 65.54% with a fatty acid alkyl ester (FAAE) yield of 56.63%.
Keywords: activated charcoal; biodiesel; salak peel; transesterification temperature; waste cooking oil
How to Cite This Article: Buchori, L., Ubay, D.L., and Syahidah, K., (2018), Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Purified with Activated Charcoal of Salak Peel, Reaktor, 18(3), 149-154, http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/
reaktor.18.3.149-154
INTRODUCTION
Energy consumption is something that cannot be released in various fields such as transportation, power generation, industrial processes, and households. Oil fuel is still the most consumed energy compared to others. In 2014, the average fuel oil consumption was around 1.01 billion barrels per day and is estimated to increase by 4% per year. Meanwhile, national crude oil production in 2014 was only 795.5 thousand barrels per day (ESDM, 2014). As we know, fuel oil is very limited and non-renewable so that alternative energy is required to overcome the energy crisis.
Currently, alternative energy developed in Indonesia is biofuels. The development of biofuel as an energy alternative is driven by President Instruction or Instruksi Presiden (Inpres) number 1 the year of 2006 concerning the Provision and Utilization of biofuel as other fuels. In the national energy policy, the government targets the use of biofuels to reach 5% of national energy consumption (Murtiningrum and Firdaus, 2015). One of the biofuels developed in Indonesia is biodiesel.
Biodiesel is a mono alkyl ester which contains a chain of long fatty acids produced from the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils or animal
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Reaktor, Vol. 18 No. 3, September Year 2018, pp. 129-135
Improvement of Bioethanol Production by Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae [Meyen ex E.C. Hansen] Immobilized on Pretreated
Sugarcane Bagasse
Sita Heris Anita
1,*), Wibowo Mangunwardoyo
2), and Yopi
3)1)Research Center for Biomaterial, LIPI
Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong, Bogor 1691, Telp./Fax. (021) 87914511/(021) 87914510
2)Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia Pondok Cina, Beji, Kota Depok, Jawa Barat 16424
3)Research Center for Biotechnology, LIPI
Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Telp./Fax. (021) 8754587/(021) 8754588
*)Corresponding author: [email protected]
(Received: July 04, 2017 Accepted: August 24, 2018)
Abstract
Pretreated of sugarcane bagasse was used as a carrier for immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Pretreatments were carried out by steaming, pressurized steam, and combination both of procedure. The objectives of this research was to investigate the effect of pretreatment on sugarcane bagasse to cells adsorption and bioethanol production. Immobilization process was conducted in a ratio of 2.5 g carrier/50 mL cell suspension.
Whole cell biocatalyst as much as 1% (w/v) was used as inoculum for bioethanol fermentation. The best pretreated sugarcane bagasse for carrier of immobilized cells was obtained using steam treatment for 30 minutes. Those treatment improved the physical properties of carrier and increased the cell retention up to 10.05 mg/g. The use of whole cell biocatalyst after steaming pretreatment also enhanced ethanol yield 1.5 times higher than control.
Keywords: bioethanol; immobilization; pretreatment; steam treatment; sugarcane bagasse
How to Cite This Article: Anita, S.H., Mangunwardoyo, W., and Yopi, (2018), Improvement of Bioethanol Production by Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae [Meyen ex E.C. Hansen] Immobilized on Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse, Reaktor, 18(3), 129-127, http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.3.129-135.
INTRODUCTION
Ethanol production using immobilized cells has been investigated during the last decades. Productivity of bioethanol by using immobilized cells becomes two or three times higher along with the increasing of cell density (Singh et al., 2013). Cells immobilization is defined as a form of physical entrapment or localization of whole cell into a specific space (Kourkoutas et al., 2004). This technology is known as an alternative to enhance productivity of bioethanol
with minimum of production cost (Santos et al., 2008;
Razmovski and Vucurovic, 2012; Kridponpattara and Phisalaphong, 2013).
Technology of cells immobilization is divided into four types, namely flocullation, encapsulation, entrapment into porous matrix, and adsorption on solid substrate (Kourkoutas et al., 2004; Verbelen et al., 2006). Immobilization process by adsorption cell on lignocellulosic biomass is considered to be
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Reaktor, Vol. 18 No. 3, September Year 2018, pp. 155-159
Reaction Kinetics in Conversion Process of Pineapple Leaves into Glucose
Muhaimin
*), Beta Wulan Febriana, and Septian Arfan
Chemical Education of Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Universitas Islam Indonesia Jl. Kaliurang KM 14,5, Sleman, Yogyakarta
*)Coresponding author: [email protected] (Received: December 04, 2017; Accepted: March 16, 2018)
Abstract
This research aimed to determine the reaction kinetics in the process of hydrolysis of pineapple leaves. The experiment was carried out at the temperature (60, 90, and 120oC) and variation of acid catalyst concentration (0.1; 0.5 and 1 M) by observation reaction time every 30 min. The kinetics model of hydrolysis reactions of pineapple leaves has shown first order reaction with activation energy value to find the concentration of sulfuric acid successively: 0.1 M;
-15420 KJ/mol; 0,5 M; 3173.8 KJ/mol; 1 M; 100.53 KJ/mol. The reaction rate constant which produced the highest glucose level was on the use of sulfuric acid at a concentration of 0.1 M at a temperature of 120oC with glucose levels produced between 26.366.039 ppm to 155.510.778 ppm with k = 0.0106/min.
Keywords: glucose; hydrolysis; kinetic model; pineapple leaves
How to Cite This Article: Muhaimin, Febriana, B.W., and Arfan, S., (2018), Reaction Kinetics in Conversion Process of Pineapple Leaves into Glucose, Reaktor, 18(3), 155-159, http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.3.155-159
INTRODUCTION
The conversion of cellulose to glucose as a raw material for making bioethanol is an alternative in obtaining raw materials for renewable energy sources.
To find out the good conditions in the conversion of raw materials, kinetic data is required. The systematic study of cellulose hydrolysis kinetics against glucose was carried out in 1945 by Saeman. The hydrolysis reaction is modeled using a first-order reaction (Joksimovic and Markovic, 2007). The Kinetics model of reaction for glucose decomposition is influenced by several factors, one of them is temperature. The kinetics model of this reaction can accurately check the rate constants at various acid concentrations including dilute acids (Xiang et al., 2004). The temperature and concentration of the acid greatly influence the rate of cellulose hydrolysis and the conversion of glucose
produced. In general, glucose levels will increase with increasing hydrolysis temperature and acid concentration used (Ajani et al., 2011). Dilute acid can be used as a catalyst in the hydrolysis process. The dilute acids commonly used are H2SO4, HCl, HF, or CH3COOH. These dilute acids can break the heterocyclic ether bond between the sugar monomers in the polymer chain formed by hemicellulose and cellulose. The breakdown of these bonds can release several compounds, especially xylose, glucose and arabinose (Aguilar et al., 2002).
There are several steps in the process of hydrolysis using acid. The reaction begins with a proton that comes from an acid that interacts quickly with glycosidic oxygen that connects two units of glucose, forming a conjugate acid. Then the process is followed by the termination of the C-O bond and the destruction
Biodiesel Production from
Waste Cooking Oil Purified with Activated Charcoal of Salak Peel
by Luqman Buchori
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4 < 1 %
5 < 1 %
6 < 1 %
7 < 1 %
8 < 1 %
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Purified with Activated Charcoal of Salak Peel
ORIGINALITY REPORT
PRIMARY SOURCES
link.springer.com
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www.ripublication.com
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Submitted to Universitas Diponegoro
Student Paper
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Geraldin M. W. Lengai, James W. Muthomi.
"Biopesticides and Their Role in Sustainable
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Agricultural Production", Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 2018
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Indrasukma Permanadewi, Andri Cahyo
Kumoro, Dyah Hesti Wardhani, Nita Aryanti.
"Mathematical Approach for Estimation of Alginate-Iron Salt Solutions Viscosity at Various Solid Concentrations and
Temperatures", Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal, 2021
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Publication
Submitted to Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
Student Paper
docplayer.net
Internet Source
www.longdom.org
Internet Source
www.ukm.my
15 < 1 %
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Exclude quotes Off Exclude bibliography On
Exclude matches Off
Internet Source
S. Niju, J. Indhumathi, K. M. Meera Sheriffa Begum, N Anantharaman. " : a highly active environmentally benign catalyst for the
transesterification process ", Biofuels, 2016
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Internet Source
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FINAL GRADE
/0
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Purified with Activated Charcoal of Salak Peel
GRADEMARK REPORT
GENERAL COMMENTS