The Making of Heat Killed Vaccine of Aeromonas hydrophila and Determining Its Effect On Immunity of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Student: Maya Fitriyanti
Degree program In Microbiology, School of Life Sciences and Technology-ITB, email: [email protected]
Advisors: Dr. Dea Indriani Astuti1
1School of Life Sciences and Technology ITB, email: [email protected]
Degree: Degree Sains (S.Si), Conferred July 2008
Abstract
Vaccination is an alternative treatment for diseases of Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) on nile tilapia culture (Oreochromis niloticus). The pathogen of this disease is Aeromonas hydrophila. The aims of this research were to make bacterial vaccine of Aeromonas hydrophila strain 26 that is heat inactivated (heat killed vaccine) and determine the effect of vaccines on a specific immunity of tilapia with immersion method. The Bacteria that was used as a seed for the vaccine is a collection of Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar (BPRBAT), Bogor. Red tilapia (red nifi) with 20 grams of weight were used in this research. The fish were immersed for 30 minutes in vaccine with different initial cell concentration of 107 cells/mL, 109 cells/ mL, 1011 cells/mL, and 1013 cells/ml. Blood serum from groups of vaccinated fish and non- vaccinated fish (as control group) were taken before vaccination, one week after vaccination, and two weeks after vaccination. The serum was used to determine antibody titre using direct agglutination method. Two weeks after vaccination, challenge test on groups of vaccinated fish and non-vaccinated fish by intramuscular injection was performed using suspension of live A. hydrophila-26 at a concentration of 1011 cells/mL.
Parameter observed was antibody titre and Survival Rate. This research indicated that there was an increasing of antibody titre before vaccination, the first week and the second week after the vaccination. A vaccination with heat-killed vaccine A. hydrophila- 26 concentration of 1011 cells/mL and 1013 cells/mL reached the highest antibody titre since the first week after vaccination while vaccination with heat-killed vaccine A.
hydrophila-26 concentration of 107 cells/mL and 109 cells/mL reached the highest antibody titre on two week after vaccination. Based on the result of challence test after two-week vaccination, there was the difference in immunity between nile tilapila treated with heat-killed vaccine A. hydrophila-26 and without vaccine. Survival Rate of tilapia treated with heat-killed vaccine A. hydrophila-26 with concentration of 107 cells/mL, 109 cells/mL, 1011 cells/mL, 1013 cells/mL and without vaccine was successcively 60%, 70%, 80%, 80% and 40 %. Based on the determination of antibody titre and survival rate,
heat-killed vaccine A. hydrophila-26 concentration of 1011 cells/mL was the most efficient vaccine with the effectiveness vaccine of 66,67 %.
Key Words: heat killed vacine, A. hydrophila, nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), antibody titre
