They identified a significant association with MS susceptibility for a single variation in one of the three genes - the IL7R alpha chain. Some of the lining cells invade the heart muscle and collect the coronary vasculature.
Best friends and partners
We had a tremendous amount of science telling us what to do to help people with heart disease and stroke, but there were enormous barriers for patients to get the real care they needed." There were enormous inequalities in health care and the opportunities for people to have good health care.
Spreading the word
The Children's Hospital NICU, regardless of where they are born, is among the best in the country. The Center for Advanced Maternal-Fetal Care is one of only three such centers in the United States.
GATEWAY T O
The study showed that high levels of estrogen alter the expression of implantation-related genes in the uterus, eliminating uterine receptivity to the embryo. Das and colleagues found that low levels of kepone -- but not of the other two compounds -- have potent estrogenic effects due to the enhancing actions of a naturally occurring protein in the body called Bip.
However, we did not know how COX-2 is regulated in the uterus at the site of implantation. Recently, Dey's team found that more than two dozen microRNAs show differential expression in the receptive uterus during implantation.
GENETIC DIAGNOSIS
GOES
IN UTERO
THE COMPLEXITY OF
These mice will allow a closer study of the role of the immune system in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. Osteen has recently linked the failure of progesterone to an increased sensitivity to pro-inflammatory signaling compounds, called cytokines; this increased sensitivity may promote earlier than normal breakdown of endometrial tissue during menstruation and may have a role in the development of the disease. Osteen and Bruner-Tran said half of their current efforts in the lab are about understanding the role the environmental toxin dioxin may have in endometriosis.
Bruner-Tran's refinement of mice as a disease model for endometriosis will be increasingly useful in the next chapter of research. Back in the laboratory, Osteen and Bruner-Tran took note of Eisenberg's success with fish oil and began to study the mechanisms of its action. They are particularly interested in the ability of fish oil to moderate the impact of dioxin exposure.
Endometriosis occurs when fragments of the lining of the uterus become displaced and attach to other places in the body.
EASY ON THE
Jen Risper of Moreno Valley, California, knows what it takes to fight back from an ACL injury. But she recovered and was able to return for her senior year, and the team went on to win a championship title. Her second injury, to the right knee, happened on her second day on the Vanderbilt campus.
Another player sprained her knee during a basketball game, and she faced her second ACL surgical reconstruction in less than two years. I was very determined to come back and play that same year,” she says, which she did after an intense rehab effort. She has played basketball since fourth grade, but says she didn't know about the higher risk of ACL injury for young women until she experienced it herself.
He believes the girls could benefit from learning playing techniques that could help reduce the likelihood of an ACL injury, but believes the training needs to start early to be most effective.
FEMALE ATHLETES TODAY MAY PLAY AS HARD AS THEIR MALE COUNTERPARTS, BUT
"Most gurus think this is the best model for degenerative arthritis in everyone," says Spindler. Maybe it's something they can use differently in their lives,” she suggests, perhaps to protect themselves from injury in everyday situations like slipping and falling. One way to bond with teammates is through the basketball court, and that part has been taken out of the equation.
I think it can affect you in all areas, but it's really up to you to make the most of it,” she notes. An ACL injury can have far-reaching effects, as many patients who have a good repair outcome will nevertheless go on to develop osteoarthritis at a young age. They did it playing sports," said Spindler, director of the Vanderbilt Sports Medicine Center and Orthopedic Patient Care Center, and Vanderbilt's lead team physician for NCAA Division I varsity athletes.
To get these patients back into action, ACL reconstruction is done about 90 percent of the time, Spindler says.
WHILE RESEARCHERS HAVE IDENTIFIED WAYS TO HELP THESE ACTIVE YOUNG
In addition, Spindler is leading a separate research study that will evaluate the outcome of patients requiring a second ACL surgery. Aside from ACL injuries, men and women tend to experience musculoskeletal wear and tear in much the same way, Spindler says. There are some strategies that have some scientific basis to prevent these injuries,” says Spindler.
With proper training methods, women can learn to bend their knees and use their hamstrings more to reduce the chance of ACL injury, she says. Coming in as a freshman, you expect a lot from yourself and you want to do a lot,” says Risper. The ACL, which runs diagonally across the middle of the knee, prevents the tibia from sliding out in front of the femur and stabilizes the joint during rotation.
It's a very good short-term result," says Spindler, and patients can usually return to playing sports.
FEMALES GUARD AGAINST THIS LIGAMENT INJURY, THE UNDERLYING EXPLANATION OF
Researchers are trying to figure out what factors influence this outcome in hopes of learning how to better treat ACL injuries, says Spindler, who is leading a $1.2 million-funded study. Although these research efforts are focused on ACL injuries, what scientists learn from them is expected to have broader benefits. And he advises that those young female athletes can reduce their chances of an ACL injury by, ironically, learning to play more like a boy.
It appears that women land by jumping, twisting and turning, and use their thigh muscles differently than men during exercise. Although young women are more susceptible, patients of all ages who participate in certain sports – especially basketball, football, skiing and soccer – are prone to ACL injuries. However, for reasons that are still unclear, about 50 to 60 percent of these patients will develop osteoarthritis very early — often about 10.
Although Leanne Busby has been a nurse for 35 years, she ignored the numbness in her arms, shortness of breath and nausea she often experienced on her late-night drives from Cumberland University, where she was the dean of the School of Nursing.
ACT ♥
To avoid unnecessary surgeries and the absence of a blood test, researchers at Vanderbilt turned to imaging as a tool to detect ovarian cancer in its earliest stages. Fleischer, a professor of radiology and radiological sciences, was trying to find a way to provide this early warning system to ovarian cancer patients. For other women, taking birth control pills may reduce the risk of ovarian cancer.
I think by the time people get advanced cancer, there are so many things going on in those cells that are so destructive and so fundamental to cell function that maybe this is the wrong target," Crispens said. Scientists have discovered that most cases of cervical cancer are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases.Doctors are using colposcopy to identify abnormal blood vessel patterns in the surface epithelium of the cervix.
Measuring those proteins in the blood could be the first step in determining which patients need a contrast-enhanced pelvic ultrasound to determine if they have a tumor and hopefully to detect ovarian cancer at its earliest stages.
BONE
Bobo Tanner, MD, assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Rheumatology and the Division of Allergy and Immunology. Although osteoporosis can occur at any age, middle-aged women are particularly susceptible to it, as they lose up to 20 percent of their bone mass in the first five to seven years after menopause. A hip replacement can cost up to $75,000, he explains, an amount that dwarfs the cost of preventive medications that could help prevent hip fractures.
The first drug approved in the United States specifically to treat osteoporosis, a bisphosphonate labeled as Fosamax, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1995. In the pill form commonly taken to lower cholesterol, little of the drug escapes the liver . to reach the bone. The great need in osteoporosis is a treatment that will restore bone loss that has been lost,” says Mundy, who is a professor of medicine in the department of clinical pharmacology and also holds appointments in pharmacology.
In the future, Tanner believes, new imaging techniques may produce virtual bone biopsies that will foster a better understanding of bone structure and the limitations and effects of current treatments, which could allow for greater individualization of care.
The isolation of urinary
Smith suffered from stress incontinence, the more common of the two main types of incontinence. It is because of the variety of causes of incontinence that urologists and urogynecologists at Vanderbilt work together and sometimes perform different procedures on the same patient. One of the first procedures to repair stress incontinence was the Burch urethropexy, a more invasive procedure that originated with Vanderbilt's John C.
A sling is formed by taking a piece of the abdominal tissue (fascia) or synthetic material. The chair will be used to recruit and retain an outstanding clinical leader of the breast cancer program. A surgical oncologist with a national reputation will be targeted as the first recipient of the Hall Chair.
This book is also a reminder of the growth and contributions of the Canby Robinson Society (CRS).
VUSM
I felt and feel immensely happy for the honor,” he said of the scholarship. He is the director of the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, a position he has held since 1995, and is dually appointed to the Department of Medicine and Pediatrics. After serving as director of sports medicine at the University of Colorado Department of Orthopedics, he is now director of the Aspen Foundation Sports Fellowship.
Jordan, M.D., MD'81, is medical director of the heart failure program at Riverside Methodist Hospital in Columbus, Ohio. Bass, professor of pharmacology, has been named deputy director of the Center for Molecular Neuroscience (CMN). Ladd Medal at the 2007 American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference in San Francisco.
David Robertson, M.D., Elton Yates Professor of Medicine, Pharmacology and Neurology, and director of the Elliott V. Arnold Strauss, M.D., who served as chairman of the Department of Pediatrics and medical director of the Monroe Carell Jr. He was the founder and medical director of the School of X-Ray Technology at Paducah Community College.
