Vokatif ini digunakan oleh penutur pria dan wanita untuk pasangan pria dan wanita. Biasanya digunakan dengan posesif pada orang pertama. Digunakan oleh penutur pria dan wanita untuk lawan bicara pria dan wanita.
Ideology in Tourism Discourse: A CDA Study
- Introduction
- Literature Review, Concept, and Theoretical Framework 1 Literature review
- Theoretical Framework
- Research Method
- Discussion
- Discourse Strategy
- Ideology in Tourism Discourse
- Conclusion and Suggestion
The discourse strategy in the form of passivation strategy is shown in the sentence structure in the data 1. Control of ideas and information is done through the text used in the tourism discourse.
Inappropriate Translation of English Cursing on Box Office Films On Movie Theatre and Tv and Its Relationship with KPI’s
Broadcasting Standard Program along with Viewers’
Understanding towards Cursing
Method
The present writer watches the films that are the subject of the research and writes down the English curse words along with them. The collected data is compared with the data on the level of offense of English cursing by Sapolsky et al (2008) and the data on the level of offense of Indonesian cursing by the present author (Nugraha, 2013).
Discussion
To properly convey the message or intent of the source language, these curse words must be translated into the target language curse words that belong to the same level of offensiveness. Many parties involved in the broadcasting world may not be concerned with such an issue, but unfortunately this phenomenon leads to a misunderstanding of the English swearing concept, especially among young viewers.
Conclusion
From the previous research by the present author, it is confirmed that 76.67% of the young viewers know English swearing from western movies and 56.67% of them 'reuse' it for prestige reasons in daily conversations, even without understanding the concept and fully understand the meaning of the English curse used (Nugraha, 2014).
Metalinguistic Awareness in Parenting Styles and Child’s Language Development
Theoretical Framework
Many linguists, especially nativists, have said that language development in children is a miracle observed without direct instruction and intensive practice from their parents. Contrary to nativists' approach in terms of innate hypotheses, many linguists believed that language development in children is nurturing in that it is given, taught and learned. With the thoughts of human language development, capacity to learn language as well as the role of the environment's involvement in child's language development related to Skinner's theory of Verbal Behavior, the researcher tries to carry out this study.
The implication is further discussed to improve metalinguistic awareness in parenting styles, especially in relation to the materials and methods or techniques that parents can implement to improve and control the child's language development.
Method
According to Brown (1980), Skinner's theory of verbal behavior was an extension of his general theory of learning by "operant conditioning." Although Skinner's theory came under attack and criticism, particularly by Chomsky (1959), who published a highly critical review of Verbal Behavior, few linguists and psycholinguists today would agree that Skinner's model of verbal behavior accounts for enough (1) for the ability to acquire language. (2) about the development of language itself, (3) about the abstract nature of language, and (4) about a theory of meaning. Therefore, this research is very important to provide useful knowledge for teachers, parents and language researchers about the involvement of the surrounding environment, especially parents and families in the language development of children.
Specifically, the researcher investigated whether parents need metalinguistic awareness, which simply means the ability to think about and talk about language, in their parenting styles and how they deal with their child's language development.
Result and Discussion
Although in some cases the researcher used the way of communication according to the language capacity of each child as set in the child's language development stages and behavior as parameters. On the other hand, table 2 describes language development and behavioral observation and intervention results of children with full-time mothers, who have more frequent interaction. Shakes her body when listening to the music Language development and behavior with/after intervention.
Furthermore, the stage of each child in language development and behavior is not the same.
Perpindahan Manusia dan Perubahan Toponimi di Kawasan Pesisir Jambi
- Toponimi dalam Konteks Lanskap
- Kawasan Pesisir Jambi Sebagai Lokasi Transmigrasi
- Eksplorasi Tempat-Tempat Baru
- Konfigurasi Keruangan
- Wilayah Melayu dan
- Wilayah Bugis dan
Mereka menyerahkan hasil jerih payah kepada orang Melayu setempat yang membantu selama bekerja. Kata lain dari “parit” adalah “suak” yang menunjukkan sama-sama buatan manusia 6 Oleh karena itu ada klasifikasi yang jelas dalam sistem pengetahuan orang Melayu antara sungai buatan dan sungai alam. Menurut Pak Sapari, salah seorang pengungsi dari kota Jambi ke Nipahpanjang pada tahun 1943, mereka belajar ilmu membuat kanal dari orang Melayu.
Dari peta tahun 1955 yang sama, terlihat bahwa di dekat kota Muarasabak, 39 kilometer barat daya kota Nipahpanjang, terdapat kanal serupa yang dibuat oleh orang Bugis.
KAWASAN PESISIR
Kesimpulan
Dari uraian di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat toponim baru dan nama lama di pesisir pantai Jambi yang kita kenal sekarang. Sejak tahun 1970-an, nama-nama baru diperkenalkan seiring dengan persiapan Kabupaten Tanjungjabung menjadi daerah transmigrasi. Interaksi budaya antara suku Melayu dan suku pendatang membentuk ikatan bersama secara tidak langsung melalui pengembangan nama lama menjadi nama baru, atau melalui pengenalan nama baru yang tidak terkait dengan nama lama yang dirasakan sebagai hasil dari proses migrasi penduduk. selama hampir 80 tahun.
Dalam proses ini banyak nama yang hilang diganti dengan nama baru, atau ada tempat yang memiliki dua nama menurut pemahaman turun-temurun masing-masing suku.
A Corpus Study of Proverbs Related to Heart from Past to Present
Research Method
The type of this research is qualitative research using corpora and American English Idioms Dictionary as data sources. In addition, corpora (COCA and NOW Corpus) are used to collect data on the transformation and variation of proverbs related to heart. Both of these corpora are used to collect data in the transformation and variation occurring in proverbs related to heart.
After extracting the data from the corpora, the researcher analyzed the data by grouping the transformation and variation of proverbs related to the heart using transformation and variation theory explained by Moon (1998).
Theoretical Review
- Transformation
- Variation
- Transformation of Proverbs Related to Heart
- Variation of Proverbs Related to Heart
- The Case of Diachronic Term in Proverb Related to Heart
Data (3) above show the contradictory meaning and form of the proverb "Absence makes the heart fall in love". Data (5) to (11) below show the variability of lexical usage in the proverb "Absence makes the heart grow fonder". and "The pale heart never won the fair lady." The noun distance in data (5), abstinence in data (6) and death in data (9) are used to replace the noun absence as the subject of the proverb "Absence makes the heart grow fonder."
This specificity and multiplication of data (12) to (16) is addressed to the proverb “Absence makes the heart grow fonder”.
Conclusion
By collecting data from proverbs related to heart from the Dictionary of American English Idioms written by Spears (2005), researcher found a unique datum. As far as this research is concerned, the researcher found no data from corpora that use the archaic lexeme maketh. Further research showed that this lexeme was no longer listed as the lemma in the 8th edition of the Oxford Advanced Learners' Dictionary (Hornby, 2010).
Variation and Change in the Lexicon: A Corpus-based Analysis of Adjective in English Ending with -ic and -ical.
Storytelling of Entrepreneurs in Entrepreneurship Education
Discourse Analysis
The story can have two ways of spreading: 1. The stories and associated discourse units included in the life story have as their primary point the speaker since it is the speaker himself who tells the stories. 2. Stories and associated discourse units are expanded and retold by others over a long period of time. They are unable to provide examples of products related to their field of study. It is better for him to provide students with illustration of simple products related to their field of study.
They are unable to describe and explain innovative products related to their field of expertise.
Acoustical Analysis of Final Question Intonation in English Foreign Learners
Methods
The perception experiment is not conducted in this study, as the purpose of this paper is only to compare the final intonation of native English speakers with the final intonation of native Indonesians who learn English as their foreign language. The subjects of this study are 12th grade vocational students who have only been taught English in school from the basic level. To check whether these subjects can produce the correct final intonation of the questions in English, the control group is used.
Subjects were asked to read 4 sentences in interrogative modes; two sentences with a question mark, the other two sentences are questions with negative words.
Result and Discussion
Below is the native speaker's intonation pattern (pitch contour) with sentences 1 and 3 (tag question) -- "You like the idea of volunteering on vacation, don't you?" (red line) and "You've been on a volunteer vacation, haven't you?" (blue line). Now compare to the native speaker's intonation pattern by saying sentences 2 and 4 (negative - yes/no questions)—"Don't you think it's an interesting idea?" (red line) and "Didn't you find it strange to pay money to work?" (blue line). Below is the image of the intonation pattern of all subjects reading the first sentence: "You like the idea of volunteer vacations, don't you?".
This is evident from the reading results of sentences 2 and 4 (yes/no questions--"Don't you find the idea interesting?" and "Didn't it seem strange to you to pay money to work?") below.
Legal Translation as a Multidisciplinary Linguistic Practice
Translation
She also argues that translation is not only a linguistic act, but also an act of communication. House's definition of translation suggests that translation is not only a linguistic act but also an act of communication. Thus, based on its definition, it can be implied that translation is not simply a linguistic act.
In particular, the translation of legal texts can reinforce the idea that translation is indeed a multidisciplinary activity, for reasons explained in the following pages.
Legal Translation
As the title of the law suggests, this law is only about microfinance in Indonesia. The Indonesian text does not have the word 'shall', but sometimes it is important for the translator to add the word 'shall' in the English translation. When translating these economic terms, it is necessary for the translator to find the meaning of the ST terms first.
However, in many cases the difficulty in translating a legal text may stem from translating those special words/phrases and it is the translator's job to find the most accurate equivalents of those terms.
