Wiendartun 1, Dani Gustaman Syarif 2 - Direktori File UPI

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AMC, Bali 3

AMC, Bali 3--6 Des 20096 Des 2009

Electrical Characteristics of CuFe

Electrical Characteristics of CuFe₂₂OO₄₄ Thick Film Ceramics Thick Film Ceramics With Different Glass Frit Concentrations Fired at 1000

With Different Glass Frit Concentrations Fired at 1000 ^o^oCC for Negative Thermal Coefficient (NTC)

for Negative Thermal Coefficient (NTC) ThermistorThermistor

Wiendartun

¹¹

, , Dani Dani Gustaman Gustaman Syarif Syarif

²²

1)

1) Department of Physics , UPI, Department of Physics , UPI, Jl.DrJl.Dr SetiabudhiSetiabudhi 229 Bandung , 229 Bandung , email: [email protected]

email: [email protected]

2)

2) PTNBR BATAN, PTNBR BATAN, Jl.TamansariJl.Tamansari 71 Bandung , email: [email protected]71 Bandung , email: [email protected]

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INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

R vs T- THERMISTOR

THERMISTOR Thermally Sensitive Resistor.

NTC CHARACTERISTIC PRODUCT EXAMPLES APPLICATIONS

Current limiter thermistor

Specialize Thermistor

Incubator

Computer

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INTRODUCTION

(Continuation)(Continuation) Important

Important electronicelectronic componentcomponent..

-- SectorsSectors:: Biomedical,Biomedical, aerospace,aerospace, instrumentation,instrumentation, communications,

communications, automotiveautomotive andand HVACRHVACR (Heating,(Heating, Ventilation,

Ventilation, AirAir conditioningconditioning andand Refrigeration)Refrigeration)..

--ApplicationApplication :: TemperatureTemperature sensorsensor measurement,measurement, currentcurrent limiter,

limiter, circuitcircuit compensation,compensation, suppressionsuppression ofof inin rushrush-- current,

current, flowflow raterate sensorsensor andand pressurepressure sensorsensor..

It

It isis necessarynecessary toto getget capabilitycapability inin selfself producingproducing thermistor

thermistor byby utilizingutilizing materialmaterial abundantabundant inin IndonesiaIndonesia suchsuch us

us yarositeyarosite mineralmineral ((FeFe₂₂OO₃₃))  CuFeCuFe₂₂OO₄₄ basedbased--thickthick filmfilm forfor NTC

NTC ThermistorThermistor,, withwith glassglass fritfrit concentrationconcentration (( 00;; 22,,55 ;;55 weightweight

%

% )) The

The thermistorthermistor inin thethe formform ofof thickthick filmfilm isis possiblepossible forfor miniaturization

miniaturization andand integrationintegration .. AdvantagesAdvantages :: moremore practical,

practical, profitableprofitable economically,economically, needneed aa fewfew material,material, andand fired

fired atat lawlaw temperaturetemperature..

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YAROSITE MNERAL YAROSITE MNERAL

Asean

Asean Microscopy Conference, (AMC)Microscopy Conference, (AMC) Bali 3

Bali 3--6 Des 20096 Des 2009

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EXPERIMENT : EXPERIMENT :

Crushing Sieving

Mixing

Powder of Fe₂O₃ (derived from yarosite mineral) and CuO

Glass Frit( 0; 2,5; 5 %) Organic vehicle

Paste Mixing

Characterization:

1. Electrical 2. XRD

3. Microstructural (SEM)

Paste

Screen Printing

Firing ( 1000 C)

Thick Film Ceramics Electroding

Flow diagram of the experiment procedure.

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SCREEN PRINTING SCREEN PRINTING

Squeeze

“Screen”

“screen” stress

Hibah BERSAING, 13 Oktober 2008 Hibah BERSAING, 13 Oktober 2008

“snap-off”

distance

Substrate

Coated Film

Paste

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Electrical Characteristic Electrical Characteristic

R = R

₀₀

. Exp.(B/T) . Exp.(B/T) Ln

Ln R = B/T + R = B/T + Ln Ln Ro Ro Ea =

Ea = B.k B.k α =

α = -- B/T B/T

²²

R

R = = ThermistorThermistor resistanceresistance R

R_oo = Resistance at the infinite temperature= Resistance at the infinite temperature BB = = ThermistorThermistor constantconstant

TT = Temperature of = Temperature of thermistorthermistor in Kelvinin Kelvin Ea = Activation energy

Ea = Activation energy

KK = The Boltzmann constant= The Boltzmann constant ΑΑ = Sensitivity of = Sensitivity of thermistorthermistor

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RESULT : RESULT :

Chemical composition of Fe

₂₂

O O

₃₃

powder powder derived from

derived from yarosite yarosite table table

No. Component Concentration (Weight %)

1 Fe₂O₃ 93.80

2 Al₂O₃ 2.54

3 SiO₂ 1.15

4 TiO₂ 1.02

5 MgO 0.19

6 K₂O 0.12

7 CaO 0.59

8 Na₂O 0.50

9 MnO 0.09

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RESULT RESULT Thick Film (

Thick Film ( yarosite yarosite))

Visual appearance Visual appearance

ISC

ISC --UNPAD, 30UNPAD, 30--31 31 OktoberOktober 20082008 Alumina

Alumina SubstratSubstrat Thick film before fired Thick film fired at 1100 C/1 hrThick film before fired Thick film fired at 1100 C/1 hr

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A typical thick film

A typical thick film thermistor thermistor

Sensor Layer

Silver Electrodes

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RESULT (XRD) RESULT (XRD)

(without glass frit concentration)

(with 5,0 % glass frit concentration) (with 2,5 % glass frit

concentration)

XRD profile of CuFe₂O₄ based-thick film

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RESULTS (Microstructure) RESULTS (Microstructure)

Microstructure of the CuFe₂O₄ thick film

(without glass frit concentration) (with 2,5 % glass frit concentration)

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RESULTS RESULTS

(Electrical Characteristics) (Electrical Characteristics)

Ln resistivity () vs 1/T of CuFe

₂

O

₄

thick film ceramics.

The relation between ln Electrical Resistivity and 1/T of CuFe 2O

4 based-thick film fired at 1000oC for 1 hr (with : 0; 2,5 , 5% glass frit concentration)

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RESULTS RESULTS

(Electrical Characteristics) (Electrical Characteristics)

Table of electrical characteristics of CuFe₂O₄ thick film ceramics

(with : 0; 2,5 , 5% glass frit concentration)

.

No.

Frit (%)

B (K)

Alfa (%/K)

R _SR (Mohm)

Market requirement for : B is ≥ 2000 ^oK

 is ≥ 2.2 %/^oK[7]

 _RT = 10 ohm.cm -1 Mohm.cm [4].

1. 0 2215 2,46 6,9

2. 2,5 2547 2,83 9,8

3. 5 2807 3,12 16,7

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CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS

CuFe

CuFe₂₂OO₄₄ thickthick filmfilm ceramicsceramics utilizingutilizing FeFe₂₂OO₃₃ derivedderived fromfrom yarosite

yarosite mineralmineral havehave beenbeen wellwell firedfired atat 10001000^ooCC forfor 11 hourhour..

with

with :: 00;; 22,,55 ,, 55%% glassglass fritfrit concentrationconcentration..

All

All ofof thethe thickthick filmsfilms crystallizecrystallize inin tetragonaltetragonal spinelspinel..

The

The SEMSEM imagesimages showedshowed thatthat thethe effectseffects ofof glassglass fritfrit The

The SEMSEM imagesimages showedshowed thatthat thethe effectseffects ofof glassglass fritfrit concentration

concentration makemake thethe graingrain sizesize waswas smallersmaller....

Electrical

Electrical datadata showedshowed thatthat thethe largerlarger thethe glassglass fritfrit concentration,

concentration, thethe largerlarger thethe :: resistance,resistance, thermistorthermistor constant

constant andand sensitivitysensitivity..

The

The valuevalue ofof thermistorthermistor constantconstant (B)(B) == 22152215--28072807^ooKK andand room

room temperaturetemperature resistanceresistance (R(R_RT_RT)) == 66,,99--1616,,77 MOhmMOhm ofof thethe produced

produced CuFeCuFe₂₂OO₄₄ ceramicsceramics fittedfitted marketmarket requirementrequirement..

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THANK YOU THANK YOU

ACKNOWLEGMENT ACKNOWLEGMENT The

The authorsauthors wishwish toto acknowledgeacknowledge theirtheir deepdeep gratitudegratitude to

to DirectorateDirectorate GeneralGeneral ofof HigherHigher Education(DIKTI),Education(DIKTI), Ministry

Ministry ofof NationalNational EducationEducation ofof IndonesianIndonesian Government

Government forfor financialfinancial supportsupport underunder HIBAHHIBAH Government

Government forfor financialfinancial supportsupport underunder HIBAHHIBAH BERSAING

BERSAING programprogram withwith contractcontract NoNo.. 27842784/H/H..4040/PL//PL/

2009

2009,, 0707 MeiMei 20092009

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