BIOCHEMICAL STATE OF BLOOD IN ANIMALS DURING INTOXICATION OF SOME CLASSES OF PESTICIDES

(1)

International Journal of Medical Science in Clinical Research and Review

Online ISSN: 2581-8945

Available Online at http://www.ijmscrr.in Volume 02|Issue 01|2019|

International Journal of Medical Science in Clinical Research and Review, Volume 02, Issue 01, Page no: 14-17

Page | 14

BIOCHEMICAL STATE OF BLOOD IN ANIMALS DURING INTOXICATION OF SOME CLASSES OF PESTICIDES

Gamal Karimovich Ashirbekov

International Kazakh-Turkish University named after K. A. Yasawi, Turkistan city

Received: January 10, 2019 Accepted: January 21, 2019

*Corresponding Author:

GAMAL KARIMOVICH ASHIRBEKOV

International Kazakh-Turkish University named after K. A.

Yasawi, Turkistan city

In the practice of agro-industrial complex in recent years of great importance is the combined treatment of crops with a mixture of pesticides belonging to different chemical classes and having different type of action [1, 2]. This agricultural technique allows expanding the range of pesticides reduces working time and material costs, prevents environmental pollution.

Keywords: Sumi-alpha, Lontrim, Tobacco dust, intoxication, animals.

Getting into the blood, pesticides distributed unevenly in the body. Drugs, soluble in lipids and fats, usually in large quantities, penetrate into the nerve tissue and in some cases, have a predominant effect on the Central nervous system. In addition, different organs and tissues are not equally sensitive to the action of different pesticides [3, 4, 5].

Currently of great interest to scientists is the multiple polytoxical effect of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides, a representative of a class, which is a drug Sumi-alpha [6]. Scientists researchers found that samples of tobacco dust contain such macro - and microelements as silicon, calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, titanium, tin, Nickel, copper, zirconium, zinc, chromium, sodium, potassium, lithium, phosphorus, iron, vanadium, silver, boron, bismuth, cobalt, etc. [7]. The influence of chlorinated fen oxyacid, which include herbicide Lontrel on the organism of warm-blooded animals and humans are not yet fully understood. In the experiments was found that the level of metabolic processes, dysfunction of the endocrine glands (primarily the adrenal and thyroid cortex) decreases with the intoxication of this group of herbicides [8]. Taking into account the above, and taking into account the lack of information on the impact of complex pesticides on biochemical changes in blood,

becomes relevant in solving the problem – the improvement of the population, and this study is undertaken.

The Aim of the Work:

The aim of this work is to reveal the peculiarities of changes in the biochemical picture of blood in animals during intoxication of different classes of pesticides.

Materials and Methods of Research:

In the experiments were used white rats, mice and rabbits. Strictly observed ethical standards when working with animals. The studies were conducted with intragastric introduction of Sumi-alpha pesticides, tobacco dust and Lontrim for 4 months, with determination of integral (electrophysiological, physiological) and biochemical parameters. Sumi- alpha was administered at a dose of 20% of LD50-15 mg/kg (LD50=75 mg/kg), Lontrim - 134 mg/kg (LD50=670 mg/kg) and tobacco dust at the rate of 3 mg / kg of animal body weight. Control animals were watered with sunflower oil in equivalent quantities.

The recovery period was 1 month. All indicators were also studied 30 days after the cessation of exposure to pesticides to study the dynamics of recovery processes. Biochemical parameters of Introduction

Abstract

(2)

GAMAL KARIMOVICH ASHIRBEKOV: Biochemical State of Blood in Animals During Intoxication of Some Classes of Pesticides

Page | 15

IJMSCRR blood were carried out according to the generally

used laboratory methods. Cholinesterase activity (CF. 3.1.1.7), triglycerides (TG 50), glucose (GLU 250 ES), total lipids (TL 180) IPA 50-423-82, total protein (TR 450 450C S), calcium in the blood, as a control, and experimental animals with the use of a standard set of reagents for Био-ЛА-Тест® PLIVA- Lachema on the spectrophotometer Amersham Biosciences «Ultrоspec® 3300 " in the ultraviolet and visible part of the spectrum. Statistical processing of the material was carried out according to the «student».

Research result:

After 4-month exposure to Sumi-alpha, in the blood serum of experimental rats, the activity of cholinesterase slightly increased, amounted to 158.24±10.94 µcat/l, and the level of triglycerides, calcium, total lipids decreased to 2.14±0.18 mmol/l, 2.05±0.53 mmol/l, 6.55±0.82 g/l, respectively, with the significance of differences p<0.01 to control (cholinesterase activity ranged 156.2±9.91 µcat/l). l, triglyceride level 3,26±0,79 mmol / l, calcium 2.83±0,87 mmol / l, total lipids 7.65±0.48 g / l).

Glucose content increased by 11% compared to the control group (6.41±0.57 mmol / l); total protein remained at the same level – 70.5±3.75 g/l. After the recovery period, cholinesterase activity and triglyceride levels decreased to 144.24±8.94 µcat/l and 0.41±0.06 mmol/l, respectively, calcium, glucose and total protein content increased to 0.75±0.125 mmol/l, 9.87±0.354 mmol/l, and 84.4±4.79 g/l, respectively, compared with the control group. The total lipid content in the blood was maintained at the level of 7.92±0.49 g / l, which corresponded to their content during intoxication. In experimental rabbits the level of all biochemical parameters of blood during 4 months of intoxication decreased from 10 to 34% compared to the control values. After the recovery period, this trend has been preserved - already decreased by 20-50%, indicating a low resistance of these animals to the action of pesticides. When exposed to experimental rats with tobacco dust suspension, the studied biochemical parameters (cholinesterase activity, triglyceride, glucose, calcium, total protein and lipids) increased by 35-90%, while after the recovery period, the activity of cholinesterase and triglyceride levels decreased by 30%, i.e. with a significant difference of p<0.001 or 40%, and the content of glucose, calcium, total protein (81.7±4.6 to 67.6±3.63) and lipids in the blood (9,8±0,36 to 8,3±0,46) on the contrary increased, by 3-36% compared to the control data. Studies of blood serum of experimental rabbits showed that the activity of cholinesterase,

triglyceride, glucose, calcium and lipid levels increased by 109, 124, 114, 129 and 113%, respectively, while the total protein content decreased slightly compared with the control. After the recovery period, the ratio of some indicators returned to the initial state, only the content of glucose and total lipids remained reduced by 15%, i.e. with a difference between p<0.001 or 20%, and the protein level increased by 26%. After 4 months of administration of Lontrim in experimental rats in serum increased the activity of cholinesterase and protein in the blood by 178 and 136%, respectively, with a decrease in triglycerides, glucose, calcium and total lipids from 20% to 30% compared with the control. After the recovery period, on the contrary, calcium and glucose levels increased by 25 and 35%

(p<0.001), and the remaining indicators (cholinesterase activity 167.3±10.51 to 169.7±10.68 µat/l, total protein 57.7±2.94 to 65.1±3.45 and total lipids 6.65±0.58 to 8.2±0.47 g/l) decreased by 2-20%

compared to the control data. There by, the maximum concentration of cholinesterase and triglycerides was observed under the action of Lontrim; total lipids, glucose, calcium and total protein - after the action of tobacco dust. 30-day recovery reduced the activity of cholinesterase, glucose and triglycerides after the action of tobacco dust and Lontrim, calcium – after intoxication with Sumi-alpha. Only in the content of total protein and lipids changes were minor. The results of studies of the isolated action of pesticides showed a more significant negative impact of tobacco dust on the biochemical parameters of blood. In the conditions of the chronic experiment, a cumulative effect was observed due to the multicomponent nature of tobacco dust, which led to significant violations of various body systems, which persisted after the recovery period. Under the combined effect of the mixture of Sumi-alpha + tobacco dust, in experimental rats in blood serum the activity of cholinesterase, triglycerides, glucose, total protein and lipids were high in the blood by 20-100% (total protein and lipids p<0.01 and 0.001), and the calcium content (2.0±0.9 to 3.2±0.81 mmol/l) was significantly reduced compared to the control data.

After the recovery period, the activity of cholinesterase and triglycerides decreased by 42 and 37%, respectively, and the content of other indicators (glucose 9.1±0.41 to 6.6±0.58, calcium 2.5±0.86 to 2.0±0.9 mmol/l, total protein 78.3±4.4 to 75.5±4.2, total lipids 8.0±0.48 to 6.9±0.58 g/l) increased by 3- 38% compared with the control. In the experiments on rabbits, an increase in the activity of cholinesterase by 110%, triglyceride levels by 132%, calcium by 124%, total protein by 111% and lipids

(3)

Page | 16

IJMSCRR by 163% compared to control data was established.

After the recovery period, there was an increase in the blood activity of cholinesterase and total lipids by 40 and 45%, and the level of other studied parameters were within normal limits. During intoxication with a mixture of Sumi-alpha + Lontrim in animals, a long-term increase in the activity of cholinesterase - by 186%, glucose content by 123%, calcium 104%, total protein and lipids by 122%, and a decrease in triglyceride levels by 35%, with a high degree of accuracy of the difference (from p<0.02 to p<0.001) compared with the corresponding indicators of control animals. After recovery, the content of the studied parameters decreased (cholinesterase activity 167.4±10.52 to 169.7±10.68 µcat/l, glucose 8.82±0.43 to 10.0±0.34, triglycerides 0.46±1.0 to 3.26±0.81 mmol/l and total lipids 7.13±0.54 to 8.2±0.47 g / l) by 5-10%, except for calcium and total protein in the blood, whose content increased by 18 and 55%, respectively, compared with the control data. After chronic exposure to a mixture of Sumi-alpha + tobacco dust+Lontrim in rats increased the number of studied parameters-by 13-40% (glucose 8,4±0,45 to 6,2±0,61, total protein 89,6±5,2 to 67,6±3,63, etc.), in addition to the level of calcium, which was reduced by 20% compared with the control. After a 30-day break, the activity of cholinesterase increased by 10%, glucose by 44%

(p<0.002), with a decrease in the level of other indicators. Analysis of the data showed that after combined intoxication with pesticides, the maximum increase in the activity of cholinesterase and calcium was observed when Sumi-alpha + Antrim;

triglycerides and total lipids – with Sumi-alpha + tobacco dust; glucose and total protein – in case of poisoning with 3-d compound. After recovery, the minimal decrease in the activity of cholinesterase was observed in the combination of Sumi-alpha + tobacco dust; triglycerides, calcium-with the combined action of 3 pesticides. It should be noted, that the use of a mixture including tobacco dust causes deeper damage to the functions of higher nervous activity than the effect of the mixture of Sumi-alpha + Lontrim. According to the biochemical analysis of blood serum of experimental animals revealed the state of antagonism of 3 mixtures in relation to the activity of cholinesterase and calcium; their additive effect on the level of triglycerides and total lipids; the phenomenon of synergism of action on the level of glucose; no effect on the level of total protein in the blood. The nature of the manifestations of intoxication indicates the excitation of cholinergic structures of the body, as well as the extremely pronounced ability of pesticides to suppress the activity of cholinesterase,

which suggested that the inhibition of the activity of cholinesterase is one of the main pathogenetic factors of intoxication. Such an ambiguous effect of pesticides on the state of blood biochemistry, ultimately, led to deterioration of the General condition of animals, especially when expressed by the action of 3-component mixture. Was found changes in blood biochemical parameters were deeper after a month's break, which indicates a prolonged effect of the toxic effect of pesticides.

Based on the Results, the Following Conclusions Were Made:

 Changes in blood biochemical parameters were more pronounced when using a mixture of pesticides Sumi-alpha + tobacco dust + Lontrim.

According to the severity of the combined intoxication were distributed in the following gradation: Sumi-alpha + tobacco dust+Lontrim >

Sumi-alpha+tobacco dust > Sumi-alpha + Lontrim;

 Inhibition of cholinesterase activity is one of the main pathogenetic factors of intoxication. Less pronounced reduction of triglycerides, calcium, total proteins and lipids was observed in isolated and combined effects of pesticides Sumi-alpha, tobacco dust and Lontrim;

1) Аширбеков Г.К. Возможные изменения патогенетического состояния организма у работников сельского хозяйства при

комбинированном отравлении

ядохимикатами // «Современные проблемы теоретической и клинической медицины»

Сборник трудов V-Международной конференции молодых ученых – медиков стран СНГ. – Алматы, 2003. - С. 9–11.

2) Аширбеков Г.К., Алшериева У.А.

Патоморфологическая картина нервной системы при отравлении различными классами пестицидов // Международная конференция, посвященная 70-летию кафедры нервных болезней КазНМУ и 100- летию со дня рождения выдающегося казахского невролога профессора М.Х.

Фаризова. Актуальные проблемы неврологии. - Алматы, 2004. - С. 40.

3) Аширбеков Г.К., Байгонова К.С.

Комбинированное влияние различных классов пестицидов на некоторые биохимические показатели сыворотки крови у крыс // Проблемы социальной медицины и управления здравоохранением. – 2005. - № 37. - С. 129-131.

References

(4)

Page | 17

IJMSCRR 4) Ажиханова Г.Ж., Алшериева У.А., Садирова

З.Р., Шарасулова Л.С., Аширбеков Г.К.

Некоторые особенности нервно-гуморальной регуляции организма при воздействии различных классов пестицидов // Гигиена, эпидемиология және иммунобиология. - 2007. - № 1. – С. 24-27.

5) Садирова З.Р., Базарбаева Ш.Т., Алшериева У.А., Аширбеков Г.К., Сарсенбаева Ж.К., Ажиханова Г.Ж. Состояние нервной системы у животных при комбинированном отравлении различными классами пестицидов // III Съезд врачей и провизоров РК. – Т. II. – Астана, 2007. – С. 205–206.

6) Макашев Е.К., Лукашев А.А., Мустафина М.О., Әжіханова Г.Ж., Әширбеков Г.К.

Пестицидтерінің кейбір топтарымен әсер еткеннең кейін қалпына келу кезеңінен сон ақ тышқандардың шартты рефлекстерінің жағдайы. // Гигиена, эпидемиология және иммунобиология. – 2009. – № 2. – Б. 47–50.

7) Ashirbekov G.K. Fermentativial activities of condition macro and microelements of wheys bloods in rats at influence of tobacco dust. //

Nauka I Studia. – Nr 5 (10) 2008. – Przemysl. – P. 82–86.

8) Байгонова К.С., Сапарбеков М.К., Тьесова- Бердалина Р.А., Аширбеков Г.К.

Комбинированное действие Суми-альфа и Лонтрима. // Сборник II Международной конференции «Медико-социальная реабилитация населения экологически неблагоприятных регионов», посвященной 55-летию Семипалатинской Государственной медицинской академии. – Семей, 2008. – С.

19.