Climate change is no more an environmental concern. It has emerged as the biggest developmental challenge for the planet.

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National Mission For Sustainable

Agriculture

Strategies for Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change

Department of Agriculture and Cooperation Ministry of Agriculture

Govt. of India

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Climate change is no more an environmental concern. It has emerged as the biggest developmental challenge for the planet.

( UNDP 2009)

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India's economy closely tied to its natural resource base and may face a major threat because of the projected changes in climate

Vulnerable grids (marked red)

(2035 and 2085)

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Most Vulnerable Grids

in India

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Climatic Variability

and Extreme

Events

Food System Farm or Cropping

System

Crop and Livestock

Interplay Interplay

Risks

Agriculture sector being closely tied to natural resource base is more vulnerable to climate change (NAPCC)

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Crops

Risks on Agriculture Risks on Agriculture

Agrarian Distress

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Risks From Agriculture Risks From Agriculture

6 Million Tonnes of CO2 Equivalent

Million Tonnes of CO2 Equivalent Source: MoEF, 2010Source: MoEF, 2010

• 17.6% of total GHG is from Agriculture

• 63.4% contributed by Livestocks and 20.9%

by Rice Cultivation

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•Climatic Variability and Extreme Events

–Temperature Rise: 0.2 degree Centigrade per decade –Mean Summer Rainfall to increase

–Frequent and Longer dry spells

–Shorter but Heavier Precipitation Events

–Hot Extremes, Heat Waves to be more common –Contraction of Snow Cover

–Rise in Sea Levels

•Degradation of Natural Resources (Land/Water/Bio- diversity)

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Climate Change Projections Climate Change Projections

IPCC-2007 IPCC-2007

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• Increase in CO

²

to 550 ppm increases yields of rice, wheat, legumes and

oilseeds by 10-20%.

• 1 degree C increase in temperature may reduce yields of wheat, soybean, mustard, groundnut, and potato by 3- 7%. Much higher losses at higher

temperatures.

• Productivity of most crops to decrease

only marginally by 2020 but by 10-40%

by 2100.

• Possibly some improvement in yields of

chickpea, rabi maize, sorghum and millets; and coconut in west coast.

• Less loss in potato, mustard and

vegetables in north-western India due to reduced frost damage.

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Projected Impacts

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• Increased droughts and floods are

likely to increase production variability

• Considerable effect on microbes,

pathogens, and insects

• Increasing sea and river water

temperatures are likely to affect fish breeding, migration, and harvests

• Increased water, shelter, and energy

requirement for livestock

• Animal distress due to heat; effects on

reproduction

• Imbalance in food trade due to positive

impacts on Europe and North America, and negative impacts on us

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Projected Impacts

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Mandate of NMSA

To transform agriculture into an

ecologically sustainable climate

resilient production system by devising

appropriate adaptation and mitigation

strategies for ensuring food security,

equitable access to food resources,

enhancing livelihood opportunities and

contributing to economic stability at the

national level.

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 National Mission for Sustainable

Agriculture (NMSA) is one of the eight Missions under National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC);

 NMSA was accorded in principle approval by PM Council on Climate Change (PMCCC) in Sept-2010;

 NMSA identifies 10 dimensions encompassing whole agriculture sector with 17 deliverables

 NMSA Programmatic Intervention caters to 3-4 Dimensions covering 5 deliverables

 XII Plan proposal was considered by EFC on 20.08.2013 and approved by CCEA on 07.11.2013

 Mission made operational from 1

^st

April, 2014

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National Mission For Sustainable Agriculture

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Technology, Products and

Practices

Capacity Building Infrastructur

e

Dimensions Dimensions

Research and Development

Functional Areas Functional Areas

Approach

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SL Deliverables Programmes

1 Natural Resources Development NMSA, RKVY, MIDH

2 Water Use Efficiency ^{NMSA, RKVY}

3 Conservation and Precision Farming ^{MIDH, NMSA} 4 Improved Soil Health Management _{NMSA, NFSM}

5 Institutional Coordination _NMSA

6 Higher Crop Productivity NFSM,NMOOP,RKVY

7 Horticulture Development MIDH (NHM, HMNE)

8 Developing Safety Net

9 Improved Access to Insurance and NCIP

Credit

Mapping Of Deliverables

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SL Deliverables Programmes

10 Efficient Seed Chain & better variety NMAET, NFSM, NMOOP

11 Increasing level of Farm Mechanisation NMAET, RKVY

12 Capacity Building of Stakeholders NAMET, ICAR

13 Easier Access to Information _NAMET

14 Improved Pest, Disease and Weeds Management

PP, MIDH, NFSM

15 Increasing efficiency of Agri-Supply Chain MIDH, ISAM (AMI)

16 Research and Development ^ICAR

17 Livestock and Fisheries Development ^NLM

Cont…

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NMSA (as Programmatic Intervention) NMSA (as Programmatic Intervention)

Institutional Coordination

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Interventions have been drawn from the

following ongoing Schemes/Missions of DAC

 Rainfed Area Development Programme (RADP) – (Sub-scheme of RKVY)

 National Mission on Micro Irrigation (NMMI)

 National Project on Organic Farming (NPOF)

 National Project on Management of Soil Health & Fertility (NPMSH&F)

 Soil and Land Use Survey of India (SLUSI)

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NMSA – Restructured Subsumed Schemes

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 To make agriculture productive, sustainable, remunerative and climate resilient;

 To adopt comprehensive soil health management practices based on soil fertility status;

 To optimize utilization of water resources through efficient water management;

 To conserve on-farm resources through appropriate resource conservation technologies;

 To develop capacity of farmers & stakeholders in the domain of climate change adaptation and mitigation measures;

 To pilot models in select blocks by mainstreaming rainfed technologies and leveraging resources ;

 To establish an effective inter and intra Departmental/Ministerial co-ordination for accomplishing key deliverables of NMSA

NMSA Objectives

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 Rainfed Area Development(RAD)

 On Farm Water Management(OFWM)

 Soil Health Management (SHM)

 Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture - Monitoring, Modelling & Networking (CCSAMMN)

 Management (State & Central)

Mission Components

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Rainfed Area Development Rainfed Area Development

Approach Major Activities

Watershed plus

approach focusing on location specific farming systems; resource

conservation technologies;

development of common property

assets, diversification of farm income etc.

Int. Farming System

Precision / protected farming Resource Conservation Tech Storage & value addition Rain water harvesting FPOs & Capacity Building

last mile connectivity to water source

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Soil Health Management Soil Health Management

Approach Major Activities

Preparation of GIS based thematic maps,

database on land and soil characteristics,

improved soil & nutrient management practices based on land use and soil characteristics, organic farming,

management of problem soils to bring additional area under cultivation etc

Soil Resource/Fertility Map

Setting up of Agro waste/ Bio-fertilizer/ bio- pesticide unit

Bio and Organic fertilizer Quality Control Laboratory (BOQCL)

Organic village adoption

Promotion of INM, micro nutrient, organic input

Quality analysis under FCO Soil Testing Laboratory

Portable Soil Testing Kit

Fertilizer Testing Laboratory Problem Soil Reclamation

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On-farm Water Management On-farm Water Management

Approach Major Activities

To optimize utilization of water resources through efficient water

management & expand coverage for achieving

‘more crop per drop’, adopting water

conservation technologies, efficient delivery and

distribution systems etc.

Drip & Sprinkler Irrigation Field application system Secondary Storage

Drainage development Capacity Building

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CCSA – Monitoring, Modeling & Networking CCSA – Monitoring, Modeling & Networking

Approach Major Activities

Provide creation and

bidirectional dissemination of climate change related

information and knowledge by way of piloting climate change adaptation/ mitigation

research/model projects in the domain of climate smart

sustainable management practices and integrated

farming system suitable to local agro-climatic conditions.

Comprehensive pilot blocks for disseminating

technologies/ research

findings under single window service/ knowledge system Knowledge Networking, skill development

Studies, Documentation, Publication,

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STRATEGIES

Promoting effective management of available water resources and enhancing water use efficiency through application of technologies coupled with demand and supply side management solutions.

Promoting integrated farming system covering crops, livestock & fishery, plantation and pasture based composite farming for enhancing livelihood opportunities, ensuring food security and minimizing risks from crop failure through supplementary/ residual production systems.

Dissemination and adoption of rainfed technologies with greater reach in

disadvantaged areas and leveraging resources from other schemes/Missions for integrated development.

Popularizing resource conservation technologies (both on-farm and off-farm) and introducing practices that will support mitigation efforts in times of extreme

climatic events or disasters like prolonged dry spells, floods etc.

Creating database on soil resources through land use survey, soil profile study and soil analysis to facilitate adoption of location and soil-specific crop management practices & optimize fertilizer use.

Involving knowledge institutions and professionals in developing climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies for specific agro climatic situations and

promoting them through appropriate farming systems.

Establishing platform to liaison, review and coordinate implementation of interventions outlined in Mission Document of NMSA under aegis of National Action Plan on Climate Change

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 Rainfed Area Development(RAD)

 On Farm Water Management(OFWM)

 Soil Health Management (SHM)

 Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture - Monitoring, Modelling & Networking (CCSAMMN)

 Management (State & Central)

Mission Components

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New Activities proposed

 Resource Conservation Technologies

 Last mile connectivity - energization

 Portable soil testing kit

 Data bank on balanced use of fertilizer

 Organic village/cluster and participatory organic certification

 Reclamation of problem soil

 Conservation & management of Non Timber Forest Produce

 Bio/organic fertilizer quality control lab

 Secondary storage structure

 Drainage development of waterlogged areas

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Rainfed Area Development Rainfed Area Development

Approach Major Activities

Watershed plus

approach focusing on location specific

farming systems;

resource conservation technologies;

development of common property

assets, diversification of farm income etc.

Int. Farming System

Precision / protected farming Resource Conservation Tech Storage & value addition Rain water harvesting FPOs & Capacity Building

last mile connectivity to water source

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Soil Health Management Soil Health Management

Approach Major Activities

Preparation of GIS

based thematic maps, database on land and soil characteristics, improved soil &

nutrient management practices based on land use and soil

characteristics, organic farming, management of problem soils to

bring additional area under cultivation etc

Soil Resource/Fertility Map

Setting up of Agro waste/ Bio-fertilizer/

bio-pesticide unit

Bio and Organic fertilizer Quality Control Laboratory (BOQCL)

Organic village adoption

Promotion of INM, micro nutrient, organic input

Quality analysis under FCO Soil Testing Laboratory

Portable Soil Testing Kit

Fertilizer Testing Laboratory Problem Soil Reclamation

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On-farm Water Management On-farm Water Management

Approach Major Activities

To optimize utilization of water resources through efficient water

management & expand coverage for achieving

‘more crop per drop’, adopting water

conservation

technologies, efficient delivery and distribution systems etc.

Drip & Sprinkler Irrigation Field application system Secondary Storage

Drainage development Capacity Building

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CCSA – Monitoring, Modeling & Networking CCSA – Monitoring, Modeling & Networking

Approach Major Activities

Provide creation and

bidirectional dissemination of climate change related

information and knowledge by way of piloting climate change adaptation/

mitigation research/model projects in the domain of climate smart sustainable management practices and integrated farming system suitable to local agro-climatic conditions.

Comprehensive pilot blocks for disseminating

technologies/ research findings under single

window service/ knowledge system

Knowledge Networking, skill development

Studies, Documentation, Publication,

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CONVERGENCE

 Water sources developed under IWMP & NREGA would be utilised for IFS and Micro irrigation

 PRI will be associated in identification of cluster, activities and beneficiary

 Linkage of R&D organisation through Standing Tech. Committee

 Cropping System supported through NFSM & NMOOP will be integrated with livestock/fishery/plantation/pasture/small processing unit

 NMAET will be linked in the context of improved inputs, mechanization, extension and information support.

 Model pilot blocks will mainstream rainfed technologies by leveraging resources from other State/Central

programmes/schemes

 Provisions of RKVY to supplement NMSA components

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Thanks

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