View of COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCING MICROORGANISM INTHE SOIL THAT PRODUCING HIGHER YIELD OF GRAM CROP IN NIMAD AREA

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ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037

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Vol. 07, Special Issue 05, (IC-RTCASEMHPS-2022) September 2022 IMPACT FACTOR: 7.98 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 149 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCING MICROORGANISM IN THE SOIL

THAT PRODUCING HIGHER YIELD OF GRAM CROP IN NIMAD AREA Rakesh Patel

Head of Life Science Department, Shree Rewa Gurjar Bal Niketan College, Sanawad, Khargone-451111 (M.P.) India

Abstract - Antibiotics are microbial products naturally produced in the stationary phase of the growth curve. These are known to kill or inhibit the growth of susceptible infectious microorganisms, so determination of antibiotic susceptibility can help in clinical treatment of infections and yield of crop. Soil sample were collected from West Nimad, District.

Khargone (M.P.). Authors found that good quality of soil regarding fertility have more antibiotics producing microorganism as compare to low production. Regular monitoring of antimicrobial producing organism and susceptibility in the Nimad area may be helpful in recovery from various diseases in crop as biological agent.

Keyword: Soil, Zone, Antibiotics, organism.

1 INTRODUCTION

Antibiotics are low molecular-weight (non-protein) molecules produced as secondary metabolites, mainly by microorganisms that live in the soil. In the nature antibiotics are widely distributed, where they play an important role in regulating the microbial population of soil, water, sewage, and compost. Over 55% of the antibiotics detected between 1945 and 1978 originated from the genus Streptomyces, representing a total of more than 5,000 compounds (Berdy 1980) Drugs that have been synthesized by chemical procedures in the laboratory are called synthetic drugs while those produced by bacteria and fungi are called antibiotics (Tortora 1995). The objective of the present study is presence of antibiotics producing microorganism in soil and their correlation with higher production of gram Nimad.

2 METHOD

In this study (fig1) we collected the soil sample from different site of Nimad area. Suspend 1 gram of soil and suspended in 10 ml of distillled water. Allow the soil particles to settle and spread 0.5 ml. of supernatant on a nutrient agar plate. Incubate the plate at room temperature for 24 hours. Next day examine the plate for presence of a colony surrounded by a clear zone where there is no growth of soil organism. Prepare suspension from that colony and perform Gram staining.

Figure 1 Map of west Nimad

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ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037

Vol. 07, Special Issue 05, (IC-RTCASEMHPS-2022) September 2022 IMPACT FACTOR: 7.98 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 150 3 RESULT

3.1 Statistical Analysis

The comparison between groups was carried out through the non-parametric Mann Whitney U-test. Prism software version 3 was used for the analysis of data. Statistical difference was considered significant at 0.5% (p<0.05).

3.2 After 24 hours

IB 01 IB02 IB03 IB04

IB06 IB09 IB10 IB11

Figure 2 Antibiotics producing organism in soil sample.

Antibiotics producing organism in soil sample after 24 hours

HP LP

0 1 2 3

4 HP

LP

Soil sample

N u m b e r o f Z o n e o f In h ib it io n

Figure 3 Antibiotics producing organism in soil sample after 24 hours in Higher producing (HP) and Lower producing (LP) Gram crops.

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ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037

Vol. 07, Special Issue 05, (IC-RTCASEMHPS-2022) September 2022 IMPACT FACTOR: 7.98 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 151 Antibiotics producing organism

in soil sample after 48 hours

HP LP

0 1 2 3

4 HP

LP

Soil sample

N um be r of Z on e of In hi bit io n

Figure 4 Antibiotics producing organism in soil sample after 48 hours in Higher producing (HP) and Lower producing (LP) Gram crops.

In our study Zone of inhibition were seen in Figure 2 after 48 and 96 hours (figure not shown). We observed higher antibiotics producing organism in higher producing soil as compared lower production gram crop but these were non significant in 24 and 48 hours (Table 1, Figure 3 and 4).

Table 1 Number of antibiotics producing zone after 24 and 48 hour.

Sample ID Number of zone after 24 hour Number of zone after 48 hour

IB01 03 04

IB02 00 00

IB03 01 01

IB04 03 03

IB06 00 00

IB09 00 00

IB10 01 01

IB11 03 03

Table 2 Sample collection detail.

ID Name of farmar VILLAGE

IB01 khemraj Ganpat Bhogav

IB02 sath lowr side Bhogav

IB03 sath upper side Bhogav

IB04 Hareran engla Bhogav

IB06 Kamalchand saliya (big) Dhakalgaon IB09 Yashwant dogaya Dhakalgaon IB10 Baghda ji poultry form Dhakalgaon IB11 Keshrilal ji bamangav Dhakalgaon

Table 2 Soil chemical Profile.

ID Uplabdh Nitrogen (251-400 kg/ha)

uplabdh potassi

um (ppm)

Organic Carbon

(0.5- 1.0%)

pH (6.5- 7.5)

Viddhut Chalakta (EC) (<1ds/m)

uplabdh Calcium (ppm)

Uplabdh Magnesiu m (ppm)

uplabdh sulphur (ppm)

Uplabdh Zinc (0.60-

1.20ppm)

uplabdh Boron (0.5- 1ppm)

Uplabd h Iron (4.5-9)

ppm

Uplabdh Magnize (2-4ppm)

uplabdh Copper (.20.40p pm)

IB01 236 13.6 0.63 7.48 0.21 660 110 0.101 0.24 0.38 4.32 1.36 0.3 IB02 216 8.7 0.48 7.52 0.34 583 102 0.079 0.44 0.40 4.24 1.24 0.24 IB03 304 59.5 0.87 7.59 0.38 860 92 0.102 0.28 0.34 4.40 1.40 0.28 IB04 189 10.2 0.42 7.87 0.29 640 112 0.101 0.24 0.30 4.42 1.18 0.3 IB06 247 21.6 0.66 7.76 0.2 538 98 0.124 0.54 0.42 4.28 1.14 0.38 IB09 247 25.8 0.66 7.89 0.63 750 86 0.218 0.64 0.48 4.46 1.18 0.36 IB10 281 52.4 0.75 7.51 0.7 713 100 0.081 0.36 0.30 4.40 1.12 0.34 IB11 315 29 0.9 7.49 0.3 507 98 0.051 0.32 0.46 4.26 1.22 0.3

4 DISCUSSION

Sethi et al 2013 work on Bacillus subtilis metabolites showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa measured as zone of inhibition of 13.4mm and 13.8mm respectively whereas Streptomyces sp showed minimum activity

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ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037

Vol. 07, Special Issue 05, (IC-RTCASEMHPS-2022) September 2022 IMPACT FACTOR: 7.98 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 152 against all the four tested organisms. We are doing selected isolates have been shown strong antimicrobial activity against resistant pathogens. Further purification, structural elucidation and characterization are recommended to know the quality, novelty and commercial value of these antibiotics. Among the various groups of organisms that have the capacity to produce such metabolites, the actinomycetes occupy a prominent place (Berdy et al 2005, Ramasamy et al 2010, Sundaramoorthi et al 2011).

5 CONCLUSION

In the present study, the microbial isolates with antimicrobial activity from soil were isolated and found higher number of zone in higher producing soil as compared to other soil. There was not any scientific report on soil antibiotics producing organism in the study areas. Therefore, isolation and screening of actinomycetes from such areas in optimum condition may contribute the discovery of new antibiotics and their correlation with higher production of crop and various diseases in crop of nimad area. Our study suggested the in soil samples of higher producing soil have a higher number of antibiotics producing zone that support the crop.

Acknowledgement

Authors sincerely acknowledge Shree Rewa Gurjar Bal Niketan College Sanawad for financial assistance and Head of the department of Life science for facility.

REFERENCES

1. Berdy J: Recent advances in and prospects of antibiotic research. Process Biochem 1980; 15:28-36.

2. Tortora GJ, Funke BR and Case CL Antimicrobial Drugs, Microbiology an Introduction, 20th Chapter. The Benjamin Cummings Publishing Company, Inc 1995; 491-514.

3 Sonia Sethi, Ravi Kumar and Saksham Gupta. Antibiotic Production by Microbes Isolated From Soil, IJPSR, 2013. 4(8): 2967-2973.

4 Berdy J. Bioactive microbial metabolites. J Antibiot. 2005; 58(1):1–26.

5 Ramasamy V, Suban M, Annamalai P. Isolation, characterization and antimicrobial activity of actinobacteria from point climere coastal region, east coast of India. Int Res J Pharm. 2010; 1(1):358–365.

6 Sundaramoorthi C, Vengadesh PK, Gupta S, Karthick K, Tamilselvi N. Production and characterization of antibiotics from soil-isolated actinomycetes. Int Res J Pharm. 2011; 2(4):114–118.