These are some of the indicators of socio-economic marginalization of women in the country (MoFED, 2006). What are the causes of the problem of gender difference in community work in the selected study area. The findings of this study will also hopefully change women's awareness of their contribution to community work and sustainable development.
Conceptually, this study was limited only to assessing the impact of gender differences on women's participation in community work in Abaychoman Woreda, 02 Kebele. The fourth describes the result of the research and the discussion based on the findings from the research. Despite the subordinate status they have in society, and their exclusion from most of the privileges and opportunities available to their male counterparts, women as producers contribute to the survival of the household and the economic and social development of society .
Although women's contribution to economic development and the welfare of society is important and multifaceted, economic, political and cultural prejudices against women have prevented them from enjoying the fruits of their contribution (MOFLSA, 2012). The industrial group of food and beverage products occupies the first place in terms of the number of facilities in the large and medium category. Of the total number of employees engaged in the production of food and beverage products (medium and large-scale industries) in the public and private sectors, only 19% are women (Sida, 2003).
Land registration practices in some countries record only the name of a man, based on the assumption that the man is head of the family, thus limiting women's rights to the land.
Efforts made by the Ethiopian Government to ensure gender equality
International Legal Instruments- Ratified by Government
But in practice they were far from the same. Although they have equal property rights in some parts of the country, women have been deprived of the property they own, including land, housing and livestock. Although Ethiopia's women's policy predates the PFA, the demand for a national mechanism, set out in policy and properly implemented, is in line with the requirements of the Beijing PFA. Many of the targets set in the PASDEP for various sectors such as education and health are aligned with the goals of the Millennium Development Goals.
Recognizing the crucial role of women in the socio-economic development process of the country and their lowest status, the government of Ethiopia has taken legal and policy measures and programs, which are instrumental in addressing existing gender inequalities (MoLSA, 2012). The Constitution of FDRE: The constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia which addresses women in all aspects of social, economic, legal and political activities. The structures of the national machinery to address gender equality and equity issues are clearly laid out in the Policy (TGE, 1993).
The National Population Policy (NPP): The National Population Policy formulated in 1993 aimed to harmonize population growth with the capacity of the country. One of the specific objectives of the Ethiopian education and training policy is to introduce an education system that would correct misconceptions and misunderstandings regarding the roles and benefits of female education. The content of the policy clearly elaborates the unfavorable situation of women and emphasizes the need for a change that ensures the active participation of women in all cultural activities and ensures them equal rights to various benefits such as recognition and decision-making power in the various traditional celebrations and institutions and the promotion of cultural practices, that promote women's welfare (FDRE, 1997).
Part six of the proclamation in particular concerns the working conditions of women and young workers. These include the right to dignity; the right to life, integrity and security of the person; Plan for Accelerated and Sustainable Development to Poverty (PASDEP): PASDEP was one of the key implementation strategies designed to achieve gender equality in all development goals of the country.
The aim of the plan is not only to reduce poverty, but also to bring about transformational changes that contribute to achieving the MDGs. One of the priority areas of the GTP is addressing women and youth issues to accelerate economic development. To ensure gender equality, the plan has a clear strategy to mainstream gender across all sectors and has also created responsibility for implementing the strategy in addressing gender issues (MoLSA, 2012).
Description of study area
Sources of Data
Population of the study
Sample size selection and sampling techniques
Thus, 79 individuals using simple random sampling method and 14 using purposive sampling method. At the end, the total selected sample size was 93 individuals out of 809 target (considered) population of the study.
Instrument of data gathering
Interview Questions
Procedures of Data Collection
Method of Data Analysis
DATA ANALYSIS AND NTERPRETATION
Analysis and Interpretation of the Reflections for Questionnaire
- Analysis and interpretation of the background of the respondents
- Analysis and interpretation for reflections of the respondents to major study questions of the questionnaire
Table- 3-To what extent does the participation of women in community work ensure gender equality in your kebele. To what extent does the participation of women in community work ensure gender equality in your kebele? What are the causes of the problem of gender difference in community work in your kebele.
To what extent exists the severity of the impacts of gender inequality (the gap) on community work such as education, employment, decision-making, economic empowerment and access to resource areas. Moreover, men's attitude towards women's active participation in community work was negative, as answered by slightly more than half of those who answered, i.e. Table 10 Leaders follow and monitor practice for increasing women in community work.
The leaders follow up and monitor practice to promote the active participation of women in community work. When we see the over status of women participation in community work as shown in table 11 above by the majority of the respondents, i.e. As shown in table 12, the economic empowerment of women in community work areas is low. This was indicated by 92.4% of the respondents who determined that it exists to a lesser extent.
This ensured that the economic empowerment of women in the areas of community work was not satisfactorily addressed. 67 (84.9%) of the respondents said that the implementation of local administrators' support for promoting women's participation in community work was very low. As shown in table 14, the cultural influence on women's participation in community work has existed to a very good extent as confirmed by 56 (70.8%) of the respondents.
Furthermore, the support of NGOs to promote women's active participation in community work was low, as answered by almost all respondents, i.e. As mentioned in table 19 above, 53 or 67.1% in that the majority of women's participation in decision-making. areas of community work were unsatisfactory. The severity of the impacts of gender inequality (the gap) in community work both in education and in the fields of employment exists.
Thus, it can be said that the severity of the effects of gender inequality (the gap) on community work, both in education and in the fields of employment, was poorly understood. Finally, as shown above in table 21, all respondents answered that the main solution recommended to ensure the active participation of women in the fields of community work was to improve the attention of the relevant bodies.
Analysis and interpretation of the reflections of the interviewees
As mentioned in table 20 above with 59 or 74.69%, in the sense that the severity of the impact of gender inequality (gap) in community work, such as in education, and in employment is very high. Finally, the majority of interviewees would also say that the impact of the problem on decision-making, employment and access to resources was implied. Regarding the extent of the severity of the impact of gender inequality (gap) in community work areas such as education, employment, decision-making, economic empowerment and access to resources, most interviewees found it to exist to a very large extent. high degree.
After this, all the interviewees also answered that the consequences of the impacts showed how negligent the concerned authorities were in promoting the active participation of women in the field of community development. When we see the answers of more than three quarters of the interviewees, they confirmed that the general state of women's participation in community work was not so satisfactorily observed. The predetermined objective of the research was to investigate the level of effectiveness of gender equality practice in relation to the community work process of the study area.
Consequently, the researcher delineated the site of the study to be selected kebele from Abbaychomman woreda, Kolobo kebele, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, especially the selection of kebele from the existing six urban kebele. As it was shown on the analysis and interpretation of the collection of data, the results discussion revealed that the majority of the respondents of the entire instruments of the study confirm the existence of insufficient scope of implementation of the assurance of gender equality has. For this, the limitation is such as problems of commitment and the provision of low attention by the relevant management body of the study hall, attitude problems and the impact of earlier socio-cultural teaching, long-rooted impact, undermining of teaching from men and poor reactions from the women's own i were the most important factors.
As a result, the overall results of the study clearly identified the following findings of the study. Find out the existence of the insufficient level of awareness activities carried out towards guaranteeing gender equality in the way it can prevent the poverty of older women. One of the most serious constraints women face in terms of effective control over land is the traditional taboo against women plowing with oxen.
And the result of the study implies that women are expected to support the family by going home, and to take care of children and the family as a whole. The result of the study indicates that improving the economic status of women can help families and communities to move out of poverty. In all four of the study communities, both female and male participants identified gender roles and responsibilities as the main factors for differences in gender-based vulnerability of women.
