IMPLEMENTATION OF INCREASING THE NETWORK LIFETIME OF MANETS THROUGH COOPERATIVE MAC PROTOCOL DESIGN: REVIEW
SHIVANI PATNAHA1 MR. PRADEEP TRIPATHI2
1Research Scholar, Department of CSE, Vindhya institute of technology and science, M.P., Satna India
2Asstt. Prof., Department of CSE, Vindhya institute of technology and science, M.P., Satna India
ABSTRACT
MANET (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) has a dynamic topology. Due to the mobility of nodes in the network of cooperative communication is a technique for archived greater efficiency of transmission. In this paper we discuss about the Network Lifetime using Cross layer Distributed Energy Adaptive Location based Cooperative MAC protocols. This DEL-CMAC protocol increases the network lifetime and energy efficiency. In this proposed work significantly improves the network lifetime even in high circuitry energy consumption in more cases and reviewed number of research article for the proposed work.
Key words: MANET, Communications, Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol,
I. INTRODUCTION
MANET Stands for Mobile Ad Hoc Network. It is a type of ad hoc network that can change location and configure itself on the fly.
Because MANETs are mobile, they use wireless connection to connect to various networks. It is a kind of Wireless ad hoc network that usually has a routable networking environment on top of a Link Layer ad hoc network. MANETs consist of
a peer-to-peer, self-forming, self- healing network. In MANET one of the most popular methods for data transmission is cooperative communication. Here each node can serve as a data source or destination node or a relay node that can help forwarding data from one to another or its neighboring nodes. When a destination node is out of the transmission range of its source
node, at that time multi-hop forwarding can be carried out it is an effective technique to enhance the network connectivity and extend the network coverage. All nodes in this networks are mobile, so energy and lifetime is one of the most important and vital issues for those ones. Many approaches have been developed in Consuming the energy and also in improving the lifetime of the network. But distributed Energy-adaptive location-based CMAC protocol (DEL-CMAC) plays an important role in finding an energy efficient route and it will improve the performance of the MANETs in terms of network lifetime and energy efficiency.
1.1 MANET
A mobile adhoc network [6,8] is a dynamic distributed system of wireless mobile nodes in which the nodes can move in any direction independent of each other. In MANET, there is no central infrastructure and the mobile devices are moving randomly and they may give rise to various kinds
of problems such as energy efficiency and power consumption within a network. Figure 1.1, shows a general structure of MANET.
Fig. 1.1 - Mobile Ad hoc Network 1.2 PROTOCOL STACK FOR MANET
Protocol stack for mobile infrastructure-less networks [12] is described. The protocol stack which consists of five layers
Physical layer
Data link layer
Network layer
Transport layer
Application layer.
The layers of OSI (a) session (b) presentation (c) application are merged into one section called
application layer. It is a layered framework designed for the purpose of network systems that allows for communication across all types of computer systems. TCP/IP was designed first. The last four layers of OSI model are the same but the fifth layer in the TCP/IP suite (the application layer) is equivalent to the three layers (a) session (b) presentation (c)application layers of the OSI model. The difference between two protocol stacks lies in the network layer.
II. RELATED WORK
Many approaches have been done in MANET to provide a efficient data communication. The energy consumption of the mobile nodes is high due to the dynamic nature of the network. The nodes in the network had the limited resource constraints and energy drains quickly in case of network overload, high dynamic etc. Hence improving the network lifetime of the MANET becomes a major challenge in today’s network. In the existing literatures QoS parameters has been
analyzed for large scale networks in MANET. The first approach is that performing the cooperative communication by using DEL- CMAC protocol it was proposed by Xiaoyan Wang and Jie Li here the relay node will be set based on the utility based best relay selection strategy. Another approach is Network Coding Aware Cooperative Medium Access Control for Wireless Networks (NCAC-MAC) here the network coding will be introduced to the cooperative retransmission process. It enables the relay node to assist other nodes while serving its own traffic simultaneously. Another one is CMAC protocol for wireless sensor network by using this protocol network life time will be maximized under the BER (Bit Error Rate) analysis technique. It was proposed by C. Zhai, J. Liu and L.
Zheng and H. Xu. Another algorithm is a Topology control algorithm it was proposed by Y. Zhu, M. Huang, S. Chen and Y. Wang here the energy efficiency of each individual paths are guaranteed. The Another approach is Cooperative MAC
(CoopMAC) it was proposed by P.
Liu , Z. Tao ,S. Narayanan ,T.
Korakis and S.S. Panwar. Using CoopMAC protocol overheard transmission is performed in order to minimize the total transmission time. Another type of data transmission is done by COMAC it is used to provide robustness to the wireless channel. This protocol is proposed by M. Gokturk and O.
Gurbuz The final approach is space–
time coded cooperative diversity protocols proposed by J.N. Laneman and G.W. Wornell. This protocol will exploit the spatial diversity available among the group of distributed terminals that relay messages for one to another in such a manner that the destination terminal can average the fading.[16-23]
III. LITERATURE SURVEY
Various approaches used for the energy efficiency and power consumption in wireless adhoc networks are given below:
The protocol is implemented by Alphonsa Xavier, R. N Gaur in 2014 [1]and authors proposed that
although establishing correct and efficient routes is an important design issue in MANETs still more challenging issue is to provide energy efficient routes because mobile nodes’ operation time is the most critical limiting factor. To increase the lifetime of ad hoc networks traffic should be sent via a route that can avoid nodes with low energy while minimizing the total transmission power. The energy node depletion does not affect the node itself only but the overall network lifetime.
The authors Dave Yogesh kumar Mukundray, Amit R.Sharma in 2014 implemented an algorithm [2] to maximize the network lifetime by avoiding the routing through nodes with less battery power. MANET consists of portable mobile nodes communicate directly with each other without any central infrastructure. In the absence of central infrastructure, a node establishes communication network and act as router as well. Nodes are battery operated and mobile hence
network topology changes frequently. In MANET, resources are
limited. Nodes battery power is one of the important resources.
IV. CONCLUSION
Major task of cooperative communication in MANET is to provide the reliable data transmission without any link failure and packet loss. In this paper, the various methods for
improving the network life time are discussed.
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