INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YIELD AND YIELD ATTR,IBUTES IN TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM

Indian J.Hill Farmg. 11(1&2): 34 - 38 1998

INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YIELD AND YIELD ATTR,IBUTES IN TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM

MILL)

N. Brajendra

Singh College ofAgriculture.

Centra! Agricultural University

Imphal- 795001.

ABSTRACT

In tomato. yield/plant was associated significantly with number of fruits/plant. fruits number/raceme, fruit length, fruit diameter. fruit weight and number of laterals. Significant positive correlations were-observed between plant height with number of laterals and fruit diameter; number of laterals with days to 50% flowering; days to maturity with fruit weight; fruit-number/raceme with fruit number/

per plant and fruit diameter V~ttR tocule numb.er/fruit and fruit weight. Significant negative correlations were observed between plant height and fruits per raceme.; days to 50% flowering and fruit number per raceme; and furit number per raceme and fruit diameter.

INTRODUCTION

Yield in tomato. as in any other cra,) plants, is a complex quantitative character; tntlue.tced by environmental fluctuations. Direct selection for yield as such, therefore, will not be effective.

Hence selection criteria based on yield components would be helpful in selecting suitable plant types. Correlation studies between yield and its components provide a measure of association between different variables. Knowledge of association of the simply inherited characters which are less affected by environment, is required to construct suitable selection indices for the improvement of complex characters like yield. A study was, therefore, taken up in tomato to know the nature of association between yield and yield contributing characters both at genotypic and phenotypic levels.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A field experiment was laid out during the rabi season of 1993-94 at trnphal, Manipur.

The materials comprised 19 genotypes of tomato and was grown in randomized block desig n with 3 replications. Each plot consisted of 3 rows 70 cm. apart, having pliant spacing of 60 ern. The plot was fertilized with N. P and Kat 50, 50 and 50 kg/ha. respectively. On 5 random plants, data were recorded on plant height (cm) , number of laterals, number of fruits / raceme.

number of fruits/plant (kg). On 5 randomly selected fruits of each ofthe selected plants, data

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Vatiations were observed in the means of the genotypes studied for all the characters (Tablet). AAU-5 exhibited highest yield/plant (4.284 kg), followed by Arka Saurab (4.075 kg) and Punjab Chhuarah (4.070 kg).

The yield / plant had positive and highly significant correlation with number of fruits!

plant, fruit weight, number of lateral, fruit diameter, fruit length and number of fruits/raceme (Table 2). Most of these characters also had positive association among themselves, indicating that selection for these characters may imporve the fruit yield simulltaneously. This confirms the findings of Cuartero and Cubero (1982), Dudi and Kalloo (1982) and Raijadhav et al.

(1986).

Among the correlations between yield components, highly significant and positive genotypic correlations were observed between days to 50% ffowering with days to maturity, fruit diameter, fruit weight and numberof laterals; days to maturity with fruit wieght and number of laterals; number of laterals with number of furits/plant, fruit diameter and fruit weight;

number of fruits/raceme with number of fruits /plant; fruit length with fruit diameter and fruit weight; and locule number/fruit with fruit weight. The positive intercorrelations observed from the investigation indicated that such characters are indirect selection indices for tomato improvement. For almost all the character pairs, the genotypic correlations were of higher magnitude than the corresponding phenotypic correlations; which indicated that there is strong inherent association between the characters.

However, the negative association that existed between different pairs of yield attributing characters has suggested that selection for these characters has to be exercised consurrently rather than inisolation. Number of fruits per poant exhibited significant and negative association with fruit diameter and fruit weight; this appears to be enforced by the genetiC limitation on the capacity of fruit production. This has emphasized that a balanced number of fruits with medium fruit size is an ideal approach in yield imporvement of tomato.

Thus, it may be concluded that simultaneous sellection for fruits with medium size and weight with medium ealliness and plant height may be given due consideration in selection programmes in tomato.

REFERENCES

Cuartero, J. and Cubero, J. L (1982). Phenotypic and environmental correlation in tomato.

Euphytica. 31 : 151-59.

Dudi, B. S. and Kalloo (1982). Correlation and path analysis studies in tomato. Haryana J.

Hort. Science. 11:122-26.

Raijadhav, S. B_, Kale, P. N. and Oeshmukh, Z. V. (1986). Correlation and reqression studies in tomato.

J.

Maharastra Agric.

univ.

11: 39-40.

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