PDF University of Kota

UNDERGRADUATE SYLLABUS (Geography) Following the choice based credit system (CBCS

)

For academic qualification: Undergraduate certificate, Under graduate Diploma and Three years Bachelor’s degree in Arts (B.A)

Discipline: Geography (Subject/Discipline code-GEO)

Semester Academic Session

Semester I& II 2023-24

Semester III & IV 2024-25

Semester V & VI 2025-26

Scope: All affiliated colleges of the University.

Key features

1. Semester System

2. Multiple Entry and Exit 3. Continuous Assessment 4. Grading System

Guided by

1. Directives of the State Government circulated vide letter no. 418 (10) - 4/2020 ददन ांक 08.06.2023

UNIVERSITY OF KOTA

SCHEME

S.NO Course

code Course

Cat. Title of the Course Duratio n of Exam

Teaching Hrs/Week credit

Distribution of

marks Min Pass

marks

SEMESTER I L P C Inter

.Ass

Sem.

Ass

Tot al

Inte.

Ass

Sem.

Ass

1 GEO1001T DCC Physical Geography

3 hrs 4 - 4 30 70 100 12 28

2 GEO1002P DCC Practical-I Scales and methods of relief representation

4Hrs 2 4 2 - 50 50 - 25

3 AEC-1 AEC English/Hindi

SEMESTER II

4 GEO1003T DCC Climatology and Oceanography

3 hrs 4 - 4 30 70 100 12 28

5 GEO1004P DCC Practical-II Representation of Socio-Economic-Demographic Data

4Hrs 2 4 2 - 50 50 - 25

6 AEC-2 AEC Hindi/English

Exit with certificate in Arts

SEMESTER III

7 GEO1005T DCC Human Geography

3 hrs 4 - 4 30 70 100 12 28

8 GEO1006P DCC Practical-III Representation of Climatic Data

6 hrs 2 4 2 - 50 50 - 25

9 GEC-1 GEC Environmental Science

SEMESTER IV

10 GEO1007T DCC Economic Geography

3 hrs 4 - 4 30 70 100 12 28

11 GEO1008P DCC Practical-IVMaps & Projections

6 Hrs 2 4 2 - 50 50 - 25

12 GEC-2 GEC Computer Application

Exit with diploma in Arts

SEMESTER V

13 GEO1009T DSE Geography of India

3 hrs 4 - 4 30 70 100 12 28

14 GEO1010T DSE Three Northern continents

6 Hrs 2 4 2 - 50 50 - 25

16 GEO1012P DSE Practical-Va-Remote Sensing &

Image processing

6 Hrs 2 4 2 - 50 100 - 25

17 GEO1013P DSE Practical-Vb – Land Surveying &

Field Work

6 Hrs 2 4 2 - 50 50 - 25

18 VAC VAC MulayPravah

SEMESTER VI

19 GEO1014T DSE Geography of Rajasthan

3 hrs 4 - 4 30 70 100 12 28

20 GEO1015T DSE Geography of three southern continents

3 hrs 4 - 4 30 70 100 12 28

21 GEO1017P DSE Practical-VIa–Geographical

Information System

6 Hrs 2 4 2 - 50 50 - 25

22 GEO10178P DSE Practical-VIb–Socio economic survey Techniques

6 Hrs 2 4 2 - 50 50 - 25

Exit with degree in Arts

B.A PART –I Geography-2023

Theory-I Semester Assessment Duration 3 Hrs 70 Marks

Internal Assessment Duration 1 hour 30 Marks The distribution of marks for continuous and external assessement is as under:

Practical-I Duration 6 Hrs 50 Marks (02 Credits)

PHYSICAL Geography CODE-GEO1001T Objectives of the course

The course lays foundation of the fundamentals of geomorphology a sub-branch of Physical Geography. To make students understand their immediate surroundings.

Learning outcomes

 To develop an understanding of theoretical concepts related with formation of the earth. To create strong foundation of various geomorphological phenomena shaping the earth surface.

 To extend knowledge of landform dynamics.

 To cover basic contents for various competitive examinations such as civil services, state level PSC exams, school education exams and so on.

Duration; 3 Hrs Max Marks: 70

The question paper will contain two sections as under-

Section A One compulsory question with ten parts from each unit, short answer in 40 words

For each part Total Marks =20

Section B Five questions with one question from each unit with internal choice (may have sub Divisions) The marks of each question will be 10 marks. Each question to be

answered in 400 words. Total marks=50

Continuous Assessement Weightage External assessement weightage

Total marks/

Total Credits Regular Students Private Students Total Paper based

ExternalEvaluation (Term end

Examination Mid-TermTest Seminar/

project report/

presentation

Report writing Viva-voce

20 10 20 10 30 70 100 (04)

UNIT-I

The nature and scopeof Geomorphology. Theories of Origin of Earth- Kant, Laplace, James Jeans and Big Bang. Geological history of Earth with special reference to India. Interior of Earth, magnetic field of Earth.

भूाअकृतत तिज्ञ न क प्रकृतत एिां तिषय क्षेत्र I पृथ्िी की ाईत्पति के तसद् ांत- क न्त, ल प्ल स, जेम्स जीन्स एिां तबग बैंग तसद् ांत I भ रत के सन्दभभ में पृथ्िी क भूगर्भभक ाआततह स I पृथ्िी की ाअतांररक सांरचन , पृथ्िी क चुम्कत्ि I

UNIT-II

Orogenesis:- Major phases of orogeny, Types of mountains and theories of mountain building- Kober, Holmes and Plate tectonics. Isostacy:- concept and views of Airy and Pratt. Earth movements and related landforms.

पिभत तनम भण:- पिभत तनम भण के प्रमुख क ल, पिभतों के प्रक र, पिभत तनम भण के तसद् ांत- कोबर, होम्स तथ प्लेट तिितभतनकी

Iसमतथथतत;-एयरी तथ प्रेट की ाऄिध रण I भूसांचलन तह सम्बांतधत थथ ल कृततय ाँ I

UNIT-III

Origin of continents and Oceans:- Theories of Lowthian green, Taylor and Continental drift theory of Wegner.

Paleo-magnetism , Sea floor spreading and Plate Tectonics.

मह द्वीपो तथ मह स गरों की ाईत्पति:- लोतथएन ग्रीन , पुर चुम्कत्ि, टेलर तथ िेगनर क मह द्वीपीय प्रि ह तसद् ांत पुर चुम्कत्ि, स गर तनतल प्रसरण तथ प्लेट तिितभतनकी I

UNIT-IV

Rocks:- origin and types, weathering:-types , Mass wasting, Erosion and concepts of erosional cycle- Davis and Penck.

चट्ट नें :- ाईत्पति तथ प्रक र, ाऄपक्षय:-प्रक र, द्रव्यम न सांचलन, ाऄपरदन:-ाऄपदन चक्र की सांकल्पन - डेतिस तथ पेंक

UNIT-V

Erosional and depositional works of following and study of landforms formed:- River, Wind, Glacier, Underground Water and sea waves.

तनम्न प्रक्रमों द्व र दकये ज ने ि ले ाऄपरदन त्मक एिां तनक्षेप त्मक क यभ तथ तनर्भमत थथल कृततयों क ाऄध्ययन- नदी, पिन, तहमनद, भूतमगत जल तथ स गरीय तरांगें I

Suggested Readings सह यक ग्रन्थ / स मग्री

Text Books

 Singh, S., Geomorphology, PrayagPustakalaya, Allahabad, 1998. सविद्र वसह: भौततक भूगोल , िसुन्धर प्रक शन, गोरखपुर

 एच. एस. शम भभौततकभूगोल, पांचशील प्रक शन, जयपुर

 ग यत्रीप्रस दभूाअकृतततिज्ञ न) श रद पुथतक भांड र, 2012

 एसएलगुप्त भूाअकृतततिज्ञ न, वहदी म ध्यम क य भन्ियन तनदेश लय, ददल्ली तिश्वतिद्य लय, 2008

 MonkhouseF. J. Principles of Physical Geography, Hodder andStoughton, London, 1960.

Reference Books

 Sharma, H. S.. Tropical Geomorphology, Concept, New Delhi, 1987..

 Steers, J. A., The Unstable Earth: Some Recent Views in Geography;Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 1964.

 Strahler, A. N. and A. H. Strahler, Modern Physical Geography, John Wiley & Sons, 1992.

Suggested E-resources

 NCERT Geography books of 11th and 12th standards. https://www.thoughtco.com/search?qgeography

 https://bhuvan-appl.nrsc.gov.in/mhrd_ncert/

Practical-I CODE-GEO1002P (02 Credits)

Objectives of the course:-

This is the basic course and sub discipline of Geography. This paper Includes the conceptualization of various aspects including scale and representation of relief features on maps. A map with scale helps the user to estimate the actual size and length of the object indicated on the map. It is aimed to provide knowledge of various methods for the representation of three dimensional relief features on two dimensional surfaces with precision and effective visualization.

Course outcomes:-

 It contains basic concepts and importance of scales.

 It explains various methods for the representation of scales; Statement method. Representative fraction and Graphical scale (Plain, Comparative, Diagonal and Vernier scales).

 It represents characteristics, merits and demerits of all types of scales.

 It provides various methods of relief representation; Pictorial methods, Mathematical methods and Composite Methods. It also deals with characteristics, merits and demerits of all types of methods of relief representation.

SCHEME

Practical- 04 Periods per week per batch of 40 students.

(02 Credits).

Duration 4 Hrs Minimum pass marks- 25 Maximum Marks- 50

1. Lab work (Written Paper Three hrs Duration) 32

2. Record Work and Viva-Voce (one hour) 12+06 18

Note: Record file is to be prepared on the basis of exercises given in class by teacher (On drawing Sheets of size33 x 28 cms)

SCALES AND RELIEF REPRESENTATION

UNIT-I

Scales: Definitions, importance of scales, selection of scales, methods of representations of scales:- Statement method, representative fraction and Graphical method. Conversion of scales.

म पनी: पररभ ष एिां महत्ि: म पनी क चयन: म पनी व्यक्त करने की तितधयों कथन त्मक तितध , तनरूपक तभन्न तितध , म पतनयों क रुप न्तरण।

UNIT-II

Graphical scales:- characteristics and types. Plain scale, Comparative scale. Characteristics, merits and demerits of plain scale and comparative scales.

ाअलेखी म पनी: तिशेषत एाँ गुण एिां दोष: ाअलेखी म पनी प्रक र सरल म पनी एिांतुलन त्मक म पनी (तितभन्न ाआक ाआयों ि ली

म पनी एिां समय म पनी) । ाआन की तिशेषत एां गुण एिां दोष ।

UNIT-III

Diagonal scale, Vernier scale: least count, types of vernier scales. Characteristics , merits and demerits of Diagonal and vernier scales

तिकणभ म पनी ( तितभन्न म त्रक): िर्भनयर म पनी: ाऄल्पतम ांक, िर्भनयर म पनी के (प्रक र तिकणभ ि िर्भनयर म पनी की तिशेषत , गुण ि दोष।

UNIT-IV

Representation of relief:- Introduction and importance and methods of relief representation. Qualitative or pictorial methods- Hachure, Hill shading method, Trachographic method, Morphographic methods- their characteristics, merits and demerits.(04 exercises)

Quantitative or mathematical methods of relief representation:- Spot height, Bench mark, Trigonometric stations, form lines and contour lines (principles of contouring, interpolation and methods of contour representation). Composite methods of relief representation. Their merits and demerits.(05 exercises)

ाईच्च िच तनरुपण पररचय और महत्ि ; ाईच्च िच तनरुपण की तितधय ाँ म त्र त्मक /तचत्रमय: हैश्युर प्रण ली , पिभतीय छ य करण.

ट्रैकोग्र फीय तितध. ाअकृततक तितध एिांाआन तितधयों की तिशेषत ए. गुण ि दोष (4 ाऄभ्य स)

ाईच्च िच तनरूपण की म त्र त्मक / गतणतीय तितधय ाँ: थथ तनक ाउच ाइय ाँ, तल तचन्ह, तत्रकोणतमतत थटेशन, ाअकृतत रेख ए, समोच्च रेख ए ( समोच्च रेख ओ के तसद् न्त समोच्च रेख ओं क ाऄांतिेशन, सम्मोच रेख ओं के तनरूपण की तितधय ां) ाईच्च ि च तनरूपण की

तमतित तितधय ां: ाआन तितधयों की तिशेषत एां गुण ि दोष। (5 ाऄभ्य स)

UNIT-V

Drawing of profiles: Serial, Superimposed, projected and composite profiles.Representation of relief by contours;- conical hill, concave slope, convex slope, escarpment, cliff, ridge, gorge U-Shaped valley, V-shaped valley, Plateau, waterfall, Ox bow lake, Ria coast, Fiord coast.(14 diagrams on 07 sheets)

पररच्छेददक तनरूपण: सांक्रम पररच्छेददक ए (कम से कम च र). ाऄध्य रोतपतपररच्छेददक , प्रतक्षप्त पररच्छेददक . तमि

पररच्छेददक (04 ाऄभ्य स)

समोच्च रेख ओं के द्व र ाईच्च िच लक्षणों क तनरूपण: शांक्व क र पह डी. ाऄितल ढ ल. ाईिल ढ ल. कग र , भृगु कटक, मह खांड, U-ाअक र की घ टी, V-ाअक र की घ टी, पठ र, जलप्रप त, गोखुर झील, ररय तट, दफयोडभ तट । (7 शीट पर 14 ाअरेख)

Suggested Readings सह यक ग्रन्थ / स मग्री

1. Mishra, R.N. and Sharma, P.K.. Practical Geography Methods and Techniques. Pareek Publication, Jaipur 2023.

2. Khullar, D.R, Essentials of Practical Geography. New Academicpublication, Jalandhar 2000.

3. Singh. R.L., Elements of Practical Geography. Kalyani Publication,New Delhi.

4. Khan, M.Z.A., Text Book of Practical Geography. New Delhi 1998.

5. Sarkar, A.K., Practical Geography-A Systematic Approach, Oriental Longman, Calcutta, 1997.

6. जे. पी. शम भ, प्र योतगक भूगोल, रथतोगी प्रक शन, मेरठ, 2016.

7. ाअर. एन. तमि एिां पी. के. शम भ, प्र योतगक भूगोल, र ज पतललकेशन। नाइददल्ली, 2019 8. डी. ाअर. खुल्लर, प्र योतगक भूगोल, कल्य णी पतललकेशन, 2019.

9. डॉ. बी.सी. ज ट, प्र योतगक भूगोल, पांचशील प्रक शन, जयपुर, 2020.

10. ाआन्द्रप ल एिां म थुर म नतचत्र प्रक्षेप. र जथथ न तहन्दीग्रांथ ाऄक दमी, 2017.

SEMESTER –II

Theory-II Semester Assessment Duration 3 Hrs 70 Marks

Internal Assessment Duration 1 hour 30 Marks The distribution of marks for continuous and external assessement is as under:

Practical-II Duration 6 Hrs 50 Marks

Climatology and Oceanography CODE-

GEO1003T

Duration; 3 Hrs Max Marks: 70

Objectives of the course:-

This is a conceptual course in Geography after school level which lays Foundation of the fundamentals of Climatology and Oceanography the two sub-branches of Physical Geography.

 Learning outcomes:-

 To make students understand the climatic phenomena occurring on the earth surface.

 To develop an understanding of theoretical concepts related with oceans dynamic.

 To develop and understanding of the impact of climatic phenomenon on human activities.

 To impart learning related to oceanic resources.

 To cover basic contents for various competitive examinations such civil services, state level PSC exams, school education exams and so on.

The question paper will contain two sections as under-

Continuous Assessement Weightage External assessement weightage

Total marks/

Total Credits Regular Students Private Students Total Paper based External

Evaluation (Term end Examination

Mid-TermTest Seminar/

project report/

presentation

30Report writing

Viva-voce

20 10 20 10 30 70 100 (04)

Section A One compulsory question with ten parts from each unit, short answer in 40 words

For each part Total Marks =20

Section B Five questions with one question from each unit with internal choice (may have sub Divisions) The marks of each question will be 10 marks. Each question to be

answered in 400 words. Total marks=50

UNIT-I

Composition and Structure of atmosphere, Radiation Laws, Insolation and heat budget. Atmospheric temperature:-Horizontal and vertical distribution. Atmospheric pressure, pressure belts

ि युमांडल क सांगठन एिां सांरचन ,तिदकरण के तनयम, सूयभत प एिां ाउष्म सांतुलन I ि युमांडलीय त पम न – क्षैततज एिां

लम्बित तितरण, ि युमांडलीय ि युद ब , ि युद ब पेरटय ां I UNIT-II

Winds-Planetary, periodic and local winds, Jet stream. Atmospheric moisture: humidity, evaporation and condensation, hydrological cycle, types of precipitation, regional and seasonal distribution of rainfall. Air masses and fronts concept, classification and properties.

पिने- ग्रहीय, मौसमी एिां थथ नीय पिने , जेट थट्रीमI ि युमांडलीय नमी,ाअद्रभत ,ि ष्पीकरण एिां सांघनन ज लीय चक्र, िषभण के

प्रक र, िष भ क क्षेत्रीय एिां मौसमी तितरण, ि युर तशयों एिां ि त ग्र: ाऄिध रण , िगीकरण एिां गुण I UNIT –III

Cyclones: Tropical and temperate cyclones, Anti-cyclones. Climatic classification by Koppen, Study of Climatic/ weather Phenomenon: Global Warming Green-house effect, Acid Rain, Heat Island effect

चक्रि ताउष्ण एिां शीतोष्य करटबांधीय चक्रि त, प्रतत चक्रि त , कोपेन द्व र जलि युिगीकरण , जलि यु/मौसमी घटन ओं क

ाऄध्ययन, भूमांडलीय ाउष्मीकरण, ग्रीन-ह ाईस प्रभ ि, एतसड िष भ ाउष्म द्वीप प्रभ ि I

UNIT-IV

Nature and scope of Oceanography. Bottom reliefs of the ocean basins - Indian ocean, Ocean Temperature:

horizontal and vertical distribution. Ocean Salinity, sources, controlling factors, distribution. Ocean currents:- Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean.

समुद्रतिज्ञ न की प्रकृतत एिां तिषयक्षेत्र मह स गरीय तनतल के ाईच्च िच –वहदमह स गर तनतल क ाईच्च िच, मह स गरीय त पम न क्षैततज और ाउध्ि भधर तितरण , मह स गरीय लिणत :-स्रोत तनयांत्रक क रक, तितरण ,मह स गरीय ध र एां ाऄटल ांरटक मह स गर मह स गर, प्रश ांत मह स गर और तहन्द मह स गर।

Unit-V

Tides: Type and theory of origin (equilibrium, Progressive wave and Stationary Wave theory), Coral reefs:

Conditions of growth, types and theories of origin: Darwin, Murray and Daly. Oceans as storehouse of resources for the future. Definition of "Blue Economy'

ज्ि र:- प्रक र एिां ाईत्पति के तसद् ांत (प्रग मी तरांग तसद् ांत एिां तथथर तरांग तसद् ांत। प्रि ल तभति:-तिक स की दश एां, ाईत्पति

के तसद् ांत-ड र्भिन मरे और डेली के तिच र , भतिष्य के तलए मह स गर सांस धनों के भांड र के रूप में नी ली ाऄथभव्यिथथ की

पररभ ष I

Suggested Readings सह यक ग्रन्थ / स मग्री

Text Books

 singh, Savindra, 20221. Climatology, PrayagPustakBhawan, Allahabad

 Singh, Savindra, 2021. Oceanography, PrayagPustakBhawan, Allahabad

 एच. एस. शम भभौततकभूगोल, पांचशील प्रक शन, जयपुर

 डी. एस. ल लजलि युएिांसमुद्रतिज्ञ न

 के. तति री : जलि युतिज्ञ नकेमूलतत्त्ि, र ज वहदी ग्रन्थ ाऄक दमी, जयपुर

 बी. सी. नेगी: जलि युतिज्ञ नतथ समुद्रतिज्ञ न, केद रन थ र मन थ, मेरठ

 रमेशचन्द्रबेनजी: मौसम तिज्ञ न, 1973 Reference Books

 Trewartha, G.T. and Horn, L.H., 1980.

An Introduction to Climate, International Students' Edition, McGraw Hill, New Delhi. Monkhouse, F. J.Principles of Physical Geography, Hodder and

 Stoughton, London, 1960.

 A. N. and A. H. Strahler, Modern Physical Geography, JohnWiley & Sons, 1992 Suggested E- resources

 NCERT Geography books of 11th and 12th standards.

 https://www.thoughtco.com/search?q=geography

 School BhuvanNRSCwebsitehttps://bhuvan-appl.nrsc.gov.in/mhrd_ncert/

 https://earth.nullschool.net

 https://www.un.org/regularprocess/sites/www.un.org.regularprocess/files/rok_part_2.pdf

 https://thecommonwealth.org/bluecharter/sustainable-blue-economy

PRACTICAL-II GEO1004P (04 Credits) Objectives of the course:-

 Developing an understanding of the socio-economic-demographic phenomenon through interpretation of diagrams.

 Developing preliminary professional cartographic skills of representation of socio-economic- demographic data.

Learning objectives:-

 Cartography as a Science,

 To summarize and represent socio-economic-demographic data using appropriate methods.

 To differentiate between the various types of diagrams, and understand their relative merits, limitations and uses.

 The principles and rules of effective cartographic representation of socio-economic-demographic data.

 Developing understanding of Insights diagrammatic representation of data gained through diagrammatic representation of data.

SCHEME

Practical- 04 Periods per week per batch of 40 students.

(02 Credits).

Duration 4 Hrs Minimum pass marks- 25 Maximum Marks- 50

3. Lab work (Written Paper Three hrs Duration) 32

4. Record Work and Viva-Voce (one hour) 12+06 18

Note: Record file is to be prepared on the basis of exercises given in class by teacher (On drawing Sheets of size 33 x 28 cms )

REPRESENTATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC-DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

UNIT-I

Cartography as a science- Nature, scope, and history of cartography: cartographic materials and tools. Meaning of socio-economic and demographic data. Data types-Qualitative and Qualitative data.

म नतचत्रकल एक तिज्ञ न प्रकृतत, ाऄध्ययन-क्षेत्र एिां ाआततह स म नतचत्रण की - स मग्री एिां ाईपकरण स म तजक-ाअर्भथक जन ांदककीय ाअाँकडों क ाऄथभ, ाअांकडों के प्रक र गुण त्मक एिां म त्र त्मक ाअांकडे ।

UNIT-II

Diagrams-meaning and classification. Difference between graphs and Diagrams. One dimensional diagram:

Line diagram, Bar diagram- Simple Bar, Compound Bar, Multiple bar and Duo-directional bar.pyramid diagram- meaning and types; Simple, super imposed and compound pyramid diagram.(08 exercises)

ाअरेख ाऄथभ एिां िगीकरण, ाअरेख एिां ाअलेख में ाऄांतर एक तिमीय ाअरेख रेख - ाअरेख , दण्ड ाअरेख सरल दण्ड ाअरेख, तमतित दण्ड ाअरेख, बहु दांड ाअरेख, द्वीददश दांड ाअरेख ।तपर तमड ाअरेख - • ाऄथभ एिां प्रक र सरल, ाऄध्य रोतपत एिां तमतित तपर तमड (8 ाऄभ्य स

UNIT-III

Two dimensional Diagrams- meaning and types; Unit square diagram, Square block diagram, Rectangular diagram- simple rectangular diagram, wheel diagram, Ring diagram.(08 exercises)

तद्व-तिमीय ाअरेख ाऄथभ एिां प्रक र : ाआक ाइ िगभ ाअरेख , िग भक र, ललॉक ाअरेख, ाअयत क र ाअरेख स ध रण ाअयत क र ाअरेख , तिभ तजत | ाअयत क र ाअरेख, चक्र ाअरेख । (5 ाऄभ्य स)

UNIT-IV

Three dimensional diagrams- meaning and types; Spherical Diagram, Cube diagram; Sten De Geer’s and Stilgen-Baur’s methods of population distribution Bar diagram maps and Pie diagram maps.(06 exercises) तत्रतिमीय ाअरेख तत्रतिमीय ाअरेख क ाऄथ एिां प्रक र , गोलीय ाअरेख, घन रेख, जनसांख्य तितरण हेतु थटेन-डी-गीर एिां

तथटलजेन बोाऄर की तितधाः दण्ड ाअरेख म नतचत्र, िृि रेख म नतचत्र | (6 ाऄभ्य स)

UNIT-V

Graphs- Simple linear graph, Poly linear graph. Representation of Transport data, Value-area cartogram, Traffic flow diagram. (08 exercises). Basic theoretical knowledge of Chain and tape survey

ाअलेख- स ध रण रैतखक ाअलेख , बहु रैतखक ाअलेख | य त य त के ाअांकडों क तनरूपण म न रेख क्षेत्र मूल्य म न रेखय त य त प्रि ह ाअरेख ।सरक री िेि स्रोतों से निीनतम स म तजक-ाअर्भथक-जन ांदककीय ाअांकडे प्र प्त | करन - जनगणन / य त य त / कृतष / भूतम ाईपयोग के ाअांकडे ाईपयुक्त ाअरेख / ाअलेख द्व र प्रदर्भशत करन । (8 ाऄभ्य स)

Suggested Readings सह यक ग्रन्थ / स मग्री

BOOKS

 Mishra R N and Sharma P K., Practical Geography:: Methods and Techniques, Pareek Publications.

 Mishra R.P. Fundamentals of Cartography. Concept PublishingCompany Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi..

 Khullar, D.R.: Essentials of Practical Geography. New AcademicPublishing Company, Jalandhar.

 Singh. R. L & Singh. R.P.B. Elements of Practical Geography. KalyaniPublishers. New Delhi.

 Singh. R.L... Elements of Practical Geography. Student Friends.Allahabad. तमि . ाअर. एन.ए प्र योतगक भूगोल, र ित पतललकेशन, जयपुर।

 शम भ, जे.पी. प्रयोग त्मक भूगोल की रूपरेख , रथतोगी पतललकेशन्स, मेरठ।

 खुल्लर, डी. ाअर. प्रयोग त्मक भूगोल के तत्ि, न्यू एकेडेतमक पतललवशगकांपनी, ज लांधर।

Reference Books

 Raize. E. General Cartography. McGraw Hill Book Co. London.Monkhouse F.J. and Wilkinson H.R., Maps and Diagrams, B.I.Publications Pvt. Ltd.

 Robinson A.H., Morrison J.L., Muchrcke P.C., Kimerling AJ. andGuptill, S.C., Elements of Cartography. 6th Edition, Wiley

Suggested E-resources

 https://censusindia.gov.in

 https://rajcensus.gov.in

 https://mospl.gov.in/27-socio-economic-statistics

 https://secc.gov.in

 https://unstats.un.org

 https://www.Indiastat.com

 https://data.worldbank.org

 https://bhuvan nrsc.gov.in