QUESTION PAPER DECEMBER 2018 | Central Teacher Eligibility Test | India

Bg nwpÒVH$m _| ²⁰> _w{–V n•> h¢ü& narjm nwpÒVH$m gߪ`m

This Book let con tains 20 printed pages. Test Book let No.

‡ÌZ-nÃççI / PAPER—I

Ag{_`m

^mfm n[a{eÔ> / ASSAMESE LANGUAGE SUPPLEMENT

^mJ IV & V / PART IV & V narjm nwpÒVH$m gßHo$V

Test Booklet Code

In struc tions for Candidates :

1. This Booklet is a Supplement to the Main Test Booklet for those candidates who wish to answer EITHER Part—IV (Language—I) OR Part—V (Language—II) in ASSAMESE language, but NOT BOTH.

2. Candidates are required to answer Parts I, II, III from the Main Test Booklet and Parts IV and V from the languages chosen by them.

3. Questions on English and Hindi languages for Part—IV and Part—V have been given in the Main Test Booklet.

Language Supplements can be asked for separately.

4. Use Black/Blue Ballpoint Pen only for writing particulars on this page/marking responses in the Answer Sheet.

5. The CODE for this Language Booklet is I. Make sure that the CODE printed on Side-2 of the Answer Sheet and on your Main Test Booklet is the same as that on this Language Supplement Test Booklet. In case of discrepancy, the candidate should immediately report the matter to the Invigilator for replacement of the Language Supplement Test Booklet.

6. This Test Booklet has Two Parts, IV and V, consisting of 60 Objective-type Questions and each carrying 1 mark : Part—IV : Language—I (Assamese) (Q. Nos. 91–120) Part—V : Language—II (Assamese) (Q. Nos. 121–150) 7. Part—IV contains 30 questions for Language—I and Part—V contains 30 questions for Language—II. In this Test Booklet, only questions pertaining to Assamese Language have been given. In case, the language(s) you have opted for as Language—I and/or Language—II is a language other than Assamese, please ask for a Test Booklet that contains questions on that language.

The languages being answered must tally with the languages opted for in your Application Form.

8. Candidates are required to attempt questions in Part—V (Language—II) in a language other than the one chosen as Language—I (Part—IV) from the list of languages.

9. Rough work should be done only in the space provided in the Test Booklet for the same.

10. The answers are to be recorded on the OMR Answer Sheet only. Mark your responses carefully. No whitener is allowed for changing answers.

narjm{W©`m| Ho$ {bE {ZX}e :

1. `h nwpÒVH$m _wª` narjm nwpÒVH$m H$m EH$ n[a{eÔ> h°, CZ narjm{W©`m| Ho$ {bE Omo `m Vmo ^mJçç^IV (^mfmçç^I) `m ^mJçç<sup>V</sup> (^mfmçç<sup>II</sup>) Ag{_`m ^mfm _| XoZm MmhVo h¢, bo{H$Z XmoZm| Zhtü&

2. narjmWu ^mJ ^{I, II, III} Ho$ CŒma _wª` narjm nwpÒVH$m go X| Am°a ^mJ ^IV d ^V Ho$ CŒma CZHo$ ¤mam MwZr ^mfmAm| goü&

3. AßJ´oOr d {h›Xr ^mfm na ‡ÌZ _wª` narjm nwpÒVH$m _| ^mJçç^IV d ^mJçç^V Ho$ A›VJ©V {XE JE h¢ü& ^mfm n[a{eÔ>m| H$mo Amn AbJ go _m±J gH$Vo h¢ü&

4. Bg n•> na {ddaU Aß{H$V H$aZo Edß CŒma-nà na {ZemZ bJmZo Ho$ {bE Ho$db H$mbo/Zrbo ~m∞bnm∞BßQ> noZ H$m ‡`moJ H$a|ü&

5. Bg ^mfm nwpÒVH$m H$m gßHo$V I h°ü& `h gw{Z{¸V H$a b| {H$ Bg ^mfm n[a{eÔ>

narjm nwpÒVH$m H$m gßHo$V, CŒma-nà Ho$ n•>-² Edß _wª` narjm nwpÒVH$m na N>no gßHo$V go {_bVm h°ü& AJa `h {^fi hmo, Vmo narjmWu Xygar ^mfm n[a{eÔ>

narjm nwpÒVH$m boZo Ho$ {bE {ZarjH$ H$mo Vwa›V AdJV H$amE±ü&

6. Bg narjm nwpÒVH$m _| Xmo ^mJ ^IV Am°a ^V h¢, {OZ_| ⁶⁰ dÒVw{Z> ‡ÌZ h¢ VWm

‡À`oH$ ¹ AßH$ H$m h° :

^mJ^—IV: ^mfm^—I (Ag{_`m) (‡ÌZ gß0 ^91–120)

^mJ^—V : ^mfm^—II (Ag{_`m) (‡ÌZ gß0 ^121–150)

7. ^mJ^—IV _| ^mfm^—I Ho$ {bE ³⁰ ‡ÌZ Am°a ^mJ^—V _| ^mfm^—II Ho$ {bE

30 ‡ÌZ {XE JE h¢ü& Bg narjm nwpÒVH$m _| Ho$db Ag{_`m ^mfm go gÂ~p›YV

‡ÌZ {XE JE h¢ü& `{X ^mfm<sup>—I</sup> Am°a/`m ^mfm^—II _| AmnHo$ ¤mam MwZr JB© ^mfm(E±) Ag{_`m Ho$ Abmdm h°/h¢, Vmo H•$n`m Cg ^mfm dmbr narjm nwpÒVH$m _m±J b|ü& {OZ ^mfmAm| Ho$ ‡ÌZm| Ho$ CŒma Amn Xo aho h¢

dh AmdoXZ-nà _| MwZr JB© ^mfmAm| go AdÌ` _ob ImZr Mm{hEü&

8. narjmWu ^mJ^—V (^mfm^—II) Ho$ {bE ^mfm gyMr go Eogr ^mfm MwZ|

Omo CZHo$ ¤mam ^mfm^—I (^mJ^—IV) _| MwZr JB© ^mfm go {^fi hmoü&

9. aµ\$ H$m`© narjm nwpÒVH$m _| Bg ‡`moOZ Ho$ {bE Xr JB© Imbr OJh na hr H$a|ü&

10. g^r CŒma Ho$db ^OMR CŒma-nà na hr Aß{H$V H$a|ü& AnZo CŒma ‹`mZnyd©H$

Aß{H$V H$a|ü& CŒma ~XbZo hoVw úoV aßOH$ H$m ‡`moJ {Z{f’ h°ü&

I

MVD18–I

Bg narjm nwpÒVH$m H$mo V~ VH$ Z Imob| O~ VH$ H$hm Z OmEü&

Do not open this Test Book let un til you are asked to do so.

Bg narjm nwpÒVH$m Ho$ {nN>bo AmdaU (n•> gߪ`m <sup>20</sup>) na {XE JE {ZX}em| H$mo ‹`mZ go nãT>|ü&

Read care fully the In struc tions on the Back Cover (Page No. 20) of this Test Book let.

LANG. CODE

03

Ag{_`m _| {ZX}em| Ho$ {bE Bg nwpÒVH$m H$s n•> gߪ`m ² d ¹⁹ XoI|ü&

For In struc tions in Assamese, see Page Nos. 2 and 19 of this Book let.

Name of the Candidate (in Capital letters) Roll Number (in figures)

(in words)

Centre of Examination (in Capital letters)

narjmWu H$m Zm_ (~ãS>o Ajam| _|) :

(e„Xm| _|) : AZwH´$_mßH$ (AßH$m| _|) :

narjm-Ho$›– (~ãS>o Ajam| _|) :

narjmWu Ho$ hÒVmja : {ZarjH$ Ho$ hÒVmja :

&Òü š¹ãÛ¡o-¤Òãt¡ ²⁰i¡à šõË¡à "àìá š¹ãÛ¡o-¤ÒãJ>¹ ëA¡àl¡

A¡àA¡t¡

^—I

"γãÚà ®¡àÈà Jr¡

^—IV

"à¹ç¡

^V

&“¸ öπ„¤°o-§“„J> Ît°‡≥‡A° JÂ[∫§Ó∫ Î>‡ÏA°‡Ø‡Ó∫ÏA° >ÂJÂ[∫§‡°˙

&“¸ öπ„¤°o-§“„J>π [ö·π öıÀ°‡t° (öıÀ°‡ ¹⁹ "‡πÁ° ²⁰) =A°‡ [>ÏÉ¢≈>‡ ≥Ï>‡Ïô‡ÏKÏπ öÿn°‡°˙

ö¯‡=„¢π >‡≥ :

("‡JÏπÏπ) : Îπ‡∫ >¥¨π (Œ}J∏‡Ïπ) :

öπ„¤°‡ÏA°ñɯ :

ö¯‡=„¢π W°“„ : [>π„¤°A°π W°“„ :

Facsimile signature stamp of Centre Superintendent

š¹ãÛ¡à=㢹 ¤à줡 [>샢Å>à :

1. &“¸ §“„J> ≥ÂJ∏ öπ„¤°o-§“„J>π Œ“‡⁄A° [“W°‡Ïö ÎŒ“¸ ŒA°∫ öπ„¤°‡=„¢A° [É⁄‡ Ì“Ï· [ôÏ⁄ "Œ≥„⁄‡ Æ°‡»‡π Jr°^—IV (Æ°‡»‡^—I)

(Part—IV, Lan guage—I) §‡ Jr°^—V (Æ°‡»‡^—II) (Part—V, Lan guage—II)-π l°¸v°π A°[π§ [§W°‡Ïπ°˙ [A°îÒ ÉÂÏ⁄‡i°‡

Jr°π l°¸v°π A°[π§ Î>‡Ø‡[π§°˙

2. öπ„¤°‡=„¢ŒA°Ï∫ ≥ÂJ∏ öπ„¤°o-§“„π öπ‡—I, II, III Jr°π l°¸v°π A°[π§ ∫‡[K§ "‡πÁ° Ît°*ÚÏ∫‡ÏA° [>§¢‡W°> A°π‡ Æ°‡»‡π Jr°^—IV "‡πÁ°

Jr°^—V A°[π§ ∫‡[K§°˙

3. “¸}π‡\„ "‡πÁ° [“ñÉ„ Æ°‡»‡π ^IV "‡πÁ° ^V Jr°π ö¯≈óŒ≥Ë“ ≥ÂJ∏ öπ„¤°o-§“„π ÌŒÏt° [É⁄‡ Ì“Ï·°˙ Æ°‡»‡ Œ“‡⁄A°Œ≥Ë“ "‡ÚW°t°„⁄‡ÓA° Ì∫ l°¸v°π [ɧ ö‡[π§°˙

4. &“¸ öıÀ°‡t° [>[É¢ ° [§»⁄Œ≥Ë“ ÎA°Ø∫ [∫[J§Ó∫ "‡πÁ° l°¸v°πŒ≥Ë“ [W°[“˚°t° A°[π§Ó∫ A¡ºà^/>ãºà ¤º ëš> §∏Ø“‡π A°[𧇰˙

5. &“¸J> Æ°‡»‡ §“„π (Language Booklet) ÎA°‡l° “í∫ I. &“¸Ïi°‡ [>[∆W°t° A°π‡ Îô l°¸v°π-§“„π [‡t¡ãÚ [š[k¡, ≥ÂJ∏ öπ„¤°o-§“„

"‡πÁ° Æ°‡»‡ Œ“‡⁄A°t° &ÏA°ãπÏo &“¸ ÎA°‡l°Ïi°‡ [∫J‡ "‡Ï·°˙ öπ„¤°‡=„¢Ï⁄ “¸⁄‡π [A°§‡ ÎJ[∫Ï≥[∫ ÎÉ[JÏ∫ [>π„¤°A°A° (Invigilator)

\>‡§ "‡πÁ° Æ°‡»‡ Œ“‡⁄A° öπ„¤°o-§“„ Œ∫‡“¸ ∫í§°˙

6. &“¸ öπ„¤°o-§“„π ÉÂi°‡ Jr°^—IV "‡πÁ° Jr°^—V60 i°‡ W°≥ ãπoπ ö¯≈ó (Objective-type Questions) "‡Ï·°˙ ö¯Ït°∏A° ö¯≈óÏt°

1 >¥¨πÓA° [É⁄‡ Ì“Ï· :

Jr°^—IV : Æ°‡»‡^—I ("Œ≥„⁄‡) (ö¯≈ó ⁹¹π öπ‡ ¹²⁰ Ì∫)

Jr°^—V : Æ°‡»‡^—II ("Œ≥„⁄‡) (ö¯≈ó ¹²¹π öπ‡ ¹⁵⁰ Ì∫)

7. Jr°^—IV t° Æ°‡»‡^—I π §‡Ï§ ³⁰ i°‡ ö¯≈ó [É⁄‡ Ì“Ï· "‡πÁ° Jr°^—V t° Æ°‡»‡^—II π §‡Ï§ ³⁰ i°‡ ö¯≈ó [É⁄‡ Ì“Ï·°˙ &“¸ öπ„¤°o-§“„t°

ö¯≈óŒ≥Ë“ ÎA°Ø∫ "Œ≥„⁄‡ Æ°‡»‡π §‡Ï§Ï“ [É⁄‡ Ì“Ï·°˙ ®¡àÈ๠ëÛ¡yt¡ ™[ƒ ®¡àÈà^—I "=¤à ®¡àÈà^—II "γãÚ๠¤à[Òì¹ ">¸ ®¡àÈàt¡

šøÅ— [ƒÚà íÒìá ët¡ì>Ò’ìº ëÎÒü ®¡àÈàìi¡à¹ šøÅ— =A¡à š¹ãÛ¡o-¤Òã Jå[\ º’¤à¡ú ët¡à³à¹ "à쯃> šyt¡ (Application Form) l¡üìÀJ A¡¹à ®¡àÈàìi¡àt¡ìÒ š¹ãۡ๠l¡üv¡¹ [º[J¤ šà[¹¤à¡ú

8. š¹ãÛ¡à=ã¢ìÚ Jr¡¡^—V (®¡àÈà^—II) šøÅ—ì¤à¹¹ l¡üv¡¹ Jr¡¡^—IV (®¡àÈà^—I)t¡ [>¤¢à[W¡t¡ A¡¹à ®¡àÈ๠ƒì¹ A¡[¹¤ ºà[K¤¡ú

9. ö¯Ï≈ó‡v°π𠧇ÏÉ §‡[“π‡ A°‡ô¢ ÎA°Ø∫ öπ„¤°o-§“„t° =A°‡ [>㢇[πt° k°‡“¸t°Ï“ A°[π§ ö‡[π§°˙

10. ö¯≈óπ l°¸v°πϧ‡π ÎA°Ø∫ ^OMR l°¸v°π-§“„t°Ï“ [∫[ö§á˝° A°[π§ ∫‡[K§°˙ Ît°‡≥‡π l°¸v°πϧ‡π ŒôÏ‚ó A°π‡°˙ l°¸v°π Œ∫‡§Ó∫ §K‡ "=§‡

">∏ π} §∏Ø“‡π A°[π§ Î>‡Ø‡[𧇰˙

I

MVD18–I

LANG. CODE

03

öπ„¤°‡=¢„ŒA°Ï∫ ô[ÉÏ“ "Œ≥„⁄‡ [§»⁄Ïi°‡ ®¡àÈà ^–I

(Language–I) [“W°‡Ïö Ì∫Ï·, Ît°Ï>“íÏ∫

Part–IV ¹ (šøÅ— >} ⁹¹ -¹ š¹à ¹²⁰ íº) l°¸v°π A°[π§°˙

Candidates should attempt the questions from Part–IV (Q. Nos.

91–120), if they have opted

ASSAMESE as Language–I only.

Part—IV /

Jr¡

^—IV

Language—I /

®¡àÈà

^—I

Assamese /

"γãÚà

öπ„¤°‡=¢„ŒA°Ï∫ ô[ÉÏ“ "Œ≥„⁄‡ [§»⁄Ïi°‡ ®¡àÈà^–I (Language–I) [“W°‡Ïö Ì∫Ï·, Ît°Ï>“íÏ∫ ^Part–IV π (šøÅ— >} ⁹¹-¹ š¹à ¹²⁰ íº) l°¸v°π A°[π§°˙

[>샢Š: t°∫t° [É⁄‡ ö¯≈óŒ≥Ë“π (ö¯≈ó >} ⁹¹-π öπ‡

105 Ì∫) t°∫t° W°‡[πi°‡ÓA° [§A°ø l°¸v°π [É⁄‡ "‡Ï·°˙

"‡i°‡“¸t°ÓA° l°¸öôÂv°˚° [§A°ø l°¸v°πÏi°‡ §‡[W° l°¸[∫*ØÚ‡°:

91. [≈A°‡πÁ°A° Îô[t°⁄‡ §‡>‡> "‡πÁ° [§π‡≥[W°“˚°

(punctuation) l°¸ƒt° A°[π§Ó∫ [≈ÏA°‡Ø‡ “⁄, Ît°[t°⁄‡ [Œ“Út°π^—

(1) [≈A°> ¤°≥t°‡ t°„›° “⁄

(2) «°á˝°t°‡ §‡ [>JÚÂi°t°‡ l°¸ƒt° “⁄

(3) Œ∫Œ∫„⁄‡ÓA° A°í§ öπ‡ ¤°≥t°‡ t°=‡

">K¢∫t°‡ §[á˝¢°t° “⁄

(4) Œı[ °≈„∫t°‡“¸ öÂ[ ° ö‡⁄

92. Æ°‡»‡π Î≈¯o„ &i°‡t° Œ}Kk°>§‡É (constructivism)-π "=¢ Ì“Ï·^—

(1) ·‡y-·‡y„ŒA°Ï∫ ̧Œ‡Éı≈∏≥Ë∫A° [§[Æ°ƒ ãπoπ >≥Â>‡ "ã∏⁄> A°[π &i°‡ l°¸öôÂv°˚°

Œ≥‡ã‡>t° l°¸ö>„t° “⁄°˙

(2) ·‡y-·‡y„ŒA°Ï∫ [§[Æ°ƒ ãπoπ ≥‡ã∏≥π

§∏Ø“‡π A°[π [>\π [>\π ŒËyπ Œı[ ° A°Ïπ˙

(3) ·‡y-·‡y„ŒA°Ï∫ [>\π Χ‡ã Kk°> A°Ïπ

"‡πÁ° [§[Æ°ƒ "[Æ°`°t°‡π ≥‡Ï\Ïπ ≈¶π `°‡>

"‡“πo A°[π "[Æ°`°t°‡Œ≥Ë“ Æ°‡»‡ ɤ°t°‡Ïπ ö¯[t°Û°[∫t° A°Ïπ°˙

(4) ·‡y-·‡y„ŒA°Ï∫ [>\π [≈A°>-Œ‡≥N¯„ ö¯—Òt°

A°Ïπ "‡πÁ° ö¯t°∏¤° "[Æ°`°t°‡ ∫‡Æ° A°Ïπ˙

93. Æ°‡πt°t° "‡e°[∫A° Æ°‡»‡π [§A°‡≈π Τ°yt° t°∫π ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡ ö¯t°∏‡‘‡> [“W°‡Ïö ãπ‡ >“⁄?

(1) &“¸ [§»Ï⁄ ≥‡>“π "`°t°‡

(2) Œ‡-ŒÂ[§ã‡π "Æ°‡Ø

(3) &“¸ ã‡πo‡t° =A°‡ á∏=¢A°t°‡

(4) ">§‡Éπ \[i°∫t°‡

94. Æ°‡»‡ "‡“πo Ì“Ï·^—

(1) ÎA°Ø∫ ö¯Ï⁄‡\>„⁄ ≈¶Œ¥±‡ππ §∏Ø“‡π˙

(2) [≈«°ÏØ [>\π ≥‡tı°Æ°‡»‡ [≈[A°§ öπ‡

ö[πϧ≈A° l°¸ÉK[> Îô‡ÏK‡Ø‡ &A° ÎA°Ô≈∫˙

(3) §∏‡A°πoπ [§Ï≈√»o "‡πÁ° Χ‡ãπ A°‡πÏo &A°

≈ı}J∫‡Kt° öá˝°[t°˙

(4) ≥‡>Ø ≥[—zÕHπ ö¯Aı°[t°Kt° ¤°≥t°‡π A°‡πÏo Æ°‡»‡ [≈A°‡π &A° ö¯[y˚°⁄‡˙

95. Æ°‡»‡π [≈¤°A° &\Ï> [∫J> ɤ°t°‡ ÎA°Ï>ÉÏπ [≈A°‡§ ö‡Ïπ?

(1) ≈¯Á°t°[∫[ö [É

(2) [≈«°“Út°A° ö[πö‡[i°ÓA° [∫[J§Ó∫ [É

(3) ≥K\Ât° [W°îz‡π ÎJ‡π‡A° Îô‡ÏK‡Ø‡ ã‡πo‡Ïπ

"‡πÁ° [≈A°‡πÁ°A° [Œ“Út°π [>\π Æ°‡»‡t°

[∫[J§Ó∫ [É

(4) [≈A°‡πÁ°A° [>§fiÍ° [≈[A°§Ó∫ [É

96. Æ°‡»‡ &i°‡ Œ∫Œ∫„⁄‡ÓA° A°í§ öπ‡ ¤°≥t°‡ [A°ÉÏπ

§ı[á˝° A°[π§ öπ‡ ô‡⁄?

(1) ·‡y-·‡y„π ÌŒÏt° A°=‡ ö‡[t°

(2) ·‡y-·‡y„Ï⁄ §Â[\ >‡ö‡Ï∫ ≥Ï> ≥Ï> §[“

=‡[A°§Ó∫ ">Â≥[t° [É

(3) Æ°∫ "‡R°[∫⁄‡“¸ ÎŒ“¸Ï§‡π k°‡“¸Ït° «°ãπ‡“¸ [É

(4) A°Ï=‡öA°=>π á‡π‡ Îô‡K‡Ïô‡Kπ ŒÂÏô‡K Œı[ ° A°[π

97. &i°‡ Æ°‡»‡ [≈ÏA°‡Ø‡π Û°∫ö¯ŒË ö‡k° &i°‡π "‡π¥±[o

“⁄^—

(1) [≈[A°§∫K„⁄‡ [§»⁄ϧ‡ππ t°‡[∫A°‡

ö¯—Òt°A°πot°

(2) Œ‡π‡}≈ A°=>π öÂ>π‡§ı[v° "‡πÁ° ·‡y-·‡y„A°

A°‡ô¢ [É ">ÂÏö¯[πt° A°[π

(3) ö‡k°Ïi°‡π ö¯Œ}K l°¸x‡ö> A°[π

(4) Χ√A° Χ‡l¢°t° [∫[J

98. [>ɇ>≥Ë∫A° t°=‡ l°¸öW°‡π‡uA° [≈¤°o Ì“Ï·°^—

(1) &A° "‡ÏÉ≈‡uA° A°‡ô¢

(2) &A° [>ÏÉ¢≈≥Ë∫A° A°‡ô¢

(3) &A° >d°=¢A° A°‡ô¢

(4) &A° ÌŒá˝°‡[îzA° A°‡ô¢

99. Æ°‡»‡ ɤ°t°‡ ÎA°Ï>ÉÏπ [≈ÏA°‡Ø‡ l°¸[W°t°?

(1) —ö ° §∏‡J∏‡π á‡π‡

(2) [>πÏ∫ §‡ &A°‡îzt°

(3) &A°[yt° ãπÏoÏπ

(4) ">ÂA°πoπ á‡π‡

100. Æ°‡»‡ [≈A°‡π ö¯[y˚°⁄‡t° ·‡y-·‡y„Ï⁄ l°¸ZW°‡πo A°ÏπÚ‡Ït° "‡u[§≈´‡Œπ "Æ°‡Ø ÎÉJ‡ ÌKÏ·°˙ &“¸

"ؗLJÏi°‡ ÎA°Ï>ÓA° "[t°y˚°≥ A°[π§ öπ‡ ô‡§?

(1) Î≈¯o„ÏA°‡k°‡t° l°‡R°π l°‡R°πÓA° ≈¶ A°[π ö[ÿn°

(2) >‡i°∏A°‡ô¢π ≥‡Ï\Ïπ &Ï> A°‡ô¢ [ɧ ∫‡ÏK ôít° [≈«°“ÚÏt° “¸Ïi°‡Ï⁄ [ŒÏi°‡π ∫Kt° A°=‡

ö‡Ït

(3) Æ°∫ϧ‡π k°‡“¸Ït° «°ãπ‡“¸ [É

(4) Æ°‡»‡ [§Ï≈»`°π Œ“‡⁄ Ì∫ [§Ï≈» A°‡ô¢ §‡

K[t°[§[ãπ "‡Ï⁄‡\> A°[π

101. ö¯≈óA°‡A°t° &J> ö¯—Òt° A°π‡π ö‡·t° [≈¤°A°\Ï>

öπ„¤°o l°¸ÏÑ≈∏t° (testing objectives) W°A°

ÛÂ°π‡“¸Ï·°˙ ö¯≈óA°‡A°t°J>π ≥Ë∫t°@ ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡ [É≈t°

[≈¤°A°\Ï> P°πÁ°Œ [ÉÏ·?

(1) [§»⁄§—Ò Œ‡≥[π Î∫‡Ø‡t°

(2) ö¯≈óϧ‡ππ ö¯A°‡πt°

(3) [§≈´‡ŒÏô‡K∏t°‡t°

(4) ̧ãt°‡t°

102. t°∫π ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡ ök°>π "ŒÂ[§ã‡π ∫¤°o >“⁄?

(1) §o¢ "‡πÁ° ≈¶ [W°[> Îö‡Ø‡t° "ŒÂ[§ã‡

(2) §‡>‡>π Œ‡≥gŒ∏t° "ŒÂ[§ã‡

(3) ök°>π K[t° "‡πÁ° ">K¢∫t°‡t° "ŒÂ[§ã‡

(4) ≈¶ "‡πÁ° ã‡πo‡ §Â[\ Îö‡Ø‡t° "ŒÂ[§ã‡

103. Æ°‡»‡π ö¯Aı°[t° ŒñÉÆ¢°t° t°∫π ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡ l°¸[v°˚° «°á˝°

>“⁄°?

(1) ö¯[t°Ïi°‡ Æ°‡»‡Ïπ [>\—¨ Kk°> =‡ÏA°°˙

(2) Œ}—Aı°[t° "‡πÁ° ŒÆ°∏t°‡π ∫Kt° Æ°‡»‡

Œ¥ö[A¢°t°˙

(3) Æ°‡»‡“¸ Œπ∫π öπ‡ \[i°∫Ó∫ K[t° A°Ïπ˙

(4) Æ°‡»‡ Œ}Ï≈√»oπ öπ‡ [§Ï≈√»oÓ∫ ô‡⁄˙

104. t°∫t° [É⁄‡ ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡ Î≈¯o„ÏA°‡k°‡π ">Â≈„∫Ï>

Æ°‡»‡π Î≥Ô[JA° ¤°≥t°‡ [§A°‡≈ Œ¤°≥ A°[π Ît°‡Ï∫?

(1) [≈¤°A°π ÌŒÏt° Œ≥—¨Ïπ ö‡k°∏öÂ[=π "îzK¢t°

A°‡[“>„ &i°‡ öÿn°‡

(2) ≈¶π «°á˝° l°¸ZW°‡πo Œ≥—¨Ïπ ">Â≈„∫> A°π‡

(3) &A°A°Æ°‡ÏØ öÉ∏ ≥ÂJ—Ç A°[π "‡§ı[v° A°π‡

(4) [ö¯⁄ A°‡[“>„ &ÏA°‡i°‡π W°[πy πÍ°ö‡⁄ot°

"}≈N¯“o A°π‡°

105. âÁ°t° ök°>π l°¸ÏÑ≈∏ Ì“Ï·^—

(1) "‡N¯“ l°¸ÏâA° A°π‡

(2) [>[É¢ ° [§»⁄-§o¢> \>‡

(3) [§—zıt° ö‡k°

(4) t°=∏ [§W°π‡

[>샢Š: t°∫t° [É⁄‡ πW°>‡Jr° ≥Ï>‡Ïô‡ÏKÏπ ö[ÿn° (ö¯≈ó >}

106-π öπ‡ ¹¹⁴ Ì∫) "‡i°‡“¸t°ÓA° l°¸öôÂv°˚° [§A°ø l°¸v°π

§‡[W° l°¸[∫*ØÚ‡ :

π‡\Kı“π öπ‡ §Âá˝°“¸ π‡\Nı“ "‡πÁ° >‡∫ñɇπ ≥‡\t° =A°‡

"¥˜∫iÙ°[k°A°‡t° "‡[“ l°¸ö[—Çt° “í∫°˙ t°‡Ït° [Æ°¤Â°ŒA°∫A°

ãÏ≥¢‡öÏÉ≈ [É Ît°ÏJt° >‡∫ñɇÓ∫ "‡[“∫°˙ >‡∫ñɇt° —LJ>„⁄

ö¯‡§‡[πA° "‡¥˜A°gt° ≈‡π„öÂyπ ∫Kt° §Âá˝°π Œ‡¤°‡; “⁄ "‡πÁ°

ÉÂ\>π ≥‡\t° §◊t° ã≥¢‡Ï∫‡W°>‡ “⁄°˙ >‡∫ñɇπ öπ‡ §Âá˝°“¸

ŒA°Ï∫‡ [≈»∏A° Ì∫ ö‡i°[∫KÚ‡Øt° (§t¢°≥‡> ö‡i°>‡) "‡[“

t°‡t° =A°‡ "[t°[=≈‡∫‡t° "ؗLJ> A°[πÏ∫°˙ “¸⁄‡Ït° Ît°ÏJÏt°

π‡“¸\A° ≈„∫ Æ°}Kπ ö[πo‡≥ "‡πÁ° ≈„∫ ö‡∫>π öÂπ—H‡ππ A°=‡ §o¢>‡ A°Ïπ°˙ Ît°[t°⁄‡ ŒÂ>„ã "‡πÁ° §»¢A°‡π >‡≥π ≥Kãπ ÉÂ\> ≥î|„ §ı\„ŒA°∫π "‡y˚°≥o [>§‡πoπ §‡Ï§ ö‡i°[∫N¯‡≥t°

>Kπ [>≥¢‡oπ A°‡≥ A°[π "‡[·∫°˙ &“¸ Œ}§‡É «°[> §Âá˝°“¸

Æ°[Ø»∏;§‡o„ A°[π[·∫ &“¸ §Â[∫ Îô^—ŒA°Ï∫‡ ≥“‡>Kπ "‡πÁ°

§‡[o\∏ÏA°ñɯπ ≥‡\t° &“¸ >Kπ Î≈¯À°t°≥ “í§°˙ [A°îÒ "[Nó,

§πÁ°o "‡πÁ° "‡îz@[§§‡Éπ á‡π‡ &“¸ >Kπ ãk}Œ Γ‡Ø‡π Œ¥±‡Ø>‡ "‡Ï·°˙ ≥Kãπ ≥î|„ ÉÂ\>π ">ÂÏπ‡ãt° §Âá˝°“¸

Œ[≈Ï»∏ >Kπ l°¸Ïá‡ã>„ l°¸;ŒØπ [>≥î|o π¤°‡ A°[π >Kπ l°¸Ïá‡ã> A°[πÏ∫°˙ §Âá˝°π ö[Øy —∂ı[t° ôÂK≥„⁄‡ A°[π§π

≥‡>ÏŒÏπ [ôJ> á‡ÏπÏπ §Âá˝°“¸ >Kπt° ö¯ÏØ≈ A°[π[·∫° ÎŒ“¸

á‡ππ >‡≥ πJ‡ “í∫ ÎKÔt°≥á‡π "‡πÁ° [ô §‡Ïi°Ïπ §Âá˝°“¸

K}K‡ ö‡π Ì“[·∫ ÎŒ“¸ k°‡“¸J>π >‡≥ πJ‡ “í∫ ÎKÔt°≥t°„=¢

§‡ §Âá˝°t°„=¢°˙ K}K‡ ö‡π Ì“ §Âá˝°“¸ ŒA°Ï∫‡ [≈»∏A° Ì∫

ÎA°‡[i°KÚ‡Øt° ÌK l°¸ö[—Çt° “í∫°˙ &“¸ ÎA°‡[i°KÚ‡ØÏt°“¸

ŒA°Ï∫‡ÏA° Ît°*Ú "‡ô¢Œt°∏ Œ¥öÏA¢° ãÏ≥¢‡öÏÉ≈ [ÉÏ⁄°˙

"‡ô¢Œt°∏ §Âá˝°π Î≈¯À°t°≥ l°¸öÏÉ≈°˙ Œ‡π>‡=t° Ît°ÏJÏt° öe°

[Æ°¤Â°π *W°πt° Œ§¢ö¯=≥ ãÏ≥¢‡öÏÉ≈ [É⁄‡π Œ≥⁄ W°‡[π

"‡ô¢Œt°∏π §o¢>‡ A°[π[·∫°˙ "‡ô¢Œt°∏π §∏‡J∏‡ A°[π[·∫°˙

ã≥¢ö¯W°‡ππ ÉÂA°[π öÚ‡W° §·πA°‡∫ Œ≥⁄t° Ît°ÏJÏt° [§[Æ°ƒ

—LJ>t° [§[Æ°ƒÆ°‡ÏØ [§[Æ°ƒ\>π *W°πt° W°‡[π "‡ô¢Œt°∏π A°=‡

§∏‡J∏‡ A°[πÏ·°˙ ÎŒ“¸ §‡Ï§“¸ ÎA°‡Ø‡ Ì“Ï· Œ≥N¯ [y[ši¡A¡ &“¸

W°‡[π "‡ô¢Œt°∏π §◊∫ §o¢>‡ ≥‡y°˙

ÎA°‡[i°KÚ‡Øπ öπ‡ §Âá˝° "‡[“ l°¸ö[—Çt° “í∫ ÎA°‡[i°KÚ‡* "‡πÁ°

̧≈‡∫„π ≥‡\t° "ؗLJ> A°π‡ >‡[t°A°‡ >‡≥π —LJ>t°°˙

>‡[t°A°‡π >‡≥^—>‡[ÉA°‡, >‡[ÉA°, d°‡[t°A° “¸t°∏‡[É l°¸ZW°‡πoÏt°‡ Îö‡Ø‡ ô‡⁄°˙ &“¸ "e°∫π "[㧇Œ„ŒA°∫

§Âá˝°Æ°v°˚° "‡[·∫ "‡πÁ° Ît°*ÚÏ∫‡ÏA° “¸i°‡Ïπ [>[≥¢t° &i°‡ [§“‡π ö¯[t°À°‡ A°[π[·∫ ô‡π >‡≥ "‡[·∫ [KgA°‡§Œ=°˙ öπØt°¢„

Œ≥⁄t° &“¸ [§“‡π ≥“‡[§“‡πt° ö[πot° Ì“[·∫°˙ >‡[t°A°‡Ït°

§Âá˝°“¸ ëã¥∂‡É‡Œí >‡≥π ã≥¢ öô¢‡⁄π ÎÉ≈>‡ A°Ïπ°˙ “¸⁄‡π [ö·t° §Âá˝° ̧≈‡∫„t° l°¸ö[—Çt° “⁄°˙ ̧≈‡∫„π öπ‡

Χ∫ÂKÚ‡ØÓ∫ "‡[“ §Âá˝°“¸ §»¢‡§‡Œ ô‡ö> A°π‡π ≥>—Ç A°Ïπ°˙

§‡A°„ [Æ°¤Â°ŒA°∫A° ̧≈‡∫„π *W°π-öÚ‡\πt° =‡[A° [≥y, ö[π[W°t° "‡πÁ° §fiÍ° [Æ°¤Â°ŒA°∫π ∫Kt° &A°[yt° Ì“ §»¢‡§‡Œ l°¸ÉÙô‡ö> A°[π§Ó∫ Ît°*Ú öπ‡≥≈¢ [ÉÏ⁄°˙ Χ∫ÂKÚ‡ØÓ∫ "“‡π

"‡KÏt° Îô[t°⁄‡ ̧≈‡∫„t° "‡[·∫ Ît°[t°⁄‡“¸ "‡¥˜ö‡∫„A°

§Âá˝°“¸ É„¤°‡ [ÉÏ⁄°˙

106. §ı\„ŒA°∫π "‡y˚°≥o ö¯[t°Ïπ‡ã A°[π§π A°‡πÏo A°‡π t°w‡Øã‡>t° ö‡i°[∫N¯‡≥t° >Kπ [>≥¢‡oπ A°‡≥

W°[∫[·∫?

(1) ÎKÔt°≥ §Âá˝°π

(2) ≈‡π„öÂyπ

(3) ŒÂ>„ã "‡πÁ° §»¢A°‡ππ

(4) §»¢A°‡π "‡πÁ° ≈‡π„öÂyπ

107. §Âá˝°“¸ [ô §‡Ïi°Ïπ K}K‡ ö‡π Ì“[·∫, ÎŒ“¸ k°‡“¸J>π

>‡≥ πJ‡ Ì“[·∫^—

(1) ÎKÔt°≥á‡π

(2) ÎKÔt°≥t°„=¢

(3) ÎA°‡[i°KÚ‡*

(4) ö‡i°[∫K‡Ú*

108. l°¸á˝ı°t° ÉÛ°‡Ïi°‡t° §Âá˝°π ö[π∞≥oπ §o¢>‡ Îö‡Ø‡°

ô‡⁄˙ &“¸ §o¢>‡π &i°‡ y˚°≥ Ì“Ï·^— (A°Ú‡ÿl° [W°“˚°Ïπ ÎÉJÂ*؇ ">ÂŒ[π)

(1) >‡∫ñɇ ® ̧≈‡∫„ ® ö‡i°[∫öÂy

(2) ÎKÔt°≥á‡π ® ÎKÔt°≥t°„=¢ ® π‡\Nı“

(3) ̧≈‡∫„ ® ÎA°‡[i°K‡Ú* ® §Âá˝°t°„=¢

(4) ÎA°‡[i°KÚ‡* ® >‡[t°A°‡ ® ̧≈‡∫„

109. ëá‡πí ≈¶Ïi°‡π Œ≥‡=¢A° ≈¶Ïi°‡ [§W°‡[π l°¸[∫*؇^—°

(1) A°ö‡i°

(2) §‡t°‡⁄>

(3) á‡πö‡∫

(4) öÉÂ[∫

110. §Âá˝°“¸ öɇö¢o A°π‡ "¥˜∫iÙ°[k°A°‡ A°ít° "‡[·∫°?

(1) >‡∫ñɇt°

(2) ÎA°‡[i°K‡Ú* "‡πÁ° ̧≈‡∫„π ≥‡\t°

(3) ö‡i°[∫N¯‡≥t°

(4) π‡\Kı“ "‡πÁ° >‡∫ñɇπ ≥‡\t°

111. ë[KgA°‡§Œ=í Ì“Ï·^—

(1) >‡[t°A°‡ "e°∫π "[㧇Œ„ŒA°Ï∫ [>≥¢‡o A°π‡

&A° "‡¥˜A°g˙

(2) ̧≈‡∫„π "[㧇Œ„ŒA°Ï∫ [>≥¢‡o A°π‡ &A°

"[t°[=≈‡∫‡˙

(3) >‡[t°A°‡ "e°∫π "[㧇Œ„ŒA°Ï∫ [>≥¢‡o A°π‡

&A° [§“‡π˙

(4) ̧≈‡∫„π "[㧇Œ„ŒA°Ï∫ [>≥¢‡o A°π‡ &A°

≥k°˙

112. ÎKÔt°≥ §Âá˝°π Î≈¯À°t°≥ ãÏ≥¢‡öÏÉ≈A° [A° §Â[∫ \>‡

ô‡⁄?

(1) "‡ô¢Œt°∏

(2) §Âá˝°§W°>

(3) [y[öi°A°

(4) öe°≈„∫

113. §Âá˝°ÏÉØπ ã≥¢ö¯W°‡ππ Œ≥⁄Œ„≥‡ "‡[·∫^—

(1) Œ≥N¯ \„Ø>

(2) ÉÂA°[π §·π

(3) ÉÂA°[π öÚ‡W° §·π

(4) ÎA°‡Ï>‡ Œ≥⁄Œ„≥‡ >‡[·∫

114. ëãÏ≥¢‡öÏÉ≈í ≈¶Ïi°‡π Œ[fiÍ° ÎA°Ï>ÉÏπ Æ°‡[R°§ öπ‡

�

(1) ã≥¢π l°¸öÏÉ≈ "‡πÁ° "‡Ï∫‡W°>‡

(2) ã≥¢‡Ï∫‡W°>‡

(3) ã≥¢ ⁺ "‡Ï∫‡W°>‡

(4) ã≥¢ ⁺ l°¸öÏÉ≈

[>샢Š: t°∫t° l°¸á˝ı°t° A°π‡ A°[§t°‡ÛÚ°‡[A°π t°∫t° [É⁄‡ ö¯≈óϧ‡ππ (ö¯≈ó >} ¹¹⁵-π öπ‡ ¹²⁰ Ì∫) ö¯[t°Ïi°‡Ïπ W°‡[πi°‡ÓA°

[§A°ø l°¸v°π [É⁄‡ Ì“Ï·°˙ "‡i°‡“¸t°ÓA° l°¸öôÂv°˚° [§A°øÏi°‡

[>§¢‡W°> A°πÚ‡ :

&[É> π‡[t° ≥“¸ &J> >t°> ÎÉ≈Ó∫ ÌK[·Ï∫‡°˙

ÎŒ“¸ ÎÉ≈π “Í°É⁄ \Â[π "‡[·∫ t°‡πA°‡J[W°t°

l°¸^∫ >„∫‡ &J> öt°‡A°‡°˙

Œ‡Kππ §t°‡“ "‡[“ öt°‡A°‡J>t° În°Ô t°[∫[·∫ @ Îö¯≥π ÎA°‡≥∫ În°Ô°˙ "fiÍ°A°‡Ïπ n°‡[A° Î=‡Ø‡

"πo∏π ≥‡\π öπ‡ l°¸[π "‡[“[·∫

KπJ„⁄‡ ∫íπ‡π ÎöÚö‡π ŒÂππ ÉÏπ

&[i° ≥ÂA°[∫ ŒÂπ˙

ÎŒ“¸ ŒÂπ «°[> "‡“t° ö«°π ÉÏπ

≥“¸ ∫í[π ö∫‡“¸ "‡[“[·Ï∫‡ Î≥‡π ÎÉ≈Ó∫°˙

§ıîzπ Û°∫π ÉÏπ Î≥‡π l°¸Æ°[t° "“‡π

§‡Ïi°-§‡Ïi° >„∫‡ öt°‡A°‡J>π l°¸^∫ t°π‡Ï§‡π J[“ ö[π[·∫ &[i°-&[i° A°[π°˙

Î≥‡π ÎÉ≈, Î≥‡π —¨ÏÉ≈, Î≥‡π ö¯=≥ Îö¯≥π l°¸Ïñµ»

Ît°‡π Œ‡t°Œπ„ Îô> Œ‡Ït°‡J> >É„

Îö¯≥π [A° Îô KÆ°„π Œ“‡>ÂÆË°[t°

t°‡A° ≥“¸ [A°ÉÏπ ö‡“[π≥?

115. A°[§Ï⁄ Ît°*Úπ [>\π ÎÉ≈π 댇Ït°‡J> >É„íA°

[A°“π ÌŒÏt° t°∫>‡ A°[πÏ·?

(1) >‡π„π ÌŒÏt°

(2) "∫}A°‡π [§Ï≈»π ÌŒÏt°

(3) Îö¯≥π ÌŒÏt°

(4) KπJ„⁄‡ ∫íπ‡π ÎöÚö‡π ŒÂππ ÌŒÏt°

116. A°[§t°‡ÛÚ°‡[A°t° l°¸Ï¿J A°π‡ π‡[t°Ïi°‡t° A°[§ A°íÓ∫

ÌK[·∫?

(1) Œ‡Kπ t°„πÓ∫

(2) >É„π ö‡πÓ∫

(3) "πo∏π ≥‡\Ó∫

(4) &J> >t°> ÎÉ≈Ó∫

117. ël°¸^∫í ≈¶Ïi°‡π [§öπ„t° ≈¶Ïi°‡ Ì“Ï·

(1) Îö‡“π

(2) [>ÕflÆ°

(3) "fiÍ°A°‡π

(4) Œ≥Â^∫

118. A°[§Ï⁄ l°¸Ï¿J A°π‡ öt°‡A°‡J> ÎA°Ï>A°؇ "‡[·∫?

(1) "fiÍ°A°‡Ïπ n°‡[A° Î=‡Ø‡

(2) l°¸^∫ Îö‡“ÏπÏπ Æ°π‡

(3) ≥[o-≥ÂA°t°‡ Œ‡t°Œπ„Ïπ Æ°π‡

(4) t°π‡ ∫K‡“¸ Î=‡Ø‡ "‡πÁ° >„∫‡

119. A°[§Ï⁄ A°íπ öπ‡ A°íÓ∫ ö∫‡“¸[·∫?

(1) >t°> ÎÉ≈J>π öπ‡ [>\π ÎÉ≈J>Ó∫

(2) [>\π ÎÉ≈J>π öπ‡ >t°> ÎÉ≈J>Ó∫

(3) >t°> ÎÉ≈J>π öπ‡ Œ‡Kππ ö‡πÓ∫

(4) >t°> ÎÉ≈J>π öπ‡ "πo∏π ≥‡\Ó∫

120. ëëÎ≥‡π ÎÉ≈, Î≥‡π —¨ÏÉ≈, Î≥‡π ö¯=≥ Îö¯≥π l°¸Ïñµ»íí^—&“¸ ≈‡π„Ïi°‡t° t°∫t° l°¸Ï¿J A°π‡

ÎA°‡>[§ã A°‡§∏‡∫}A°‡ππ ö¯Ï⁄‡K Q[i°Ï·?

(1) l°¸ö≥‡

(2) ö¯t°„A°

(3) [W°yA°ø

(4) "îz∏‡>Âö¯‡Œ

öπ„¤°‡=¢„ŒA°Ï∫ ô[ÉÏ“ "Œ≥„⁄‡ [§»⁄Ïi°‡ ®¡àÈà ^–II

(Language–II) [“W°‡Ïö Ì∫Ï·, Ît°Ï>“íÏ∫

Part–V ¹ (šøÅ— >} ¹²¹ -¹ š¹à ¹⁵⁰ íº) l°¸v°π A°[π§°˙

Candidates should attempt the questions from Part–V (Q. Nos.

121–150), if they have opted

ASSAMESE as Language–II only.

Part—V /

Jr¡

^—V

Language—II /

®¡àÈà

^—II

Assamese /

"γãÚà

öπ„¤°‡=¢„ŒA°Ï∫ ô[ÉÏ“ "Œ≥„⁄‡ [§»⁄Ïi°‡ Æ°‡»‡^–II (Language–II) [“W°‡Ïö Ì∫Ï·, Ît°Ï>“íÏ∫ ^Part–V π (šøÅ— >} ¹²¹-¹ š¹à ¹⁵⁰ íº) l°¸v°π A°[π§°˙

[>샢Š: t°∫t° [É⁄‡ ö¯≈óŒ≥Ë“π (ö¯≈ó >} ¹²¹-π öπ‡

135 Ì∫) t°∫t° W°‡[πi°‡ÓA° [§A°ø l°¸v°π [É⁄‡ "‡Ï·°˙

"‡i°‡“¸t°ÓA° l°¸öôÂv°˚° [§A°ø l°¸v°πÏi°‡ §‡[W° l°¸[∫*ØÚ‡°:

121. ö¯‡=[≥A° [§É∏‡∫⁄π ·‡y-·‡y„π ≈¯Øo "‡πÁ° A°=>

ɤ°t°‡ §ı[á˝°π A°‡πÏo t°∫t° l°¸Ï¿J A°π‡ ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡

ÎA°Ô≈∫ "‡i°‡“¸t°ÓA° l°¸öÏô‡K„?

(1) A°‡[“>„A°=> "‡πÁ° ≈¯Á°t°[∫[ö ö¯É‡>

(2) A°[§t°‡ "‡§ı[v° "‡πÁ° Æ°‡»‡π ö¯Ï⁄‡K≈‡∫‡

(3) "[Æ°>⁄ t°=‡ W°[πy‡⁄> "‡πÁ° §‡t°[π ök°>

(4) "[Æ°>⁄ t°=‡ W°[πy‡⁄> "‡πÁ° A°Ï=‡öA°=>

122. Æ°‡»‡t° [>ɇ>≥Ë∫A° §‡ l°¸öW°‡π‡uA° [≈¤°o (remedial teaching)-π l°¸ÏÑ≈∏ Ì“Ï·^—

(1) ·‡y-·‡y„π "‡π¥±[o öô¢‡⁄π Æ°∫ϧ‡π

«°ãÏπ‡Ø‡

(2) `°‡>π ∫Kt° \[πt° Æ°∫ϧ‡π «°ãÏπ‡Ø‡

(3) ·‡y-·‡y„π "‡u[§≈´‡Œ §ı[á˝° A°π‡

(4) *öπt° l°¸Ï¿J A°π‡ ÎK‡Ïi°“¸ÏA°“¸i°‡

123. Æ°‡»‡π Œ‡ã‡πo `°‡> t°=‡ Χ‡ã [§W°‡π ≥Ë∫∏‡⁄>

A°[π§π A°‡πÏo ÎA°Ï>ãπoπ ö¯≈ó "‡i°‡“¸t°ÓA°

l°¸öôÂv°˚°?

(1) "[t° W°≥ l°¸v°ππ ö¯≈ó

(2) É„Q∫ l°¸v°ππ ö¯≈ó

(3) πW°>‡uA° ö¯≈ó

(4) §—Ò[>À° ö¯≈ó

124. ëëÆ°‡»‡ [≈A°‡π Œ“\‡t° ö¯§ı[v° [≈«°Ï§‡Ïπ \ñµÏt°

Ì∫ "‡Ï“°˙íí &“¸ l°¸[v°˚°Ïi°‡ ÎA°‡>\> Æ°‡»‡[§Éπ?

(1) \Ú∏ [ö⁄Ú‡Ïô

(2) ·≥Ù—H„

(3) ؇“¸KiÙ°—H„

(4) ö‡Æ°∫Æ°

125. Ît°‡≥‡π "e°∫Ó∫ &\>„ η‡Ø‡∫„ [“ñÉ„ Æ°‡»‡

§∫⁄π "‡[“ Ît°‡≥‡π Æ°‡»‡Ïi°‡ §∏Ø“‡π A°ÏπÚ‡Ït°

Æ°∫ A°[πÏ·°˙ &“¸ Τ°yt° &Kπ‡A°„ Æ°‡»‡π [≈¤°A°

[“W°‡Ïö t°∫t° [É⁄‡ ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡ l°¸[v°˚°A° t°[≥ «°á˝°

§Â[∫ [§Ï§W°>‡ A°[π§‡?

(1) η‡Ø‡∫„\>„A° t°‡“¸ A°π‡ Æ°∫ϧ‡π §‡Ï𠧇Ïπ ΌڇØπ‡“¸ [ɧ ∫‡[K§°˙

(2) t°‡“¸A° Æ°‡»‡Ïi°‡ §∏Ø“‡π A°π‡π "‡πÁ° Χ[·

ŒÂÏô‡K [ɧ ∫‡[K§°˙

(3) >t°> Æ°‡»‡Ïi°‡ ö¯[t°[ÉÏ> "‡ã‡Qsi°‡ÓA°

">Â≈„∫> A°[π§Ó∫ t°‡“¸A° ÎA°‡Ø‡ l°¸[W°t°°˙

(4) >t°> Æ°‡»‡Ïi°‡ ö¯Ï⁄‡K A°ÏπÚ‡Ït° t°‡“¸π

≥‡tı°Æ°‡»‡π ö¯Æ°‡Ø ö[π§Ó∫ [ɧ >‡∫‡[K§°˙

126. t°∫t° [É⁄‡ l°¸ÏÑ≈∏ϧ‡ππ ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡π A°‡πÏo Æ°‡»‡

[≈A°‡π "‡Ø≈∏A°t°‡ >‡“¸°?

(1) \„Ø>π [§[Æ°ƒ —zπϧ‡π \‡[>§Ó∫

(2) Æ°‡»‡ Χ‡ã "‡⁄v° A°[π§Ó∫

(3) "Æ°∏îzππ —¨π «°[>π "‡πÁ° A°í§π A°‡πÏo

(4) \„Ø>π [§[Æ°ƒ ö¯Ï⁄‡\> öËπ A°[π§Ó∫

127. Æ°‡»‡π ŒñÉÆ¢°t° πW°>‡uA° ãπoπ öπ„¤°‡π ŒÂ[§ã‡

t°∫t° [É⁄‡ ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡?

(1) “¸ [≈«° &i°‡π [W°îz‡A° ≈ı}J∫‡§á˝° A°[π [∫[Jt°

Æ°‡»‡t° ö¯A°‡≈ A°π‡π ¤°≥t°‡ ≥Ë∫∏‡⁄>t° Œ“‡⁄

A°Ïπ°˙

(2) “¸ ·‡y-·‡y„π öπ„¤°‡π A°‡πÏo ≥‡y ÎA°“¸i°‡≥‡> ö¯≈ó [≈A°‡t° Œ“‡⁄ A°Ïπ°˙

(3) ·‡y-·‡y„ŒA°Ï∫ öπ„¤°‡π A°‡πÏo ≥‡y ÎA°“¸i°‡≥‡> ö¯≈óπÏ“ ö¯—Ò[t° A°[π§ ∫‡ÏK A°‡πÏo Œ≥⁄ π‡[“ “⁄°˙

(4) “¸ &Ï> öπ„¤°‡“¸ Œ≥N¯ ö‡k°∏y˚°≥ Œ‡≥[π ∫⁄°˙

128. [§Ï≈»Æ°‡ÏØ Œ¤°≥ t°=‡ [ɧ∏‡}K [≈«°π [∫J>

ɤ°t°‡ ">Â≈„∫>t° ^_____ ö¯Ï⁄‡\> “⁄°˙

(1) [W°îz‡π Î≥Ô[∫A°t°‡π

(2) ö¯t°„[A° Æ°‡»‡π ö¯Ï⁄‡Kπ

(3) «°á˝° ≈¶Œ¥±‡ππ §∏Ø“‡ππ

(4) Æ°‡∫ “‡t°π "‡Jππ

129. Æ°‡»‡π [>πîzπ "‡πÁ° Œ§¢‡uA° ≥Ë∫∏‡⁄>π A°‡πÏo t°∫t° l°¸Ï¿J A°π‡ ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡t° P°πÁ°Œ [É⁄‡ l°¸[W°t°?

(1) «°á˝° ≈¶Œ¥±‡π

(2) ö¯A°ø A°‡ô¢

(3) «°á˝° l°¸ZW°‡πo

(4) [§[Æ°ƒ ö¯Œ}Kt° Æ°‡»‡Ïi°‡ §∏Ø“‡π A°[π§ öπ‡

¤°≥t°‡

130. §◊Æ°‡[»A°t°‡ Ì“Ï·

(1) Æ°‡»‡ [≈¤°oπ Τ°yt° §‡ã‡ §‡ ΓR°‡π

(2) Æ°‡»‡ l°¸;Œπ A°‡πÏo ¤°[t°A°‡πA°

(3) Æ°‡»‡ [≈A°>π A°‡πÏo &A° P°πÁ°ŒöËo¢ l°¸;Œ

(4) Æ°‡»‡ [≈A°>π "ŒÂ[§ã‡π Œı[ °A°‡πA°

131. Æ°‡»‡π ö¯‡=[≥A° πÍ°ö Ì“Ï·

(1) Œ}ÏA°t° Æ°‡»‡

(2) §∏‡A°πo

(3) [∫[Jt° Æ°‡»‡

(4) Î≥Ô[JA° Æ°‡»‡

132. ö¯‡=[≥A° öô¢‡⁄t° Œ‡ã "‡πÁ° öÉ∏π Τ°yt° ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡

[É≈ "‡i°‡“¸t°ÓA° P°πÁ°ŒöËo¢ §Â[∫ t°[≥ [§Ï§W°>‡

A°[π§‡?

(1) Œ‡ã "‡πÁ° öÉ∏ϧ‡π >„[t°[≈¤°‡≥Ë∫A° Γ‡Ø‡

l°¸[W°t°°˙

(2) Œ‡ã "‡πÁ° öÉ∏ϧ‡π ≈¶Œ¥±‡πt° Œ≥ıá˝° Γ‡Ø‡

l°¸[W°t°°˙

(3) [§[Æ°ƒ P°πÁ°ŒöËo¢ >‡≥ "‡πÁ° l°¸É‡“πoπ öÂ>π‡§ı[v° Γ‡Ø‡ l°¸[W°t°°˙

(4) ÎŒ“¸Ï§‡π ≥“wöËo¢ Î∫JA° §‡ A°[§π á‡π‡

[∫J‡ Γ‡Ø‡ l°¸[W°t°°˙

133. Æ°‡»‡π §∏‡A°πo [≈¤°‡“¸ t°∫π ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡ l°¸ƒt°

A°π‡t° Œ“‡⁄ A°Ïπ?

(1) «°á˝°t°‡

(2) ">K¢∫t°‡

(3) Œ}J∏‡uA°t°‡

(4) Œ‡¤°πt°‡

134. t°∫t° [É⁄‡ ÎA°‡>Ïi°‡ [∫J> ö¯=‡π "îzÆ¢°v°˚°?

(1) A°‡[“>„π ã‡πo‡

(2) A°ø>‡

(3) [§π‡≥ [W°“˚° (punctuation)-π «°á˝°

ö¯Ï⁄‡K

(4) Æ°‡∫ ≈¶Œ¥±‡π

135. Æ°‡»‡ ≥Ë∫∏‡⁄>π ≥ÂJ∏ l°¸ÏÑ≈∏

(1) [≈¤°‡=¢„π Æ°∫ϧ‡π [§W°‡[π l°¸[∫*؇

(2) ·‡y-·‡y„π öÏɇƒ[t°π A°‡πÏo ö¯É≈¢>π [§W°‡π A°π‡

(3) ·‡y-·‡y„π Aı°t°A°‡ô¢t°‡π [“W°‡ö Î∫‡Ø‡

(4) [≈A°>-"îzπ (gaps in learning) [W°[“˚°t° A°[π t°‡π [>ɇ> §‡ l°¸öW°‡ππ §∏ؗLJ

A°π‡

[>샢Š: t°∫t° [É⁄‡ ÉÛ°‡Ïi°‡ ≥Ï>‡Ïô‡ÏKÏπ ö[ÿn° (ö¯≈ó >}

136-π öπ‡ ¹⁴³Ì∫) "‡i°‡“¸t°ÓA° l°¸öôÂv°˚° [§A°øÏi°‡

[>§¢‡W°> A°[π l°¸v°π A°πÚ‡ :

ö¯W°[∫t° ã‡πo‡ &Ï>A°؇ Îô ≥ã∏ôÂKπ ⁄ÂÏπ‡ö A°-Œ}—H‡πt° l°§

ÌK "‡[·∫, "‡πÁ° ÌW°ã∏-Îö‡fiÍ°π ≈[t°A°‡t° “¸i°‡[∫π öπ‡ [§⁄[ö öπ‡ >§ôÂÏK ÎŒ“¸ "≥‡[>≈‡π Î≥‡“[>â‡π öπ‡ ⁄ÂÏπ‡öA° ≥Â[v°˚°

[ÉÏ∫°˙ "=W° ⁄ÂÏπ‡öπ ÎA°“¸§‡JÏ>‡ ö¯[Œá˝° ö¯‡W°„> [§≈´[§É∏‡∫⁄

[ö‡[𠧇 Îö[π·, “‡“¸Ïl°∫§‡K¢, "GÛ°l¢°, ÎA°[¥¨ˆ\Ù ([A°·Â ö∫≥ÓA°), §Ï∫‡>‡, ö¯‡“‡ “¸t°∏‡[É^] ≥ã∏ôÂKÏt° á‡É≈ §‡

yÏ⁄‡É≈ ≈[t°A°‡Ït° —LJ[öt° Ì“[·∫°˙ t°‡t° "[t° Î≥ã‡Ø„ "‡πÁ°

"ã∏⁄>ö ° ö[r°Ït° [§É∏‡-W°W¢°‡ "‡πÁ° [≈¤°‡É‡> A°[π[·∫°˙

[≈¤°‡π ≥‡ã∏≥ ∫‡[t°> Γ‡Ø‡ §‡Ï§ [§[Æ°ƒ ÎÉ≈π ö[r°Ït°

ÎŒ“¸Ï§‡πt° "ã∏⁄>-"ã∏‡ö>‡ A°[π QË[π Û°[π[·∫°˙

ö¯=≥Ït° [§≈´[§É∏‡∫⁄ϧ‡πA° ë—A°∫í Χ‡∫‡ Ì“[·∫ "‡πÁ°

ö[r°t°ŒA°∫A° ë—H∫‡πí Χ‡∫‡ Ì“[·∫°˙ öπØt°„¢A°‡∫t°

“¸}Ï∫r°t° ëA°Ï∫\í ≈¶Ïi°‡ Χ[· \>[ö¯⁄ “⁄°˙ ö¯‡W°„>

듸l°¸[>Æ°‡[·¢[i°í "‡[·∫ ÎA°§‡JÏ>‡ A°Ï∫\π &i°‡ =Ë∫, ôít°

ö¯[t°J> A°Ï∫\π —¨t°î|t°‡ §‡[W° =‡ÏA°°˙ &“¸Ï§‡π —¨≈‡[Œt° —¨t°î|

ö¯[t°À°‡>°˙ ö¯[t°J> A°Ï∫Ï\ [>Ï\“¸ §‡·-[§W°‡π A°[π ŒÉŒ∏

(^Fellow) [>§¢‡W°> A°Ïπ "‡πÁ° &Ï>ÓA° ôÂK ôÂK ã[π A°Ï∫\π

—¨t°î| ≈‡Œ> W°[∫ =‡ÏA°°˙ Î≥ã‡π [Æ°[v°t° ·‡y N¯“o A°π‡ “⁄°˙

·‡y[§∫‡ÏA° A°Ï∫\t° =A°‡ Œ≥⁄t° Îö‡·‡A°π *öπt° §‡ÉÂ∫„π ÉÏπ "Ú‡k°Ó∫ öπ‡ K‡l°¸> ö[πã‡> A°π‡ ÎŒÔ [Œ[É>‡Ó∫ÏA°

§‡ã∏t°‡≥Ë∫A° "‡[·∫ "‡πÁ° ÎÛ°Ï∫‡ŒA°Ï∫ ŒπÁ° KÚ‡[k°Ó∫ öπ‡

K‡l°¸> §‡ “Ï∫ÔÏW°‡∫‡ [öfiÍ°‡ [>⁄≥ "‡[·∫°˙

öπØt°¢„A°‡∫t° ⁄ÂÏπ‡ö„⁄ ö[r°t°ŒA°Ï∫ ö¯‡W°∏ "‡πÁ° ö‡∆W°‡t°∏π ŒÆ°∏t°‡π ≥‡\t° A°Ïk°‡π Œ„≥‡ [>㢇πo A°[πÏ∫* ⁄ÂÏπ‡öπ [§≈´[§É∏‡∫⁄ϧ‡πt° Î≥ã‡-W°W¢°‡π ">ÂÏö¯πo‡ "‡[“[·∫ [A°îÒ

"‡π§ \Kt°π "‡[“¢ "‡πÁ° Îö¯πo‡π öπ‡°˙ J¯„ °‡>π ö[Øy —LJ>

Î\πÁ°·‡Ï∫≥ l°¸á˝°‡ππ §‡Ï§ &Œ≥⁄t° ÎA°=[∫A° ã≥¢≥r°∫„π ö¯ã‡>

Îö‡öπ l°¸ÉK[>t° §◊É≈A° \Â[π [ô y˚Ê°Ï·l° §‡ ã≥¢ôÂá˝° W°[∫[·∫, t°‡π \[π⁄Ït° ⁄ÂÏπ‡ö„⁄ŒA°Ï∫ "‡π§ŒA°∫π Œ‡[ƒã∏t° &A°

l°¸ƒt° ŒÆ°∏t°‡π Œ}—ö≈¢Ó∫ "‡[“[·∫°˙ "‡π§ ö[r°t°ŒA°Ï∫

"‡ÏA°Ô N¯„A°-Îπ‡≥‡> ŒÆ°∏t°‡π öπ‡ ≥Ë∫ã> "‡“πo A°[π K[ot°,

t°A¢°≈‡—|, #≈´πt°w, É≈¢>, [W°[A°;Œ‡[§É∏‡ "‡[Ét° >t°> >t°>

"Øɇ> [É ≥‡>Ø„⁄ `°‡>π ÆÚ°π‡∫ W°“A°„ A°[π[·∫°˙ ("‡π§„

N¯îÇt° Îö√Ïi°‡π >‡≥ ë"‡Û√°‡t°>Ùí "‡πÁ° "‡[π—zt°∫π >‡≥

ë"‡[π—Òí) ÎŒ“¸ ^["‡π§ ö[r°t°ŒA°∫π ≥‡\t° “¸§>Ù πÁ°≈Ù´lÙ°

(⁄ÂÏπ‡ö„⁄ ö[r°t°π ≥‡\t° "‡ÏØíπÙπÁ°·^—Averroes) >‡Ï≥

ö¯[Œá˝°^], “¸§>Ù [W°>‡ (^Avicenna §‡ "‡[ØÏW°ƒ‡) "‡[É "Ï>ÏA°

KÆ°„π ö¯Æ°‡Ø [§—z‡π A°[π[·∫ ⁄ÂÏπ‡ö„⁄ [§≈´[§É∏‡∫⁄ϧ‡πt°°˙

[§Ï≈»ÓA° ⁄ÂÏπ‡ö„⁄ ≥>„»‡π *öπt° ö¯‡⁄ &A° ≈t°‡¶„A°‡∫

"‡ÏØíπÙπÁ°Ï· &A°Z·y„ ö¯Æ°‡Ø [§—z‡π A°π‡π [ö·t° ηíñi°Ù i°≥‡·

"‡ÏA°‡Ø‡“¸>‡Ï· ë·Â¥∂‡ [=⁄í∫[\A°‡í (^Summa

Theologica) >‡≥π N¯îÇÏπ "‡ÏØíπÙπÁ°·π ö¯Jπ ôÂ[v°˚°\‡∫

Jr°o A°[π öπ¥öπ‡Kt° J¯„[ °⁄ ã≥¢[§≈´‡Œ öÂ>π "‡[π—zíÏt°∫„⁄

[Æ°[v°t° Éıÿn°Æ°‡ÏØ ö¯[t°À°‡ A°[π[·∫°˙ "=¢‡; ÎÉ≈-[§ÏÉ≈π ≥‡\t°

`°‡> "‡πÁ° [§É∏‡π Œ“\ "‡πÁ° "§∏‡“t° Îô‡K‡Ïô‡K "‡πÁ°

[§[>≥Ï⁄Ï“ ≥‡>Ø„⁄ `°‡>-[§`°‡>π l°¸ƒ[t°Œ‡ã> A°Ïπ°˙ `°‡>A°

Îô[t°⁄‡ ÎA°Ø∫ Œ¥ö[v°π πÍ°öt° ÎW°‡Ø‡ “⁄, Ît°[t°⁄‡ "‡πÁ°

ÎŒ“¸Ïi°‡ Œ¥±Ø >“⁄°˙

136. §◊ É≈A° \Â[π W°∫‡ y˚Ê°Ï·l° §‡ ã≥¢ôÂá˝° A°‡π l°¸ÉK[>t° W°[∫[·∫?

(1) ⁄ÂÏπ‡öπ ">‡-J¯„ °‡> \>t°‡π

(2) ⁄ÂÏπ‡öπ ŒA°Ï∫‡ ã≥¢‡Ø∫¥¨„π

(3) ÎA°=[∫A° ã≥¢≥r°∫„π ö¯ã‡> Îö‡öπ

(4) ö¯Ïi° °‡ñi° ã≥¢≥r°∫„π ">ÂK‡≥„ŒA°∫π

137. "‡πØ„ N¯îÇt° Îö√Ïi°‡π >‡≥ [A° §Â[∫ l°¸Ï¿J A°[π[·∫?

(1) "‡[π—Ò

(2) "‡Û√°‡t°>Ù

(3) "‡[ØÏW°ƒ‡

(4) "‡ÏØíπÙπÁ°·

138. "GÛ°l¢°, ö‡[π, “‡“¸Ïl°∫§‡K¢ "‡[É ö¯[Œá˝°

⁄ÂÏπ‡ö„⁄ [§≈´[§É∏‡∫⁄ —LJ[öt° Ì“[·∫^—

(1) á‡É≈-yÏ⁄‡É≈ ≈[t°A°‡t°

(2) yÏ⁄‡É≈-W°t°ɢ≈ ≈[t°A°‡t°

(3) W°t°ɢ≈-öe°É≈ ≈[t°A°‡t°

(4) Œú°É≈-" °‡É≈ ≈[t°A°‡t°

139. ⁄ÂÏπ‡ö„⁄ ≥>„»‡π *öπt° ö¯‡⁄ &A°≈[t°A°‡ \Â[π

&A°Z·y„ ö¯Æ°‡Ø [§—z‡π A°π‡ ö[r°t°Kπ‡A°„

"‡[·∫^—

(1) Îö√Ïi°‡

(2) "‡[π—zt°∫

(3) "‡ÏØíπÙπÁ°·

(4) ηíñiÙ° i°≥‡· "‡ÏA°‡Ø‡“¸>‡·

140. ≥ã∏ôÂK„⁄ ⁄ÂÏπ‡öπ [§≈´[§É∏‡∫⁄Œ≥Ë“t° [≈¤°‡π

≥‡ã∏≥ "‡[·∫^—

(1) ∫‡[t°>

(2) N¯„A°

(3) “¸}π‡\„

(4) "‡πØ„

141. ë·Â¥∂‡ [=⁄í∫[\A°‡í >‡≥π N¯îÇJ>π ö¯Ïot°‡

ÎA°‡>?

(1) “¸§>Ù πÁ°≈´ÙlÙ°

(2) “¸§>Ù [W°>‡

(3) ηíñiÙ° i°≥‡· "‡ÏA°‡Ø‡“¸>‡·

(4) ÎA°=[∫A° ã≥¢≥r°∫„π ö¯ã‡> Îö‡ö

142. ö¯‡W°„> 듸l°¸[>Æ°‡[·¢[i°í "‡[·∫^—

(1) ÎA°“¸§‡JÏ>‡ “¸l°¸[>Æ°‡[·¢[i°π &i°‡ =Ë∫

(2) —¨t°î| ≈‡Œ> §∏ؗLJ >=A°‡ &A° [≈¤°‡ §∏ؗLJ

(3) ÎA°“¸§‡JÏ>‡ A°Ï∫\π &i°‡ =Ë∫, ôít°

A°Ï∫\ϧ‡ππ —¨t°î|t°‡ >‡=‡ÏA°

(4) ÎA°“¸§‡JÏ>‡ A°Ï∫\π &i°‡ =Ë∫, ôít°

ö¯[t°J> A°Ï∫\π —¨t°î|t°‡ §‡[W° =‡ÏA°

143. ëë... Îö‡·‡A°π *öπt° §‡ÉÂ∫„π ÉÏπ "Ú‡k°Ó∫ öπ‡

K‡l°¸>íí ÎA°‡Ï> ö[πã‡> A°[π[·∫ §Â[∫ l°¸Ï¿J A°π‡

Ì“Ï·?

(1) ·‡yŒA°Ï∫

(2) "ã∏‡öA°ŒA°Ï∫

(3) W°‡W¢°π Û°‡É‡πŒA°Ï∫

(4) ö¯ã‡> Îö‡Ïö

[>샢Š: t°∫π πW°>‡Jr° ≥Ï>‡Ïô‡ÏKÏπ öÿn°‡ "‡πÁ° t°‡π t°∫t°

[É⁄‡ ö¯≈óŒ≥Ë“π° (ö¯≈ó >} ¹⁴⁴-π öπ‡ ¹⁵⁰Ì∫) [§A°ø l°¸v°πŒ≥Ë“π ≥‡\π öπ‡ "‡i°‡“¸t°ÓA° l°¸öôÂv°˚°Ïi°‡ §‡[W° l°¸[∫*ØÚ‡ : πÁ°â[Œ}“π ≥ıt°∏π ö‡·Ït°“¸ "Œ≥π J‡π ö¯—Òt° l°¸ÏÉ∏‡Kπ ÎÆ°[i°t° [t°t°‡∫‡* K[\∫°˙ l°‡R°π ôÂÚ\§‡Kπ §fiÍ° Γ‡Ø‡π ö‡·t° J‡π l°¸;ö‡É>π ö¯Ï⁄‡\>„⁄t°‡ A°[≥ "‡[“∫°˙ π\‡

[§»⁄‡ ŒA°Ï∫‡ÏØ ÎÆ°‡K-[§∫‡Œt° ≥v° Ì“ A°‡∫ A°i°‡§Ó∫

"‡π¥± A°[πÏ∫°˙ J‡πQπt° \≥‡ =A°‡ J‡πϧ‡ππ [≥⁄‡É

*A°∫‡π ö‡·t° >t°> J‡ÏπÏπ öËo¢ A°π‡π §∏ؗLJ* >‡“¸[A°⁄‡

“í∫°˙ “¸Û°‡Ï∫ π\‡Qπ„⁄‡ Î≈‡»o l°¸öâØt° "[t°À° ö¯\‡“¸

[§Ï⇓ ÎQ‡»o‡ A°[πÏ∫°˙ 1714 W°>t° —¨K¢ÏÉl°¸ πÁ°â[Œ}“π

≥ıt°∏π ŒÂÉ„Q¢ 52 §·ππ ö‡·t° 1766 W°>π ∫t°‡A°i°‡ πoÓ∫

§Â[∫Ï“ J‡πQππ ÉÂ؇π ÎJ‡∫‡ Ì“[·∫°˙ t°‡π [t°[> §·ππ ö‡·t° 1769 W°>t° Î≥‡Ø‡≥π„⁄‡ŒA°∫π [§πÁ°Ïá˝° ö¯Ï⁄‡K A°[π§Ó∫ Îô[t°⁄‡ J‡πQππ ÉÂ؇π ÎJ‡∫‡ “⁄ Ît°[t°⁄‡Ó∫

ÎŒ“¸Ï§‡π \∫„⁄§‡Õö Î≈‡»o A°[π A°[π J‡π Ì“ >‡[·∫°˙

ɇ>‡A°‡π J‡π P°[W° ∫ɇ ö‡[t°[·∫°˙ ÎŒ“¸ J‡πÏA° Ît°‡öt°

Æ°π‡“¸ \“¸ [É∫t° &\‡“¸ P°∫„* >ÂÛ°[i°∫°˙ "ؗLJπ ŒÂÏô‡K Ì∫ Î≥‡Ø‡≥π„⁄‡ŒA°∫π Î>y„ π‡ã‡-πÁ°[Fo„Ï⁄ ÎQ‡»o‡ A°[π [ÉÏ∫ Îô Ît°*ÚÏ∫‡ÏA° "Ú‡W°∫ ö‡[t° Ît°‡öπ P°∫„ ã[π ∫í§

ö‡Ïπ°˙ &“¸ P°\§ «°[> ö¯\‡π ≥‡\π öπ‡“¸ Œ}N¯“ A°π‡

"[≈[¤°t° ö‡“¸A° ÌŒ>∏§‡[“>„π ≥Ï>‡§∫ i°[i°∫°˙ π\‡Qππ öt°> “í∫°˙ Î≥‡Ø‡≥π„⁄‡ŒA°∫π π\‡Qπ„⁄‡ ÎŒ>‡π ∫Kt°

Γ‡Ø‡ ôÂá˝°π É“¸-&J>t° ÉÂÏ⁄‡ö¤°“¸ "‡ÏNó⁄‡—| §∏Ø“‡π A°π‡π

>[\π "‡Ï· ô[É* "Œ≥„⁄‡ J‡π l°¸ÏÉ∏‡ÏK "‡πÁ° ÎA°[t°⁄‡*

K‡ i°R°‡§ Î>‡Ø‡[πÏ∫°˙ Ìöot° J‡πQπ„⁄‡ŒA°∫ ÎA°‡> A°íÓ∫

Kí∫ t°‡π [—Çπt°‡ >‡“¸[A°⁄‡ “í∫°˙ "ؗLJ &Ï> “í∫ÓK Îô öËo¢‡>ñÉ §Âÿn°‡ÏK‡“Ú‡“¸Ï⁄ “¸l°¸Ïπ‡ö„⁄ "‡[“¢π ö¯=≥Ïi°‡ "Œ≥„⁄‡

ö¬i°> Ìt°⁄‡π A°ÏπÚ‡Ït° “¸ ° “¸[r°⁄‡ ÎA°‡¥ö‡[>π öπ‡ >KÉ ã> [É J‡π [A°[>§∫K„⁄‡ “í∫ÓK˙ &“¸ÉÏπ“¸ &Œ≥⁄t°

Û°π‡·„ ÎÉ≈π Œ≥öô¢‡⁄π J‡π Ìt°⁄‡π A°π‡ l°¸ÏÉ∏‡KÏi°‡π öt°>

Q[i°∫°˙

"Œ≥t° ôÂá˝°Ï¤°yπ §‡Ï§ J‡π Ìt°⁄‡π A°π‡π öπ¥öπ‡π "îz ö[π[·∫ ô[É* ≥Ï>‡πg>π Œ‡≥N¯„ [“W°‡Ïö “¸⁄‡A° Ìt°⁄‡π

A°π‡π öπ¥öπ‡ "Œ≥π Œy "‡πÁ° >‡≥Qπϧ‡πt° "§∏‡“t°

"‡[·∫°˙ Œy §‡ >‡≥Qπϧ‡ππ Æ°‡*>‡t° W°[πyϧ‡π ö¯ÏØ≈π Œ≥⁄t° ö[πÏØ≈ Œı[ °π §‡Ï§ [Û°πÙ[Û°[π (Û°∫\‡[π) aÏ∫‡Ø‡π

&i°‡ öπ¥öπ‡ "‡[·∫°˙ [Û°πÙ[Û°[π Ìt°⁄‡π A°Ïπ‡Ït° ô-J‡π

"‡πÁ° &R°‡ππ ∫Kt° KfiÍ°A°π ö[πØÏt¢° Î∫‡π P°[π [≥“∫‡“¸

[É⁄‡ Ì“[·∫°˙ &“¸ [≥≈¯oÏi°‡ÏØ [§Ï—£°‡πoπ Œ∫[> Îö‡“ππ ÎJ∫‡πÏ“ Œı[ ° A°[π[·∫°˙

144. ë∫t°‡A°i°‡ πoí ÎA°[t°⁄‡ Œ}Q[i°t° Ì“[·∫?

(1) —¨K¢ÏÉl°¸ πÁ°â[Œ}“π π‡\ŒA°‡∫t°

(2) 1769 W°>t°

(3) —¨K¢ÏÉl°¸ πÁ°â[Œ}“π ≥ıt°∏π ö¯‡⁄ "‡ã‡

≈[t°A°‡π ö‡·t°

(4) 1714 W°>t°

145. “¸l°¸Ïπ‡ö„⁄ "‡[“¢π ö¯=≥Ïi°‡ "Œ≥„⁄‡ ö¬i°> Ìt°⁄‡π A°π‡π Œ≥⁄ A°íπ öπ‡ J‡π y˚°⁄ A°[π§∫K„⁄‡

Ì“[·∫?

(1) “¸l°¸Ïπ‡öπ öπ‡

(2) "‡Ï“‡≥ —¨K¢ÏÉl°¸π öπ‡

(3) Î≥‡Ø‡≥π„⁄‡ [§Ï⇓„ŒA°∫π öπ‡

(4) “¸ ° “¸[r°⁄‡ ÎA°‡¥ö‡>„π öπ‡

146. ≥Ï>‡πg>π Œ‡≥N¯„ ë[Û°πÙ[Û°[πí §‡ ëÛ°∫\‡[πí Ìt°⁄‡π A°[π§π A°‡πÏo ö¯Ï⁄‡\>„⁄ [≥≈¯oÏi°‡t° =A°‡

l°¸ö‡É‡> Ì“Ï·^—

(1) ô-J‡π, &R°‡π, Î∫‡π P°[π

(2) ô-J‡π, &R°‡π, KfiÍ°A°

(3) &R°‡π, Î∫‡π P°[π, KfiÍ°A°

(4) &R°‡π "‡πÁ° ô-J‡π

147. ëëπÁ°â[Œ}“π ≥ıt°Â∏π ö‡·Ït°“¸ "Œ≥π J‡π l°¸ÏÉ∏‡Kπ ÎÆ°[i°t° [t°t°‡∫‡* K[\∫°˙íí &“¸ l°¸[v°˚°Ïi°‡π "=¢

Ì“Ï·^—

(1) J‡ππ ö[πØÏt¢° ∫‡*π l°¸;ö‡É> ∫‡Æ°\>A°°˙

(2) πÁ°â[Œ}““¸ "Œ≥π J‡π l°¸ÏÉ∏‡KA° "[Æ°≈‡ö [É[·∫°˙

(3) J‡π l°¸ÏÉ∏‡Kπ ö[πØÏt¢° Aı°[»A°≥¢π ö¯[t°

"Œ≥π \>Œ‡ã‡πo "‡N¯“„ “í∫°˙

(4) "Œ≥π J‡π l°¸ÏÉ∏‡K ≥ıt°ö¯‡⁄ “í∫°˙

148. Î≥‡Ø‡≥π„⁄‡ [§Ï⇓t° Î≥‡Ø‡≥π„⁄‡ŒA°∫π Î>tı°Œt°

ÎA°‡> "‡[·∫°?

(1) —¨K¢ÏÉl°¸ πÁ°â[Œ}“

(2) π‡ã‡-πÁ°[Fo„

(3) öËo¢‡>ñÉ §Âÿn°‡ÏKÚ‡“‡“¸

(4) “¸ ° “¸[r°⁄‡ ÎA°‡¥ö‡>„

149. —¨K¢ÏÉl°¸ πÁ°â[Œ}“π ≥ıt°∏ ÎA°[t°⁄‡ Ì“[·∫?

(1) 1714 W°>t°

(2) 1766 W°>t°

(3) 1769 W°>t°

(4) 1814 W°>t°

150. "‡Ï“‡≥ π\‡Qπ "‡πÁ° Î≥‡Ø‡≥π„⁄‡ŒA°∫π ≥‡\t°

Γ‡Ø‡ ôÂÚ\t° ÎA°‡Ï> "‡ÏNó⁄‡—|π §∏Ø“‡π A°[π[·∫?

(1) "‡Ï“‡≥ π\‡QÏπ

(2) Î≥‡Ø‡≥π„⁄‡ŒA°Ï∫

(3) É“¸-&J> ôÂÚ\t° ÉÂÏ⁄‡ö¤°“¸

(4) “¸[t°≥Ïã∏ "Œ≥π J‡π l°¸ÏÉ∏‡K §fiÍ° Ì“

ÌK[·∫ §‡Ï§ ÎA°‡Ï>‡ ö¤°“¸ "‡ÏNó⁄‡—|

§∏Ø“‡ππ >[\π >‡“¸

SPACE FOR ROUGH WORK

t¡ºt¡ [ƒÚà [>샢Å௺㠳ì>àì™àìKì¹ šØn¡à :

1.

[Æ°>Ù [Æ°>Ù ö¯≈óŒ≥Ë“π l°¸v°π ÎA°Ï>ãπÏo A°[π§ ∫‡[K§ t°‡π [>ÏÉ¢≈ öπ„¤°o-§“„t°° [É⁄‡ "‡Ï·°˙ ö¯≈óŒ≥Ë“π l°¸v°π A°π‡π "‡KÏt° ≥Ï>‡Ïô‡ÏKÏπ ö[ÿn°§‡°˙

2.

ö¯Ït°∏A° ö¯≈óÏπ W°‡[πi°‡ [§A°ø [É⁄‡ Ì“Ï·°˙ «°á˝° l°¸v°πÏi°‡

^OMR

l°¸v°π-§“„π [‡t¡ãÚ [š[k¡t¡ A¡ºà

^/

>ãºà ¤º ëšì>ì¹ Qè¹oãÚàîA¡ ë¤àºàÒü [ƒÚà¡ú &¤à¹ [W¡[Òû¡t¡ A¡¹à l¡üv¡¹ìi¡à šå>¹ š[¹¯t¢¡> A¡[¹¤ ë>à¯à¹à¡ú

3.

l°¸v°π-§“„J> ô‡Ït° ÆÚ°‡\ A°π‡ >“⁄ ÎŒ“¸Ïi°‡ öπ„¤°‡=¢„Ï⁄ [>[∆W°t° A°[π§ ∫‡[K§°˙ öπ„¤°‡=¢„Ï⁄ [>\π Îπ‡∫

>¥¨π l°¸v°π-§“„π [>㢇[πt° —LJ>𠧇[“Ïπ ">∏ k°‡“¸t° [>[∫ÏJ Îô>°˙

4.

öπ„¤°o-§“„ "‡πÁ° l°¸v°π-§“„ ≥Ï>‡Ïô‡ÏKÏπ §∏Ø“‡π A°[𧇰˙ A°‡πo öπ„¤°o-§“„ "‡πÁ° l°¸v°π-§“„π ÎA°Ø∫

y˚°[≥A° Œ}J∏‡π ÎJ[∫Ï≥[∫𠧇[“Ïπ [§A°ø öπ„¤°o-§“„ "‡πÁ° l°¸v°π-§“„ [É⁄‡ >“í§°˙

5.

öπ„¤°o-§“„

^/

l°¸v°π-§“„t° =A°‡ y˚°[≥A° Œ}J∏‡ l°¸ö[—Ç[t° öyt° «°á˝°Æ°‡ÏØ [∫[J§‡°˙

6. OMR

l°¸v°π-§“„t°° Œ‡}ÏA°[t°A° Î∫J>t° =A°‡ t°=∏ϧ‡π ôî|π á‡π‡ öÿn°‡ “í§°˙ ÎŒÏ⁄Ï“ ÎA°‡Ï>‡ t°=∏

"Œ¥öËo¢ÓA° &π‡ ">Â[W°t° "‡πÁ° t°=∏Œ≥Ë“ ö[πW°⁄ öyt° [É⁄‡ t°=∏π ÌŒÏt° [Æ°ƒ “í§ Î>‡Ø‡[π§°˙

7.

öπ„¤°‡=¢„Ï⁄ öπ„¤°‡ Kı“t° ö¯ÏØ≈ öy𠧇[“Ïπ ">∏ ö‡k° Œ‡≥N¯„, A°‡K\, Îö\‡π, ≥í§‡“¸∫ Û°í> "‡[É

“¸Ï∫C°ˆ[>A° Œ‡≥N¯„ §∏Ø“‡π A°[π§ Î>‡Ø‡Ïπ°˙

8.

≥í§‡“¸∫ Û°í>, [ô ÎA°‡Ï>‡ ΧtÚ°‡π Œ}Ïô‡K ŒÚ\Â[∫ ("‡>[A° W°“¸iÙ°≈´lÙ° "Û° Ì“ =‡[A°Ï∫*) "‡πÁ° ">∏‡>∏ §‡πo A°π‡ §‡ [>[»á˝° Œ‡≥N¯„ öπ„¤°‡ Kı“Ó∫ ">‡π ">Â≥[t° >‡“¸°˙ &“¸ [>ÏÉ¢≈ "≥‡>∏ A°[πÏ∫ öπ„¤°‡ Kı“t° "Œ;

l°¸ö‡⁄ "Ø∫¥¨> A°π‡ §Â[∫ Ko∏ A°π‡ “í§ "‡πÁ° Ît°*ÚÏ∫‡A°π [§πÁ°Ïá˝° öπ„¤°‡π §‡[t°∫A°πoÏA° ã[π A°‡ô¢öîLJ

N¯“o A°π‡ “í§°˙

9.

ö¯Ït°∏A° öπ„¤°‡=¢„Ï⁄ [>π„¤°A°A° ö¯ÏØ≈ öy ÎÉJÂ؇§°˙

10.

[>π„¤°A°π [§>‡ ">Â≥[t°t° öπ„¤°‡=¢„Ï⁄ §‡[“πÓ∫ ô‡§ Î>‡Ø‡[π§°˙

11.

öπ„¤°‡=¢„Ï⁄ A°‡ô¢πt° [>π„¤°A°A° l°¸v°π-§“„ [>[É⁄‡ÓA° t°=‡ l°¸ö[—Ç[t° §“„t° [át°„⁄§‡π “—z‡¤°π >A°π‡ÓA°

öπ„¤°‡ Kı“ t°∏‡K A°[π§ Î>‡Ø‡[π§°˙ ô[É öπ„¤°‡=¢„Ï⁄ [át°„⁄§‡π l°¸ö[—Ç[t° §“„t° “—z‡¤°π >A°Ïπ Ît°Ï>“íÏ∫

l°¸v°π-§“„ [>[É⁄‡ §Â[∫ ã[π Î∫‡Ø‡ “í§ "‡πÁ° “¸⁄‡A° ">Â[W°t° A°‡ô¢ §Â[∫ [§Ï§W°>‡ A°π‡ “í§°˙

12.

“¸Ï∫C°ˆ[>A°

^/

“—zW°‡[∫t° ÎA°∫A°Ï∫i°ππ ö¯Ï⁄‡K A°[π§ Î>‡Ø‡[π§°˙

13.

öπ„¤°‡ Kı“t° öπ„¤°‡=¢„ Χ‡l¢°π [>⁄≥ ">ÂŒ‡Ïπ ö[πW°‡[∫t° “í§ ∫‡[K§°˙ ŒA°Ï∫‡ ">Â[W°t° A°‡ô¢π §‡Ï§ Χ‡l¢°π [Œá˝°‡îz“¸ WË°ÿl°‡îz “í§°˙

14.

ÎA°‡Ï>‡ A°‡πoÏt° öπ„¤°‡=¢„Ï⁄ öπ„¤°o-§“„ "‡πÁ° l°¸v°π-§“„ ÎA°‡Ï>‡ "}≈ÏA°“¸ öı=A° A°[π§ Î>‡Ø‡[π§°˙

15.

š¹ãۡ๠"”zt¡ š¹ãÛ¡à=¢ãìÚ š¹ãÛ¡à KõÒ t¡¸àK A¡¹à¹ šè줢 l¡üv¡¹-¤Òã [>¹ãÛ¡A¡¹ Òàt¡t¡ \³à [ƒ¤ ºà[K¤¡ú

š¹ãÛ¡à=¢ãìÚ š¹ãÛ¡o-¤Òã ºKt¡ [>¤ šà칡ú