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Six Problems on Area and Perimeter

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50 Azim Premji University At Right Angles, March 2022

Problem Corner

1

Keywords: Area; Perimeter; Triangle; Trigonometry; Ratio;

Composition; Decomposition; Dissection

Six Problems on Area and Perimeter

2. The accompanying figure shows a square ABCD inscribed in a circle with centre O. Points, P, Q are situated in the minor arc AB such that AP = PQ = QB. Find the ratio of the areas of AOB and quadrilateral APQB.

Area of ABC= 12ab sin C.

A. RAMACHANDRAN

1. The accompanying figure shows a square ABCD inscribed in a circle with centre O. P is the midpoint of minor arc AB. Find the ratio of the areas of AOB and APB.

The following formula for the area of a triangle could be useful to you in solving the first two problems.

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Azim Premji University At Right Angles, March 2022 51

*O UIF BDDPNQBOZJOH ëHVSF B SFDUBOHMF JT EJWJEFE JOUP GPVS TNBMMFS SFDUBOHMFT *G UIF QFSJNFUFST PG UIF UPQ MFGU UPQ SJHIU BOE CPUUPN MFGU SFDUBOHMFT BSF BOE VOJUT SFTQFDUJWFMZ ëOE UIF QFSJNFUFS PG UIF SFDUBOHMF BU CPUUPN SJHIU

8JUI SFGFSFODF UP UIF ëHVSF PG UIF QSFWJPVT RVFTUJPO JG UIF BSFBT PG UIF UPQ MFGU UPQ SJHIU BOE CPUUPN MFGU SFDUBOHMFT BSF BOE TRVBSF VOJUT SFTQFDUJWFMZ ëOE UIF BSFB PG UIF SFDUBOHMF BU CPUUPN SJHIU

ɨJT QSPCMFN JT B % BOBMPHVF PG UIF QSFWJPVT QSPCMFN 8F IBWF B DVCPJE EJWJEFE JOUP FJHIU TNBMMFS DVCPJET CZ UISFF QMBOF DVUT POF QBSBMMFM UP FBDI QBJS PG PQQPTJUF GBDFT 4FF 'JHVSF ɨF FJHIU TNBMMFS DVCPJET IBWF CFFO OVNCFSFE GSPN UP $VCPJET BSF EJSFDUMZ CFMPX DVCPJET SFTQFDUJWFMZ ɨF EJêFSFOU FEHF MFOHUIT IBWF CFFO EFTJHOBUFE BTBCDEFG *G OPX UIF WPMVNFT PG DVCPJET BOE BSF HJWFO IPX DBO ZPV ëOE UIF WPMVNF PG DVCPJE

ɨJT QSPCMFN SFMBUFT UP UIF EJTTFDUFE DVCPJE PG UIF QSFWJPVT QSPCMFN *G UIF UPUBM TVSGBDF BSFBT PG DVCPJET UP BSF HJWFO IPX DBO ZPV DBMDVMBUF UIF UPUBM TVSGBDF BSFB PG DVCPJE

(3)

52 Azim Premji University At Right Angles, March 2022

4PMVUJPOT

-FU VT UBLF UIF SBEJVT PG UIF DJSDMF UP CF VOJU

ɨFO BSFB PG"0#=

TRVBSF VOJUT *G XF KPJO 01"01= CZ TZNNFUSZ ɨFO BSFB PG "01=

TJO =

"SFB PG RVBESJMBUFSBM "1#0=

=

"SFB PG"1#=

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)/ <8F DPVME BMTP ëOE UIF MFOHUI PG UIF BMUJUVEF PO CBTF

"# JO"1# BOE UIFSFCZ UIF BSFB PG"1#>

3BUJP PG BSFBT PG"0# BOE"1#=

8F VTF BO BQQSPBDI TJNJMBS UP UIBU PG UIF FBSMJFS TPMVUJPO *G XF KPJO 01 UIFO"01= FRVBM DIPSET TVCUFOE FRVBM BOHMFT BU UIF DFOUSF

"SFB PG"01=

TJO =

3BEJVT PG DJSDMF UBLFO BT VOJUZ

"SFB PG QFOUBHPO "12#0 JT UIFO

"SFB PG RVBESJMBUFSBM "12#=

=

3BUJP PG BSFBT PG"0# BOE RVBESJMBUFSBM "12#=

-FU VT OBNF UIF EJêFSFOU MFOHUIT JO UIF ëHVSF BTBCDBOEE 4FF BDDPNQBOZJOH ëHVSF ɨFO XF IBWF BD= C+D= B+E=

52 Azim Premji University At Right Angles, March 2022

4PMVUJPOT

-FU VT UBLF UIF SBEJVT PG UIF DJSDMF UP CF VOJU

ɨFO BSFB PG"0#=

TRVBSF VOJUT *G XF KPJO 01"01= CZ TZNNFUSZ ɨFO BSFB PG "01=

TJO =

"SFB PG RVBESJMBUFSBM "1#0=

=

"SFB PG"1#=

= (

)/ <8F DPVME BMTP ëOE UIF MFOHUI PG UIF BMUJUVEF PO CBTF

"# JO"1# BOE UIFSFCZ UIF BSFB PG"1#>

3BUJP PG BSFBT PG"0# BOE"1#=

8F VTF BO BQQSPBDI TJNJMBS UP UIBU PG UIF FBSMJFS TPMVUJPO *G XF KPJO 01 UIFO"01= FRVBM DIPSET TVCUFOE FRVBM BOHMFT BU UIF DFOUSF

"SFB PG"01=

TJO =

3BEJVT PG DJSDMF UBLFO BT VOJUZ

"SFB PG QFOUBHPO "12#0 JT UIFO

"SFB PG RVBESJMBUFSBM "12#=

=

3BUJP PG BSFBT PG"0# BOE RVBESJMBUFSBM "12#=

-FU VT OBNF UIF EJêFSFOU MFOHUIT JO UIF ëHVSF BTBCDBOEE 4FF BDDPNQBOZJOH ëHVSF ɨFO XF IBWF BD= C+D= B+E=

(4)

Azim Premji University At Right Angles, March 2022 53

ɨF SFRVJSFE SFTVMU JT C+E= C+D+ B+E− B+D=+=

6TJOH UIF TBNF EFTJHOBUJPO PG MFOHUIT BT JO UIF QSFWJPVT TPMVUJPO XF IBWFBD=CD= BE= ɨF SFRVJSFE SFTVMU JTCE =CDBEBD = ×= TRVBSF VOJUT

7PMVNFT PG DVCPJET BOE BSFBDFCDFBOEBEG SFTQFDUJWFMZ 7PMVNF PG DVCPJE JTCEG /PUJDF UIBU

CDF×BEG

BDF =CEG.ɨBU JT WPMVNF×WPMVNF÷WPMVNF=WPMVNF.

*O PUIFS XPSET UIF QSPEVDU PG UIF WPMVNFT PG UXP DVCPJET UIBU BSF EJBHPOBMMZ PQQPTJUF UP FBDI PUIFS EP OPU TIBSF B GBDF PS FEHF CVU NFFU BU B WFSUFY JT UIF QSPEVDU PG BMM TJY FEHF MFOHUIT JF BCDEFG

-FU VT XSJUF EPXO UIF 54" UPUBM TVSGBDF BSFB PG BMM FJHIU DVCPJET VTJOH UIF MFOHUI EFTJHOBUJPOT PG UIF QSFWJPVT QSPCMFN

54"= (BD+BF+DF); 54"=(CD+CF+DF);

54" =(BE+BF+EF); 54"=(CE+CF+EF);

54"= (BD+DG+BG); 54"=(CD+CG+DG);

54"=(BE+BG+EG); 54"=(CE+CG+EG).

/PUF UIBU 54"+54"+54"+54"=54"+54"+54"+54"

4P LOPXJOH BOZ TFWFO 54"T POF DBO PCUBJO UIF SFNBJOJOH 54"

A. RAMACHANDRAN has had a longstanding interest in the teaching of mathematics and science. He studied physical science and mathematics at the undergraduate level and shifted to life science at the postgraduate level. He taught science, mathematics and geography to middle school students at Rishi Valley School for two decades. His other interests include the English language and Indian music. He may be contacted at [email protected].

52 Azim Premji University At Right Angles, March 2022

4PMVUJPOT

-FU VT UBLF UIF SBEJVT PG UIF DJSDMF UP CF VOJU

ɨFO BSFB PG"0#=

TRVBSF VOJUT *G XF KPJO 01"01= CZ TZNNFUSZ ɨFO BSFB PG "01=

TJO =

"SFB PG RVBESJMBUFSBM "1#0=

=

"SFB PG"1#=

= (

)/ <8F DPVME BMTP ëOE UIF MFOHUI PG UIF BMUJUVEF PO CBTF

"# JO"1# BOE UIFSFCZ UIF BSFB PG"1#>

3BUJP PG BSFBT PG"0# BOE"1#=

8F VTF BO BQQSPBDI TJNJMBS UP UIBU PG UIF FBSMJFS TPMVUJPO *G XF KPJO 01 UIFO"01= FRVBM DIPSET TVCUFOE FRVBM BOHMFT BU UIF DFOUSF

"SFB PG"01=

TJO =

3BEJVT PG DJSDMF UBLFO BT VOJUZ

"SFB PG QFOUBHPO "12#0 JT UIFO

"SFB PG RVBESJMBUFSBM "12#=

=

3BUJP PG BSFBT PG"0# BOE RVBESJMBUFSBM "12#=

-FU VT OBNF UIF EJêFSFOU MFOHUIT JO UIF ëHVSF BTBCDBOEE 4FF BDDPNQBOZJOH ëHVSF ɨFO XF IBWF BD= C+D= B+E=

Azim Premji University At Right Angles, March 2022 53

ɨF SFRVJSFE SFTVMU JT C+E= C+D+ B+E− B+D=+=

6TJOH UIF TBNF EFTJHOBUJPO PG MFOHUIT BT JO UIF QSFWJPVT TPMVUJPO XF IBWFBD=CD= BE= ɨF SFRVJSFE SFTVMU JTCE =CDBEBD = ×= TRVBSF VOJUT

7PMVNFT PG DVCPJET BOE BSFBDFCDFBOEBEG SFTQFDUJWFMZ 7PMVNF PG DVCPJE JTCEG /PUJDF UIBU

CDF×BEG

BDF =CEG.ɨBU JT WPMVNF×WPMVNF÷WPMVNF=WPMVNF.

*O PUIFS XPSET UIF QSPEVDU PG UIF WPMVNFT PG UXP DVCPJET UIBU BSF EJBHPOBMMZ PQQPTJUF UP FBDI PUIFS EP OPU TIBSF B GBDF PS FEHF CVU NFFU BU B WFSUFY JT UIF QSPEVDU PG BMM TJY FEHF MFOHUIT JF BCDEFG

-FU VT XSJUF EPXO UIF 54" UPUBM TVSGBDF BSFB PG BMM FJHIU DVCPJET VTJOH UIF MFOHUI EFTJHOBUJPOT PG UIF QSFWJPVT QSPCMFN

54"= (BD+BF+DF); 54"=(CD+CF+DF);

54" =(BE+BF+EF); 54"=(CE+CF+EF);

54"= (BD+DG+BG); 54"=(CD+CG+DG);

54"=(BE+BG+EG); 54"=(CE+CG+EG).

/PUF UIBU 54"+54"+54"+54"=54"+54"+54"+54"

4P LOPXJOH BOZ TFWFO 54"T POF DBO PCUBJO UIF SFNBJOJOH 54"

A. RAMACHANDRAN has had a longstanding interest in the teaching of mathematics and science. He studied physical science and mathematics at the undergraduate level and shifted to life science at the postgraduate level. He taught science, mathematics and geography to middle school students at Rishi Valley School for two decades. His other interests include the English language and Indian music. He may be contacted at [email protected].

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