An study of Indian railways networks and approach to ... - IRD India

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International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems (IJEECS)

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ISSN (Online): 2347-2820, Volume -2, Issue-10 2014 7

A study of Indian railways networks and approaches to implement the bullet trains in Indian scenario

1S. Ramesh, ²K.Joseph Raj Research Scholar, M.Tech-student

Dept. of ECE Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula Email: ¹[email protected], ²[email protected]

Abstract:- Today in the real time world, the days are getting faster with the people’s life. The people are making the transports in the huge manner. But transports like bus, trains, air etc…, are developing. But majority of the people are doing preference for trains only. In India we are having the fastest trains like satabadi, rajdhani and duronto etc.., but as per the situation, currently, the fastest train in India is the Bhopal Shatabdi, which has a top speed of 150 km/h (93 mph).So it is right time to increase the trains speed and we want to reduce the traveling time also, as per the situation of Indian railways networks we cant not able to make the speed of this broad gauge trains not more 180 km/h So we have to make the alternative way called high speed bullet trains. Apart from India, some countries like Japan, china, German, France, South Korea, Spain, Italy, Europe are already implemented the bullet trains. At the time of high speed trains with a speed of 250km to 350 km per hour, India still uses rail transportation, that doesn’t go beyond 100km per hour and passengers have to travel days to reach the destinations with the existing rail networks. With a view to provide them faster transportation, Indian railways have decided to build six high speed rail corridors in the country. But still we are lagging in the advance developments what is the reason behind this? We had all the resources but main drawback is our environment conditions. So here in this paper we are discussing to improve the issues regarding the environmental condition for developing the high speed bullet trains.

I. INTRODUCTION

The Indian railways are among one of largest railway systems in the world. Indian railways have an extensive network, which is spread over 63 208 route kilometer, comprising broad gauge

(44,776 rkm), meter gauge (14,987rkm) and narrow gauge (3265 rkm).Approximately, 24 percent of the network is electrified. India has one of the largest rail networks in the world but does not have any high-speed rail lines capable of supporting speeds of 200 km/h (124 mph) or more. High-speed corridors have been proposed but not implemented. The Indian railways have played an integrating role in the social and economic development of the country. China and Japan are leading the world in development of high speed bullet train routes but thus far routes have been limited

to major metro politan corridars.but just now Indian ministry of railways has identified six such corridors which are under various stage of development, there are(i) delhi-chandigarh-amristar (450 km) (ii) pune- mumbai-ahmedabad (650 km) (iii) Hyderabad-dornakal- vijaywada-chennai 664km (iv) Chennai-bangalore- coimbatore-ernakulam-thiruvanthapiram 850km (v) howrah-haldia 135 (vi) delhi-agra-lucknow-varanasi- patna (991km).When we are implementing high speed bullet trains we are having these types of issues in the Indian environmental condition. The bullet trains can be implemented in following manners sub way implement and corridor based implementation. In this paper we are going to discuss the issues happens when we implements the techniques in Indian scenario.

II. FACTS ABOUT INDIAN RAILWAYS

Indian railways, a historical legacy, are a vital force in our economy. The first railway on Indian sub-continent ran from Bombay to thane on 16^th April 1853.fourteen railway carriages carried about 400 guests from Bombay to Thane covering a distance of 21 miles (34 Kilometers). Since then there has been no looking back.

Today, it covers 6,909 stations over a total route length of more than 63,028 kilometers. The track kilometers in broad gauge (1676 mm) are 86,526 kms, meter gauge (1000 mm) are 18,529 kms and narrow gauge (762/610 mm) are 3,651 kms. Of the total route of 63,028 kms, 16001 kms

Are electrified. The railways have 8000 locomotives, 50,000 coaching vehicles, 222,147 freight wagons, 6853 stations, 300 yards, 2300 good sheds, 700 repair shops, and 1.54 million work force. Indian Railways runs around 11,000 trains everyday, of which 7,000 are passenger trains. Presently, 9 pairs of Rajdhani and 13 pairs of Shatabdi Express Trains run on the rail tracks of India.

It is interesting to note that though the railways were introduced to facilitate the commercial interest of the British, it played an important role in unifying the country.

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Railways are ideally suited for long distance travel and movement of bulk commodities. Regarded better than road transport in terms of energy efficiency, land use, environment impact and safety it is always in forefront during national emergency.

Indian railways, the largest rail network in Asia and the world’s second largest under one management are also credited with having a multi gauge and multi traction system.

The Indian Railways have been a great integrating force for more than 150 years. It has helped the economic life of the country and helped in accelerating the development of industry and agriculture. Indian Railways is known to be the largest railway network in Asia.

The Indian Railways network binds the social, cultural and economical fabric of the country and covers the whole of country ranging from north to south and east to west removing the distance barrier for its people. The railway network of India has brought together the whole of country hence creating a feeling of unity among Indians.

III. HIGH SPEED RAIL TRAVEL

In the coming decade, Indian Railways must catch up with the developed railways of the world in the matter of speed of trains. The current effort to provide fast non- stop train services under the new brand of Duronto will continue. In addition, For example, train journey between Delhi-Mumbai and Delhi-Kolkata will become an overnight service. The Vision 2020 also envisages the implementation of, one in each of the regions of the nation and planning for at least 8 more corridors connecting commercial, tourist and pilgrimage hubs. Six corridors have already been identified for technical studies on setting up of High Speed Rail Corridors.

These are:

i. Delhi-Chandigarh-Amritsar;

ii. Pune-Mumbai-Ahmedabad;

iii. Hyderabad-Dornakal-Vijayawada-Chennai;

iv. Howrah-Haldia;

v. Chennai-Bangalore-Coimbatore-Ernakulam;

vi. Delhi-Agra-Lucknow-Varanasi-Patna

These could be built as elevated corridors in keeping with the pattern of habitation and the constraint of land in our country. The Railways will use the PPP mode for investment and execution, and draw on frontier technologies incorporating the highest standards of safety and service quality. In the next 10 years, we would develop 50 World Class Stations which compare with the best, internationally. Once redeveloped, these stations would be well-integrated with other modes of transport in the cities and easy to access and use. There would be no congestion. In another words, these stations

would go beyond being mere transport hubs. They would become vibrant centers of the life of the cities, for commerce, entertainment and social space. They would also become major tourist attractions, as is happening with redesigned railway stations in many parts of the world. All this would be achieved using the PPP route, for which an attractive enabling policy and implementation structure will be presented shortly. Our Catering services must ensure availability of hygienically prepared and nutritionally balanced food to passengers and cater to the diversity of India's palate and pocket. To achieve these goals, railway catering services will soon undergo major reform.

IV. PRESENT SCENARIO

India has one of the largest rail networks in the world but does not have any high- speed rail lines capable of supporting speeds over 300 km/h (186.4 mph).

However, high-speed corridors that have been proposed have never been implemented. For the first time in the history of Indian Railways, point-to-point non-stop Duronto Express trains began operations in 2009.

Furthermore, Indian Railways also aims to raise the speed of passenger trains to 300-350 km/h on dedicated conventional tracks.

The Indian Railways is planning to implement new policies for achieving its goal of high-speed transportation with a forward vision of reaching a speed of about 350 km/h on new tracks using state-of-the-art technology, such as Shinkansen/TGVetc. This would act as an improvement on the existing conventional lines.

While they do not define high-speed, but their recent approach matches the high-speed definitions of the Trans-European high-speed rail network for upgraded lines and new lines built for high-speed

V. JAPAN’S CASE

Since the inauguration of the first "Shinkansen" high- speed railway line in Japan--the Tokaido Shinkansen--in 1964, Japan's high-speed railway lines have been a great success. In Japan, on an average the high-speed rail development has reduced traveling time for passengers by three hours with traveling speed of 300 km/h from morning to late evening, while freight transport time has reduced by five hours with a speed of 160 km/h during the night. With the development of a R160-billion high- speed rail route, based on Japan’s Shinkansen rail, the volume of freights has reached between 2.5- 4.2-million tons a year. Furthermore, due to increment in train speed in last few years, passenger flow through the central region of Japan has changed significantly, thus generating significant demand and increasing user benefits.

VI. PROBLEM STATEMENT

The present study is to be focused on “what should be the approach of the Indian Railways for achieving the goal of implementing the high speed train system in

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India?” When approaching this implementation following issues will occurs.

Issues in Indian environmental condition:

1. Canal and river problems (Bridge condition) 2. Water leakage problems

3. Soil erosion problems 4. Rock destroy problem

A. Implementation of bullet trains

The implementation trains will be based on two ways:

1. under sub Way implementation 2. Corridor based implementation

VII. NATURE OF THE WORK

Our concept is fully based on study of Indian railway networks, according to our study analysis as per the Indian scenario condition we can able to implement the high speed bullet trains in two ways,

1. under sub way implementation

2. Corridor based condition implementation A.Example of Indian railway bullet trains

India has one of the largest rail networks in the world but does not have any high- speed rail lines capable of supporting speeds over 300 km/h (186.4 mph).

However, high-speed corridors that have been proposed have never been implemented. For the first time in the history of Indian Railways, point-to-point non-stop Duronto Express trains began operations in 2009.

Furthermore, Indian Railways also aims to raise the speed of passenger trains to 300-350 km/h on dedicated conventional tracks

7.1: Example of bullet trains B. Under subway implementation

Subway Bullet Trains is almost implemented from all around the world such as Sydney, New York, Beijing including the up and coming bullet train in India. India is on the path of upgrading technology with the prominent “Japanese Bullet Train” technology to be used for Mumbai - Ahmedabad route.

7.2. Example for under subway implementation C. Corridor based implementation

C. Corridor based implementation

The Ahmedabad–Mumbai–Pune high-speed passenger corridor is a proposed high-speed rail corridor in India connecting the cities of Ahmedabad, Mumbai and Pune.

It will be India's first high speed rail line. Initially proposed between economic giants Mumbai and Ahmedabad, it was later under the political pressure extended to Pune also. It had been proposed between Ahmedabad and Mumbai since a decade, now it is going to turn into reality.

D. Issues

First up all before approaching the implementation of high speed bullet train corridor we have to rectify the issues. The issues are listed below with the solution.

Issue: 1

Canal and river problem (Bridge construction)

For canal and river problem we have make the basement very strong. The reason behind this was when the bullet train is going in the speed of 250/300km per hour due to the vibration of fast the bridge can get damaged, so make the bridge in very strong manner.

The bridge can be constructed with the help of steel but under the water we have make the strong ceintings with the help of rock stone and black clay. After make the steel construction.

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Issue: 2

Water Leakage (due to the pressure of high speed train) Due to the high speed train, near by the farmer land, forest, river, pond & canal, in these places easily water can comes out due to the pressure of high speed. So rectify those places and make some changes to the strong state. How we can analyze means make some 3 feet and pour the black stone then river side mud with cement and then pour the black stones now the state become very solid. So following there ways we can easily avoid the water leakage problem.

Issue: 3

Soil condition problem (Due to natural and artificial condition the soil was not stable )

For soil condition means in some places the soil are not in the stable form some erosions can occurs,so stabilize these places make some strong soil condition with the help of Blackstone and clay mud.

Issue 4

Rock Destroy problem

Due to the high speed trains near by the rock it very close to the track it can get cracks. So avoid these problems rock should be tied with the help of steel wiring.

Apart from these also due to artificial and natural conditions some disaster happens. But mainly we are studying the bullet trains implemtation.But avoid these conditions better choose the alternative way that don’t touches these of locations.

VIII CONCLUSION

Indian Railways require finance for modernization however the required budgetary support is absent. For example, the provision of automated signaling system to prevent the crashes is missing. The stiff competition between private airlines has brought serious threat on upper class passengers of the railways. Though Rajdhanai and Shatabadi trains are the fastest and luxurious trains of India their speed and food service is not competitive as compared to the air travel.

The other key problem faced by the Indian Railways is the high accident rate, which includes derailment, collisions, many being run over by trains,

The earlier pay commission (in the years 1986 & 1996) recommendations had badly hit the bottom lines of the Railway and other Government Department. The recommendations of sixth pay commission are expected by the end of 2008, which might make Indian railways go red again. Apart from these also due to artificial and natural conditions some disaster happens. But mainly we are studying the bullet trains implemtation.But avoid these conditions better choose the alternative way that don’t touches these of locations. But in our study we are giving some idea. This idea want to be consider when the high speed bullet train implementations.

REFERENCES

[1] Ministry of Indian railway

http://rti.railnet.gov.in/.

[2] M. C. Edwards et al., “Improving Freight Rail Safety with onboard Monitoring and Control Systems,” in Proceedings of the 2005 ASME/IEEE Joint Rail Conference, Pueblo, CO, USA, Mar 2005, pp. 117–122.

[3] K. Ishizu et al., “Bullet-train Network Architecture for Broadband and Real-time Access,” in 12th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, (ISCC 2007), Aveiro, Portugal, July 2007, pp. 241– 248.

[4] Daniel T. Fokum, Student Member, IEEE and Victor S. Frost, Fellow, IEEE.IEEE

COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS &

TUTORIALS, VOL. 12, NO. 2, SECOND QUARTER 2010.

[5] Rishi Kapoor, Alex C. Snoeren, Geoffrey M.

Voelker, George Porter University of California, San Diego, Bullet Trains: A study of NIC burst behavior at Microsecond timescales.

[6] Amos P, Bullock D, Sondhi J (2010) High-Speed Rail: The Fast Track to Economic Development?

(The World Bank, Washington, DC).

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