DIRECTORATE OF OILSEEDS DEVELOPMENT GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE & FARMERS COOPERATION
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION & FARMERS WELFARE TELHAN BHAVAN, HIMAYATNAGAR,
HYDERABAD-500 029, TELANGANA
POTENTIAL CROPS & PRODUCTION SYSTEMS FOR SUMMER OILSEED
CROPS
B. K. Srivastava
DIRECTOR I/C
SUMMER OILSEED CROPS
Crops States
States Reporting States not reporting
Groundnut
Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharashtra, TamilNadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Assam, Manipur, Tripura
Sunflower
Karnataka, Bihar, Haryana, Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand & West BengalAndhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Odisha
Sesame
West Bengal, Gujarat, Karnataka,Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Jharkhand Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Odisha
Crop Average as on
date#
AREA SOWN
2017-18 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2013-14 2012-13
Groundnut 5.095 4.467 5.667 4.404 4.343 5.405 5.654
Sunflower 0.550 0.324 0.426 0.577 0.629 0.495 0.624
Sesamum 3.033 2.949 2.398 2.531 3.808 3.822 2.606
Other Oilseeds 0.121 0.047 0.022 0.159 0.180 0.167 0.075
Total 8.799 7.787 8.513 7.671 8.960 9.889 8.959
Area in lakh ha
#Average as on date is derived by making average of area coverage under oilseeds for the corresponding week period of last five years (2012-13 to 2016-17).
State-wise Crop Coverage under Summer Oilseed crops
Sl.
No State
Area covered during 2017-18 (lakh ha)
Groundnut Sunflower Sesame
Total Summ er
% of summ
er Total Summ er
% of summ
er Total Summ er
% of summ
er 1 Andhra Pradesh 7.540 0.070 0.93 0.100 0.010 10.00 0.330 0.060 18.18 2 Telangana 1.530 0.000 0.00 0.033 0.000 0.00 0.080 0.060 75.00 3 Bihar 0.021 0.000 0.00 0.069 0.020 28.99 0.047 0.000 0.00 4 Chhattisgarh 1.007 0.200 19.86 0.150 0.080 53.44 0.344 0.000 0.00 5 Gujarat 16.779 0.523 3.12 0.000 0.000 1.277 0.160 12.53 6 Haryana 0.061 0.000 0.00 0.030 0.030 100.00 0.041 0.000 0.00 7 Jharkhand 0.339 0.000 0.01 0.033 0.001 2.97 0.096 0.001 0.63 8 Karnataka 6.350 1.410 22.20 2.400 0.080 3.33 0.370 0.010 2.70 9 Madhya Pradesh 2.230 0.050 2.24 0.000 0.000 4.240 0.000 0.00 10 Maharashtra 2.642 0.504 19.08 0.231 0.004 1.63 0.190 0.009 4.48 11 Odisha 1.979 0.161 8.16 0.124 0.029 23.28 1.871 0.144 7.68 12 Punjab 0.020 0.000 0.00 0.040 0.040 100.00 0.060 0.000 0.00 13 Tamil Nadu 3.535 0.238 6.73 0.152 0.005 3.29 0.349 0.046 13.18 14 Uttar Pradesh 1.920 0.770 40.11 0.004 0.004 100.00 3.002 0.000 0.00 15 West Bengal 0.644 0.540 83.85 0.053 0.022 41.51 2.469 2.460 99.64
16 Others 5.948 0.000 0.030 0.000 3.059 0.000
All INDIA 52.545 4.467 8.50 3.448 0.324 9.41 17.825 2.949 16.54
State-wise districts growing Summer Oilseed crops
Sl.
No Crop State MAJOR DISTRICTS
1 Groundnut
Gujarat
Kutch, Vadodara, Junagadh, Jamnagar, Bhavanagar, Sabarkanta, Tapi, Rajkot
Maharashtra
Yavatmal, Pune, Nanded, Nadurbar, Dhule, Parbhani, Satara, Solapur, Hingoli, Wardha
West Bengal
Midnapur (E), Midnapur (W), Hoogly, Howrah, Nadia, Jalpaiguri, 24 Paragnas (N)
2 Sunflower
Maharashtra Kolhapur, Osmanabad
Karnataka Kolar, Davangere, Bellary, Raichur, Bijapur Punjab
Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Kapurtala, Ludhiana, Mohali, Nawan Shehar, Fatehgarh Saheb, Patiala
3 Sesamum West Bengal
Midnapur (W), Hooghly, Nadia, Bankura, Murshidabad, Bardhamam, 24 Paragnas (N)
As per the district-wise data submitted by State Department of Agriculture, summer oilseed crops are being cultivated in these districts.
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
•Assured irrigation and nutrient management condition.
•Yield levels are much higher.
•Sowing : January/February to May/June.
•Major states are Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharashtra and some parts of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Telangana & Uttar Pradesh
•In North Eastern States, mainly grown during January-February in Assam, Manipur and Tripura.
•Due to high productivity in NE states, increasing summer groundnut area is better option.
•Use of polythene mulch technology will improve the germination and also initial growth against the low temperature during Jan-Feb in NE States.
•Some of the cropping systems including groundnut as summer crop.
- Coastal areas : Rice-Mustard-Groundnut
- Maharashtra : Jowar-Sunflower-Groundnut ; Sesame-Sunflower-Groundnut - Tamil Nadu : Blackgram-Rice-Groundnut
GROUNDNUT
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
•Groundnut varieties recommended for summer cultivation:
GROUNDNUT
Variety State recommended Variety State recommended
VRI (Gn) 5 (2001) Tamil Nadu VRI (Gn) 6 (2009) Maharashtra, AP, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
GG-6 (2003) Gujarat Greeshma (2009) Andhra Pradesh
TG-37-A (2004) All India Vijetha (2010) West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand
Narayani (2007) Andhra Pradesh Kadiri Harithandra (2010) Karnataka, Maharashtra SG-99 (2004) Punjab Pratap Raj Mugapalli (2011) Rajasthan
Prutha (2005) All India ALG 06-320 (2011) Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh
TG 38 (2006) Odisha, West Bengal, NE states RARS T-1 (2011) Andhra Pradesh Abhaya (2006) Andhra Pradesh RARS T-2 (2011)
Vasundhara (2007) West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand, Assam
GJG-31 (2012) Gujarat
TG-51 (2008) GJG-9 (20112)
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
•Rice fallow areas of North Eastern states.
•West Bengal is the major state cultivating summer sesame over an area of about 2.00 lakh ha.
•Sesamum is also cultivated as summer crop in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Odisha & Tamil Nadu states.
•Summer sesame yields are higher and by adopting the integrated nutrient management yields can be increased by about 33%.
•Some of the cropping systems including Sesame as summer crop.
- Coastal areas : Rice-Mustard-Sesame ; Rice-Potato-Sesame - Tamil Nadu : Groundnut-Rice-Sesame - West Bengal : Rice-Mustard-Sesame ; Rice-Wheat-Sesame Summer Sesamum
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
Sesame growing seasons in India are tabulated below
Sesamum
Season Planting
time Harvesting
time Condition Area % Name of States Rainy (Kharif) June-July Oct-Nov Rainfed 70 MP, UP, Rajasthan, Gujarat,
Maharashtra, AP, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu & Odisha
Mid Rainy
(Pre-Rabi) Aug-Sept Dec-Jan Rainfed 20 MP, Maharashtra, Gujarat Winter (Rabi) Oct-Nov Feb-Mar Irrigated Negligi
ble Odisha, WB, Tamil Nadu Summer
(Pre Kharif) Jan-March Apr-June Irrigated 10 WB, Bihar, Odisha, AP, Tamil Nadu
& Kerala
Sesame varieties recommended for summer cultivation
Variety State recommended
JCS-94 (2002) Andhra Pradesh Hima (2006)
Amrit (2006) AP, TN, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, MP Savitri (2008) West Bengal
Jawahar Til-12 (2008) Madhya Pradesh Jawahar Til-14 (2008)
PKV-NT-11 (2009) Maharashtra
Subha (2012) Odisha
Smarak (2012)
DS-5 (2012) Karnataka
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
•In Northern India, the sunflower is grown mainly in Spring/Zaid season.
•Apart from Northern India, summer sunflower is also cultivated in Maharashtra, Karnataka &
Tamil Nadu state.
•Sowing takes place during last week of January to First FN of February. Sowing should not be delayed beyond 1st FN of February. Otherwise, productivity is affected due to high temperature during flowering and filling stage.
•Crop sequences of Sunflower :
- Tamil Nadu : Mung bean-Rice-Sunflower - Punjab, Haryana, UP & Bihar : Maize-Potato-Sunflower;
Groundnut-Mustard-Sunflower;
Fodder-Potato/Mustard-Sunflower;
Urdbean-Toria-Sunflower Sunflower
Sunflower varieties recommended for summer cultivation
Variety/Hybrid State recommended KBSH-44 (Hy) (2003) All states
PSFH-118 (Hy) (2004) Punjab HSFH-848 (Hy) (2005) Haryana DRSH-1 (PCSH-243) (2006) All Statts
Area expansion of Summer Oilseed crops
Area in lakh ha and Production in lakh tonnes
TARGETTING RICE FALLOW AREA (TRFA)
NoSl.
. State No. of
DistrictNo. of
villageKharif Paddy area
Estimated area of rice fallow
Target for rice fallow area
coverage Target of area coverage by 2020
Expected additional production by
2020
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Pulses Oilseeds Pulses Oilseeds
1 Assam 8 800 20.52 10.42 2.30 2.30 2.30 5.40 1.35 3.75 0.90
2 Bihar 5 500 32.08 0.49 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.90 0.23 0.69 0.21
3 Chhattisgarh 5 500 38.30 28.56 3.50 3.50 3.50 10.80 2.70 5.58 1.26
4 Jharkhand 4 400 15.02 4.75 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.90 0.22 0.69 0.12
5 Odisha 9 900 36.33 29.61 4.30 4.30 4.30 10.80 2.70 5.28 1.77
6 West Bengal 9 900 38.58 11.59 4.30 4.30 4.30 7.20 1.80 9.45 3.03
Total 40 4000 180.8
3 85.42 15.00 15.00 15.00 36.00 9.00 25.44 7.29
Area expansion of Summer Oilseed crops
•Groundnut : - Rice fallow land and on Residual moisture in flood plains in Assam, West Bengal, Odisha, Chattisgarh.
- Timely supply of seed and developing shallow tube wells/lift irrigation will facilitate considerable expansion of area.
•Sunflower : - Cultivation of sunflower after potato, mustard, sugarcane, pea, cotton, vegetables as Zaid crop in Northern India.
- As a crop in areas affected by alkalinity/salinity.
- In situations where water is available for shorter period in Summer season, as intercrop in peninsular and Central India.
• Sesame : -In Central, Peninsular and Eastern India, Sesame as a summer crop in situations where only limited water is available for 3-4 irrigations and shorter duration.
- As a summer crop (assured irrigated condition) in eastern states after potato and rice.
- Shifting of Boro cultivation to Sesame cultivation
STRATEGIES TO INCREASE OILSEED PRODUCTION
•Productivity improvement through better adoption of improved technology
1. Popularizing newly released high yielding cultivars and distribution of seed minikits of oilseeds.
2. Ensuring quality seed supply at right time.
3. Improving varietal replacement rate.
4. Efficient/Standard crop management practices like
i) Adoption of proper crops rotation and crop sequences.
ii) Timely planting with right method of sowing
iii) Polythene mulch technology in North eastern states
iv) Adequate/optimum plant stand through adjustment in seed rate and thinning v) timely weed management
vi) Protective irrigations to insure against weather aberrations.
vii) Adoption of moisture conservation technology viii) Integrated nutrient & Pest management
5. Technology access in non-traditional areas : Odisha, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh in the Eastern grid and in Indo-Gangetic Region of Punjab, Haryana, Western UP & Bihar.
