View of ANALYTICAL STUDY FOR STATIC COMPENSATOR FOR REACTIVE POWER ENHANCEMENT

(1)

ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING

Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal IMPACT FACTOR: 2.104 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) UGC APPROVED NO. 48767, (ISSN NO. 2456-1037)

Vol. 03, Issue 05,May 2018 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE

1

ANALYTICAL STUDY FOR STATIC COMPENSATOR FOR REACTIVE POWER ENHANCEMENT

Shahab Uddin Baqar

Assistant Professor, Bakhtiyarpur College of Engineering, Bakhtiyarpur

Abstract- Force quality characterizes the wellness of electric capacity to shopper gadgets for example Synchronization of the voltage recurrence and stage permit electrical framework to work with no huge misfortune in execution. In conveyance framework the circulation organizations and delicate mechanical burdens are experiencing diverse kind of blackout and interference which can prompt misfortune underway and other quantifiable and non quantifiable factor. The variables that are influencing power quality are voltage list, voltage variety, interference, enlarges, brownout, bends, Harmonic, commotion, voltage spikes, voltage flash and so on This causes a few deviations in the force when contrasted and the ordinary principles. The above issues might defeat by utilizing pay gadgets (custom force gadgets) either repay load for example right its force factor, unbalance and so forth or work on the nature of the stock voltage. These gadgets incorporate static compensator (STATCOM), Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), and brought together force quality compensator (UPQC) to get Better execution which is mimicked by utilizing mat lab.

1. INTRODUCTION

Presently days because of expanded force quality issues by utilizing of switch off/on presentation loads, nonlinear burden and enlistment engine and so forth in homegrown and enterprises, power- quality (PQ) issues, like sounds, glimmer, and irregularity have become genuine concerns. What's more, lightning strikes on transmission lines, exchanging of capacitor banks, and different organization Faults can likewise cause PQ issues, like drifters, voltage list/swell, and interference. Then again, an expansion of touchy burdens including advanced gadgets and complex cycle regulators requires an unadulterated sinusoidal inventory voltage for legitimate burden activity. To meet force quality to as far as possible need a type of pay. In couple of years back to moderate the force quality issues in circulation framework by utilizing aloof channels like capacitor banks. Presently these examination going extremely quick to relieve the force quality issues with assistance of force molding gadgets. The force molding gadgets are dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), static compensator (STATCOM), and brought together force quality conditioner (UPQC)(custom power devices). A static coordinated compensator (STATCOM), otherwise called a "static simultaneous condenser" ("STATCOM", is a managing gadget utilized on rotating flow power transmission organizations. It depends on a force gadgets voltage-source converter and can go about as either a source or

sink of receptive AC capacity to a power organization. Whenever associated with a wellspring of force it can likewise give dynamic AC power. It is an individual from the FACTS group of gadgets. It is intrinsically secluded and electable.

The proposed HCC technique enjoys many benefits such a being powerful, having extremely quick reaction time and being autonomous of non straight loads. Normally a STATCOM is introduced to help power networks that have a helpless force factor and regularly helpless voltage guideline. There are notwithstanding, different utilizations, the most well-known use is for voltage steadiness. A STATCOM is a voltage source converter (VSC)- based gadget, with the voltage source behind a reactor.

The voltage source is made from a DC capacitor and subsequently a STATCOM has almost no dynamic force ability.

Notwithstanding, its dynamic force ability can be expanded if an appropriate energy stockpiling gadget is associated across the DC capacitor. The point of this venture is the STATCOM-based control plot for power quality improvement in network associated wind producing system and with non straight burden. The force quality issues and its results on the purchaser and electric utility.

2. SOURCES AND EFFECTS OF POWER QUALITY PROBLEMS

The bending in the nature of supply force can be presented/improved at different

(2)

2 stages; be that as it may; a portion of the essential wellsprings of contortion can be recognized as underneath:

A. Power Electronic D evices B. IT and Office Equipments C. Arcing Devices

D. Load Switching E. Large Motor Starting F. Embedded Generation

G. Electromagnetic Radiations and Cables

H. Storm and Environment Related Causes and so forth

A portion of the normal force quality issues and their unmistakable effect are Harmonics: Excessive losses and heating in motors, capacitors and transformers connected to the system.

Flicker: Visual irritation, introduction of many harmonic components in the supply power and their associated equipment.

Transients: Tripping, components failures, flashover of instrument insulation hardware booting, software glitches, poor product quality etc.

Voltage sags: Devices/process down time, effect on product quality, failure/malfunction of customer equipments and associated scrap cost, clean up costs, maintenance and repair costs etc.

2.1 Control Objectives of STATCOM The shunt associated converter has the accompanying control targets

• Voltage backing and control.

• Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Mitigation.

• Unsymmetrical load adjusting.

• Power factor amendment.

• Active music retraction.

• Improve transient steadiness of the force framework.

3. USE OF CUSTOM POWER DEVICES TO IMPROVE POWER QUALITY:

To beat the issue referenced above regular gadgets, for example,

• Line-voltage controllers: Tap transformers, buck-help controller, CVT (Constant voltage transformer).

• M-G Sets (Motor-generator Sets).

• Magnetic Synthesizers.

• SVC (Static VAR Compensators).

• UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies).

• Static Transfer Switch.

• Fuel Cell Based Inverter System.

Can be utilized in any case, present day modem supplies are exceptionally delicate to voltage droops and they need the relieving gadget to be extremely quick in acting, which can't conceivable by the above traditional gadgets. So to conquer the above impediments, another classification of gadgets called custom force gadgets is created. Custom force gadgets are the new age of force hardware based gear pointed toward improving the dependability and quality force streams in low voltage circulation organizations.

In this paper, conveyance static compensator (STATCOM)is Presented the proposed geography can be utilized for pay of current receptive force remuneration, power factor amendment and symphonious decrease in the two feeders by sharing force pay abilities between two nearby feeders which are not associated.

4. VOLTAGE SOURCE CONVERTERS (VSC): A

Voltage-source converter is a force electronic gadget, which can produce a sinusoidal voltage with any necessary greatness, recurrence and stage point.

Voltage source converters are generally utilized in movable speed drives, however can likewise be utilized to moderate voltage plunges. The VSC is utilized to either totally supplant the voltage or to infuse the 'missing voltage'. The 'missing voltage' is the distinction between the ostensible voltage and the genuine.

The converter is typically founded on some sort of energy stockpiling, which will supply the converter with a DC voltage. The strong state hardware in the converter is then changed to get the ideal yield voltage. Ordinarily the VSC isn't just utilized for voltage plunge alleviation, yet additionally for other force quality issues, for example glint and sounds.

The voltage source rectifier works by keeping the dc connect voltage at ideal reference esteem, utilizing an input control circle as displayed in Fig 1. To achieve this errand, the dc connect voltage is estimated and contrasted and a reference VREF. The blunder signal produced from this correlation is utilized

(3)

3 to switch the six valves of the rectifier ON and OFF. Thusly, force can come or get back to the air conditioner source as indicated by dc connect voltage necessities. Voltage VD is estimated at capacitor Cp. At the point when the current ID is positive (rectifier activity), the capacitor CD is released, and the mistake signal ask the Control Block for additional force from the air conditioner supply. The Control Block takes the force from the stock by producing the fitting PWM signals for the six valves. Along these lines, more current streams from the air conditioner to the dc side, and the capacitor voltage is recuperated.

Conversely, when ID becomes negative (inverter activity), the capacitor CD is cheated, and the blunder signal requests that the control release the capacitor and return capacity to the air conditioner mains. The PWM control not exclusively can deal with the dynamic force, yet additionally receptive force, permitting this kind of rectifier to address power factor. Likewise, the air conditioner current waveforms can be kept up with as practically sinusoidal, which decreases consonant tainting to the mains supply.

Heartbeat width adjustment comprises of turning the valves ON and OFF, following a pre-set up format.

Fig. 1 schematic structure of a VSC with closed loop

5. CONCLUSION

This paper presents the network associated wind energy framework for power quality improvement by utilizing SATCOM. The force quality issues, its results and their moderation strategies are introduced here. In this proposed plan to wipe out the consonant substance of the heap current the STATCOM-BESS control framework is utilized. So that

power quality is kept up with at the reason behind normal coupling. What's more, hysteresis current control plot in the STATCOM is utilized for the quick powerful reaction. It likewise keeps up with voltage and current in stage. That implies solidarity power factor is kept up with at the source end.

This venture presents the STATCOM-based control plot for responsive force remuneration and symphonious decrease in framework associated wind producing framework taking care of non direct burden. The control framework for the STATCOM is mimicked utilizing MATLAB/SIMULINK.

The Simulation results shows the matrix voltage and current are in-stage, making the force factor solidarity, which suggests that the responsive force interest of Induction generator and burden is no more, took care of by the lattice rather it is provided by the STATCOM. Additionally the state of the framework current is practically sinusoidal and the % THD has been improved from 1l.08 % to 5.78 % after pay. The proposed control plot has further developed the force quality prerequisite of a low voltage lattice associated wind driven IG framework taking care of a non-direct burden.

This proposed model is executed by utilizing MATLAB SIMULINK programming and the acquired resultant waveforms are assessed and framework strength compelling ness and force framework execution have been set up.

REFERENCES

1. M L. Crow, "Power quality enhancement using custom power devices, "IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, vol. 2, pp. 50, April 2004.

2. Han. A, Huang. Q, Baran. M, Bhattacharya. S and Litzenberger. W,

“STATCOM impact study on the integration of a large wind farm.

3. Mohapatra M. and Babu B. C. 2010. Fixed and sinusoidal-band hysteresis current controller for PWM voltage source inverter with LC filter. Proceedings of 2010 IEEE Students'

4. Heier. S, Grid Integration of Wind Energy Conversions. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, pp. 256–

259, 2007.

5. Stones and A. Collinson, "Power quality,

"Power Eng. Journal, v ol.15, pp.58 64, April 2001.

6. A. ElMofty, K. Youssef, "Industrial power quality problems, "in Proc. on IEE Int. Conf Exhib. On 1, vol. 2, June 2001.

7. N. G. Hingorani, "Introducing custom power,” vol. 32, pp.4-48, June1995, 23.

(4)

4

8. Mohod. S. W and Aware. M. V, “Power quality issues & its mitigation technique in wind energy conversion,” in Proc. Of IEEE

Int. Conf. Quality Power & Harmonic, Wollongong.