View of ENGAGEMENT OF DIGITIZATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES

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ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING

Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal IMPACT FACTOR: 2.104 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) UGC APPROVED NO. 48767, ISSN No. 2456-1037

Vol.02, Issue 03, March 2017, Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE

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ENGAGEMENT OF DIGITIZATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES Dr. Raj Kumar Singh

Assistant Professor – Library Science, L. S. Govt. P G College, Adalhat, Mirzapur (U. P.) Abstract - Of the approximately 7,000 languages spoken today, some 2,500 are generally considered endangered. Here I present the engagement and its importance of digitization of foreign languages. Foreign language digitization is broad, dynamic, and complex.

Encompassing the critical examination of all languages traditions, cultures, and differences, I engage with a wide range of research methods and tools that often cross traditional disciplinary boundaries. The ultimate goal is to understand foreign societies, as well as helping us reflect on our own role as a member of a society that is foreign to others. Foreign language digitization tends to focus on a specific geographical area, time period, issue, or genre related to the traditions and cultures of the region. While this has traditionally been centered on the literary canon, it also includes travel narratives, film, journalism, human rights, or linguistics, among other areas. I may also take a broad approach that looks at regional commonalities or the interaction between neighboring national traditions, for example French and Spanish cultures. In this way, the field looks at a wide range of cultural manifestations, as well as theoretical and historical work, to examine the complex factors that affect relationships between culture, language, and society.

Keywords: I.T., Multimedia, Foreign Language, Digitization.

1 INTRODUCTION

Integration of digital technologies into everyday life by the digitization of everything that can be digitized – this is called Digitalization. Digitization is conversion of analog items into digital format for the purpose of extending access and, where appropriate, to assist with preservation.

Organizations that provide the resources, including the specialized staff, to select, structure, offer intellectual access to, interpret, distribute, preserve the integrity of, and ensure the persistence over time of collections of digital works so that they are readily available for use by a defined community or set of communities

Digitalization can be understood better by breaking it down into three simpler components.

Computerization – The process of taking activities or tasks not previously done on the computer and shifting them to being done on the computer.

Electronization – The process of taking an item or process from paper-based form and electronically producing it.

Digitization – Conversion of analogue information into any form (text, photographs or voice etc.) to digital form with suitable electronic devices so that

the information can be processed, stored and transmitted through digital circuits, equipment and networks.

2 WHY TO ADOPT DIGITIZATION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES NOW

„The conversion of all sorts of cultural content into bits and bytes, opens up, a completely new dimension of reaching traditional and new audiences by providing access to cultural heritage resources in numerous ways, an unimaginable experience in previous decades.‟

It is very important to understand why people digitize the data. Many a times existing digitized data is also reorganized in other formats to be able to be more devices friendly. Storage – Organizations like to store data these days in the digital format so that space, cost of storage, aging and acts of man or God do not damage the data. Future reference – Many people retain their accounting data and most organizations also retain their client data for future reference.

Promotion – It becomes easier to promote books, magazines, newsletters to digital medium. It is also easier to advertise in audio visual format for which digitization is necessary. Convenience – To save cost of paper and to carry the data digitally is easier like presentations.

Security – In order to prevent data from

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2 being lost from war or act of God. Data can now be digitized for security and normally kept on cloud (server). Enforced Law – It is now mandatory in many countries to provide digitized data under the right to information Act. Service – Online search of past records make digitization necessary.

“Language Digitization” is not a standard term. I use it to mean language documentation and description, where the results are intended for machine consumption instead of human consumption. Essentially, instead of producing printed documents for human reading, one produces a large database that is suitable for automated processing.

The motivation is not merely the development of language technology. For software development, it is clear enough why one would want data that supports automated processing. But the aims of language digitization are primarily scientific: they represent the way a computational linguist would approach the question of universal grammar. It turns out that there are interesting convergent trends in language documentation and computational linguistics, though also significant differences. Language documentation is familiar to most linguists, but a review will be useful here. Then we will turn to computational linguistics.

Digitizing is converting any data into a digital format. The digital format can be a compact disc, internet or any format which is compatible with handheld electronic devices, with or without a print counterpart. Digitizing is proving to be quite useful to organizations as it helps them to store data in the digital format which saves on the space, cost of storage, aging and acts of man or God and is secured. Digitizing has made retaining the data for future reference possible and is much more convenient than paper.

Digitizing services in all formats which includes, E- publishing which is the publication of books, periodicals, bibliographic databases, and other information resources in digital format.

Then Audio Books which records book orally helping people to listen to a story rather than reading it. There are also Multilingual E- books or Multilingual Translation.

1. A seamless customer experience is a must for the modern day consumer. Be it a mobile phone, a laptop, a bank loan or anything else, the customer today needs everything to be pre-activated, fully functional and automated with all information, FAQs and customer support available in the localized language without any hassles. Going digital gives one‟s business that power – one click instant delivery of products and services ordered digitally/online, full access to a customer‟s likes and dislikes along with their preferences as well as performance tracking of individual products becomes much more simplified.

2. Digitization is the most cost- effective way to enter new markets.

Consider as an example a shoe store that maintains a digital inventory of sorts of all models/sizes available to increase operational efficiency. Or automated customer service support in a regional language that has two way benefits, both for the customers in enhancing customer relationships as well as for the company in doing away with the costs incurred by not requiring extra employees for the job.

3. Digitization of content paves the way for a more enhanced access and connectivity to a much wider community base than before.

Smartphones are getting cheaper and so are 3G and 4G services. But as a result of poor connectivity and lack of local language content in the remote areas of the country, vast reserves of potential markets remain largely untapped in these areas. Providing good quality, easily accessible digital content in the local dialects of the people in these areas is bound to enhance connectivity.

3 FEW ADVANTAGES OF DIGITIZATION

• Access anywhere

• Reducing delays

• Distributed storage – central access

• Better cataloguing

• Cross references to other documents

• Full text search

• Protected information source

• Wide exploration and exploitation of the information

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3 The information explosion, the wide bandwidth data networks and the potential of Internet-based technologies - such as the Web - make digital libraries one of the important application areas of computer science.

4 CONCLUSION

Digitization is redefining the role of libraries in society & the role of librarians

& information specialists‟ International level mechanism is essential to promote and coordinate open access and public domain digital library systems Improve awareness of open access Regular training – tools, processes, standards.

Support setting up of working models, services International Resource Centre for open access publishing International agencies like UNESCO, ICSU, ICSTI, CODATA need to actively promote and support developing country initiatives.

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