View of PERFOMANCE EVALUTION OF EARTH MOVING CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

(1)

ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Available Online:www.ajeee.co.in Vol.02, Issue 08, August 2017, ISSN -2456-1037 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) UGC APPROVED NO. 48767

1

PERFOMANCE EVALUTION OF EARTH MOVING CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

1DR. ASHISH KUMAR KHARE

1Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Swami Vivekanand University, Sagar, M.P.

Abstract:-The delays in the constructions are due to the inefficient and ineffective maintenance procedures of the heavy earth moving equipment’s. Poor record keeping and un-systemized maintenance procedures leads to reducing the machine effective life cycle. To avoid such losses in production and, market share, a maintenance model for such equipment is developed. Heavy equipment availability is mandatory on site. In construction operations on a large scale require the standard Equipments for Effective operations especially in the area of infrastructural development. An earth-moving machine describes a big set of industrial machines used in Road highway construction, mining, forestry, agriculture, cleaning and many other industries. An earth-moving machine has two parts:

one is the vehicle (i.e. the main body) and other being the self operating mechanism which is mounted on the vehicle. In order to maximize the production system the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is measured. The availability and performance rate of the machine and quality rate of the products are considered as parameters for the same. The findings of this study will guide the decision makers to appraise the selection process of construction equipment on which gives Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE).

Key words and phrases: Heavy Equipments, Earth moving machine, OEE 1. INTRODUCTION

Many kinds of earth-moving machines are available with different combinations of the vehicle and the self operating mechanism. The knowledge about principles of operation, management of construction equipment and most efficient field of operation is must in construction industry. All construction projects require different types of equipment and machineries having their own level of application. “Construction equipment”

(CE) or “Heavy equipment” refers to heavy-duty self-propelled vehicles, specially designed for executing construction tasks. Construction equipment is of great importance to Engineer in the modern construction industry. Industrial and heavy construction projects required intense and high utilization of machinery for carrying out mass excavation, stabilizing, compacting, asphalt paving and finishing, pipelines, railroads and many other special activities. It is found that in a building project, the equipment cost may vary from 5% to 10% of the direct cost.

In Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) performance and characteristic of the product are of key relevance to the company. Key performance indicator (KPI) is commonly used as OEE measurement in affiliation with lean manufacturing

endeavor to provide an indicator of success. One of the important parameter of OEE is Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). It is a fundamentally a maintenance program that involves a newly defined concept for maintaining plants and equipment. Both the parameters together report the overall application of facilities, time and material for manufacturing operations.

2. LITERATURE OVERVIEW

Construction project scheduling has received a considerable amount of attention over recent years, and many models have been developed. The past research shows that the acquisition of heavy equipment constitutes 36 percent of the total project cost and possesses high risk and uncertainties for the owners [1]. The emerging concept of sustainable or green construction emphasizes the minimization and elimination of harmful impacts to the environment [2]. The past studies have shown that environmental focus in construction was more towards the material selection, structure design, materials recycling rather than greenhouse gas emissions [3].

The primary agenda of equipment selection process is to achieve higher productivity, more operational flexibility and viable economic considerations. It is

(2)

2 due to this reason that this issue has grasped the attention of many researchers and as well as a number of academic studies have been carried out to improve the mechanized construction practices [4].

Availability, Performance, and Quality are the components for measuring the performance of a manufacturing unit. In this each basic point to the condition of the process that can be designed for improvement.

3. OVERALL EQUIPMENT

EFFECTIVENESS (OEE)

In a need to boost equipment performance, operating measures, and maintenance processes manufacturers uses OEE. Thus Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is a performance- measurement tool to perfect the manufacturing processes into our daily practices. OEE component must meet individual performance like availability at 90%, performance at 95% and quality at 99% at different levels .This is the origin of the Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) concept. Six categories of productivity losses in manufacturing are:

1. Breakdowns

2. Setup and Adjustments 3. Small Stops

4. Reduced Speed 5. Start-up Rejects 6. Production Rejects.

TPM objective is to achieve zero defects and breakdowns related to equipment. By doing this it could lead to improvements in the reduction in costs, reduction in inventory, production rate and eventually increases in labor productivity. In order to spot patterns and influences of equipment problems tracking OEE is done which can aid manufacturers to allow them to see the results of their advancement efforts.

Factors of OEE are mentioned below.

(i) Performance efficiency (actual vs.

design capacity)

(ii) Uptime or Availability (downtime:

planned and unplanned, tool change, tool service, job change etc.)

(iii) Rate of quality output (Defects and rework)

4. METHODOLOGY

4.1 OEE in construction industry Construction equipment are important particularly for construction of runways, power plants, roads (paved and unpaved),

dams, irrigation schemes, water and wastewater works, etc. comprises a lot of earth moving a lot of earth moving works, which are equipment intensive operations. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) has an important parameter i.e.

OEE which is fundamentally a maintenance program that comprise a newly defined concept for managing plants and equipment.

4.2 OEE Benchmark

A good OEE score can be classified as:

1) An OEE score of 100% is ideal production, manufacturing only good product, in short-lived time, with no down time.

2) An OEE score of 85% is considered world class for discrete manufacturers.

3) An OEE score of 60% is fairly common for discrete manufacturers, but express that there is substantial room for improvement

4) An OEE score of 40% is not uncommon for new manufacturing companies that are just starting to track and improve their performance.

4.3 TPM (Total Productive Maintenance)

TPM can be summarized as the backbone of any sound production process occurring in a machine assemblage.

5S of TPM

Sort: Helps to clearly distinguish the items needed in a work area from those no longer needed.

Set in Order: Helps to keep the needed items in the right place to allow for easy and immediate improvement.

Shine: Helps to keep work areas, all work surfaces and equipment clean and free from dirt, debris, oil, etc.

Standardize: Defines the standard activities, the persons responsible for keeping the workplace clean and organized, schedules and procedures.

Sustain: Sustains and drives the organization to be disciplined in maintaining these new standards and procedures and in continuously improving the 5S state of the workplace.

4.4 Equipment Selection

Without the proper working equipment, productivity reduces, delays raises, possible injuries occurs and unnecessary costs provoke. Right selection of

(3)

3 equipment contributes to project efficiency and to increased profits.

5. CONCLUSION

The OEE is must for performance evolution of heavy earth moving construction equipments. Thus it depends on 5-S, Jishu Hozen, Kaizen, Office TPM, Planned Maintenance, Quality maintenance and Safety, Health &

Environment. To improve the performance of the construction systems, productivity improvement is essential.

Total productive maintenance (TPM) methodology can boost overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) of equipment. Focused improvement and autonomous maintenance enhances equipment performance and these activities intent to educate the participants in the concepts and philosophy of equipment maintenance and give them an opportunity to develop their knowledge and skills.

REFERENCES

[1] Yeo, K.T., Ning, J.H., 2006. Managing uncertainty in major equipment procurement in engineering projects. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 17 (1), 123–

134.

[2] Nunnally, S.W., 2000. Managing Construction Equipment. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.

[3] Kim, B., Lee, H., Park, H., Kim, H., 2012.

Greenhouse gas emissions from onsite equipment usage in road construction. Constr. Eng. Manage.

138 (8), 982–990.

[4] Shapira, A., Goldenberg, M., 2005. AHP-based equipment selection model for construction projects.

J. Constr. Eng. Manage., 1263–1273.

[5] Overall Equipment Effectiveness in Resist Processing

Equipment Pete Steege FSI International Chaska, MN 55318-1096

[6] International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 36 Number 5- June 2016 “A Review on the experimental study of Overall Equipment Effectiveness of various machines and its improvement strategies through TPM implementation

[7] Hemant Singh Rajput, Pratesh Jayaswal, “A Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) Approach to Improve Overall Equipment Efficiency”, International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), Vol.2, Issue.6, Nov-Dec. 2012 pp-4383-4386.

[8] S.R.Vijayakumar, S.Gajendran, “Improvement of overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) in injection moulding process industry”, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE).

[9] Osama Taisir R.Almeanazel, “Total Productive Maintenance Review and Overall Equipment Effectiveness

Measurement”, Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Volume 4, Number 4, September 2010.

[10] Abdul Talib Bon, Lim Ping Ping, Berhanuddin Mohd Salleh and Asri Selamat, “Evaluating total productive maintenance using overall equipment effectiveness: fundamental study”, Production Management, Elixir Prod. Mgmt. 36 (2011)

3293-3295.

[11] Nakajima S., Introduction to TPM, productivity press, Portland , 1988.

[12] C.J. Bamber, P. Castka, J.M. Sharp, Y. Motara,

"Cross-functional team working for overall equipment effectiveness (OEE)" Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, Volume 9 Number 3, 2003, 223-238.