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واکنش تابعی حشرات کامل نر و ماده کفشدوزک Hippodamia variegata Goeze (Col.: Coccinellidae) . روی شته سیاه باقلا

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ﻌﺑﺎﺗ ﺶﻨﻛاو ﻲ

ﻞﻣﺎﻛ تاﺮﺸﺣ هدﺎﻣ و ﺮﻧ

كزوﺪﺸﻔﻛ

Hippodamia variegata Goeze (Col.: Coccinellidae) .

ور ي ﺳ ﻪﺘﺷ ﻴ ﻼﻗﺎﺑ هﺎ

ور دﺎﻫﺮﻓ ﺎ

1ي ﺴﺣ ، ﻬﻠﻟا ﻦ رﺎ

2ي

، * ﺎﻣزآ ﻪﻧاوﺮﭘ

دﺮﻓ ﺶ ﻤﺳ ،3

ﺴﺤﻟا حﺎﺘﻓ ﻪ ﻴﻨ

4 ﻤﺳ و ﺣ اﺮ رﺪ

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Aphis fabae

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Scopoli.

Aphis fabae

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Eastop, 2007)

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2007)

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2004)

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? CH

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+ & $ '.5 )

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(.

[1,56

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./0!

+ $

$ I6.P

, 6P 89 + U

+$ T

6 89 $ V4 1 ,

T ]./ - % 3

)

Obrycki & Orr, 1990

.(

./0!

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Franzmann, 2002

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.4 + [1,56 $ 0

/ =&

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K- + [1,56 b.6 V

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% !

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Sadeghi, 1991

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c ) + 1 d )

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r

(Koch et

al., 2003; Lee & Kang, 2004)

C

Coccinella

septempunctata L.

C

Hippodamia variegata

C

Rossi

Clitostethus arcuatus

r

Ghahari et al., 2003 (Sinha

et al., 1982)

C

Hippodamia convergens Guérin-

Méneville

r )

Wills & Mcpherson, 1999

( C

Olivier

Cheilomenes sulphurea

r )

Hodek et al., 1984

( C

Fabricius Coleophora inaequalis

r

(Wang & Tsai,

2001)

C

L.

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r

)

Messina & Hanks, 1998

( ,

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Mulsant

r )

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(:

(

V0=

(

Aa24

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ra24

6

Vo

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C

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ﺮ ﻧ

رﺎﻜــﺷ ﻪــﻴﻟوا داﺪــﻌﺗ

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

هﺪــﺷ هدرﻮــﺧ رﺎﻜــﺷ داﺪﻌﺗ

0 20 40 60

هدﺎﻣ

رﺎﻜــﺷ ﻪــﻴﻟوا داﺪــﻌﺗ

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

هﺪــﺷ هدرﻮــﺧ رﺎﻜــﺷ داﺪﻌﺗ

0 20 40 60 80

Hippodamia variegata+,-%.# "# $%& '() *#4 "

A#) "(I BC( 6 9 J9K

Aphis fabae

(6)

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, ! 6 +$ ;,+ K 1 "#$

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26. $ l0Z $, .^ .X )

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$ + .5

.$

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Z$ I6, )

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Honek, 1996; Dixon, 2000)

. I6, Z$

) ?.

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Harmonia axyridis

, !

Glover Aphis gossypii

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+\

+ =1 .

$ ) ,

. $ VF '#

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…y / , %&

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(Lee & Kang, 2004)

.

et al.

Ghahari (2003)

Z$ I6, )

./0! [1,56 K

)

Coccinella septempunctata

C

Hippodamia

variegata

,

Clitostethus arcuatus

(

$ 26.

H

`D YP T&

(Bemisia tabaci Gennadius)

.$ + )

++ .#

. h ) H 1 ?i ./0!

9 $ [1,56 / ;,+ K $ ?6

+ +Z H T

+./ 8Yj ‹

. ?6 '.5

[1,56

C. septempunctata

\ + H,* $

+ ?6

VF '#

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$ )

P . +$

. 8Y9

$ 1 4 %$ o

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14 + / CI

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'# 1

F V .*$

+$ +O.$

.

Wells & McPherson

(1999)

Z$ I6, )

H,*

'.5 , A

[1,56 ?6

Hippodamia convergens

,

!

Blackman Myzus nicotianae

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+ =1 , +.6

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.$

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E y /

#+

, \ yy / .$ ,

?6 '.5 Jy

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|

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$ A ,* + H63

1 .5

+$ ?6 '.5 .

S<H Z$ I6, )

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,* , H

H. axyridis

, 2D H,* , H

Danaus

plexippus L.

)

et al., 2003

(CKoch

[1,56

Coccinella septempunctata

,

Kaltenbach Lipaphis erysimi

)

Sinha et al., 1982

( C

. ?6 '.5

Cheilomenes sulphurea

,

Aphis fabae

)

Hodek et al., 1984

( , ?6 '.5 ,

H,*

;A

Coleophora inaequalis

,

Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy

r

(Wang & Tsai,

2001)

+ K 1

% ! ]-/ ;, .

.$

$ .6 Z

q ! T

Aphis fabae

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REFERENCES

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4. De Clercq, P., Mohaghegh, J. & Tirry, L. (2000). Effect of host plant on the functional response of the predator Podisus maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Biological Control, 18, 65-70.

5. Dixon, A. F. G. (2000). Insect predator–prey dynamics: ladybird beetles and biological control., Cambridge University Press, New York.

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8. Franzmann, B. A. (2002). Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a predacious ladybird new in Australia. Australian Journal of Entomology, 41, 375-377.

9. Ghahari, H., Shojaii, M. & Bayat Asadi, H. (2003). Functional response of tree species of predatory ladybirds (Col.: Coccinellidae) to population densities of Bemisia tabaci (Hom: Aleyrodidae). Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 71, 79-95. (In Farsi).

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Hall: New York.

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16. Koch, R. L., Hutchison, W. D., Venette, R. C. & Heimpel, G. E. (2003). Susceptibility of immature monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Lepidoptera: Danainae) to predation by Harmonia axyridis (Col:

Coccinellidae). Biological Control, 28, 265-270.

17. Lee, J. H. & Kang, T. J. (2004). Functional response of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) in the laboratory. Biological Control, 31, 306-310.

18. Messina, F. J. & Hanks, J. B. (1998). Host plant alters the shape of the functional response of an aphid predator (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Environmental Entomology, 27, 1196-1202.

19. Mohaghegh, J. D., Clercq, P. & Tirry, L. (2001). Functional response of the predator Podisus maculiventris (Say) and Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomoidae) to the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): effect of temperature. Journal of Applied Entomology, 125, 131-134.

20. Obrycki, J. J. & Orr, C. J. (1990). Suitability of three prey species for Nearctic populations of Coccinella septempunctata, Hippodamia variegata and Propylea quatrodecimpunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).

Journal of Economic Entomology, 83, 1292-1297.

21. Sadeghi, A. (1991). An investigation on the coccinellids fauna of alfalfa fields and determination of species at Karaj. M.Sc. dissertation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Iran. (in Farsi)

22. Silva, P. G., Hagen, K. S. & Gutierrez, A. P. (1992). Functional response of Curinus coeruleus (Col:

Coccinellidae) to Heteropsylla cubana (Hom: Psyllidae) on artificial and natural substrates.

Entomophaga, 37, 556-564.

23. Sinha, T. B., Pandey, R. K., Singh, R., Tripathi, C. P. M. & Kumar, A. (1982). The functional response of Coccinella septempunctata Linn., a coccinellid predator of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.

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24. Wang, J. J. & Tsai, J. H. (2001). Development and functional response of Coleophora inaequalis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on brown citrus aphid, Toxoptera citricida (Homoptera: Aphididae).

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25. Wells, M. L. & McPherson, R. M. (1999). Population of three coccinellids in flue-cured tobacco and functional response of Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on tobacco aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environmental Entomology, 28, 768-773.

Referensi

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