ﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﺑﺎﻳزرا ﺖﺷد ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻜﺸﺧ يﺎﻫ
ﻤﻏﺎﺑ هﺮﻬﺑ يﻮﮕﻟا رد ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻚﻠ رادﺮﺑ
ي
يراز ﻪﻟﻻ ﺎﺿر
1
-*
ﺐﺴﻧ ﺪﻨﻣوﺮﺑ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ -2
ﺪﺿﺎﻌﻣ يدﺎﻫ -3
ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﻲﻠﻋ
4
ﺖﻓﺎﻳرد ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
25 / 10 / 1392
شﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
29 / 07 / 1393
هﺪﻴﻜﭼ
گرﺰﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﻲﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ بآ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﻟﺎﺴﻜﺸﺧ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ رد ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ دﻮﺒﻤﻛ و ددﺮﮔ ﻲـﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ زا ﺖـﺷادﺮﺑ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ . ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ياﺮﺑ دوﺪﺤﻣ ﻞﺿﺎﻔﺗ يدﺪﻋ شور بﻮﭼرﺎﭼ رد ﻚﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﻲﻣﻮﻬﻔﻣ لﺪﻣ ،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ رد هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ رﺎﺘﻓر يزﺎﺳ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ . هداد ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا ﺢﻄﺳ يﺎﻫ 8
لﻮﻃ رد ﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ 10
زا لﺎﺳ 1381 ﺎﺗ 1391 ﻊﻤﺟ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﺪﺷ يروآ
. لﺎﺳ درﻮـﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
40 ﺶﻨـﺗ هرود
هرود ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ و هﮋﻳو ﻲﻫﺪﺑآ ،ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ و ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﺪﺷ ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو ﺎﻫ
. ﺖﺤﺻ ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ مﻮﻗر ﻲﺠﻨﺳ هزاﺪﻧا ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يزﺎﺳ
لﺎﺳ ياﺮﺑ يﺮﻴﮔ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو زا ﺪﻌﺑ .
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ يزﺎﺳ
ﺎﺤﻣ و ﻲﺗاﺪﻫﺎـﺸﻣ ﻲﺑﺎﺘـﺴﻳا ﺢﻄﺳ فﻼﺘﺧا ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﺪﻫد و ﻲﺠﻨـﺳاو يﺎﻫﺪـﻨﻳاﺮﻓ رد ﻲﺗﺎﺒـﺳ
ﺖﺤﺻ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺠﻨﺳ 1
/ 3 و 84 / 3 ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ .
ﻪﻨﻬﭘ ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻲﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ هﺪﺷ
ﻞﻴـﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ و لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﻲﻗﺮﺷ لﺎﻤﺷ ﺪﻫد
ﺶﺨﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رد يﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ دراد ﻲﺑﻮﻨﺟ يﺎﻫ
. ﺰﻓا زا ﺶﻴﺑ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ لﺪﻣ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺖﺳا نآ ﺶﻳا
. 50 رد ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺪﺻرد
زا ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ 1
/ 3 ﻪﺑ 44 ﻲﻣ ددﺮﮔ . ﻢﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪـﻫ ،ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ناﻮﺨﺑآ لﺪﻣ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ
دراد يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ هﮋﻳو ﻲﻫﺪﺑآ و ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ .
هژاو يﺎﻫ يﺪﻴﻠﻛ : ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ،دوﺪﺤﻣ ﻞﺿﺎﻔﺗ ﺳ
ﻴﻫ ﺐﻳاﺮﺿ ،يزﺎ ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو ،ﻚﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳدروﺪ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ 1
زروﺎــﺸﻛ ي دوﺪــﺣ ﺖــﺷادﺮﺑ ﻢﻬــﺳ ﺎــﺑ 90
بآ ﻊﺑﺎــﻨﻣ زا ﺪــﺻرد
ﺪﺠﺗ ﺮﻳﺬﭘﺪﻳ گرﺰـﺑ رﻮﺸﻛ ﺮـﺗ
ﻦﻳ فﺮـﺼﻣ ا رد بآ هﺪـﻨﻨﻛ ناﺮـﻳ
ﻪـﺑ رﺎﻤـﺷ
ﻣ ﻲ دور . ا زا ﻦﻳ ﻐﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﮔﺮﻫ ور ﺮﻴﻴ
هﺮﻬﺑ رد رادﺮﺑ ي ﺿارا رد بآ زا ﻲ
ـﻋارز ﻲ
ﻌﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻦﻴﻴ هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺪﻣ رد ﺖﻳﺮﻳ ﺎﭘ راﺪﻳ ﻤﻛ ﻲ ﻛ و ﻲﻔﻴ ﻄـﺳ بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺤ
ﻲ و
ز ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 10 ( زا نآ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ و ﺎﻫرﺎﻜﻫار
ي ﻠـﺻا ﻲ ﺖـﻬﺟ رد
ﻬﺑ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﻨﻴ ﺎﺧذ ﻆﻔﺣ و ﺮﻳ
ﺷ بآ ﻦﻳﺮﻴ ﻲﻣ ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ ) 4 .(
اﺮﺑﺎـﻨﺑ ﻦﻳ لﺮـﺘﻨﻛ
بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻧ و ﻚﺸﺧ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ رد ﻪﻤﻴ
ﻚﺸﺧ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻳ ﻮﺤﻧ ﻪﺑ ي ﻐﺗ ﺮـﻴﻴ ﺪـﺑﺎﻳ ﺎـﺗ
1 و زاﻮﻫا ناﺮﻤﭼ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يﺮﺘﻛد يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد- ﺪـﺣاو ،ﻲﻣﻼـﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕـﺸﻧاد
ﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ هﺎﮕﺷﺎﺑ ،زاﻮﻫا ناﺮﻳا ،زاﻮﻫا ،نﺎﮕﺒﺨﻧ و ناﻮﺟ ناﺮ
*) - لﻮﺌﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :
Email: [email protected] (
2 -
ـﻠﻋ ﻲـﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هﺪﻜـﺸﻧاد ،ﻲـﺸﻜﻫز و يرﺎﻴﺑآ هوﺮﮔ دﺎﺘﺳا ﺪﻴﻬـﺷ هﺎﮕـﺸﻧاد ،بآ مﻮ
زاﻮﻫا ناﺮﻤﭼ
3 - ناﺮـﻤﭼ ﺪﻴﻬـﺷ هﺎﮕـﺸﻧاد ،بآ مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﺖﺴﻳز ﻂﻴﺤﻣ هوﺮﮔ دﺎﺘﺳا
زاﻮﻫا
4 - رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد هوﺮﮔ
،ناﺮﻤﻋ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد
،ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ناﺮﻤﭼ زاﻮﻫا
ﻣﺄﺗ ﻦﻤﺿ ﻦﻴ ﺎﻫزﺎﻴﻧ ﺎﺧذ ، ﺮﻳ ز بآ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳ اﺮﺑ ار ي ﺪﭘ ﺎـﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ هﺪـﻳ
ﻢـﻛ
ﺑآ ﻲ ﻧ ﻆﻔﺣ ﺎﻤ ﺪﻳ . ﻦﻳا ﺮﺟ رد فاﺪﻫا نﺎﻳ
ﺒﺷ ﻪﻴ يزﺎﺳ ﻫ ﻪﺧﺮﭼ يژﻮﻟورﺪـﻴ و
ﻫ يژﻮﻟﻮﺋژورﺪﻴ ﻬﺑ و
ﻪﻨﻴ يزﺎﺳ ﺳ ﻢﺘﺴﻴ بآ و ﺐﺟﻮﻣ و هﺪﺷ هدروآﺮﺑ كﺎﺧ
ﺪﭘ ﺪﻳ ﺼﺨﺗ مﻮﻬﻔﻣ نﺪﻣآ ﺺﻴ
ﻬﺑ ﻪـﻨﻴ و ﻪـﺑ بآ هﮋـﻳ اﺮـﺷ رد ﻂﻳ ﻜـﺸﺧ ﻲ
ﻣ ﻲ ددﺮﮔ ) 2 و 5 .(
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و زﻮﻣارﺎﻛ )
6 ( ﻔﻠﺗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا لﺪﻣ ﻲﻘﻴ
ﺤﻄﺳ بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ زا ﻲ
و
ز ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳ ار ﺑ ﺮ يا ﻧدرﻮﻣ بآ ندﺮﻛ ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ زﺎﻴ
زروﺎﺸﻛ
،ي ﺰﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻪـﻨﻳ
ﻧ لﺮﺘﻨﻛ و ژﺎﭙﻤﭘ تﺎﻧﺎﺳﻮ
ا ﺢﻄﺳ ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳ رد ﺶﺨﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻳ ناﺮـﻬﺗ بﻮﻨﺟ زا
مﺎﺠﻧا ﺪﻧداد . هﺎﭼ زا ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ تاﺮﺛا نﺎﻳﺮﺟ لﺪﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ رد ﻲﺑﺬـﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ فاﺪــﻫا ﻦﻴﻣﺄــﺗ ياﺮــﺑ ار ﻲــﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﺢﻄــﺳ زاﺮــﺗ تاﺮــﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﻲﻣ يزﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﻛ . يدازﺮﻴﺷ ﺻ و ﺣﻮﺒ ﻲ ) 18 ( بآ زا ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يﺎﻫ
رد ار ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ هﺮﻔﺳ زا ژﺎﭙﻤﭘ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ و ﻲﺤﻄﺳ غﻼﺒﺟوﺎـﺳ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ
اﺮﺷ ﻪﺳ رد ﻂﻳ
اﻮﻫ و بآ ﻲﻳ بﻮـﻃﺮﻣ و لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ،ﻚﺸﺧ
ﺪـﻧدﺮﻛ ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ .
ﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺪﺻرد ناﺰﻴ
ﻬﺑ ژﺎـﭙﻤﭘ ﻪـﻨﻴ لﺎـﺳ رد دﻮـﺟﻮﻣ ژﺎـﭙﻤﭘ ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺒـﺴﻧ
ﻟد ﻪﺑ بﻮﻃﺮﻣ ﻞﻴ
ﺤﻄﺳ بآ ﻲ ﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴ ار 6 / 6
هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا و ﺪـﺷ شراﺰـﮔ زا
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻧاد ژﺎﭙﻤﭘ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ يﺎﻫرﺎﻜﻫار زا ﻲﻜﻳ ار ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻲﺑآ زﺎﻴﻧ ﺎﺑ نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ .
ﺮﺒﻃ رﻮﭘﺎﺿرﺪﻤﺤﻣ ي
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و )
13 ( هﺮﻬﺑ ﻞﻤﻌﻟارﻮﺘﺳد رادﺮـﺑ
ي زا
ﺪﻠﺟ 29
، هرﺎﻤﺷ 3 ، دادﺮﻣ رﻮﻳﺮﻬﺷ– 1394
، ص . 550 - Vol. 29, No. 3, Jul.-Agu. 2015, p. 539-550 539
ﺤﻄﺳ بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻲ
ز و ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳ ﻪﺑ ار ناﺮﻬﺗ اﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﻣ و ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ ترﻮﺻ
ي
هﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻖﻓا ﻪﺳ ﻣ ،تﺪﻣ
نﺎﻴ تﺪـﻣ
وﺪـﺗ تﺪـﻣﺪﻨﻠﺑ و ﻦﻳ
ﺖﺤـﺻ و ﺠﻨـﺳ ﻲ
ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ . ﺎﺘﻧ ﺞﻳ ﻧ نﺎﺸ ﻨﻫد هﺪ ارﺎﻛ ﻲﻳ ﻻﺎﺑ ي ﻮـﮕﻟا ي ﭘ هﺪـﺷدﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴ ﺖـﻬﺟرد
ﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻞﻴ
يﺎﻫ ﺑآ ﻲ ﮔﻮـﻠﺟ و ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ يﺮﻴ
ـﺑ تﺎـﻔﻠﺗ زا ﻲ
ﻪـﻳور رد بآ
ﺘﻧ ﻪﺠﻴ ـﺿارا رد بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲ
زروﺎـﺸﻛ ي اﺰـﻓا و ﺶﻳ ﺎﭘ يراﺪـﻳ رد
ﺳ ﻢﺘﺴﻴ ز بآ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳ دﻮﺑ .
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ يﺎﻫراﺰﺑا هزوﺮﻣا ﻪـﻨﻴﻬﺑ و يزﺎﺳ
ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ رد ﻲـﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ يزﺎـﺳ
فﺮــﺼﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪــﻣ
ﻲــﻣ هدﺮــﺑ رﺎــﻜﺑ ﻲــﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ لﺮــﺘﻨﻛ و دﻮــﺷ
.
ﺮﺒﻃ رﻮﭘﺎﺿرﺪﻤﺤﻣ ي
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و )
12 ( ﺎﻫﻮﮕﻟا زا ي ﻪـﻓﺪﻫﺪﻨﭼ
NSGA-
وII
ﻲـﻣﺮﻬﺟ ﻲﺗﺎـﺠﻧ ،جﺮـﻛ ﺖﺷد ياﺮﺑSGA
) 14 ( زا ياﺮـﺑGMS
ﮓـﻧﺎﻳ و ﻲﻠﻴﻘﻋ ﺖﺷد نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫ و
) 20 ( ﺎـﺑ ﻪـﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ر يﺰـﻳ د ﻚـﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳ و
رﻮﮕﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ ﺘﻧژ ﻚﻴ ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ناﻮﺨﺑآ يزﺎﺴﻟﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ .
ﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ ﻪـﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻲﮕﺘـﺳﻮﻴﭘ ﻪـﻟدﺎﻌﻣ دﺮﺑرﺎـﻛ زا ﻲـﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ن
ﻲﻣ دﻮـﺷ .
نﺎـﻳﺮﺟ ﻞـﻛ عﻮـﻤﺠﻣ ،ﻲﮕﺘـﺳﻮﻴﭘ ﻪـﻟدﺎﻌﻣ رد و يدورو يﺎـﻫ
رد و هدﻮـﺑ ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑ نآ رد هﺮﻴﺧذ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ ،لﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻚﻳ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺟوﺮﺧ ﻪﺘـﺷﻮﻧ ﺮـﻳز ترﻮـﺻ ﻪـﺑ ﻦﮕﻤﻫﺮﻴﻏ و پوﺮﺗوﺰﻳاﺮﻴﻏ ،رﺎﮔﺪﻧﺎﻣﺮﻴﻏ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ) 1 .(
) 1
t (
S h z R K h z y K h y x K h
x xx yy zz S
xx ﻪﻛ ،K Kyy ZZ و ﺖﻬﺟ رد ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑK يﺎـﻫ
،x
وy
،z
،ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗR
،ﻲﺑﺎﺘـﺴﻳا ﺢﻄـﺳ عﺎـﻔﺗراh
Ss
و ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ ﻞـﺨﻠﺨﺗ
t
ز ﻣ ﺖﺳا نﺎ . شور ﻮﺗﻮﻤﻳرﺎﻣ و زﺪﻟﻮﻨﻳر دوﺪﺤﻣ ءاﺰﺟا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا يدﺪﻋ يﺎﻫ
) 16 ( رﺪﻧﻻﺎﻛ و ﻲﻟرﻮﺗ دوﺪﺤﻣ ﻞﺿﺎﻔﺗ و )
19 ( قﻮـﻓ ﻪـﻟدﺎﻌﻣ ﻞـﺣ ياﺮـﺑ
هﺪﺷ هدﺮﺑ رﺎﻜﺑ ﺪﻧا
. لﺪﻣ
Modflow
ﻪﺑ دوﺪـﺤﻣ ﻞﺿﺎﻔﺗ لﺪﻣ ﻚﻳ ناﻮﻨﻋ
،عﺎﺒـﺷاﺮﻴﻏ ،عﺎﺒـﺷا ﻞـﺨﻠﺨﺘﻣ ﻂﻴـﺤﻣ رد رﺎﮔﺪـﻧﺎﻣﺮﻴﻏ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ يﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﺳ ﻢﺘـﺴﻴﺳ رد ار رﻮﻛﺬـﻣ تﻻدﺎـﻌﻣ ﻞﺣ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ پوﺮﺗوﺰﻳاﺮﻴﻏ و ﻦﮕﻤﻫﺮﻴﻏ دراد ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ )
7 .(
رﺪﻴﺣ ي ) 3 ( ﻪﻌﻠﻗ ﺖﺷد نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ نﺎﺘﺳا رد ﻚﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ هدوﺪﺤﻣ رد ﻞﺗ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ار
Modflow
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ نﻼﻴـﺑ ﺮـﺑ ﻲﻟﺎـﺴﻜﺸﺧ تاﺮﺛا و هدﺮﻛ يزﺎﺳ
ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ار ناﻮﺨﺑآ .
ﺖﻤﺴﻗ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ناﻮـﺨﺑآ يﺰـﻛﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ
زاﺮـﺗ ﺪﻳﺪـﺷ ﺖـﻓا رﺎﭼد و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﻟﺎﺴﻜﺸﺧ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻲﻤﻧ ﻲﺑآ ددﺮـﮔ .
ﻴـﺳرﻮﭘ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد يﺪ
) 15 ( ﻲﺑﺎﺘـﺴﻳا ﺢﻄـﺳ تاﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺖﻓﺮﻴﺟ ﺖﺷد يﺰﻛﺮﻣ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺪـﺷ يزﺎﺳ
. تﺪـﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﻲﺠﻨـﺳاو 5
ﺶﻴﭘ و مﺎﺠﻧا لﺎﺳ رد ﻚـﻳﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ مﻮـﻗر تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻨﻴﺑ
4 زا ﺪـﻌﺑ لﺎـﺳ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو .
ﻪـﻨﻳﺰﮔ بآ زا ﺖـﺷادﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪـﻣ ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎـﻫ
زا ﻞــﺻﺎﺣ ﺖــﻓا ناﺮــﺒﺟ ياﺮــﺑ ﻪــﻨﻳﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺮــﺘﻬﺑ و ﻒــﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻲــﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز ﻲﻟﺎــﺴﻜﺸﺧ ﺶﻫﺎــﻛ
20 هﺎــﭼ زا ﺖــﺷادﺮﺑ ناﺰــﻴﻣ رد يﺪــﺻرد يﺎــﻫ
هﺮﻬﺑ ﺪﺷ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ يرادﺮﺑ .
ﻪﻟﻻ يراز ) 8 ( رد بآ ﻢـﺠﺣ ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓا ﺮـﺑ ار ﻲﻋﻮﻨـﺼﻣ ﻪـﻳﺬﻐﺗ ﺮـﺛا
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ دﺮﻛﺮﻬﺷ ناﻮﺨﺑآ سﺮﺘﺳد
Modflow
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ و هدﺮـﻛ يزﺎﺳ ﻲﺠﻨـﺳاو درﻮـﻣ ﻪـﻳﺬﻐﺗ و هﮋﻳو ﻲﻫﺪﺑآ ،ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ
ﺪــﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮــﻗ .
ﻪــﻟﻻ از ﻲﻳﺎــﺒﻃﺎﺒﻃ و ير )
11 ( و ﻲــﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز ﺪــﺳ ثاﺪــﺣا
ار بآ ﺖـﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻆﻔﺣ دﺮﻜﻳور ﺎﺑ ﻲﺤﻄﺳﺮﻳز هﺮﻴﺧذ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ رد بآ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻛﺬﻣ لﺪﻣ رد .
و ﻲــﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓ ﻂﻳاﺮــﺷ ﻒﻴــﺻﻮﺗ ﺎــﺑ ﻲﻣﻮــﻬﻔﻣ لﺪــﻣ ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦــﻳا رد دوﺪـﺤﻣ ﻞـﺿﺎﻔﺗ لﺪﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ و ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻚﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖﺷد ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ
Modflow
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﻲﻣ يزﺎﺳ ددﺮﮔ . ﺮﻴﺛﺄـﺗ و ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫﻮﻳرﺎﻨﺳ
هرود رد نآ راﺮـﻗ ﻲﺑﺎـﻳزرا درﻮـﻣ ناﻮـﺨﺑآ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻟﺎﺳﺮﺗ و ﻲﻟﺎﺴﻜﺸﺧ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ دﺮﻴﮔ . هرود رد لﺪﻣ 10
ﻪﻟﺎﺳ ) ﺮﻬﻣ 81 رﻮﻳﺮﻬﺷ ﺎﺗ 91
( رد و ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو
ﺖﺤﺻ ﻢﻫدزﺎﻳ ﻲﺑآ لﺎﺳ ﻨﺳ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻲﺠ .
شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ
ﺖﺣﺎــﺴﻣ ﺎــﺑ ﻚــﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖــﺷد 51
ــﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣﻮﻠﻴﻛ لﻮــﻃ ﻦﻴــﺑ ﻊ
يﺎــﻫ
ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻓاﺮﻐﺟ 42'
49° ﺎﺗ 08'
50° ضﺮﻋ و ﻲﻳﺎـﻴﻓاﺮﻐﺟ يﺎـﻫ 26'
31° و
41'
31° ﻪﻠــﺻﺎﻓ رد و هﺬــﻳا نﺎﺘــﺳﺮﻬﺷ بﻮــﻨﺟ رد 140
يﺮﺘﻣﻮــﻠﻴﻛ
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ نﺎﺘﺳا رد زاﻮﻫا نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ .
و لﻼـﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور
ﺪﻨﺘـﺴﻫ ﻚـﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖـﺷد ﻲﻠـﺼﻓ و ﻢﻬﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ود ،نازاردﺎﭘ ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور .
ﻼﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور بﻮـﻨﺟ رد و هﺪـﺷ ﺖـﺷد دراو ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺷ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ زا ل
ﻲـﻣ سﺎـﺒﻌﻟاﻮﺑا ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ﻪﺑ نازاردﺎﭘ ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ دﺪـﻧﻮﻴﭘ
. ﺮﺜﻛاﺪـﺣ
هدوﺪﺤﻣ عﺎﻔﺗرا 3
/ 3303 نآ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ و ﺮﺘﻣ 7
/ 391 ﻲﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﺖﻌـﺳو
تﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗرا 6 / 821 ﺖـﺷد ﺖﺣﺎـﺴﻣ ،ﻊـﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣﻮﻠﻴﻛ 4
/ 62 و ﻊـﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣﻮﻠﻴﻛ
ﻲـﺘﻓﺮﺑآ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺖﻌﺳو 9
/ 50 ﻮﻠﻴﻛ
ﺖـﺳا ﻊـﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ .
رد ﻂـﺳﻮﺘﻣ عﺎـﻔﺗرا
تﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗرا 4 / 1231 ﺖﺷد رد و ﺮﺘﻣ 5
/ 743 ﻲﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 9 .(
هﺎﭼ گﻻ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ هﺮـﻬﺑ ﻖﻴﻤﻋ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻓﺎـﺸﺘﻛا و يرادﺮـﺑ
ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮـﻣ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ رد ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ،ﻚﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖﺷد رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺖــﺷرد ًﺎﺗﺪــﻤﻋ ﺖــﻓﺮﺑآ رد و يرﺎــﻴﺘﺨﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﻧزﺎــﺳ تروﺎــﺠﻣ رد ﻪــﻧاد
رﺎﺴﭽﮔ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻔﮔ راﺮﻗ نا .
ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻲﺣاﻮـﻧ ﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ رد راﺪـﺑآ هﺮﻔـﺳ
ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻀﻌﺑ رد و دازآ ترﻮﺻ ﺶﺨﺑ و ﻲﺑﻮﻨﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ﺖـﺳا رﺎﺸﻓ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻪﻤﻴﻧ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ،ﺖﺷد ﻲﺑﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ و بﺮﻏ رد .
مزﻻ
رد دﻮـﺟﻮﻣ ﻢـﻬﻣ ﺪﻧزﺎـﺳ ود ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ راﺪـﺑآ هﺮﻔﺳ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﺮﻛذ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ )
ﺪﻧزﺎـﺳ و يرﺎـﻴﺘﺨﺑ ياﺮﻣﻮـﮕﻨﻛ نارﺎـﺴﭽﮔ
(
ﻲـﻣ مﺎـﺠﻧا دﻮـﺷ
.
ﺐﻴـﺷ ﻪـﻛ ﻲﻳﺎـﺟ رد ،ﻲﻗﺮـﺷ لﺎﻤـﺷ ﺖﻤـﺳ زا ﻪـﻳﺬﻐﺗ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﻲـﻣ ترﻮـﺻ ﺖﺳا ﺖﺷد ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ يرﺎﻴﺘﺨﺑ ياﺮﻣﻮﮕﻨﻛ دﺮـﻴﮔ
. رد ﻪـﺘﺒﻟا
ﺶﺨﺑ
ﺖـﺳا ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ راﺪﺑآ هﺮﻔﺳ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ رد نارﺎﺴﭽﮔ ﺖﺷد ﻲﺑﺮﻏ يﺎﻫ .
زا
و هدﻮﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا رد نازاردﺎﭘ و لﻼﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ﺎﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ هﺮﻔﺳ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ ﺎـﻔﻳا ﻚﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖﺷد راﺪﺑآ هﺮﻔﺳ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ رد ار ﻲﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ لﻼﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ . ﻲﻣ هﺪﺑآ عﻮﻧ زا ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ﻦﻳا مﺎﻤﺗ رد ًﺎﺒﻳﺮﻘﺗ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
لﺎـﺳ لﻮـﻃ
ﻲﻣ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ ار راﺪﺑآ هﺮﻔﺳ ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ
. طﺎـﺒﺗرا نازاردﺎـﭘ ﻲﻠـﺼﻓ ﻪـﻧﺎﺧدور ﻲـﻟو
دراد راﺪﺑآ هﺮﻔﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ .
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ 53
ﺎﭼ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻲﺑد ﺎﺑ يزروﺎﺸﻛ ه 20
دﺮﻛرﺎﻛ و ﻪﻴﻧﺎﺛ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ 3000
ﻖﻤﻋ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺎﺑ و ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 78
ﺮـﺘﻣ
ﻖﻤﻋ ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ و 100
ﻲـﻣ ﺮﺘﻣ ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ . هﺎـﭼ داﺪـﻌﺗ ﻦـﻳا 85
ﻞـﻛ ﺪـﺻرد
هﺎﭼ ﺖـﺳا ﺖﺷد رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ .
نﺎﺘـﺳا رد ﻚـﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖـﺷد ﺖـﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ
ﺖﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ و نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ رد ﻲـﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز و ﻲﺤﻄـﺳ ﻊﺑﺎـﻨﻣ زا ﺖـﺷادﺮﺑ يﺎـﻫ
ﻜﺷ ﻞ 1 ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ .
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ هرود تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ يزﺎﺳ 10
هﺎﻣﺮﻬﻣ زا لﺎﺳ 1381
هﺎﻣرﻮﻳﺮﻬـﺷ ﺎﺗ
1391 لﺎـﺳ ﻚـﻳ و ﻲﺠﻨـﺳاو ياﺮﺑ )
ﺮـﻬﻣ 91 رﻮﻳﺮﻬـﺷ ﺎـﺗ 92
( ياﺮـﺑ
ﺖﺤﺻ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا لﺪﻣ ﻲﺠﻨﺻ .
دﻮـﺟو ﻞـﻴﻟد ﻪـﺑ هرود ﻦﻳا بﺎﺨﺘﻧا
هرود تﺎـﻋﻼﻃا ندﻮـﺑ سﺮﺘﺳد رد و ﻲﻟﺎﺴﻜﺸﺧ و ﻲﻟﺎﺳﺮﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
و يژﻮﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا يژﻮﻟﻮﺋژورﺪﻴﻫ
. هﺎﻣ ﻪﺳ ﺶﻨﺗ هرود ﺮﻫ لﻮﻃ
ﺶﻨﺗ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ياﺮﺑ لﺎﺳ ﻞﺼﻓ ﺮﻫ لدﺎﻌﻣ ﻪـﺑ يزروﺎـﺸﻛ و ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳا ناﻮﺨﺑآ .
داﺪﻌﺗ 8 هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻚﻫﺎﭼ ـﺑ ﺖﺷد رد يا
ﻪ ﻪـﻧﺎﻫﺎﻣ ترﻮـﺻ
ﻲﻣ يرادﺮﺑرﺎﻣآ ياﺮﺑ ﻞﺼﻓ ﺮﻫ ﺮﺧآ هﺎﻣ رد ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا ﺢﻄﺳ عﺎﻔﺗرا ﻪﻛ دﻮﺷ
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو .
ﻼﻃا ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ مﺪﻋ زا يداﺪـﻌﺗ رد ﺎـﻫﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ تﺎﻋ
هرود هرود رد ﺎﺗ ﺪﺷ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺶﻨﺗ يﺎﻫ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ بآ ﺢﻄﺳ هﺎﺗﻮﻛ يﺎﻫ
هرود رد و يزﺎﺳزﺎﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﻧﺎﻴﻣ لﺪـﻣ ﻪـﺑ دﻮـﺟﻮﻣ تﺎـﻋﻼﻃا ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺪﻨﭼ يﺎﻫ
دﻮﺷ دراو . هﺪﻫﺎـﺸﻣ طﺎﻘﻧ ﺖﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ نآ ﻲﮔﺪـﻨﻛاﺮﭘ و يا
رد ﻪﻜﺒـﺷ رد ﺎـﻫ
ﻞﻜﺷ 2 ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ .
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﺎﺑ يزﺎﺳ ﻨﺑ
زا ﻪﻜﺒـﺷ ﻚﻳ ﻪﻠﻴﺳو ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﻲﻳﺎﻀﻓ يﺪ كﻮﻠﺑ
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا لﻮﻠﺳ مﺎﻨﺑ ﺎﻫ .
ﻪﻜﺒـﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻚﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖﺷد هدوﺪﺤﻣ ﻞﻛ يا
لﻮﻠﺳ زا يﺎﻫ 250
× 250 هوﺮـﮔ ود ﻪـﺑ ناﻮـﺨﺑآ يﺎﻫزﺮﻣ و هﺪﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ ﺮﺘﻣ
ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪـــﻴﻫ يﺎـــﻫزﺮﻣ )
ﻲـــﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ نﺎـــﻳﺮﺟ ياراد (
ﻲـــﻜﻳﺰﻴﻓ و
) ﺮﻳﺬﭘﺎﻧذﻮﻔﻧ ( ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﺪﺷ يﺪﻨﺑ ) ﻞﻜﺷ 2 .(
دورو نﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻲـﺟوﺮﺧ و ي
يﺎـﻫزﺮﻣ رد ناﻮـﺨﺑآ ﺖﻣﺎﺨـﺿ و ﺖﻳاﺪـﻫ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ
ﻲـﻣ ﺖـﺳد ﻪـﺑ ﺶﻨـﺗ هرود ﺮﻫ رد ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺪـﻳآ
. ﺎـﺑ ﺎـﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦـﻳا
هداد ﻪﻴﺒﺷ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺠﻨـﺳاو ﺪـﻨﻳاﺮﻓ رد و دروآﺮﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا ﺢﻄﺳ هﺪﺷ يزﺎﺳ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ .
ناﻮﺨﺑآ نﻼﻴﺑ ﺮﺑ ﺖﺸﻛ يﺎﻫﻮﮕﻟا ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ
بآ ﻪﺧﺮﭼ ﻞـﻳﻮﺤﺗ و ﻮﺳ ﻚﻳ زا ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بآ و ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﻦﻴﺑﺎﻣ
ﻪﻜﺒﺷ ﻪﺑ نآ ﻲﻠﺻا ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ يرﺎﻴﺑآ يﺎﻫ
ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ناﺰـﻴﻣ هﺪﻨﻨﻛ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ .
زا ﻪـﻘﻄﻨﻣ رد يزروﺎﺸﻛ زﺎﻴﻧ درﻮﻣ بآ
نﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ هﺎﭼ زا ژﺎﭙﻤﭘ و دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﺤﻄﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﺎﻫ دﻮﺷ
. مﺪﻋ
ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ﻲﻫﺪﺑآ قﺎﺒﻄﻧا يﺎﻫ
،ﻲـﻋارز تﻻﻮـﺼﺤﻣ ﺖﺸﻛ نﺎﻣز ﺎﺑ ﻲﻠﺼﻓ
ﺖﺳا هداد راﺮﻗ ﺖﻳﻮﻟوا رد نازروﺎﺸﻛ ياﺮﺑ ار ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا .
زا
و ﻲـﻔﻨﻣ ﺪـﺷر ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﺖﻌﻨـﺻ و بﺮـﺷ ،يزروﺎﺸﻛ بآ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ وﺮﻨﻳا ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ﺮﺘﺴﺑ زا ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ زا ﻲﮔﺪﻧرﺎﺑ بآ ذﻮﻔﻧ و يزروﺎﺸﻛ بآ ﺖﺸﮔﺮﺑ ،ﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ رﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺨﺑآ نﻼﻴﺑ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﺐﻳاﺮﺿ ﺪﻧور
.
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 - ﻚﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖﺷد ﺖﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ نﺎﺘﺳا رد
يزروﺎﺸﻛ بآ
Figure1- Situatioon of Baghmakek plain in Khuzestan province and agricultural water resources
ﻞﻜﺷ 2 - ﻪﻜﺒﺷ هﺎﭼ ﺖﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ ،لﺪﻣ يﺪﻨﺑ يزﺮﻣ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ و ﻚﻳﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ يﺎﻫ
Figure2- Model gridding, piezometers and boundary condition
ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫﻮﻳرﺎﻨﺳ ﺮﺛا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﺑ رﻮﻛﺬﻣ نﻼﻴﺑ ياﺰﺟا زا ماﺪﻛ ﺮﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ بآ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ﺺﻴﺼﺨﺗ مﺪﻋ و ﺖﻓررﺪﻫ زا يﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﺮﺑ يرﺎﻴﺑآ
دراد ﻲﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ .
زا ماﺪـﻛ ﺮـﻫ زا بآ ژﺎـﭙﻤﭘ ﻲﺑد 53
يزروﺎـﺸﻛ هﺎـﭼ
هزاﺪﻧا ﻮﺼﻓ زا ﻚﻳﺮﻫ رد ﺎﻬﻧآ دﺮﻛرﺎﻛ تﺎﻋﺎﺳ رد و يﺮﻴﮔ بﺮـﺿ لﺎـﺳ ل
ﺪﺷ . بآ ﻪـﺑ ًادﺪـﺠﻣ ﻲﺘـﺸﮔﺮﺑ بآ ناﻮـﻨﻋ ﻪـﺑ هﺪﺷ ژﺎﭙﻤﭘ بآ زا ﻲﺸﺨﺑ
ﻲﻣ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز ،لﺎـﻘﺘﻧا ﺮﺘـﺴﺑ ﻪـﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ نآ ﺖﺸﮔﺮﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻛ
ﺖﺳا توﺎﻔﺘﻣ كﺎﺧ عﻮﻧ و يرﺎﻴﺑآ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ .
رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ
ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ 25
/ 0
ﺪـﻳدﺮﮔ ﺮـﺴﻛ رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﻲﺘﺷادﺮﺑ بآ ﻞﻛ زا .
تﺪﻣ هدوﺪﺤﻣ ياﺮـﺑ ﺐـﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪـﺑ ﻲﺑآ لﺎﺳ ﻚﻳ رد ﺎﻫ هﺎﭼ دﺮﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣز
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ و رﺎﻬﺑ ،نﺎﺘﺴﻣز ،ﺰﻴﻳﺎﭘ 650
، 50 ، 300 و 2000 ﺖﻋﺎـﺳ
ﻲﻣ دروآﺮﺑ دﻮﺷ . نﺎﺘـﺴﺑﺎﺗ رد ﺖـﺷادﺮﺑ ﻢـﺠﺣ زا ﻲـﻤﻴﻧ زا ﺶﻴﺑ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
ﻲﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﺗرﻮﺻ رد دﺮﻴﮔ
شرﺎـﺑ هﺪـﻤﻋ ﻪﻛ مﺎـﺠﻧا دﺮـﺳ لﻮـﺼﻓ رد ﺎـﻫ
ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ . ﻞﻜﺷ 3 زا ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﻢﺠﺣ ﻪﻤﺸﭼ ،هﺎﭼ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ
ﺖـﺳا هﺪـﺷ ﻢﻴـﺳﺮﺗ تﺎـﻋﺎﻔﺗرا و ﻲﺘﻓﺮﺑآ هدوﺪﺤﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ود رد تﺎﻨﻗ و .
ﺰـﻴﻧ ناﻮـﺨﺑآ ﻲﺘـﺷادﺮﺑ بآ زا ﺖﻌﻨﺻ و بﺮﺷ ،يزروﺎﺸﻛ فرﺎﺼﻣ ﻢﻬﺳ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ .
ﻚـﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ تﺎـﻋﺎﻔﺗرا رد ﻂﻘﻓ تﺎﻨﻗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ
ﻲﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﺎـﻧاور ﺎﻬﻨﺗ و هدﻮﺑ ﺖﺨﺳ ﺪﻧزﺎﺳ زا ﻪﻤﺸﭼ بآ ﺄﺸﻨﻣ و دﺮﻴﮔ
ب
نآ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻲﻣ دراو ناﻮﺨﺑآ يزﺎﺴﻟﺪﻣ ﻪﺧﺮﭼ رد ﺎﻫ
دﻮﺷ .
ﺢﻄـﺳ و ﺮﺘـﺴﺑ ﮓﻨـﺳ عﺎـﻔﺗرا لﺪـﻣ زﺎـﻴﻧدرﻮﻣ ﻲﻣﻮﻗر تﺎﻋﻼﻃا زا ﺖﺳا ﻪﻜﺒﺷ لﻮﻠﺳ ﺮﻫ رد ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا
. ﻦﻴﻣز رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ،ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ
هﺎﭼ ﻞﻴﻓوﺮﭘ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ و ﻲﺗاﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻳﻻ يﺎﻫ ﮓﻨـﺳ مﻮـﻗر كﺎﺧ يﺪﻨﺑ
رد ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺮﺘﺴﺑ 10
ﺑ و ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﮓـﻨﻴﺠﻳﺮﻛ شور ﻪـﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺎ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻢﻴﺳﺮﺗ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺮﻳﺬﭘﺎﻧذﻮﻔﻧ ﻪﻳﻻ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ )
ﻞﻜـﺷ 4 .(
ﻢـﻫ ﻪـﺸﻘﻧ زاﺮـﺗ
لﺎـﺳ هﺎـﻣﺮﻬﻣ رد ﻚﻳﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ مﻮﻗر ﻲﺑﺎﻴﻧورد ﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا ﺢﻄﺳ 81 ﻞﻜﺷ رد 5
ﺖـﺳا هﺪـﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ .
ﺐـﻟﺎﻏ ﺖـﻛﺮﺣ ﻞﻜـﺷ ﻖﺑﺎـﻄﻣ
ﻲﻣ ﻞﻜﺷ بﻮﻨﺟ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ قﺮﺷ لﺎﻤﺷ زا نﺎﻳﺮﺟ دﺮﻴﮔ
.
ﺚﺤﺑ و ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺖﻳاﺪـﻫ ﺮـﻴﻈﻧ يدورو ﻲـﻌﻄﻗﺮﻴﻏ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ياﺮﺑ لﺪﻣ ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو
ﺪـﺷ مﺎـﺠﻧا ﻲﺤﻄـﺳ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ و هﮋﻳو ﻲﻫﺪﺑآ ،ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ .
ﺢﻄـﺳ عﺎـﻔﺗرا
هزاﺪﻧا ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا رد هﺪﺷ يﺮﻴﮔ
8 مﻮـﻗر ﺎﺑ ﺶﻨﺗ هرود ﺮﻫ رد لﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رﻮﻛﺬﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦﻴﻤﺨﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﻲﺗﺎﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻚﻳﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ .
هداد ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻪﻄﺑار هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ يﺎﻫ
يا ) (y
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ و يزﺎـﺳ
) (x
ﻲﻣ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺮﻳز ترﻮﺼﺑ دﻮﺷ
:
ax b
y (2)
،نآ رد ﻪﻛ وa
ﻲﻣ ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ ﺐﻳاﺮﺿb
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ . ﺎـﺑ ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑ ﺮﻔـﺻ ضﺮـﻓ ﺮـﮔا
ﻚﻳ ﺐﻴﺷ
Ho:a1 ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﻔـﺻ أﺪﺒﻣ زا ضﺮﻋ و
Ho:b0 ،
هﺎﮕﻧآ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ هزاﺪﻧا ﺎﺑ تﺎﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا رﺎﻴﻌﻣ
ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ هدﻮﺑ يﺮﻴﮔ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ نآ
) 19 .(
ﻞﻜﺷ 3 - زا ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﻢﺠﺣ ناﻮﺨﺑآ
و فﺮﺼﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
Figure3- Discharge from aquifer and consumption sources
ﻞﻜﺷ 4 - عﺎﻔﺗرا ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﺮﺘﺴﺑ ﮓﻨﺳ
ﻞﻜﺷ 5 - زاﺮﺘﻤﻫ طﻮﻄﺧ رد ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا ﺢﻄﺳ
لوا مﺎﮔ ﻪﻴﺒﺷ يزﺎﺳ
Figure5- Groundwater table contour lines at the first step of simulation Figure4- Bed layer elevation map
و ﻲــﻌﻗاو ﺖــﻟﺎﺣ رد ﻲــﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ زاﺮــﺗ ﻢﻴــﺳﺮﺗ ﺎــﺑ ﻪــﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻦــﻳا ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﻞﻜﺷ رد يزﺎﺳ 6
ﻲﺠﻨـﺳاو ياﺮـﺑ )
40 ﺶﻨـﺗ هرود 3
ﻪـﻫﺎﻣ ( رد و
ﻞﻜﺷ 7 ﺖﺤﺻ ياﺮﺑ لﺪﻣ ﻲﺠﻨﺳ
) 4 ﺶﻨﺗ هرود ( ﺖـﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ .
هداد لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ مﺎﺠﻧا زا ﺲﭘ ﺲﻧﺎـﻳراو ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ،ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ رد ﺎﻫ
ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا لﺪﻣ يﺪﻣارﺎﻛ رﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﺎﻄﺧ 1
/ 3 ﺖﺤﺻ رد و ﻲﺠﻨﺳ
84 / 3 ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ .
ﻞﻜﺷ 6 - رد لﺪﻣ ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ 10
لﺎﺳ
Figure6- Resuls of calibration model in 10 years ﻞﻜﺷ
7 - ﺖﺤﺻ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ لﺎﺴﻜﻳ رد لﺪﻣ ﻲﺠﻨﺳ
Figure7- Results of verification model in one year
ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﺐﻳاﺮﺿ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ 5
/ 4 ﺎﺗ 7 رد ﺮـﺘﻣ
ﻦﻴﺑ هﮋﻳو ﻲﻫﺪﺑآ و زور 008
/ 0 ﺎـﺗ 03 / 0
ﻲـﻣ هدز ﻦﻴـﻤﺨﺗ دﻮـﺷ
. ﻪـﺸﻘﻧ
ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﺖﺤـﺻ و ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو زا ﺲﭘ ﺖﺷد
ﻪـﺑ لﺪـﻣ ﻲﺠﻨـﺳ
ﻞﻜﺷ ترﻮﺻ 8
ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ . ﺶﺨﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ لﺎﻤـﺷ و لﺎﻤـﺷ يﺎـﻫ
ﺖﺳاراد ار ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﺷد ﻲﻗﺮﺷ .
و سﺎـﺳا ﻦـﻳا ﺮﺑ
ناﻮـﺨﺑآ ﻲﻗﺮـﺷ لﺎﻤـﺷ رد ﻻﺎﺑ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺐﻴﺷ بﺎﺴﺘﺣا ﺎﺑ )
ﻞﻜـﺷ 5 (
ﺷد ﺰﻛﺮﻣ رد و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ زا يدورو نﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖ
هﺎﭼ ﻊﻤﺠﺗ ﻪﻛ دراد دﻮﺟو يزروﺎﺸﻛ يﺎﻫ
) ﻞﻜﺷ 2 ( ﻲﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪـﺳر
.
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺎـﺗ ﻚـﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖـﺷد رد ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ نﻼﻴﺑ داد نﺎﺸﻧ يزﺎﺳ
نﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ يدﺎﻳز دوﺪﺣ ﻲﻗﺮـﺷ لﺎﻤﺷ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز و ﻲﺤﻄﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﺎـﺑ نآ يزﺮـﻣ ﻲﺑﺎﺘـﺴﻳا ﺢﻄﺳ عﺎﻔﺗرا و ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ دروآﺮﺑ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺖﺳا
.
ﻪﻴﺒـﺷ ﺞﻳﺎـﺘﻧ ﺖـﻗد ﻲﺑﺎـﻳزرا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻲـﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ زاﺮـﺗ ،يزﺎـﺳ
ﺮـﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ ﻪﺳ رد ﻲﺗﺎﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ و ﻲﺗاﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ 6
، 2 و 5 ﻪـﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻪـﺳ رد ﻊـﻗاو
ﻞﻜـﺷ رد ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻲﻧﺎـﻣز هزﺎـﺑ رد ناﻮـﺨﺑآ ﻲﺑﺮﻏ و يﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﻲﻗﺮﺷ 9
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻢﻴﺳﺮﺗ .
نﺎﻣز ﻲﻃ رد ﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ ﻪﺳ ﺮﻫ مﻮﻗر تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ
ﺎﺒﻄﻧا و هدﻮﺑ ﮓﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ رد ﺰـﺠﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﺑ يزﺎﺴﻟﺪﻣ مﻮﻗر ق
ﻲﻟﺎﺴﻜﺸﺧ هرود ياﺪﺘﺑا )
هرود ﺶﻨﺗ يﺎﻫ 22
ﺎﺗ 26 لﺎﺳ هدوﺪﺤﻣ ﺎﻳ 87
(
ﺖﺳا لﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ .
رد ﻲﮔﺪﻧرﺎﺑ رادﻮﻤﻧ 10
ﻞﻜـﺷ رد ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ لﺎﺳ 10
ﺢﻄـﺳ عﺎـﻔﺗرا و
هرﺎﻤﺷ ﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا 3
ﻞﻜـﺷ رد ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮـﻗ ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻪﻛ 11
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ .
ﺗ ﺪﻧور ﻞـﻴﻟد و نﺎـﺴﻜﻳ رادﻮـﻤﻧ ود ﺮﻫ رد تاﺮﻴﻴﻐ
و هدﻮـﺑ يﻮـﺟ تﻻوﺰـﻧ ﻪـﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ هﺮﻴﺧذ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑاو نآ لﺎﺳ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻲﻟﺎﺴﻜﺸﺧ
86 هﺪـﺷ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺪﻳﺪﺷ ﺖﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ
ﺖﺳا . ﻞﻜﺷ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ 11
لﺎـﺳ ﺮـﻫ نﺎﺘـﺴﺑﺎﺗ رد بآ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺖﻓا ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﻲﻣ قﺎﻔﺗا ﺪﺘﻓا . ﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﻲﻠﻛ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ و ﻲﮔﺪـﻧرﺎﺑ راﺪ
ﻲﻣ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ لﺎﺳ لﻮﺼﻓ رد ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ توﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﺑ نآ ﻲﻌﻄﻘﻣ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ددﺮﮔ
.
ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ
ﻲﺠﻨـﺳاو يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ لﺪﻣ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ
ﻞﻜـﺷ رد هﺪـﺷ 12
ﺖـﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺳﺮﺗ .
ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺮـﻫ رد 10
، 30 و 50 ﻪـﻴﻟوا راﺪـﻘﻣ ﺪـﺻرد
ﺎـﺑ ﻲـﻔﻨﻣ و ﺖـﺒﺜﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ و هﮋﻳو ﻲﻫﺪﺑآ ،ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ نآ ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد ﺪﺷ ﻊﻤﺟ ﺎﻫ ﺪـﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻗﺎﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ نوﺪﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﻪﻛ
. لﺪـﻣ
عﻮﻤﺠﻣ رد و اﺮﺟا ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﻫ ياﺮﺑ ًادﺪﺠﻣ 18
ﻪﻴﺒـﺷ ﻪـﺒﺗﺮﻣ ياﺮـﺑ يزﺎـﺳ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ يﺎﻄﺧ ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ .
ﻞﻜـﺷ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ
رد ﺖﺳا ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ لﺪﻣ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺎـﭘ ﻦﻳا ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﻜﻴﺗرﻮﺻ
ﻲـﻤﻧ دﻮـﺟو ﻪـﺑ ار يدﺎـﻳز يﺎـﻄﺧ ﺮﺘﻣار دروآ
.
يرﺪﻴﺣ ) 3 ( يﺮﺘـﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ دﺮﻛ شراﺰﮔ ﺰﻴﻧ
نآ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺗ دراد لﺪﻣ يﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺑ ار .
ﻪـﺟرد رد ﻪـﻳﺬﻐﺗ ﻖـﻴﻗد ﻦﻴـﻤﺨﺗ
هداد ﺖﻴﻤﻫا يﺪﻌﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ نآ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﻛ دراد راﺮﻗ يدورو يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ دﺎﻳز يﺎﻄﺧ ﺎﺑ ار يزﺎﺴﻟﺪﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ
. ﻻ ﻪﻟ يراز ) 8 ( ياراد ار ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ
شراﺰـﮔ دﺮﻛﺮﻬﺷ ﺖﺷد ناﻮﺨﺑآ لﺪﻣ ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ رد ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ دﺮﻛ . هداد ﺖﺒـﺴﻧ هﮋـﻳو ﻲﻫﺪـﺑآ ﻲﺠﻨـﺳاو ﻪـﺑ ﺰـﻴﻧ ﺖﻴـﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ
ﻲﻣ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ترﻮﺻ رد ﻪﻛ دﻮﺷ 50
ﻚـﻳ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ،نآ ﻲﻌﻗاو راﺪﻘﻣ رد يﺪﺻرد
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدوﺰﻓا ﺎﻄﺧ ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﻪﺑ ﺪﺣاو .
ﻞﻜﺷ 8 - ﺪﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ ﺖﻳا ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو
هﺪﺷ ) زور رد ﺮﺘﻣ (
Figure8- Calibrated hydraulic conductivity map (m/day)
ﻞﻜﺷ 9 - ﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ ﻪﺳ رد ﻲﺗﺎﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ و ﻲﺗاﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا ﺢﻄﺳ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ 6
، 2 و 5
Figure9- Comparison between calculated and observed water table in three piezometers 2, 5 and 6
ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ رد ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﺢﻄﺳ عﺎﻔﺗرا -11ﻞﻜﺷ يزﺎﺳﻪﻴﺒﺷ يﺎﻫلﺎﺳ رد ﻲﮔﺪﻧرﺎﺑ عﺎﻔﺗرا-10ﻞﻜﺷ Figure11- Water table elevation in the center of aquifer Figure10- Rainfall in simulation years
ﻞﻜﺷ 12 - نﺎﻳﺮﺟ لﺪﻣ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ
ﻐﺗ ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ رد ﺮﻴﻴ
Figure12- Sensitivity analysis of flow model relative to calibrated parameters
ﺖﺸﻛ يﻮﮕﻟا يﺎﻫﻮﻳرﺎﻨﺳ
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ندﻮﺑ ﺪﻣارﺎﻛﺎﻧ ،فﺮﺼﻣﺮﭘ نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا و لﺎـﻘﺘﻧا يﺎـﻫ
ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ هﺎﻴﮔ زﺎﻴﻧدرﻮﻣ راﺪﻘﻣ زا ﺶﻴﺑ بآ نﺪﻧﺎﺳر و ﻪﻋرﺰﻣ رد بآ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﺮﻴﺨﺒﺗ
ﻲـﻣ كﺎـﺧ و بآ ﻪـﺧﺮﭼ رد بآ ﺖﻓررﺪﻫ و ددﺮـﮔ
. زﺎـﻴﻧدرﻮﻣ بآ
نآ ﺖﻴﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ زا اﺪـﺘﺑا ﺪـﺷر زا ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺮﻫ رد ﺎﻫ
بآ زا ﺲﭙـﺳ و ﻲﮔﺪـﻧرﺎﺑ بﺎﻧاور و ﻪﻧﺎﺧدور ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﺤﻄﺳ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﺺﻴﺼﺨﺗ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز .
ﻲﺑ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ تاﺮﺛا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ رد و ﻪﻳور
ﻪﻓﺮﺻ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد ﻲﻳﻮـﺟ
ﻞـﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ يﻮﻳرﺎﻨـﺳ ود ﻲـﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ جاﺮﺨﺘـﺳا
ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ زا ماﺪﻛ ﺮﻫ ﺮﺛا و ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻲﺑﺎﺘـﺴﻳا ﺢﻄـﺳ ﺮـﺑ ﺎـﻫ
ﺰـﻛﺮﻣ ناﻮـﺨﺑآ
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﺪـﺷ يزﺎﺳ .
دوﺪـﺣ ندﺮـﻛ ﻪﻓﺎـﺿا لوا يﻮﻳرﺎﻨـﺳ 50
ﻪـﺑ ﺪـﺻرد ﻪﺑﺎﻘﺣ
هﺎـﭼ دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ يزروﺎـﺸﻛ يﺎـﻫ
ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ مود يﻮﻳرﺎﻨـﺳ و 50
ﻲﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ار ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﻢﺠﺣ يﺪﺻرد دﻮﺷ
. ﻻﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ندﺮـﺑ
ﻢﻛ مﺎﺠﻧا ،نﺎﻣﺪﻧار آ
ﻞـﺑﺎﻗ بﺎـﻧاور و ﻲﮔﺪـﻧرﺎﺑ زا ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا و يرﺎﻴﺑ
ﺖﺳا ناﺮﺒﺟ .
ﻪﻴﺒﺷ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ زاﺮﺗ يزﺎﺳ
هرﺎﻤﺷ ﺮﺘﻣوﺰﻴﭘ رد هﺪﺷ 3
رد
ﻞﻜﺷ رد ﻲﻠﻌﻓ ﺖﻴﻌﺿو ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رد ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ 13
هﺪـﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﺖﺳا . ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻲﻌﻗاو ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫﻮﻳرﺎﻨﺳ فﻼﺘﺧا نﺎﻣز ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺎﺑ
و دوﺪﺣ ﻪﺑ اﺪﺘﺑا رد ﺮﺘﻣ ﻚﻳ زا ﺮﺘﻤﻛ زا 15
نﺎﻳﺎﭘ رد ﺮﺘﻣ 10
هﺪﻴﺳر لﺎﺳ
ﺖــﺳا . رد ﺰــﻴﻧ ﻲــﻋارزﺮﻴﻏ و ﻲــﻋارز لﻮــﺼﻓ ﻦﻴــﺑ بآ ﺢﻄــﺳ فﻼﺘــﺧا
ﻢﻛ يﻮﻳرﺎﻨﺳ زا ﺶﻴﺑ فﺮﺼﻣﺮﭘ يﻮﻳرﺎﻨﺳ فﺮﺼﻣ
ﻲـﻣ تاﺮـﺛا ﻪـﻛ ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺸﺗ ار نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ رد بآ دﻮﺒﻤﻛ ﺪﻨﻛ
.
ﻞﻜﺷ 13 - يﺎﻫﻮﻳرﺎﻨﺳ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ بآ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
ﻮﺨﺑآ نا هرود رد 10 لﺎﺳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
Figure13- Comparison between different scenarios of water usage in the 10 study years
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ يﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻠﻛ
هرود ﻚﻳ رد ﻚﻠﻤﻏﺎﺑ ﺖﺷد ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ لﺪﻣ 10
ﺎـﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﺳ
ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪـﻴﻫ ﺖﻳاﺪـﻫ ﻲﺠﻨﺳاو )
5 / 4 ﺎـﺗ 7 زور رد ﺮـﺘﻣ (
هﮋـﻳو ﻲﻫﺪـﺑآ ،
) 008 / 0 ﺎﺗ 03 / 0 (
ﺖـﻓﺎﻳ ﻪﻌـﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻳﺬﻐﺗ و .
تﺎـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ﺎـﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦـﻳا
راﺮـﻗ ﻲﺠﻨـﺳاو درﻮـﻣ ﺎـﻬﻧآ ﺖـﻴﻫﺎﻣ ﻪﻄـﺳاﻮﺑ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻦﻳا ﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ــﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻪ ا ﺪــﻧ ) 3 ، 11 و 15 ( . زﺮــﻣ زا نﺎــﻳﺮﺟ يدورو ﻢــﺠﺣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘــﺸﻴﺑ
ﻲﻣ دراو ناﻮﺨﺑآ قﺮﺷ لﺎﻤﺷ ﻲﻜﻴﻟورﺪﻴﻫ رد ﺖﺷد ﻲﺟوﺮﺧ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ و ددﺮﮔ
دراد راﺮﻗ ﻲﺑﻮﻨﺟ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ .
ﻢﻬﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻲﻟﺎـﺴﻜﺸﺧ ،ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻨﺗ
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﻲﮔﺪﻧرﺎﺑ دﻮﺒﻤﻛ و 86
بآ زاﺮـﺗ رد ﺪﻳﺪـﺷ ﺖﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز
. ﺖﺷد ﺐﻠﻏا رد دراﻮﻣ ﻦﻳا رﻮـﺸﻛ رد دﻮـﺟﻮﻣ يﺎـﻫ
ناﻮﺨﺑآ رد ﻪﻋﻮﻨﻤﻣ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ دﺎﺠﻳا ﻲﻠﺻا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ
) 8 .(
ﻲــﻣ نﺎــﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎــﺘﻧ ﺪــﻫد
ﺶﻳاﺰــﻓا 50 هﺎــﭼ ﻲــﺑد يﺪــﺻرد يﺎــﻫ
ﻬﺑ هﺮ زا ﺪـﻌﺑ ار ناﻮﺨﺑآ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ رد ﻲﺑﺎﺘﺴﻳا ﺢﻄﺳ يرادﺮﺑ 10
دوﺪـﺣ لﺎـﺳ
15 ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺮﺘﻣ ﺪﻫد
. راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد 50
ﺪـﺻرد
هرود لﻮـﻃ رد ناﻮـﺨﺑآ ﻲﺑﺎﺘـﺴﻳا ﺢﻄـﺳ ﺖـﻓا زا ﻊﻧﺎﻣ ،ﻲﻧﻮﻨﻛ ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ
ﻲـﺑ ﺖـﺷادﺮﺑ و ﻲﻟﺎـﺴﻜﺸﺧ تاﺮﺛا و هﺪﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ هرود ﻦـﻳا رد ار ﻪـﻳور
دﺮﻛ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ناﺮﺒﺟ .
ﺎﻨﻣ ﻊﺑ
1- Bazargan-Lari M.R., Kerachian R., and Mansoori A. 2009. A conflict-resolution model for the conjunctive use of surface and groundwater resources that considers water-quality issues: a case study. Environmental Management, 43:470–482.
2- Delavar M., Moghadasi M., and Morid S. 2011. A real-time model for optimal water allocation in irrigation systems during droughts. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ASCE.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000440.
3- Heidari S. 2012. Quantitative simulation of groundwater source of Qale-Tol plain in different scenarios for agricultural uses by PMWIN Model. M.Sc. Thesis of Irrigation and Drainage. Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Pp:150. (in Persian with English abstract)
4- Huang J., Ridoutt B.G., Chang X., Zheng H., and Chen F. 2012. Cropping pattern modifications change water resource demands in the Beijing metropolitan area. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 11(11):1914-1923.
5- Karamouz M., and Araghinejad S. 2008. Drought mitigation through long-term operation of reservoirs: case study.
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 134: 471-478.
6- Karamouz M., Mohammad Rezapour Tabari M., and Kerachian R. 2007. Application of genetic algorithms and artificial neural networks in conjunctive use of surface and groundwater resources. Journal of Water International.
32(1):163-176.
7- Kresic N. 1997. Quantitative solutions in hydrogeology and ground water modeling. CRC Press LLC. Pp: 115.
8- Lalehzari R. 2008. The effect of wastewater recharge on nitrate distribution in Shahrekord aquifer using MT3D model. M.Sc. Thesis of Irrigation and Drainage, Shahrekord University Pp, 130. (in Persian with English abstract) 9- Lalehzari R. 2015. Optimal allocation of surface and groundwater resources to cropping pattern in Baghmalek
plain by multi-objective planning based on non-dominated sorting algorithm. Ph.D. Thesis of Irrigation and Drainage, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Pp: 250. (in Persian with English abstract)
10- Lalehzari R., Tabatabaei S.H., and Kholghi M. 2013. Simulation of nitrate transport and wastewater seepage in groundwater flow system. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 10:1367-1376. DOI 10.1007/s13762-013-0213-4.
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ﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﺑﺎﻳزرا ﺖﺷد ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز بآ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻜﺸﺧ يﺎﻫ
...
549
Evaluating the Impact of Drought Stresses on Groundwater System in Bagh- Malek Plain by Discharge Pattern Changes
R. Lalehzari1*- S. Boroomand Nasab2 – H. Moazed3 – A. Haghighi4 Received: 15-01-2014
Accepted: 21-10-2014
Introduction: Groundwater is the largest resource of water supplement and shortages of surface water supplies in drought conditions that requires an increase in groundwater discharge. Groundwater flow dependson the subsurface properties such as hydraulic gradient (water table gradient or head loss in artesian condition) and hydrodynamic coefficients. The flow treatment is analyzed with an accurate estimation of effective parameters in groundwater equation. This function is obtained using the continuous equation. Inlet and outlet flows of a cell are equal to storage amounts in the continuous equation. Analytical solution of this equation is complex, so numerical methods are developed including finite element and finite difference methods. For example, Feflow is a groundwater modeling tool that makesuse of finite element method (Reynolds and Marimuthu, 2007).
Modflow as a finite difference three-dimensional model simulated underground flow under steady and unsteady conditions in anisotropic and non-homogeneous porous media. Modflow is designed to simulate aquifer systems in which saturated-flow conditions exist, Darcy’s Law applies, the density of groundwater is constant, and the principal directions of horizontal hydraulic conductivity or transmissivity do not vary within the system. In Modflow, an aquifer system is replaced by a discretized domain consisting of an array of nodes and the associated finite difference blocks. Groundwater modeling and water table prediction by this model have the acceptable results, because many different informations of water resource system are applied. Many people and organizations have contributed to the development of an effective groundwater monitoring system, as well as experimental and modeling studies (Lalehzari et al., 2013). The objective of this paper is investigation of hydraulic and physical conditions. So, a numerical model has to be developed by PMWIN software for Bagh-i Malek aquifer to calculate hydrodynamic coefficients and predict water table in the future.
Materials and Methods: Bagh-i Malek aquifer located in Khuzestan province is mainly recharged by inflow at the boundaries, precipitation, local rivers and return flows from domestic, industrial and agricultural sectors.
The discharge from the aquifer is through water extraction from wells, springs, and qanats as well as groundwater outflow and evapotranspiration. In this study, conceptual model of Bagh-i Malek aquifer on the framework of finite difference numerical approach has been used in simulating groundwater flow treatment.
Water table data of 8 piezometers was collected for the 10 year duration from 2002 to 2012. The study years are divided into 40 seasonal stress periods with daily time step. Hydraulic conductivity, specific yield and recharge were calibrated in these periods. Verification was made between the simulated and measured hydraulic heads in the next calibration year.To simulate the groundwater table elevation in this study area, the PMWIN model is used. Bagh-i Malek aquifer is considered as a single layered aquifer, and therefore only the horizontal hydraulic conductivity is estimated. Modflow was used to simulate both steady state and transient flow systems. In steady conditions it is assumed that the total of time simulation is a time period and it does not change inlet data in the modeling duration. In unsteady conditions,the duration of study is divided into some stress periods that data is changed in every period.
Results and Discussion: Estimation of hydraulic conductivity is the first step of calibration process at steady state conditions. The correct assignment of hydraulic conductivity has a main effect on other parameters accuracy. Hydraulic conductivity mapping indicated that the maximum values are in the Eastern North (6-7 m/day) of the aquifer. The twice calibrated parameter is specific yield in unsteady conditions. Specific yield mapping indicated that the values vary from 0.03 to 0.08 and are maximum in the Southern regions of the plain similar to hydraulic conductivity. The results confirm that the flow model has the tolerable simulation accuracy by variances of 3.1 and 3.84 in calibration and verification processes, respectively. The sensitivity of the flow
1 - Ph.D. Student, and Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran 2- Professor of Irrigation and Drainage Department, Faculty of Water Science Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
(* - Corresponding Author Email: [email protected])
3- Professor of Environment Department, Faculty of Water Science Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz 4- Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz ﺪﻠﺟ 29
، هرﺎﻤﺷ 3 ، دادﺮﻣ رﻮﻳﺮﻬﺷ– 1394
، ص . 550 - Vol. 29, No. 3, Jul.-Agu. 2015, p. 539-550 539
model to decreasing the hydraulic conductivity is more than increasing it. 50 percentage declined into the hydraulic conductivity causes the increase of the variance from 3.1 of initial value to 44.
Conclusions: Mapping of calibrated hydraulic conductivity showed that the Eastern North of aquifer has the higher transmissivity and discharge capability in comparison to Southern parts. At last, the result show that the Bagh-i Malek aquifer model is sensitive to recharge, hydraulic conductivity and specific yield, respectively.
Keywords: Calibration, Finite difference, Hydrodynamic coefficients, Simulation