BCC Model in Data Envelopment Analysis; Performance Evaluation Index of Sports boards in Mazandaran Province
Hasan Eshaghi Kenari1 , Mohammad Hami2
1. Department of Sport Management, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. E-mail: [email protected] 2. Corresponding Author, Department of Sport Management, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. E-mail:
Article Info ABSTRACT
Article type:
Research Article
Article history:
Received:
17 June 2021 Received in revised form:
18 August 2021 Accepted:
23 August 2021 Published online:
16 November 2022
Keywords:
BCC Pattern, Budget
Data Envelopment Analysis, Performance,
Championship Sports
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of active spots boards in Mazandaran province using the BCC model.
Methods: From the paradigm perspective, the present study is a meta-proof research, quantitative approach, in terms of applied purpose and technique used in data envelopment analysis. The statistical population of this study included 30 active boards in Mazandaran province. The instrument used was a five-valued questionnaire and evaluated in the form of a fuzzy method. The content and face validity of the questionnaire were approved by the focus group of the research, including supervisors and consultants and two experts in the field of sports management in the form of CVR and CVI.
Results: Finally, experts including 30 heads of sports delegations of Mazandaran province, international coaches of the province and sports champions of the country commented on the importance of each of the input and output indicators. In the years 2016 to 2020 in the BCC model of "budget" input, played a greater role in determining the efficiency of staffs.
Conclusion: The results showed that in 2016, 2017 and 2018, the output of
"championship sports" played a greater role in determining the efficiency of the staffs. In 2019 and 1398, the output of "public sports" had a greater role in the efficiency of the staffs. By eliminating these outputs, the average efficiency of staffs had been further reduced. Also, the results of Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between staffs outputs and staffs BCC efficiency.
Cite this article: Eshaghi Kenari, H., & Hami, M. (2022). BCC model in data envelopment analysis; Performance evaluation index of sports boards in Mazandaran province. Sport Management Journal, 14 (3), 251-271.
DOI:http://doi.org/10.22059/JSM.2021.325266.2743
© The Author(s). Publisher: University of Tehran, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health.
Introduction
Efficiency is a managerial concept that has been existed in management science for years and shows how an organization has used its resources in production in relation to the best performance at a point in time. Efficiency is one of the key indicators of performance evaluation, which can be measured as a result of continuous evaluation of units. The concept of efficiency can be defined in different methods, depends on the information that a specific unit needs and the type of activity that is implemented in it, the purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of active sports boards in Mazandaran province using the BCC model.
Methods
From the paradigm perspective, the present study is a post- positivism research, quantitative approach, in terms of purpose applied and the technique was used is data envelopment analysis. The statistical population of this study included 30 active sports boards in Mazandaran province.
The instrument used was a five-valued questionnaire and evaluated in the form of a fuzzy method. The content and face validity of the questionnaire were approved by the focus group of the research, including supervisors and consultants and two experts in the field of sports management in the forms of CVR and CVI. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient formula, the reliability coefficient was 0.90, which indicated the reliability of the questionnaire was appropriate. After analyzing the questionnaire using the fuzzy method, suitable inputs and outputs (higher than 0.7) were identified in order to determine the efficiency of sports boards in Mazandaran province. In the following, Anderson and Peterson's ranking model (993) was used in data envelopment analysis to rank sports boards of the province, and to determine the most effective and favorable input and output on the efficiency of Mazandaran sports boards, sensitivity analysis in DEA was used.
Results
The importance coefficient in the input indices showed that the budget index with an importance coefficient of 0.9286 is the most important, after that the staff index with an importance coefficient of 0.8524 and the sports per capita index with an importance coefficient of 0.8060. Regarding the input indicators, "staff", "budget" and "sports per capita", it should be noted that the indicator component of the input indicators was actually the same. The results related to the efficiency of Mazandaran sports boards based on the BCC model in 2015- 2019 showed that the sports boards of skating, basketball, taekwondo, table tennis, swimming, football, sailing, karate, kabaddi, wrestling, martial arts and Woshu had sufficient efficiency. In the model of BCC in the years 2015, 2016 and 2017, the output of "championship sports" had a role in determining the amount of efficiency of
removing these outputs, the average efficiency of the boards can be further reduced. Correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between the average input of the boards and the average efficiency of the boards in the BCC model. Also, in order to explain the relationship between the average outputs of the boards and the average efficiency of BCC of these boards, Pearson's correlation test was used. The correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between the average output of the boards and the average efficiency of the boards in the BCC model.
Conclusion
The results showed that in 2016, 2017 and 2018, the output of "championship sports" played a greater role in determining the efficiency of the staff. In 2019, the output of "public sports" had a greater role in the efficiency of the staff. By eliminating these outputs, the average efficiency of staffs has been further reduced. Also, the results of Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between staff outputs and staff BCC efficiency.The results of this research showed the most influential input variable of
"budget" on the efficiency of sports boards of Mazandaran province, which should be taken into consideration by the General Directorate of “Sports and Youth “of Mazandaran, federations and provincial boards. Since this input plays an important role in the efficiency of the Mazandaran sports board, more attention to this input and providing more and better financial resources and better use of the "budget" can improve the efficiency of boards in presenting sport services.
Mazandaran sports boards by planning to get more financial resources and better use of the existing sports budget can achieve better results in relation to efficiency. More precise and better planning in order to provide financial resources through private and governmental sectors will lead to further development of sports in the province. At the end, according to the results of this research, it is suggested that more and more sports boards should pay more attention to the better and optimal use of the possible budget, which can improve the efficiency of the boards. Since this input plays an important role in the efficiency of the Mazandaran Sports Board, more attention to this input and providing more and better financial resources and better use of the "budget" can improve the efficiency of boards in presenting of sports services.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines: The authors of the article undertake that they have followed the ethical guidelines regarding the writing of this article.
Funding: The research was done without using financial resources Authors’ contribution: The contribution of the authors in this article has been equal. The responsible author is the of the author of the first position.
Conflict of interest: This research is academic research and has no conflict of interest with any other research, including real and legal research.
Acknowledgments: at the end, we express our appreciation and thanks to the head of the general department of sports and youth and the heads of the sports boards of Mazandaran province.
ا ﻮﮕﻟ ي ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ردBCC
ﯽ هداد زرا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ؛ﺎﻫ ﯾ
ﺑﺎ ﯽ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ
ﺷزرو يﺎﻫ ﯽ
نﺎﺘﺳا ﻣ نارﺪﻧزﺎ
ﯽﻗﺎﺤﺳا ﻦﺴﺣ رﺎﻨﮐ
ي
، 1
ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻣﺎﺣ ﯽ
2
1 هوﺮﮔ . ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﺷزرو ﯽ ، يرﺎﺳ ﺪﺣاو ، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺳ دازآ ، يرﺎﺳ :ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺎﯾار .ناﺮﯾا ، :
2 . ﻮﻧ ﯾ ﺪﻨﺴ ة ﺴﻣ ﺆ لو ، هوﺮﮔ ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﺷزرو ﯽ ، يرﺎﺳ ﺪﺣاو ، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد يرﺎﺳ دازآ ، يرﺎﺳ .ناﺮﯾا ، :ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺎﯾار : [email protected]
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا هﺪﯿﮑﭼ
:ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ عﻮﻧ ﻟﺎﻘﻣ
ﮥ ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ رد ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ : 27 /3 / 1400
:يﺮﮕﻧزﺎﺑ ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ 27
/5 / 1400
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ ﺬﭘ ﯾ شﺮ : 1/
6/
1400
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ رﺎﺸﺘﻧا : 25 /8 / 1401
ﺪﯿﻠﮐ هژاو :ﺎﻫ يﻮﮕﻟا
، BCC ﻪﺟدﻮﺑ
، ﻞﻠﯿﺤﺗ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ
،
ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
، ﻧﺎﻣﺮﻬﻗ شزرو ﯽ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻘﺤﺗ زا فﺪﻫ: ﯿ
ﻖ ﻌﺗ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا رد لﺎﻌﻓ BCC
ﺖﺳا . :ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ شور ﻘﺤﺗ
ﯿ ﻖ ادارﺎﭘ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ زا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﯾ
ﻢ ﻘﺤﺗ عﻮﻧ زا ﯿ تﺎﻘ تﺎﺒﺛااﺮﻓ ور ، ﯾ دﺮﮑ ﻤﮐ ﯽ
، زا ﺤﻟ ظﺎ ﮐ فﺪﻫ دﺮﺑرﺎ ي و
ﻨﮑﺗ ﯿ ﮏ ا درﻮﻣ ﻘﺤﺗ رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳ ﯿ
ﻖ ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ ﺖﺳ . ﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﮥ يرﺎﻣآ اﯾ ﻦ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ 30
تﺄﯿﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ رد لﺎﻌﻓ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ راﺰﺑا .دﻮﺑ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا ﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ
ﮥ ﺞﻨﭘ ﯽﺷزرا ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد و شور زﺎﻓ ي زرا ﯾﺎﺑ ﯽ ﺪﺷ . ر او ﯽﯾ ﻮﺘﺤﻣ ا رﻮﺻ و ي
ﻧﻮﻧﺎﮐ هوﺮﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﯽ
ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ نادﺎﺘﺳا ﺎﻤﻨﻫار روﺎﺸﻣ و نﺎﮔﺮﺒﺧ زا ﻦﺗ ود و زﻮﺣ
ة ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﯽﺷزرو رد ﺐﻟﺎﻗ
مﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ وCVR ﺗCVI ﯾﺄ ﺪﯿ ﺪﺷ .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎﻫ : ﺎﻬﻧ رد ﯾ ﺖ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ نﺎﮔﺮﺒﺧ و نﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ 30
زا ﻦﺗ رؤ ﺎﺳ ي تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا ﺑﺮﻣ ،نارﺪﻧزﺎ ﯿ
نﺎ ﺑﯿ ﻦ ﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﯽ
ﺷزرو نﺎﻧﺎﻣﺮﻬﻗ و نﺎﺘﺳا ﯽ
رﻮﺸﮐ صﻮﺼﺧ رد ، ﻤﻫا
ﯿ ﺖ زا ماﺪﮐ ﺮﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
يﺎﻫ دورو ي ﺟوﺮﺧ و ﯽ ا ﺮﻈﻧرﺎﻬﻇ ﺮﮐ رد .ﺪﻧد
لﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ 1394 ﺎﺗ 1398 رد ﻮﮕﻟا ي دورو BCC ي » ﻪﺟدﻮﺑ
«،
ﺶﻘﻧ ﺑﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ي رد ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﻣ ﯿ ناﺰ رﺎﮐ ﯽﯾا تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷاد
.ﺖﺳا ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ يﺮﯿﮔ : ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺞ ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ ﮐﺎﺣ ﯽ دﻮﺑ نآ زا رد لﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ 1394 ، 1395 و 1396 ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ » ﻧﺎﻣﺮﻬﻗ شزرو ﯽ
« ﺶﻘﻧ
ﺑﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ي رد ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﻣ ﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷاد رد .ﺖﺳا لﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ 1397 و 1398 ﻧﯿ ﺰ ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ » و ﻧﺎﮕﻤﻫ شزر ﯽ
« ﺶﻘﻧ
ﺑﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ي رد ﻣﯿ ناﺰ رﺎﮐ ا ﯽﯾ تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ فﺬﺣ ﺎﺑ .ﺖﺷاد اﯾ
ﻦ ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ ﺎﻫ ﻣ ﯿ ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺎﺑ ﺑﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ي ﻣ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺟاﻮ
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖﺳا ﯿ
ﻦ ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺞ نﻮﻣزآ ﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﯽ ﭘﯿ نﻮﺳﺮ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺑﯿ
ﻦ ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻣﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﯿﻫBCC تﺄ ﺎﻫ
طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺎﻨﻌﻣ راد .ﺖﺷاد دﻮﺟو
دﺎﻨﺘﺳا : يرﺎﻨﮐ ﯽﻗﺎﺤﺳا ،
ﻦﺴﺣ
؛ و ﯽﻣﺎﺣ ، ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ) 1401 .(
ا ﻮﮕﻟ ي ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ردBCC ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ زرا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ؛ ﯾﺑﺎ
ﯽ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا .
ﺮﺸﻧ ﯾ ﮥ
ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﺷزرو ﯽ ،) 3(
14 ، 251-271 .
2021.325266.2743
JSM.
/ 10.22059 DOI:http://doi.org/
ﺎﻧ :ﺮﺷ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ناﺮﻬﺗ ﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ة مﻮﻠﻋ ﺷزرو ﯽ و ﺘﺳرﺪﻨﺗ ﯽ . .نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﯾﻮﻧ©
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻣﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾﺘ ﯽ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﻘﺑﺎﺳ ﮥ ﻧﻻﻮﻃ ﯽ ﺪﻣ ﻢﻠﻋ رد ﯾﺮ
ﯾ ﺖ ) دراد ،هﺎﺟزوﺮﯿﻓ 2012
نﺎﺸﻧ و ( ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻫد دﻮﺧ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ زا ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭼ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻪﮐ
ﺎﺘﺳار رد ي ﻟﻮﺗ ﯿﺪ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﯾ
ﻦ ﻌﻄﻘﻣ رد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﯽ
هدﺮﮐ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا نﺎﻣز زا ) ﺖﺳا
،دﺎﻤﺣﻮﺑ و زﻮﻧآ 2019
.(
ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ زا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ ﻠﮐ ﯿﺪ ي
زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ رد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺘﻧﯿ
ﺠ ﮥ زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺴﻣ ﺮﻤﺘ ﺪﺣاو ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ،ﺎﻫ ) دﻮﺑ
،ﺎﻣرﺎﺷ و ﻦﯿﻣا 2017
مﻮﻬﻔﻣ .(
ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ
ﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﯽ ﻧ نآ ﻪﺑ صﺎﺧ ﺪﺣاو ﻪﮐ ﯿ
زﺎ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ عﻮﻧ و دراد ﯿﺘ
ﯽ ،ﺖﺳا لﻮﻐﺸﻣ نآ رد ﻪﮐ ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ شور يﺎﻫ ﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﯽ ﺮﻌﺗ ﯾ ﻒ دﻮﺷ ) و نﻮﺳرﺪﻧآ
،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ 2012
ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ رد .(
شور يﺎﻫ ﺘﻨﺳ ﯽ ﺴﺑ ﯿ رﺎ ي اﺮﺑ ي ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺷاد دﻮﺟو ﻪﮐ ﺖ ﺐﻠﻏا ﺴﺑ ﯿ رﺎ ﺖﻗو ﺮﯿﮔ ﻏ و ﯿ ﻞﺑﺎﻗﺮ ،دﻮﺑ ﺎﮑﺗا
اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﯾ ﻦ شور يﺎﻫ ﻏ ﯿﺮ ﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﯾﮑ ﯽ رد ةﺪﺳ جاور ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ
ﻠﺤﺗ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ نآ زا ﻪﮐ ﯿ
ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ ﯾ دﺎ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ا و ﯾ ﻦ شور ﯾ ﮏ
ﻤﺨﺗ شور ﯿ
ﻦ ر ﯾ ﺿﺎ ﯽ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﯽﻣ ﻮﺷ د ) ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﺮﮑﻧﺎﺑ 1984
.(
لﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺴﺑ ﯿ رﺎ ي اﺮﺑ ي زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧراد دﻮﺟو ﺪﯾﺎﺑ
ﯾ ﮑ ﯽ
زا ﺎﻬﻧآ ار اﺮﺑ ي ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ) دﺮﮐ ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و سورﺎﺑ 2010
زرا .(
ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ و دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ هوﻼﻋ ﺮﺑ
اﯾ ﻪﮑﻨ ﻌﺿو ﯿ ﺖ ار نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ زا
ظﺎﺤﻟ ﻫﺎﻓر ﯽ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺪﺸﺨﺑ
، ﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﯿ ﺖ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ . ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯿ ﻦ ار نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ زا
ظﺎﺤﻟ
آرد يﺪﻣ دﺎﺼﺘﻗا و ي ﺴﻣ رد ﯿﺮ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻫد ) ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و تﻮﻠﺑ 2016
( ؛ رد ﺎﻣا ﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ ﺴ ﮥ ﺑﯿ ﻦ ﻤﻫ ﮥ شور ﺎﻫ ، ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗو ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ
هداد ﺎﻫ ) اﺮﺑ (DEA
ي ﻫﺪﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﯽ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗو هداد ﺎﻫ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﯾ ﻦ شور ﺖﺳا ، اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﯾ ﻦ ﺑﯿDEA
ﺶ ﺎﺳ زا ﯾﺮ زرا رد ﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ﯾﺑﺎ
ﯽ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻣ ﺷ ﻮد و ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺷور ﯽ اﺮﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ي
ﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ ﺴ ﮥ ﺎﻫﺪﺣاو ي ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﯽﻣ
دﻮﺷ ) ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و تﺎﻬﺑ 2019
.(
زاDEA
ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻣ ﺪﻨﻤﺗرﺪﻗ ﯾﺮ
ﯾﺘ ﯽ راﺰﺑا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ي
ﺘﺧا رد ﯿ رﺎ ﺪﻣ ﯾ ناﺮ راﺮﻗ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻫد ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺘﺑ ﺎﺗ ﻪﺑ
ﻠﯿﺳو ﮥ ﺎﺳ لﺎﺒﻗ رد ار دﻮﺧ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ نآ ﯾﺮ
و ﺪﻨﻧز ﮏﺤﻣ ﺎﺒﻗر سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺞ اﺮﺑ نآ ي هﺪﻨﯾآ يا ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ يﺮﯿﮔ ) ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و تﺎﻬﺑ 2019
ﻠﺤﺗ .(
ﯿ ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ ور ﯾ دﺮﮑ
» ﺖﻬﺟ يﺮﯿﮔ هداد
« اﺮﺑ ي زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ يا مﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﺪﺣاو زا ﺪﻨﭼ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا DMUs
ﯾ ﻦ دورو ي ﺪﻨﭼ ﻪﺑ ار ﯾ
ﻦ ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ ﺪﺒﺗ ﯾ ﻞ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ ) ،ﺎﮕﯿﭘﺎﮐ 2009 ﻘﺤﺗ هﺪﻤﻋ .(
ﯿ تﺎﻘ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
ﺑ ﻌﺿو دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻪ ﯿ
ﺖ دﺎﺼﺘﻗا ي رد ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ
ﺎﻫ هرﺎﺷا ) ﺪﻧراد ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﺰﻧرﺎﭼ
1978 .(
ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗو ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﯾ ﮏ ر ﻪﺑ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ شو
ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ ، ﻢﺸﭼ يزاﺪﻧا اﺮﺑ ار ي نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ وﺪﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ ﻪﮐ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ
ﺎﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﯾ
ﺐ اﺰﻣ و ﯾﺎ ي دﻮﺧ ﺎﻘﻣ ﯾ ﺴ ﮥ ﺘﺳرد ﯽ ﻪﺘﺷاد ) ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﻦﭼ ،ن
1992 .(
ﯾﮑ ﯽ زا لﺪﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﺰﻧرﺎﭼ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و1
) 1978 اﺮﺑ ( ي شور ﻓﺮﻌﻣ DEA
ﯽ هﺪﺷ
، لﺪﻣ ﺖﺳاBCC
. لﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺸﮔزﺎﺑ نﺎﮑﻣا BCC
ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا يﺎﻫ ﻘﻣ ﯿ سﺎ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ار ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻧزﺎﺳ ؛
اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﯾ ﻦ لﺪﻣ ﻐﺘﻣ ﻪﺑ BCC
ﯿﺮ ﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺸﮔزﺎﺑ ﯿ
سﺎ ) ﻧ (VRS
ﯿﺰ ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ لﺪﻣ زا و ﺎﻤﺘﻣ CCR
ﯾﺰ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ زا ﻪﮐ نآ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ لﺪﻣ
ﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺸﮔزﺎﺑ ﯿ
سﺎ ) هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا (CRS
ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ) ،ﯽﻠﯾﺎﺑ و ﻦﺳﻼﮐ 2017
ا .(
ﯾ ﻦ ﻧﺎﻣز لﺪﻣ ﯽ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ
ﻘﻣ رد ﺎﻫﺪﺣاو ﯿ
سﺎ ﻬﺑ ﯿ ﻪﻨ رﺎﮐ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻨﻓ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار و ﯽ
هزاﺪﻧا ار ﯽﻣ ﺪﻧﺮﯿﮔ ﻢﻫ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻨﻓ ﯽ ﻘﻣ ﻢﻫ و ﯿ سﺎ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ار ﺺﻟﺎﺧ ﯽﻣ
دﻮﺷ ) ،اﻮﻠﯿﺳ و اﺰﻣ 2008
ﻨﻓ هدزﺎﺑ .(
ﯽ ﺧ ﺺﻟﺎ
ﺪﺒﺗ رد هدزﺎﺑ ﯾ
ﻞ دورو ي ﺟوﺮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﯽ نﺎﺸﻧ ار ﯽﻣ ﺪﻫد
، ﯽﻟﺎﺣرد ﻪﮐ ﻘﻣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﯿ
سﺎ ﺑﯿ ﺮﮕﻧﺎ اﯾ ﻦ آ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯾﺎ
ردDMU
زاﺪﻧا ة رﺎﮐ دﻮﺧ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ ، ﻪﺑ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﮐ ﻐﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﮔﺮﻫ ﯿﯿ
ﺮ رد زاﺪﻧا ة نآ ﺐﺒﺳ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺪﺣاو ) دﻮﺷ
،نﺎﺑﺎﺷ و ﺪﯾﺎﺴﻟا 2017
ﺴﻘﺗ شزرا .(
ﯿ ﻢ ﻘﻣ ﯿ سﺎ ﺴﻘﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯿ ﻢ هدزﺎﺑ
ﺺﻟﺎﺧﺎﻧ ﻨﻓ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺎﺑ ﯽ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد ﯽﻣ ﺪﯾآ . ﺎﺑ ﻦﯾا لﺎﺣ ، ﺖﯾدوﺪﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ صﺎﺧ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ
دﻮﺷ ﻘﻣ زا رود ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫDMU
ﯿ سﺎ ﻬﺑ ﯿ ﻪﻨ رﺎﮐ
.ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺎﻫﺪﺣاو زا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ي
ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ هﺪﻧﺮﯿﮔ زا ﺖﺳا ترﺎﺒﻋ ﯾ
ﮏ ﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺪﺣاو ﯽ
ﯾﺎ ﯾ ﮏ دﺮﻓ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ اﺰﺠﻣ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ي
مﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﯾﺎ ﺋر ﯿ ﺲ ﯾﺎ
ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ هرادا ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ
، ﻪﺑ طﺮﺷ ا ﻪﮑﻧآ ﯾ ﻦ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﯾﺎ ﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺪﺣاو ﯽ
اراد ي اﺮﻓ ﯾ ﺪﻨ ﺳ ﯿ ﺘﺴ ﯽﻤ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ، ﯾ ﻨﻌ ﯽ داﺪﻌﺗ ي ﻟﻮﺗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﯿﺪ
هرادا ﺪﺣاو نآ رد
ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ) ،ﮓﻧﺎﯾ و داﮋﻧزوﺮﻣا 2018
زرا ﺮﻈﻧ زا شزرو .(
ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺪﺟ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ هراﻮﻤﻫ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ي
و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻢﯿﺗ
ﺎﻫ زﺎﺑ ، ﯾ
،نﺎﻨﮑ هﺎﮕﺷﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ و
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺎﺑ شور يﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻪﺒﺗر يﺪﻨﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ . رد ﻦﯿﻋ لﺎﺣ ﻧد لﻮﺻا شزرو ﯿﺎ
ي ﭙﮐ ار ترﺎﺠﺗ ﯽ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ زا و ﻪﺒﻨﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨ زﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯾ
،نﺎﻨﮑ ﺑﺮﻣ ﯿ
،نﺎ ﺪﻣ ﯾ ناﺮ قﻮﻘﺣ ماﺪﻣ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ و ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻧﺮﯿﮔ
، يزﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ و شزرو ﺎﻫ ﺪﺒﺗ ﺪﻧﺮﺑ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﯾ
ﻞ هﺪﺷ ﺪﻧا ، ناراداﻮﻫ
ﺮﺘﺸﻣ ي ﮕﺘﺴﺑاو و ﯽ نﺎﺸﻧ شزرو ﻪﺑ ار دﻮﺧ ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻨﻫد ﺶﺨﺑ و ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯽ شزرو رد ﺲﯿﺳﺄﺗ
ﻌﺑﺎﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﯽ
ﺷزرو دﺎﺼﺘﻗا زا ﯽ
ﺪﺒﺗ ﯾ ﻞ
ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ) ،ﯽﮑﺳاﺪﻧﺎﺳ و ﻒﻨﯿﮔﺮﯿﮔ 2008
.(
تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﻠﺤﻣ ﻊﻗاو رد ﯽ
اﺮﺑ ي رد نارﺎﮑﺷزرو ﺖﮐرﺎﺸﻣ يراﺬﮕﺘﺳﺎﯿﺳ
يﺎﻫ ﻠﻣ شزرو ﯽ ﻧﯿ ﺰ
بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ) ،ﺮﺘﯾد و سﺎﻫ 2003
.(
نﻮﯿﺳارﺪﻓ ﺎﻫ
و تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﻪﻧ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻟﻮﺘﻣ ﯽ ﺳ ﺖﺳﺎﯿ ﺎﻫ ﻧاﻮﻗ ، ﯿ ﻦ ﺷزرو تارﺮﻘﻣ و ﯽ
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ دﻮﺧ
،
1. Charnes
ﻪﮑﻠﺑ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ يﺎﻫ رﺎﺠﺗ ي ور ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﯾ
ﺎﻫداﺪ ي ﺷزرو ﻢﻬﻣ ﯽ
ﺎﻫدادراﺮﻗ و ي
رﺎﺠﺗ ي ﻧ ار ﯿﺰ ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ) ،ﻮﻠﻣ و ﻮﯿﺴﯿﻨﺑ 2019
ﮔدﺎﺳ .(
ﯽ ﻢﻬﻓ
اﺮﺟا و ي ﺳو دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ و ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻗد نآ رﺎﻨﮐ رد وDEA
ﯿﻊ ﻣز رد نآ ﯿ ﻪﻨ - ﺎﻫ ي ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ز نا
ﯾ دﺎ ي ا زا ﯾ ﻦ اﺮﺑ شور ي
ﺖﺳد ﯾ ﻦﺘﻓﺎ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا دﻮﺧ فاﺪﻫا ﻪﺑ ) ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
،ﻦﯾدرﺎﺟ 2009 اﺮﺑ .(
ي يزﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ي ﭙﻤﻟا ﯿ ﮏ عﻮﻧ ود ﻦﺗآ ﻪﺒﺗر
يﺪﻨﺑ ﺳ اد و اﺰﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯿ
اﻮﻠ
1 ) 2008 (
ﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ
؛ رد ﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﮥ لوا ﺎﻬﻧآ ﺮﻫ ﺘﺷر ﮥ ﺷزرو ﯽ ار ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد و ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﮥ
ﻤﻫا ،مود ﯿ ﺖ ﻠﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ار شزرو ﺮﻫ ﻞ
ﺖﮐﺮﺷ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ور ﺮﻫ رد ﯾ داﺪ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ ﺪﻣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار .ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﯾﺮ
ﯾﺘ ﯽ 8 ﺗ ﯿ ﻢ لﺎﺒﺴﯿﺑ هﺮﮐ يا ﻟ ،ﮓﻧﺎﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯽ
ﺳ و ﯿ ﮓﻧﻮﻬ
2 ) 2007 اﺮﺑ ( ي ﻞﺼﻓ
2004 ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﺪﺷ . ﺎﻬﻧآ ﺘﻧ ﯿ ﻪﺠ ﺑ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﯿ
ﻦ ﻢﯿﺗ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑﯿ لﺎﺒﺴ ﺮﺴﮐ هﺮﮐ ي
ﻟﺎﻣ ﯽ وﺎﻧودار .دراد دﻮﺟو ناراداﻮﻫ رﻮﻀﺣ مﺪﻋ و ﯾ
ﭻ و3
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ) 2013 ( ارﺎﮐ ﯽﯾ 26 زﺎﺑ ﯾ ﻦﮑ رد ار NBA
ﺼﻓ لﻮﻃ ﻞ 12 - 2011 ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا ﻟﺎﻧآ وDEA
ﯿﺰ ) رود هار زا (DBA
هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ دﺮﮐ ﺪﻧ .
ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺞ زﺎﺑ مﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯾ
نﺎﻨﮑ ردNBA
دوﺪﺤﻣ ة ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ زا 70 ﺎﺗ 116 ﺪﺻرد راﺮﻗ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد و 7 ﯾزﺎﺑ ﻦﮑ اراد ي ﺮﻤﻧ ة ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺑﯿ ﺶ زا 100
ﺪﺻرد ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﻪﮐ هدزﺎﺑ ﯽﻌﻗاو نﺎﺸﻧ ار ﯽﻣ ﺪﻧداد ﺎﻧاﻮﺗ . ﯽﯾ
، ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛا و ﯽ ﻢﯿﺗ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑﯿ ﺴ ﻟ لﺎﺒ ﯿ ﮓ لﺎﺳ زا ﺮﺗﺮﺑ 1901
ﺎﺗ 2002 ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﺋﻮﻟ ﯿ
،ﺲ نﻮﺘﺴﮑﺳ و كﻻ
4 ) 2009 شور زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ( ﻤﺨﺗ DEA
ﯿ ﻦ ﺘﻧ .ﺪﺷ هدز ﯿ
ﻪﺠ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺎﻬﻧآ اﯾ ﻦ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽ
رد رﻮﻀﺣ
ﻢﯿﺗ ﺎﻫ رد زﺎﺑMLB
ي ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ ﻣ . ﯿ ﻞﭽ ) ﺰﻟو و 2012 ﻠﺤﺗ ( ﯿ ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ د هدا ﺎﻫ اﺮﺑ ار ي أر ي زﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ نداد ﯾ
نﺎﻨﮑ ﺑﯿ ﺴ ﻫﺎﺸﻣ رﻻﺎﺗ لﺎﺒ ﯿﺮ
) (HOF
لﺎﺳ زا ﻪﮐ 1876
ﺎﺗ 2009 ﻟ رد ﯿ ﮓ ﻠﺻا ﯽ زﺎﺑ ي هدﺮﮐ ﺪﻧا ﺎﺘﻧ .ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ لﺎﻤﻋا ، ﯾ
ﺞ دوﺪﺣ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯾ
ﮏ ﺎﻀﻋا مﻮﺳ ي
ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺎﺑHOF
ﯾﺪ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
زﺎﺑ ﯾ نﺎﻨﮑ ﻪﺘﺴﯾﺎﺷ يﺮﺗ .دﻮﺷ فﺬﺣ هوﻼﻋ
ا ﺮﺑ ﯾ
،ﻦ اﺮﺑ ي زﺎﺑ جرد ﯾ نﺎﻨﮑ رد د ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ،HOF
ارآ ﺪﺻر ﺎﺑ ﯾﺪ 81 ﺪﺻرد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﯽﻟ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
) 2015 ود زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ( ﻠﺣﺮﻣ
ﮥ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ،DEA
85 ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ﻪﮐ ار رﻮﺸﮐ 1
رد لاﺪﻣ يزﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ي ﭙﻤﻟا ﯿ ﮏ ﺗ ﻧﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎ ﯽ 2012 ﺐﺴﮐ نﺪﻨﻟ هدﺮﮐ
ﺪﻧا
،
ﯾزرا ﺑﺎ ﯽ ) ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ 25 دﺎﺼﺘﻗا نﺎﻣﺪﻧار .(
ي 48 ﺎﭘورا هﺎﮕﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﯾ
ﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯿ ﻧﻮﺗﺎ ﯿ ﻦ و ) نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ 2016
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ( ﻠﺤﺗ زا
ﯿ ﻞ ﭘ ﻮ ﺸﺷ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ و
نآ تﺎﻗﺎﺤﻟا لﺪﻣ
يﺎﻫ قﻮﻓ هدﺎﻌﻟا ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ و ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ ﺎﺘﻧ .ﺪﺷ ﯾ ﺞ ﺮﺗﺪﻨﻤﺗوﺮﺛ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯾ
ﻦ هﺎﮕﺷﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻟد ﯿ ﻞ ﺳﺮﺘﺳد ﯽ ﻪﺑ
ﻤﻫ ﮥ ،ﺪﻣآرد ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و تﺎﻘﺑﺎﺴﻣ رﺎﮐ
ا ﺮﺗﺪﻣ تﺎﻫﺎﺑ .ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ )
2019 رﺎﻬﻇا ( دﺮﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺮﺘﻬﺑDEA
ﯾ ﻦ ﺷ ﯿﻮ ة زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ رد شزرو ا و ﺖﻬﺟ و ﺖﺳ
ﺴﻣ ﯿﺮ اﺮﺑ ار ﺎﻫرﺎﮐ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ي
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نﺎﻐﻣرا ﻪﺑ ﯽﻣ
دروآ ) ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و تﺎﻬﺑ 2019
.(
ﻢﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ تﺄﯿﻫ
يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نﺎﺘﺳا ﺎﻫ ا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ و رﻮﺸﮐ رد شزرو شﺮﺘﺴﮔ و ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ رد ﯾ
ﻦ ﻧ ﺎﻌﻓ ﻪﮐ ﻪﺘﮑ ﻟﯿ
ﺖ و
ﻪﯾﺎﻣﺮﺳ يراﺬﮔ ،شزرو رد ﻪﯾﺎﻣﺮﺳ
يراﺬﮔ اﺮﺑ ي اﯾ ﻦ و ﻞﺴﻧ ﻧ ﻞﺴ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻌﺑ ي ا و ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ،ﺖﺳا ﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﻧﺎﮑﻣ
ﯽ ﺘﺧا رد ﯿ رﺎ ﻫ تﺄﯿ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ
نﺎﺘﺳا ﺎﻫ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ
، رد ﺎﻣا زﻣ ﯿﻨ ﮥ و ﺶﺠﻨﺳ هزاﺪﻧا
يﺮﯿﮔ ﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﯽ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻦﯾا زا ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ و نﻮﻨﮐﺎﺗ تﺎﻧﺎﮑﻣا ﺑﻪ
ترﻮﺻ ﺘﻨﺳ ﯽ ﺑﺮﺠﺗ و ﯽ
و ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﻤﻋ ﯾ
ﮏ ﺳ ﯿ ﻢﺘﺴ دﺎﻬﻧ ﯾ ﻪﻨ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ و هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ ﺎﮐ ﯽﯾار دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ و ﻫ
تﺄﯿ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نﺎﺘﺳا ﺎﻫ .دراﺪﻧ دﻮﺟو ﺎﺑ
ﺎﻇو و فاﺪﻫا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﯾﻔ
ﯽ هﺪﻬﻋ ﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ
يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نﺎﺘﺳا ﺎﻫ ،ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻬﻧ دﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ة ﺤﺻ ﯿ ﺢ ﺎﮐ و را ﺪﻣ ﺎﻬﻧآ زا ﺘﺧا ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ صﺎﺼ
هداد هﺪﺷ ﻤﻫا ﯿ ﺖ اﺰﺴﺑ ﯽﯾ دراد ، ﻦﯾازا ور ا رد ﯾ ﻦ فاﺪﻫا و ﺖﻟﺎﺳر ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ تﺄﯿﻫ
يﺎﻫ زرو ﺷ ﯽ ﺑا ،نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ اﺪﺘ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ
هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ دﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ و هﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ه
ﻠﺤﺗ شور زا ﯿ
ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ د هدا ﺎﻫ ، ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ
ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺳرﺮﺑ ،نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ﯽ
ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ؛ اﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﯾ ﻦ ﺎﺑ دراد ﺪﺼﻗ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ ﻦﯿﯿﺒﺗ
ﻌﺗ و ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
، زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ا
ﻮﮕﻟ ي ر ﯾ ﺿﺎ ﯽ ﺗ ﺤ ﻠﯿ ﻞ
ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ ، ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ﺳرﺮﺑ ار ﯽ و ﻣ ﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﺪﻨﮐ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ار .
زا ﺎﺠﻧآ ﻪﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺪﻨﭼ زا نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ﯾ
ﻦ دورو ي هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هدﺮﮐ و ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ يﺎﻫ ﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﯽ ار ﺑﻪ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺷزرو تﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﯽ
و ﯿﺑﺮﺗ ﺖ ﻧﺪﺑ ﯽ
ﻪﺋارا ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻠﺤﺗ شور زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ، ﯿ
ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ اﯾ ﻦ تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ ﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ شور ، ﯽ
ﺖﺳا .
ﻪﺑ دراد ﺪﺼﻗ ﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ،هﺪﺷﺮﮐذ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺶﺳﺮﭘ
يﺎﻫ ز ﯾﺮ ﺪﻫد ﺦﺳﺎﭘ :
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ • يﺎﻫ دورو ي ﺟوﺮﺧ و ﯽ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ
؟ﺪﻨﻣاﺪﮐ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ
آﯾﺎ • تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﺪﻣآرﺎﮐ ﻞﻤﻋ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻣ . ﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ اﯾ ﻦ تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ
؟ﺖﺳا هزاﺪﻧا ﻪﭼ
1. Meza & da Silva
2. Kang, Lee & Sihyeong
3. Radovanović
4. Lock & Sexton
ﻪﺒﺗر • تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ زا نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ﯿ
ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
؟ﺖﺳا ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭼ
بﻮﻠﻄﻣ • ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﺛﺄﺗ) ﯿ ﺮﺗراﺬﮔﺮ ﯾ ﻦ ( يدورو ﺎﻫ و ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ يﺎﻫ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ
؟ﺪﻨﻣاﺪﮐ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا
آﯾﺎ • ﺑﯿ ﻦ يدورو ﺎﻫ و ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ يﺎﻫ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ﻣ ﺎﺑ ن ﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ نآ ﺎﻫ
؟دراد دﻮﺟو طﺎﺒﺗرا
شور ﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﯽ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ
ا زا فﺪﻫ ﯾ
ﻦ ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗو ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ BCC
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نﺎﺘﺳا رد لﺎﻌﻓ
نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ دﻮﺑ
ﻘﺤﺗ . ﯿ ﻖ ادارﺎﭘ ﺮﻈﻨﻣ زا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﯾ
ﻢ ﻘﺤﺗ عﻮﻧ زا ﯿ
تﺎﻘ اﺮﻓ تﺎﺒﺛا اﺮﮔ ور و ﯾ ﺮﮑ د ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ ﻤﮐ ﯽ ا .ﺖﺳا ﯾ ﻦ ﺗ ﻘﺤ ﯿ ﻖ زا ﻟ ظﺎﺤ فﺪﻫ
دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ي ﻨﮑﺗ و ﯿ ﮏ درﻮﻣ ﻘﺤﺗ رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯿ
ﻖ ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ ﺿﺮﻓ عﻮﻧ .ﺖﺳ ﯿ
تﺎ ا رد ﯾ ﻦ ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﺻﻮﺗ ﯿﻔ ﯽ و ﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﯽ ا .ﺖﺳ
ﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﮥ رﺎﻣآ ي ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ 30
تﺄﯿﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا رد لﺎﻌﻓ هداد
ﺎﻫ ي اﯾ ﻦ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻃ
ﺮﯾ ﻖ ﺎﺳؤر ي ﯿﻫ تﺄ ﺎﻫ ﻊﻤﺟ يروآ
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ فﺪﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ .ﺪﺷ هداد
ﺎﻫ ي طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ يﺎﻫ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ زﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا رد لﺎﻌﻓ رد نارﺪﻧ
لﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ 1394 ﺎﺗ 1398
ﻊﻤﺟ يروآ ا رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ راﺰﺑا .دﻮﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ و ﺪﺷ ﯾ
ﻦ ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ ﻊﻗاو رد ﻪﮐ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
يﺎﻫ يدورو ﺎﻫ ﻫﺎﻣ) ﯿ ﺖ ﺰﻫ ﯾ ﻪﻨ ﺟوﺮﺧ و ( ﯽ
اد هد ﺎﻫ ﻫﺎﻣ) ﯿ ﺖ ﻟﻮﺗ ﯿﺪ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ار (
، ﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﮥ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺷزرا ﯽ و زﺎﻓ شور ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ي
زرا ﯾﺑﺎ ﯽ ﺪﺷ . ﻮﮔ ﯾﻪ و ﺎﻫ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﺎﻫ ي ﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﮥ ﺤﺗ ﻘﯿ ﻖ ﻪﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ
ﺎﻇو حﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﯾ
،ﻒ يدورو ﺎﻫ و ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﻫ ﯿﺄ ت ﺎﻫ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﺪﺷ
زا ﺲﭘ و ﺗﯾﺄ
ﺪﯿ اور ﯽﯾ ﻮﺘﺤﻣ ا ﺮﻫﺎﻇ و ي ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد مﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ و CVR CVI
ﻧﻮﻧﺎﮐ هوﺮﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯽ
ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ نادﺎﺘﺳا ﺸﻣ و ﺎﻤﻨﻫار روﺎ
زا ﻦﺗ ود و نادﺎﺘﺳا
زﻮﺣ ة ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺗ ﯾﺄ ﺪﯿ ﺪﺷ رد . ﻧ ﺎﻬ ﯾ ﺖ اﯾ ﻦ ﮐ نﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ 10 زا ﻦﺗ ﺎﺳؤر ي تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ و تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﯽ
، 10 ﺑﺮﻣ زا ﻦﺗ ﯿ
نﺎ ﺑﯿ ﻦ ﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﯽ ﺎﺘﺳا رد و نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ن 10
ﺎﻧﺎﻣﺮﻬﻗ زا ﻦﺗ ن
ﺷزرو ﯽ ﮕﻤﻫ ﻪﮐ) نﺎﺘﺳا ﯽ
اراد ي ﺼﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻼ ت رد برﺎﺠﺗ و ﻣز
ﯿﻨ ﮥ ﺪﻣ ﯾﺮ ﯾ ﺖ ﺷزرو ﯽ
،(ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ صﻮﺼﺧ رد ﻤﻫا
ﯿ ﺖ ﮐ ﺮﻫ زا ماﺪ ﺷ ﺺﺧﺎ يﺎﻫ
دورو ي ﺟوﺮﺧ و ﯽ ﺮﻈﻧرﺎﻬﻇا .ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ
ﺪﺑ ﯾ ﻦ ا رد ﻪﮐ ترﻮﺻ ﯾ
ﻦ ﺷ ﺎﺗ دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺳاﻮﺧ نﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ زا ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺼﺧﺎ
ﯽ ار ﮐ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪ آ
ﺎﻬﻧ ﻢﻬﻣ دﻮﺑ
ﻧ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ رد و ﯿ
هﺪﻣﺎ
،دﻮﺑ .ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺮﮐذ ﯾ
ﻪﺘﻓﺎ ﺎﻫ ي اﯾ ﻦ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻃ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ
ﯿ ﻒ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻘﻣ ﯿ ﺳﺎ ﯽ زﺎﻓ ي رد زﺎﺑ ة 0 - 1 ﻣ شور و ﯿ
ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ زﺎﻓ ي
زدﺎﺟﻮﺑ ﯾ ﻒ ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻞ ) ﺪﺷ ﻞﮑﺷ 1 .(
ﻞﮑﺷ 1 . زﺎﻓ ي ادز ﯽﯾ ﻣ ﯿ ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ زﺎﻓ ي زدﺎﺟﻮﺑ) ﯾ
،ﻒ 1381 (
ﻞﮑﺷ 2 . ﻃ ﯿ ﻒ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻘﻣ ﯿ ﺳﺎ ﯽ زﺎﻓ ي رد زﺎﺑ ة 0 - 1 ) نﺎﻣاﺮﻫﺎﮐ
، 2007 (
ﻣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ زا ﺲﭘ ﯿ
ﻧاﺪ ﯽ و ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﮐ ا ي اﺮﺑ ي ﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﯽﯾ ﻠﮐ ﯽ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ ﻧ درﻮﻣ ﯿ زﺎ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نﺎﺘﺳا
،نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ دورو ي ﺟوﺮﺧ و ﯽ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﯿﮔ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺮﻈﻧ زا ،نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا يﺎﻫ
30 زا ﺮﻔﻧ
و نﺎﺼﺼﺨﺘﻣ ﺐﺣﺎﺻ
ناﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺘﺷر ﺎﻫ ي ﺷزرو ﯽ ا ﻪﺑ .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯾ
ﻦ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﮥ ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ ي دورو ي ﺟوﺮﺧ و ﯽ هدﺎﻣآ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ
ﻫاﻮﺧﺮﻈﻧ ﺎﺑ و ﺪﺷ ﯽ
ا زا ﯾ ﻦ ﺎﻬﻧآ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗو ،ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
يﺎﻫ دورو ي ﺟوﺮﺧ و ﯽ اﺮﺑ ي ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﻣ ﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ
ﺎﭘ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا ﯾﺎ
ﯽﯾ ﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻣﺎﻨ
، ﻌﺗ لﻮﻣﺮﻓ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯿﯿ
ﻦ ﺮﺿ ﯾ ﺐ ﺎﻔﻟآ ي ﺮﺿ ،خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﮐ ﯾ
ﺐ ﺎﭘ ﯾﺎ ﯽﯾ 90 /0 ﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻪﺒ ﺷ ﺪ ﻪﮐ
نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻨﻫد ة ﺎﭘﯾ ﺎ ﯽﯾ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا زا ﺲﭘ .دﻮﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
ﺎﻫ ، ﮏﭼ ﻟﯿ ﺖﺴ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻊﻤﺟ
يروآ هداد ﺎﻫ ي تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ نﺎﺘﺳا
مﺎﺠﻧا زا ﺲﭘ و ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻣآ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ﮕﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ
ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﻮﺠﻣ ﺐﺴﮐ و مزﻻ ز
زا رادا ة ﻪﺑ ،نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا نﺎﻧاﻮﺟ و شزرو ﻞﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ
يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ
ﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﺷ لﺎﺳرا نار
ﮏﭼ ﻟﯿ ﺖﺴ ﺎﻫ ي ﻤﮑﺗ ﯿ ﻞ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ تﺄﯿﻫ
ﺎﻫ ي ﺷزرو ﯽ اﺮﺑ نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا ي
ﻮﮕﻟا رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ي
ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻞ
ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ شزرا اﺪﺘﺑا رد .ﺖﻓر رﺎﮐ -
راﺬﮔ ي اﺮﺑ مزﻻ ي ﻐﺘﻣ ﯿ ﺎﻫﺮ ﯽﯾ اراد ﻪﮐ ي ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺪﻨﭼ
، ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا
هداد ﺎﻫ ﻮﮕﻟا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ي
ﺳﺎﺳا ﯽ
BCC
ﻠﺤﺗ شور رد ﯿ
ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ
(DEA)
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﮥ ﻣ ﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ يﺎﻫ ﺷزرو ﯽ
ﻮﮕﻟا .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ي
BCC
ﻮﮕﻟا ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ي
CCR
ﺖﺳا
، ﻟو ﯽ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﻞﮑﺷ رد ﯽ
دوﺪﺤﻣ نآ ﯾ
ﺖ
∑_(j=1)^n▒〖λj=1〗
ﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﯾ ﺮ
ﺖﯾدوﺪﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻮﮕﻟا ي
CCR
ﺘﻧ رد و ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﯿ
ﻪﺠ ﺑﺮﻀﻣ ﻞﮑﺷ رد ﯽ
ﻧ نآ ﯿﺰ ﻐﺘﻣ ﯿ ﺎﻫﺮ ي دوﺪﺤﻣ نآ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻇﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﯾ
ﺖ ﻮﮕﻟا ﻪﺑ ي ﻪﻓﺎﺿا
ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ . ﯿ
دﻮ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﻮﮕﻟا رد هﺪﺷ ي
، BCC
ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ رد ﻞﺻﺎﺣ
BCC
ﺑﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ زا ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻮﮕﻟا رد ي
CCR
ﺖﺳا . ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ﻠﮐ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ناﻮﺗ
ﻪﮐ ﺖﻔﮔ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
CCR
ﻫ ﯿ ﭻ ﺖﻗو زا ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
BCC
ﺑﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ﻧﯿ
،ﺖﺴ ﻦﯾازا ور ﺮﮔا ﯾ ﮏ ﺪﺣاو ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ هﺪﻧﺮﯿﮔ
(DMU)
در ﻮﮕﻟا ي
CCR
ارﺎﮐ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
،
ًﺎﻤﺘﺣ ﻮﮕﻟا رد ي
BCC
ﻧﯿ ﺰ ا ﺲﮑﻋ ﺎﻣا ،دﻮﺑ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ارﺎﮐ ﯾ
ﻦ ﻧ قدﺎﺻ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﯿ
ﺖﺴ )1 .(
ﺲﭘ زا ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗو ﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ زﺎﻓ شور زا هدﺎﻔ
ي
، يدورو ﺎﻫ و ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﻣ ﺎﺑ) ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﯿ
ناﺰ ﻤﻫا ﯿ ﺖ زا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ 7/
0 ( ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﻣ ﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻫ ﯿﺄ ت ﺎﻫ ي ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا ﻌﺗ نارﺪﻧز ﯿﯿ ﻦ داﺪﻌﺗ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يدورو
ﺎﻫ ) 3 دورو ي و ( ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ يﺎﻫ ) 6 ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ ﺑ ( ﻪ اﺮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓررﺎﮐ ي
ﻠﺤﺗ شور ﯿ
ﻞ ﺷﻮﭘ ﺸ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺟﻮﺗ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪ ﺎﻫﺪﺣاو
ي درﻮﻣ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﺎﺑ و ﺪﺷ دوﺪﺤﻣ ﯾﺪ
زا ﺪﻋﺎﻗ ة زﯾ ﺮ ﻌﺒﺗ ﯿ ﺖ ﺪﻨﮐ
، ﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﯿ ﻦ ﻟد ﯿ ﻞ دﺪﻋ 7/
0
ﺎﺗ ﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ
ﺮﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ ﻮﮕﻟا رد ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧور رﺎﮐ .
} يدورو ﺎﻫ + ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ ﺎﻫ
*{
3 داﺪﻌﺗ<
DMU ( ﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﺪﺣاو
ﯽ )
{3 + 6}*3 >
داﺪﻌﺗ
DMU (31
نﺎﺘﺳا (
27 > 31
زا ﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺠﻧآ ﯽ
يدورو ﺎﻫ و ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ اراد ﻮﮕﻟا رد ﻪﺘﻓررﺎﮐ ي
ﻫ شزرا و ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺮ
د ﺢﻄ ﯾ ﺮﮕ ﻔﺗ توﺎ
،ﺖﺷاد ﻦﯾازا ور زا ﺲﭘ ﻊﻤﺟ يروآ هداد ﺎﻫ ، ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ شزرا راﺬﮔ ي ﻐﺘﻣ ﯿ ﺎﻫﺮ زا ﻃ ﯿ ﻒ ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﺳ ﻘﻣ ﯿ ﺳﺎ ﯽ و ﺞﻨﭘ ﻘﻣ ﯿ ﺳﺎ ﯽ رد زﺎﺑ ة 0 ﺎﺗ 10 .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﻃ ﯿ ﻒ ﺎﻫ ي زﺎﻓ ي رد ار هزﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ي ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻣ ﯽ ناﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ رﺎﮐ دﺮﺑ
، ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا زﺎﺑ ة 0 ﺎﺗ 1 اﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ي ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻞ ﺮﻈﻧ يﺎﻫ و ﻦﭼ) ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا نﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ
،ﮓﻧاﻮﻫ 1992
؛ ،نﺎﻣاﺮﻫﺎﮐ 2007
(.
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﯿ ﻦ زﺎﺑ ة 0 ﺎﺗ 10 ﻪﮐ ا رد ﯾ ﻦ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺶﺨﺑ ﺪﺷ
) ﯾﻪ
، 2000 اﺮﺑ .(
ي ا مﺎﺠﻧا ﯾ ﻦ زﺎﻓ داﺪﻋا زا اﺪﺘﺑا رﺎﮐ ي
ﻣﯿ ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ ا زا ماﺪﮐ ﺮﻫ ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﯾ
ﻦ ﻣ ﯿ ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ ﺎﻫ رد هداد ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد ﻫ زا هﺪﻣآ ﯿﺄ
ت ﺎﻫ ي ﺷزرو ﯽ ارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا ﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ) ن
نﺎﻤﻫ ﻪ
ا ﺲﭙﺳ و بﺮﺿ (ﺢﻄﺳ ﯾ
ﻦ ﺎﻬﻧ دﺪﻋ و ﺪﺷ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑ داﺪﻋا ﯽﯾ
ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ زا ماﺪﮐ
يدورو ﺎﻫ و ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳد
لوﺪﺟ ﺎﻫ ي 1 و 2 ﻣ ، ﯿ ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ ﺎﻓ داﺪﻋا ز ي ﻃ ﯿ ﻒ ﻪﺳ ﻘﻣ ﯿ ﺳﺎ ﯽ و ﺞﻨﭘ ﻘﻣ ﯿ ﺳﺎ ﯽ رد ار زﺎﺑ ة 0 ﺎﺗ 10 نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻫد .
لوﺪﺟ 1 . ﻒﯿﻃ ﻪﺳ يزﺎﻓ ﯽﺳﺎﯿﻘﻣ رد
ةزﺎﺑ 0 ﺎﺗ 10
ﺢﻄﺳ يزﺎﻓ دﺪﻋ
يزﺎﻓ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ
ﻢﮐ )
4 ، 3 ، 0 ، 0 ( 8
/ 1
ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ )
8 ، 5 ، 2 ( 5
دﺎﯾز )
10 ، 10 ، 8 ، 6 ( 3
/ 8
لوﺪﺟ 2 ﻒﯿﻃ . ﺞﻨﭘ رد يزﺎﻓ ﯽﺳﺎﯿﻘﻣ زﺎﺑ
ة 0 ﺎﺗ 10
ﺢﻄﺳ يزﺎﻓ دﺪﻋ
يزﺎﻓ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ
ﻢﮐ ﯽﻠﯿﺧ )
3 ، 0 ، 0 ( 1
ﻢﮐ )
5 ، 3 ، 0 ( 6/
2
ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ )
7 ، 5 ، 3 ( 5
دﺎﯾز )
10 ، 7 ، 5 ( 3
/ 7
دﺎﯾز ﯽﻠﯿﺧ )
10 ، 10 ، 7 ( 9
ﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻪﻣادا رد ﯿ
ﻦ ﻮﮕﻟا زا ي ﻪﺒﺗر يﺪﻨﺑ ﭘ و نﻮﺳرﺪﻧا ﯿ
نﻮﺳﺮﺘ ) 1993 ( ﻠﺤﺗ رد ﯿ ﻞ ﺸﺷﻮﭘ ﯽ هداد ﺎﻫ اﺮﺑ ي ﻪﺒﺗر يﺪﻨﺑ ﻫ ﯿﺄ ت ﺎﻫ ي ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺘﺳا نﺎ
اﺮﺑ و نارﺪﻧزﺎﻣ ي
ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﺛﺄﺗ ﯿ ﺮﺗراﺬﮔﺮ ﯾ ﻦ و بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ دورو ي ﺟوﺮﺧ و ﯽ ﻣ رد ﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ ي ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺎﻣ نﺎﺘﺳا زا نارﺪﻧز نﻮﻣزآ
ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻞ ﺣ ﺳﺎﺴ ﯿ ﺖ رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳاDEA
) ﺪﺷ ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و نﻮﺳرﺪﻧا 2012
.(
ﯾ ﻪﺘﻓﺎ ﺎﻫ ي ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ
ﺲﭘ زا ﺰﺠﺗ ﯾﻪ ﻠﺤﺗو ﯿ ﻞ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا شور زﺎﻓ ي
، ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﻣﯿ ناﺰ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ
، دورو ي ﺎﻫ و ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ
ﻣﯿ ناﺰ ﻤﻫا ﯿ ﺖ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ زا 7/
0 بﺎﺨﺘﻧا .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ نﻮﭼ داﺪﻌﺗ دورو ي ﺎﻫ و ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﻓررﺎﮐ اﺮﺑ ي ﻮﮕﻟا ﺎﺑ ﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺎﻫﺪﺣاو ي درﻮﻣ
ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ دوﺪﺤﻣ ﻣ ﯽ ﺷ دﻮ و ﺎﺑﯾ ﺪ زا ﺎﻗ ﻋ ﺪ ة زﯾ ﺮ ﻌﺒﺗ ﯿ ﺖ ﺪﻨﮐ
، ﻪﺑ ﻤﻫ ﯿ ﻦ ﻟد ﯿ ﻞ دﺪﻋ 7/
0 بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺪﺷ ﺎﺗ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺮﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ رد ﻮﮕﻟا ﻪﺑ رﺎﮐ .ﺪﻧور
لوﺪﺟ 3 ﺎﺘﻧ ﯾ ﺞ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ زا ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ 29 ﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﮥ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ يﺎﻫ نﺎﮔﺮﺒﺧ ار رد درﻮﻣ دورو ي ﺎﻫ و ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ ﻢﻬﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻫد .
لوﺪﺟ 3 . يدورو ﺎﻫ و ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ يﺎﻫ زا ﻢﻬﻣ نﺎﮔﺮﺒﺧ هﺎﮔﺪﯾد
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ ﯽﺟوﺮﺧ و يدورو داﺪﻌﺗ
ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺎﻫ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ناﺰﯿﻣ
ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ
ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ
ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ
يدورو ﺎﻫ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ
21 5
2 1
0 8524
/ 0
ﻪﺟدﻮﺑ 27
2 0
0 0
9286 / 0
ﮥﻧاﺮﺳ ﯽﺷزرو 17
7 3
2 0
8060 / 0
ﺟوﺮﺧ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ﯽﻧﺎﮕﻤﻫ شزرو
19 7
2 1
0 8476
/ 0
ﯽﻧﺎﻣﺮﻬﻗ شزرو 22
4 2
1 0
8726 / 0
شزرو ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ا ي 5
7 7
5 5
5214 / 0
ﯽﺷروﺮﭘ شزرو 1
8 7
5 8
4238 / 0
ﯽﺷزرو شزﻮﻣآ 12
15 1
1 0
8250 / 0
ﯽﺷزرو ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ 11
11 2
3 2
7143 / 0
ﯽﺷزرو يﺎﻫداﺪﯾور 18
7 3
1 0
8321 / 0
تﺄﯿﻫ ﺎﻫ ي لﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﺷزرو 16
5 2
5 1
7214 / 0
رد ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﺐﯾاﺮﺿ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
يﺎﻫ نﺎﺸﻧ يدورو ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻫد ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟدﻮﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ 9286
/0 ﻢﻬﻣ ﺮﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ نآ زا ﺲﭘ و
ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ﺎﺑ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ 8524
/ 0 ﺺﺧﺎﺷ و ﻧاﺮﺳ
ﮥ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺷزرو 8060
/0 .ﺪﻧراد راﺮﻗ درﻮﻣ رد
ﺎﺷ ﺺﺧ ﺎﻫ ي دورو ي
،نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ،
و ﻪﺟدﻮﺑ ﻧاﺮﺳ ﮥ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺎﺑ ﯾﺪ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺷاد ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻣ
ﺆ ﻔﻟ ﮥ ﺑﯿ نﺎ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ اﺮﺑ ي ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ ي دورو ي ﺧ ﻊﻗاو رد .دﻮﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ نﺎﻤﻫ دﻮ
اﺮﺑ ي ﺺﺧﺎﺷ لﺎﺜﻣ
دورو ي ﺺﺨﺸﻣ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺎﺑ نﺎﻨﮐرﺎﮐ ﻣ
ﯽ ﺪﺷ
، ﻪﺑ ﻤﻫ ﯿ ﻦ ﻟد ﯿ ﻞ ﻧﯿ زﺎ ي ﻪﺑ ﺑﯿ نﺎ ﻪﻔﻟﺆﻣ اﺮﺑ ي اﯾ ﻦ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ .دﻮﺒﻧ
