The Effect of Resistance Training Along with Hawthorn Supplementation on Some Indices of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Male Rats
Samaneh Paknia1 , Mohammad Ali Samvati Sharif2 , Dr Ali Heidarianpour3
1.Department of Sports Physiology,Faculty of Humanities, University College of Omran_Toseeh, Hamedan, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
2. Corresponding Author, Department of Sports Physiology. Faculty of Humanities, University College of Omran_Toseeh, Hamedan, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]
3.Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University. Hamedan, Iran.
E-mail: [email protected]
Article Info ABSTRACT
Article type:
Research
Article history:
Received:
29 August 2021 Received in revised form:
3 December 2022 Accepted:
3 December 2022 Published online:
21 December 2022
Keywords:
Alzheimer's rats, resistance exercise, hawthorn supplement, serum oxidative stress indicators
Introduction: Background and purpose: Alzheimer's disease has an increasing prevalence.
Amyloid-beta deposition and neurotoxicity play an effective role in Alzheimer's disease.
Oxidative stress is thought to play a major role in pathogenesis, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species and causing damage to macromolecules in target cells. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of twelve weeks of resistance training along with hawthorn supplementation on some oxidative stress indicators in the serum of Alzheimer's male rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of six. Healthy control, Alzheimer's control, Alzheimer's disease under resistance training, Alzheimer's disease under resistance training with hawthorn supplement consumption, and Alzheimer's disease with hawthorn supplement consumption were divided.
Resistance training was for 12 weeks and 5 days a week in the form of climbing a one-meter long ladder with weights attached to the rats' tails. The weight attached to the tail of each animal reached 50-60% in the first week and 140-150% of the mice's weight in the last weeks. The group receiving the supplement received the mixture of hawthorn powder with the standard food of mice at a ratio of 6.25% of hawthorn powder. 24 hours after the last training and supplementation intervention, the rats were unconscious and serum levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde were determined by ELISA method.
Results: Resistance training, especially when taking hawthorn supplements, led to a significant increase (P = 0.002) in the serum level of glutathione peroxidase compared to other groups. However, there was no significant change in the serum level of superoxide dismutase enzyme, total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in the experimental and control groups.
Conclusion: Exercises lead to the reduction of beta amyloids in Alzheimer's disease, but exercise can also lead to oxidative stress and the subsequent production of lipid peroxidation by increasing the production of oxidative species (ROS) and RNS, which can be a therapeutic supplement. It reduces oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, although this depends on the type, intensity and period of activity.
Cite this article: Paknia S., Samvati Sharif MA., & Heidarianpour A. The effect of resistance training along with hawthorn supplementation on some indices of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's male rats. Journal of Sport Biosciences. 2022;
14 (3): 81-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22059/jsb.2022.347813.1550
© The Author(s). Publisher: University of Tehran, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health.
Introduction
Studies have shown that exercise has a different effect on the production of free radicals and oxidative stress damage. Also, most studies have reported the reduction of oxidative stress and its damage following the use of natural plants. Therefore, The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training and natural antioxidants (Hawthorn) on Oxidative stress indicators in Alzheimer's male rats.
Methods
For this purpose, Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of six : (i) Healthy Control, (ii)
(iv) Alzheimer's + Hawthorn , and (v) Alzheimer's + Resistance training + Hawthorn.
Climbing with a weight from a ladder one meter long with 26 steps and an angle of 85 degrees to the ground for a period of 5 days/week for 12 consecutive weeks was considered as the resistance training model in our study.To feed the hawthorn branch, to the rats receiving the supplement, (for a period of 12 weeks), the hawthorn branch after separation from the stem and leaves of this plant, with a special device for spice mill, mill and then its powder in a ratio of 6.25% with powdered food Standard rats were mixed. The mixture was then made into a dough and molded into a pastry mold and dried by a pastry mold.
Table 1.
Results
One day after the end of the training protocol, blood samples were taken from the inferior vein of rats to evaluate the indicators (superoxide dismutase enzyme, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde).
Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and one- way ANOVA test and then Tukey post hoc test with a significance level of p≤0.05.The results showed that, There was a significant increase in the serum level of glutathione peroxidase enzyme compared to other groups (P=0.002).
However, there was no significant change in the serum level of superoxide dismutase enzyme (P = 0.129), total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.156) and malondialdehyde (P = 0.498) in the control and experimental groups in the Alzheimer's rats.
Conclusion
Therefore, it may propose a potential role of resistance training and natural antioxidants as an adjuvant therapy for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's complications.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines: The present study was Conducted following ethical principles.
Funding: The research was done without using financial resources.
Authors’ contribution: every author contributes to the research equally.
Conflict of interest: No conflict of interest is declared.
Acknowledgments: Thanks to the management of animal model exercise physiology laboratory of Bo Ali Sina University and Mrs.
Leila Vasali Akbarpour.
Groups
Healthy control Alzheimer's control Alzheimer's+hawthorn Alzheimer's+resistance Alzheimer's+resistance+hawthor
Superoxide dismutase (U/ml)
Glutathione peroxidase (nmol/ml)
Total antioxidant capacity
) mmol/ml (
Malon Di Alde (nmol/min/ml)
M SD M SD M SD M SD
108.03 14.97 0.46 0.38 0.83 0.04 0.07 0.0002
126.1 15.01 0.40 0.03 0.92 0.12 0.07 0.0002
63.52 12.27 0.64 0.15 1.06 0.30 0.07 0.0004
52.28 12.19 0.57 0.07 1.16 0.09 0.07 0.0001
47.14 11.22 0.55 0.11 1.15 0.37 0.07 0.0008
ﺮﻤﺗ ﺮﺛا ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﯽ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ
ي ﺴﮐا سﺮﺘﺳا ﯿ
ﺗاﺪ ﯿ ﻮ شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ي
اﺰﻟآ ﺮﻧ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي
ﻪﻧﺎﻤﺳ كﺎﭘ ﻧﯿ ﺎ ،1
ﻠﻋﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﯽ ﺗاﻮﻤﺳ ﯽ ﺮﺷ ﯾ ﻒ
2
،
ﻠﻋ ﯽ ﺣ ﯿ ﺪ رﯾ نﺎ رﻮﭘ
3
1 هوﺮﮔ . يژﻮﻟﻮﯾﺰﯿﻓ
،ﯽﺷزرو ﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ة مﻮﻠﻋ
،ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﻪﺴﺳﺆﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﯽﻟﺎﻋ ناﺮﻤﻋ و ناﺪﻤﻫ ،ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ
، ناﺮﯾا
.
:ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺎﯾار hoo.com samaneh.paknia@ya
2 . ﻮﻧ ﯾ ﺪﻨﺴ ة ﺴﻣ ﺆ لو
، يژﻮﻟﻮﯾﺰﯿﻓ
،ﯽﺷزرو ﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ة مﻮﻠﻋ
،ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﻪﺴﺳﺆﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﯽﻟﺎﻋ ناﺮﻤﻋ و ناﺪﻤﻫ ،ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ
، ناﺮﯾا
.
:ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺎﯾار [email protected]
3 هوﺮﮔ . ﯽﺷزرو يژﻮﻟﻮﯾﺰﯿﻓ
،
ﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ة مﻮﻠﻋ ﺷزرو ﯽ ، ﻠﻋﻮﺑ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽ ﺳ ﯿ ﺎﻨ،
ناﺪﻤﻫ
، ا ﯾ ناﺮ :ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺎﯾار . [email protected]
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا هﺪﯿﮑﭼ
:ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ عﻮﻧ ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ رد ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ : 07 / 06 / 1401
:يﺮﮕﻧزﺎﺑ ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ 12
/ 09 / 1401
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ ﺬﭘ ﯾ شﺮ : 12 / 09 / 1401
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ رﺎﺸﺘﻧا : 30 / 09 / 1401
ﺪﯿﻠﮐ هژاو :ﺎﻫ
ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ
،
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ ي سﺮﺘﺳا ﯿﺴﮐا ﺗاﺪ ﯿﻮ
ﻣﺮﺳ ﯽ
، ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ
،
شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي :ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ﺷ ﯿ عﻮ ﻧوﺰﻓازور ﯽ ﻣآ بﻮﺳر .دراد ﯿ
ﺋﻮﻠ ﯿﺪ ﺎﺘﺑ ﻤﺳ و ﯿ ﺖ ﺒﺼﻋ ﯽ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ ي رد ار ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي آ اﺰﻟ ﯾ ﺮﻤ اﯾ ﺎﻔ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ رﻮﺼﺗ . ﻣ ﯽ دﻮﺷ سﺮﺘﺳا ﻪﮐ ا
ﯿﺴﮐ ﺗاﺪ ﯿﻮ ﻠﺻا ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽ رد ار ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي از ﯽﯾ ﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ دراد ﻟﯿ
ﺪ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﺴﮐا ﯿ نﮋ ﻓ و لﺎﻌ
اﯾ دﺎﺠ ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺎﻫ ﯽﯾ ﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣوﺮﮐﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ ل
ﺎﻫ رد لﻮﻠﺳ ﺎﻫ ي فﺪﻫ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻣ ﯽ دﻮﺷ ﻘﺤﺗ . ﯿ ﻖ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﺮﺛا 12 ﻪﺘﻔﻫ
ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﯽ
زا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ ي سﺮﺘﺳا ﯿﺴﮐا ﺗاﺪ ﯿﻮ رد ﺳ مﺮ شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ي ﺮﻧ
اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا
:ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ شور رد
اﯾ ﻦ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﯽ ، 30 شﻮﻣ ﺮﺳ اﺮﺤﺻ ﯽﯾ داﮋﻧ ﺮﻧ وﯾ رﺎﺘﺴ ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﯽ ﭘ رد هوﺮﮔ ﺞﻨ
ﺶﺷ ﺎﺗ ﯽﯾ
؛ اﺰﻟآ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ،ﻢﻟﺎﺳ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯾ
ﺮﻤ ي
، اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي ﺖﺤﺗ ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ
، اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي ﺮﻤﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺎﻘﻣ ﺘﻣو ﯽ ﺮﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ها
اﺰﻟآ و ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ ﯾ
ﺮﻤ ي ﻪﺑ ﺴﻘﺗ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﯿ
ﻢ ﺮﻤﺗ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﯾ ﻦ ﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﺘ ﯽ ﺑ تﺪﻣ ﻪ 12 ﻪﺘﻔﻫ و 5
و ﻪﺘﻔﻫ رد زور ﻪﺑ
ﻻﺎﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻦﺘﻓر
زا ﯽﻧﺎﺑدﺮﻧ لﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﯾ ﮏ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ،ﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﻧزو
ﺎﻫ ي مد ﻪﺑ ﻞﺼﺘﻣ شﻮﻣ
ﺎﻫ دﻮﺑ . ﻧزو ﮥ ﻞﺼﺘﻣ
ﻪﺑ مد ﺮﻫ ﯿﺣ ناﻮ رد ﺘﻔﻫ ﮥ لوا 50 ﺎﺗ 60 رد و ﺪﺻرد ﻪﺘﻔﻫ
ﺎﻫ ي ﺎﭘ ﯾﻧﺎ ﯽ ﻪﺑ 140 ﺎﺗ 150 ﺻرد نزو ﺪ شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﯿﺳر ﺪ هوﺮﮔ .
رد ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ اﺬﻏ ﺎﺑ ار ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ردﻮﭘ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ،ﻞﻤﮑﻣ ي
دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ 6 / 25 ﺪﺻرد ﭘ ردﻮ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﯾرد ﺖﻓﺎ .ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ
24 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﺲﭘ ﺮﺧآ زا ﯾ ﻦ ﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﮥ ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ،ﻞﻤﮑﻣ و شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺑ ﯽ شﻮﻫ ﻣﺮﺳ حﻮﻄﺳ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﯽ
ﺴﮐاﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﯿﺪ ﯾد
،زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴ
ﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﯿ نﻮ ﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ
،زاﺪ ﻓﺮﻇ ﯿ ﺖ ﯽﺘﻧآ ﯿﺴﮐا ﻧاﺪ ﯽ نﻮﻟﺎﻣ و مﺎﺗ يد
ﯿﻫﺪﻟآ ﺪ ﻻا شور ﻪﺑ ﯾ
اﺰ ﻌﺗ ﯿﯿ ﻦ ﺷ .ﺪ
ﯾ ﻪﺘﻓﺎ ﺎﻫ : ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﻪﺑ وﯾ هﮋ اﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ،ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ نﺎﻣز رد ﯾ
ﺶ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ) 002 /0 ﻄﺳ (P = ﻣﺮﺳ ﺢ ﯽ
ﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﯿ نﻮ ﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ زاﺪ ﺎﻘﻣ رد ﯾ ﻪﺴ ﺎﺑ هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي د ﯾ ﺮﮕ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻐﺗ ﺎﻣا .ﺪﺷ ﯿﯿ ﺮ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ي ﺳ رد ﻣﺮﺳ ﺢﻄ ﯽ ﻧآ ﺰﯾ ﻢ ﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﯿﺴﮐا ﺪ
ﯾد
،زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴ ﻓﺮﻇ ﯿ ﺖ ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ مﺎﺗ ﺴﮐاﺮﭘ و ﯿ ﺳاﺪ ﯿ نﻮ ﻟﯿ ﭙﯿ ﺪ ي رد هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﯽ ﺘﻨﮐ و د لﺮ ﯾ هﺪ .ﺪﺸﻧ
ﺘﻧ ﯿ ﻪﺠ ﮔﯿ ﺮ ي : ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ تﺎﻨ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺘﺑ
ﯿﻣآ ﺋﻮﻠ ﯿﺪ ﺎﻫ ﺑ رد ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻣ ﯽ دﻮﺷ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺎﻣا ، ﯿ ﺖ و ﺷزر ﯽ ﻧﯿ ﺰ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﺮﻃ زا ﯾ ﻖ اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﺶ ﻟﻮﺗ ﯿﺪ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﺎﺴﮐا ﯾ ﺸ ﯽ ROS) و ﻪﺑ(RNS اﯾ دﺎﺠ سﺮﺘﺳا ﯿﺴﮐا ﺪ ﺗاﯿ ﻮ ﻟﻮﺗ و ﯿﺪ ﺪﻌﺑ ي
ﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﯿ ﺳاﺪ ﯿ نﻮ ﻟﯿ ﭙﯿ ﺪ ي ﻢﻫ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻧﺎﻣرد ﻞﻤﮑﻣ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ ﯽ
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ اﯾ ﻦ سﺮﺘﺳا ﯿﺴﮐا ﺗاﺪ ﯿﻮ اﺮﭘ و ﺴﮐ ﯿ ﺳاﺪ ﯿﻮ ن ﻟﯿ ﭙﯿ ﺪ ي ار
ا ﻪﺘﺒﻟا ،ﺪﻫد ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯾ
ﻦ ،عﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ قﺎﻔﺗا و تﺪﺷ
ةرود ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﺖ ﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﯽ .دراد
دﺎﻨﺘﺳا : كﺎﭘ ﺎﯿﻧ ، ﻪﻧﺎﻤﺳ
؛ ﺗاﻮﻤﺳ ﯽ ﺮﺷ ﯾ ﻒ ، ﯽﻠﻋﺪﻤﺤﻣ و ؛ ﺣﯿ رﺪ ﯾ نﺎ رﻮﭘ
، ﯽﻠﻋ ﺮﻤﺗ ﺮﺛا. ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ﺑ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﺧﺮﺑ ﺮ
ﯽ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ ي ﺴﮐا سﺮﺘﺳا ﯿ
ﺗاﺪ ﯿﻮ
شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ي اﺰﻟآ ﺮﻧ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي . ﺮﺸﻧ ﯽﺘﺴﯾز مﻮﻠﻋ ﯾﮥ ﺷزرو
ﯽ . 1401
؛) 3(
14
، 81-94 .
2022.347813.1550
jsb.
/ 10.22059 i.org/
https://do DOI:
ﺎﻧ ،ناﺮﻬﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد :ﺮﺷ ﺪﮑﺸﻧاد
ة ﯽﺷزرو مﻮﻠﻋ و
ﯽﺘﺳرﺪﻨﺗ . ﺴﯾﻮﻧ©
.نﺎﮔﺪﻨ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ زا1
ﻢﻬﻣ ﺮﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﻻد ﯾ ﻞ اﯾ دﺎﺠ اﺮﺷ) ﺲﻧﺎﻣد ﯾ
ﻄ ﯽ ﻪﮐ نآ رد ﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﯾ ﺮﮑﻔﺗ ، كرد ندﺮﮐ ﻪﺑ و ﯾ دﺎ ندروآ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯾ ﻪﺘﻓﺎ (ﺖـﺳا ﺖـﺳا .
ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ گرﺰﺑ اﺮﺑ ي بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻣ
ﯽ دﻮﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺑ ﻂﺑاور ﺮﺑ ﯿ
ﻦ دﺮـﻓ ي ﻋﺎـﻤﺘﺟا و ﯽ ﻧ ـﯿ ﺰ دراد ﺮـﺛا ) 1 .(
ا ـﯾ ﻦ ﺑﯿ رﺎـﻤ ي
ﻢﻬﻣ ﺮﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﻠﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻞ ةﺪﻧﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا ﺰﻐﻣ ﻪﮐ
ﻪﺑ ﺲﻨﺟ ود ﺮﻫ رد ﯾ
ﮏ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ دﯾ هﺪ ﻣ ﯽ دﻮﺷ
، وﯾ ـﮔﮋ ﯽ ﺎـﻫ ي ژﻮﻟﻮﺗﺎـﭘورﻮﻧ ﯾﮑ
ﯽ و ﻟﺎـﺑ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ﺑﯿ رﺎـﻤ ي
اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ كﻼﭘ ﺎﻫ ي ﻣآ ﯿ ﺋﻮﻠ ﯿﺪ ﺎﺘﺑ ،2
ﻪﻓﻼﮐ ﺎﻫ ي ﭘرﺎﻣ ﯿ ﭽ ﯽ و زا ﺖﺳد نداد لﻮﻠﺳ ﺒﺼﻋ ﯽ ﺖﺳا ) 1 .(
سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺪـﻨﺑ ي ر ﯾ ﺖـﺨ ـﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﯽ ود
ﻣآ كﻼﭘ عﻮﻧ ﯿ
ﺋﻮﻠ ﯿﺪ ي :دراد دﻮﺟو كﻼﭘ
ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﺘﺴﻫ - ﻢﮐاﺮﺘﻣ و3
كﻼﭘ ﺎﻫ ي هﺪﻨﮐاﺮﭘ
4 ) 2 زا .(
ﻢـﻬﻣ ﺮـﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺌﺗوﺮـﭘ ﯿ ﻦ ﺎـﻫ ﯽﯾ ا رد ﻪـﮐ ﯾ دﺎـﺠ اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮـﻤ
دراد ﺶﻘﻧ
، ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯿ ﻦ ﭘﯿ ﺶ زﺎﺳ ﯿﻣآ ﺋﻮﻠ ﯿﺪ ﺖﺳا ) 3 ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ بﻮﺳر و ﻊﻤﺠﺗ .(
ﯿ ﻦ ﯿﻣآ ﺋﻮﻠ ﯿﺪ رد ﺎﺘﺑ كﻼﭘ ﺎﻫ ي ﻣآ ﯿ ﺋﻮﻠ ﯿﺪ ي جرﺎﺧ ﻟﻮﻠـﺳ ﯽ ﻫ و ﯿ ﺮﻔـﺴﻓﺮﭙ ﯾ ﻪﻠ
ﺌﺗوﺮﭘ نﺪﺷ ﯿ
ﻦ وﺎﺗ
5 د ر ﻞﺧاد نورﻮﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ وﯾ هﮋ ﺣاﻮﻧ رد ﯽ ﺧد ﯿ ﻞ رد ﯾ ﮔدﺎ ﯿﺮ ي ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ و ﻫﯿ
ﭗﻤﮐﻮﭙ ﻠﺻا ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ﯽ
ﺮﺨﺗ ﯾ ﺐ ﻧورﻮـﻧ ﯽ زوﺮـﺑ و
ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ﻨﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎ ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ) 4 .(
هوﻼﻋ ا ﺮﺑ ﯾ ﻦ ﻠـــﺻا ﻞـﻣﺎﻋ ود ﯽ
ﺎـﻫرﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ ي ﻓﻮﺗﺎـﭘ ﯿﺰ ﯾ ژﻮﻟﻮ ﯾﮑ ﯽ د ﯾ ﺮـﮕ ي دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ لﻼﺘـﺧا ﺪـﻨﻧﺎﻤﻫ ي
ﻣﯿ رﺪﻨﮐﻮﺘ ي
، ﺮﺨﺗ ،بﺎﻬﺘﻟا ﯾ
ﺐ ﺎــﺴﮐا ﯾ ــﺸ ﯽ
، لﻼﺘﺧا ﮥﺧﺮﭼ ﻟﻮﻠﺳ ﯽ ﻟﻮﻠـﺳ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا رد لﻼﺘﺧا و ﯽ
ﺑ عوﺮـﺷ رد ﻢـﻫ ﯿ
رﺎـﻤ ي ﭘ رد ﻢـﻫ و ﯿ
ﺖﻓﺮـﺸ
ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﺪﻧﺮﺛﺆﻣ ) 5 سﺮﺘﺳا .(
ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﺗاﺪ ﯿﻮ ﻪﮐ ﺷﺎﻧ ﯽ ﺮﺑ زا ﻢﻫ ندرﻮﺧ لدﺎﻌﺗ ﯿﺑ ﻦ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي لﺎﻌﻓ ﺴﮐا ﯿ نﮋ ﺜﻨﺧ و6
ﯽ نﺪﺷ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺰـﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ ﺎـﻫ ي
ﺎﺴﮐادﺎﭘ ﯾ ﺸ ﯽ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ،ﺖﺳا ﺎﻫرﺎﮐوزﺎﺳ
ي ا رد ﻢﻬﻣ ﯾ دﺎﺠ ﭘ و ﯿ ﺖﻓﺮﺸ ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ﺖﺳا ) 4،
6 اﺮــﺷ رد .(
ﯾ ﻂ ﺒﻃ ﯿﻌ ﯽ
، ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ تﺎﺒ ﺎــﺴﮐادﺎﭘ ﯾ هﺪﻨ
ﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯿ
نﻮ
7، ﺋﻮﻨﺗورﺎﮐ ﯿ ﺎﻫﺪ و و8
ﯾ ﻣﺎﺘ ﯿ ﻦ ﻧ وE
ﯿﺰ دﺎﭘ ﺎﺴﮐا ﯾ هﺪﻨ ﺎﻫ ي ﺰﻧآ ﯾﻤ ﯽ ﺰﻧآ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯾ ﻢ ﺮﭘﻮﺳ ــﺴﮐا ﯿﺪ ﯾد زﺎﺗﻮﻤـــﺴ
9، ﺰـﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ زﻻﺎـﺗﺎﮐ
10 و ﯾﺰـﻧآ ﻢ
ﯿﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ نﻮ ــﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﯿ زاﺪ
11 ﻣ ﯿ ناﺰ دار ﯾ لﺎﮑ ﺎﻫ ي ار لﻮﻠـﺳ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ دازآ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ـﺳآ ﻊﻧﺎﻣ و ﯿ
ﺐ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ي ﻟﻮﻠـﺳ ﯽ ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ) 7 .(
ﺎﺑ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي مﺎﺠﻧا ور ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ي سﺮﺘـﺳا ﺶﻘﻧ ـﺴﮐا
ﯿ ﺗاﺪ ﯿﻮ ﭘ و عوﺮـﺷ رد ﯿ
ﺖﻓﺮـﺸ ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ
،ﺮﻤ زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﮐﺮﺗ
ﯿ تﺎﺒ اراد ي صاﻮﺧ
ﺎﺴﮐادﺎﭘ ﯾ ﮔﺪﻨ ﯽ ﻧورﻮﻧ ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ و ﯽ
ﭘ ﺖﻬﺟ ﯿ ﮕﺸ ﯿﺮ ي ﯾﺎ ﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ نﺎﻣرد ﯿ
ﻦ ﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯾ
ﺞ ﯿﻣاﺎﻧ ﺪ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ة نﺎـﻣرد ﺎـﻫ ي
ﻧﻮﻨﮐ ﯽ اﺮﺑ ي تﻻﻼﺘﺧا ﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ
ﯽ ﺑﯿ نارﺎﻤ اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي
، ﺑ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯿ
ﺮﺘﺸ ي ﺖﻬﺟ رد ﯾ ﻦﺘﻓﺎ نﺎﻣرد ﺎﻫ ي ﺑ ﯽ ﺮﺗﺮﻄﺧ و ﺮﺗﺮﺛﺆﻣ ﺖﺳا مزﻻ )
8 هزوﺮـﻣا .(
ﺎﻫوراد زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﯾ
ﺸﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺄ ﮔﯿ ﻫﺎ ﯽ
، اراد ﻪﮐ ي صاﻮﺧ ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺮﺘﺸ ﺒﻧﺎﺟ ضراﻮﻋ ﺎﺑ ﯽ
ﻤﻫا ،ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﯿ
ﺖ ﻟﺎـﺑ ﯿﻨ ﯽ ز ـﯾ دﺎ ي ا نﺎـﻣرد رد ـﯾ
ﻦ
ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﭘﯿ اﺪ ﺖﺳا هدﺮﮐ )
9 رد .(
ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﮐ ﯿﻮ ﺞﻧﺎﭼ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و12
) 2002 ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ،(
ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ تﺎﺒ ﮔ ﯿ ﻫﺎ ﯽ ﭘ رد هزوﺮـﻣا ﻪـﮐ ﺖـﺳا ﯿ
ﮕـﺸ ﯿﺮ ي و
ﺑ نﺎﻣرد ﯿ رﺎﻤ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ،دراد دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ﭘﯿ
ﺸ ﯿﻨ ﮥ اﯾ ﻦ ﮔ ﯿ هﺎ ﭘ رد ﯿ ﮕﺸ ﯿﺮ ي نﺎﻣرد و ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﺎﻫ ي ﺒﻠﻗ ﯽ - ﯽﻗوﺮﻋ ﭼ و ﺎﭘورا رد و هدﻮﺑ ﯿ
ﻦ ﻧﺎـﻣرد دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ﯽ
دراد ﺑ رد . ﯿ ﻦ ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ تﺎﺒ ﺷ ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎ ﯽﯾ ﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﯽ ﻣ رد ﻪﮐ ﯿ
،هﻮ و گﺮﺑ ﻞﮔ ﺎﻫ ي دراد دﻮﺟو ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز
، ﻫرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺎ ي ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ ﯿﺪ ﻟا و ﯿ ﺮﻣﻮﮕ ﯾ ﮏ ﯽﻠﭘ ﯿـﺳ ﻧﺎﯿ ﺪ زا
ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ تﺎﺒ ﻢﻬﻣ زﯾ ﺖﺴ ﺷ ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎ ﯽﯾ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ نآ )
10 ﺗ .(
ﯿ رﺎﻤ ﺎﺑ رﺎﺼﻋ ة ﻨﻏ ﻪﮐ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﯽ
ﮐﺮﺗ زا ﯿ تﺎﺒ ﺋﻮﻧوﻼﻓ ـﯿ ﺪ ي ﺖـﺳا
، ﺐﺒـﺳ دﻮـﺒﻬﺑ ـﯾ ﮔدﺎ ﯿﺮ ي و
ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ) 11 ﺪﻤﺣا .(
ي ﮐ ﺪﻧوﺎﮐﺎ ي ) نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و 2019
ﺮـﻤﺗ ﻪـﮐ ،ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ( ﯾ
ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎـﻘﻣ ﯽ اﺰﻓ ﯾ ،هﺪـﻨ ﻏ ﺶﻫﺎـﮐ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ نﻮﻟﺎـﻣ ﺖـﻈﻠ
يد ﻫﺪﻟآ ﯿﺪ اﺰﻓا و ﯾ ﺶ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﺖ ﺰﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ ﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﯿﺴﮐا ﺪ ﯾد زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ﻤﻬﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻪﮐ ﯽ
ﭘ ﺪﻧور ﺶﻫﺎﮐ رد ﯿﺮ
ي ﺖﺳا . ﻪﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﺳر ﺮﻤﺗ ﻪـﮐ ﯾ تﺎـﻨ
ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﺳ لدﺎﻌﺗ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻢﻈﻨﻣ ﯿ
ﻢﺘﺴ ﮐا ﺴ ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﻻﺎﺑ و ندﺮﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﺳ ﯿ ﻢﺘﺴ ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ نﺪـﺑ رد ـﻣ ﯽ دﻮـﺷ و ـﻣ ﯽ ﺪـﻧاﻮﺗ رد ﭘﯿ ﮕـﺸ ﯿﺮ ي زا
ﺳآ ﯿ ﺐ ﺎﻫ ي ﺪﺟ ي ﺷﺎﻧ ﯽ سﺮﺘﺳا زا ﯿﺴﮐا
ﺗاﺪ ﯿﻮ ﻪﺑ صﻮﺼﺧ ﻨﺳ رد
ﯿ ﻦ ﭘﯿ ﺮ ي اﺰﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽﯾ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد )
12 ﻘﻋ .(
ﯿ هﺪ ا ﺮﺑ ﯾ ﻦ ﺮـﻤﺗ ﻪـﮐ ﺖـﺳا ﯾ
ﻦ
ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ رﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ي ﺎﻫ ي ﯽﺒـﺼﻋ و رﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ي ﻣ ﯽ دﻮﺷ ﻐﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﻪـﮐ ﯿﯿ
تاﺮـ رد ﻮـﮕﻟا ي ﻧاﻮـﺧاﺮﻓ ﯽ ﺎﻫرﺎﺗ ي ﺒﺼﻋ ﯽ - ﻧﻼﻀﻋ ﯽ
، زاﺪـﻧا ة رﺎـﺗ
Alzheimer's disease (AD)
. 1
2.Amyloid beta plaques (Aß)
3. Dense-core plaques
4.Diffuse plaques
5.Tau Proteins.
6. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
7.Glutathione (GSH)
8. Carotenoids
9.Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
10. Catalase (CAT).
11.Glutathione peroxidase (GPX)
12. Qi Chang
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﺮﺛا شﻮﻣ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا سﺮﺘﺳا يﺎﻫ
يﺮﻤﯾاﺰﻟآ ﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ 85
ﻧﻼﻀﻋ ﯽ ﻫ) ﯿ ﻓوﺮﺗﺮﭙ ﯽ ﻪﻠﻀﻋ دﺮﮐرﺎﮐ و ( ﺖﺳا هاﺮﻤﻫ (ﻪﻠﻀﻋ ناﻮﺗ و ترﺪﻗ)
) 13 .(
ﻪﺑ ﺮـﻈﻧ ـﻣ ﯽ ﺪـﺳر ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ـﯿ ﺖ ﻧﺪـﺑ ﯽ
، ﻞـﻣﺎﻋ ﭘﯿ ﮕـﺸ ﯿﺮ ي ةﺪـﻨﻨﮐ
ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي ﺎﻫ ي ﺒﺼﻋ ﯽ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ
تاﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﻔﻣ ﯿﺪ ﺑ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ رد شزرو ﯿ
رﺎﻤ ي اﺰﻟآ ﯾ اﺰﻓا و ﺮﻤ ﯾ ﺶ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯾ ﮔدﺎ ﯿﺮ ي ﻮﺳ زا و ،ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ و ﯽﯾ
ﺗ ﺮﺛا ﯿ رﺎـﻤ
ﺎﺑ ةرﺎﺼﻋ ا نﺎﻣرد رد ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﯾ
ﻦ ﺑﯿ رﺎﻤ ي رد ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ ي ﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﯽ ﺣ و ﯿ ﻧاﻮ ﯽ ا رد ،ﻪﺘـﺷﺬﮔ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ـﯾ
ﻦ ﻌـﺳ ﻪـﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ
راد ـﯾ ﻢ ﺛﺄـﺗ ﯿﺮ ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ تﺎـﻨ
ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﻤﻫ نﺎﻣﺰ ﺎﺑ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻞﻤﮑﻣ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ار يور شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ي اﺰﻟآ ﺮﻧ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي ﻐﺗ و ﯿﯿ تاﺮ حﻮﻄﺳ ﺎﻫرﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ ي ﺑﺎﻬﺘﻟا ﯽ مﺮﺳ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ـﺳرﺮﺑ ار
ﯽ
ﻢﯿﻨﮐ . شور ﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﯽ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ
حﺮﻃ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ و ﺖﮐﺮﺷ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ
راﺰﺑا
ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺑﺮﺠﺗ عﻮﻧ زا ﯽ
ﺖﺳا ا رد . ﯾ ﻦ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺎﺑ ﺪﺷ شﻼﺗ ﻠﺧاﺪﻣ
ﮥ ﻐﺘﻣ ﯿﺮ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﻤﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺗ) ﯾ
تﺎﻨ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﻐﺗ (ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ و ﯿﯿ
تاﺮ
ﻐﺘﻣ حﻮﻄﺳ رد ﯿ
ﺎﻫﺮ ي ﻓﺮﻇ) ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو ﯿ
ﺖ ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ
،مﺎﺗ ﺰﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ ﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﺴﮐا ﯿﺪ ﯾد
،زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴ ﺰﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ ﯿﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ نﻮ ﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ زاﺪ نﻮﻟﺎﻣ و يد ﯿﻫﺪﻟآ ﺪ رد (
شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ي اﺮﺤﺻ داﮋﻧ ﺮﻧ ﯽﯾ
آ اﺰﻟ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي ﺳرﺮﺑ و هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﯽ
دﻮﺷ . 30 ﺮﺳ ﻣ ﺎﺑ شﻮﻣ ﯿ
ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ ﻨﺳ ﯽ 4 ﺎﺗ 5 دوﺪﺤﻣ رد ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ة
ﻧزو ﯽ 180 ﺎﺗ 200
ﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﮐ مﺮﮔ ﯽ
ﺣ ﯿ تﺎﻧاﻮ ﻃ رد ﯽ رود ة ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ ﺤﻣ رد ﯿ ﻄ ﯽ ﺎﻣد ﺎﺑ ي 20 - 24 ﺟرد ﮥ ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﯽ داﺮﮔ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ، 45 - 55
،ﺪﺻرد رﻮﻧ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ 12 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ
ﯽﯾﺎﻨﺷور و 12 ﺎﺳ ﺖﻋ رﺎﺗ ﯾﮑ ﯽ ﺳﺮﺘﺳد و ﯽ اﺬﻏ و بآ ﻪﺑ دازآ ي
راﺪﻬﮕﻧ صﻮﺼﺨﻣ ي
ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ . شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ زا ﯾﺎﻣزآ هﺎﮕﺸ ﺣ ﯿ تﺎﻧاﻮ ﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ة مﻮﻠﻋ
ﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﯽ ﻬﺗ ناﺪﻤﻫ ﯿﻪ
ﺎﻣزآ ﻪﺑ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا زا ﺲﭘ و ﯾ
هﺎﮕﺸ ﺎﻨﺷآ و ﯽﯾ ﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ ﯿ ﻂ ﺪﺟ ﯾﺪ و ﻮﺤﻧ ة ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺷزرو ﯽ ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﯽ هوﺮﮔ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻪﺑ
ﺶﺷ ﯽﯾﺎﺗ
؛ اﺰﻟآ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ،ﻢﻟﺎﺳ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯾ
ﺮﻤ ي
، اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي ﺮﻤﺗ و ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ
، اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي هاﺮﻤﻫ ﺮﻤﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ و ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ و
اﺰﻟآ ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي ﺴﻘﺗ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﯿ
ﻢ ﻣﺎﻤﺗ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﯽ
ﺎﻣزآ ﯾ ﺶ ﺎﻫ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻧاﻮﻗ ﯿ ﻦ ﺑﯿ ﻦ ﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﯽ راﺪﻬﮕﻧ ي ﺪﻧﺪﺷ و ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ زا ﺣ ﯿ تﺎﻧاﻮ
و ﺎﺑ ترﺎﻈﻧ ﻤﮐ ﯿ ﮥﺘ ﻗﻼﺧا ﯽ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﻠﻋﻮﺑ ﺳ ﯿ ﺎﻨ مﺎﺠﻧا ناﺪﻤﻫ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ
.
ﺪﻧور اﺮﺟا ي ﻘﺤﺗ ﯿ ﻖ
ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ ﻦ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 12 و ،ﻪﺘﻔﻫ 5 و ﻪﺘﻔﻫ رد زور ﻪﺑ
ترﻮﺻ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻦﺘﻓر هاﺮﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻧزو ﺎﻫ ي مد ﻪﺑ ﻞﺼﺘﻣ شﻮﻣ
ﺎﻫ
، زا ﯽﻧﺎﮑﻠﭘ لﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﯾ ﮏ
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ 26 و ﻪﻠﭘ واز ﯾﮥ 85 ﻣز ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺟرد ﯿ
،ﻦ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ﮥﻧزو
ﺣ ﺮﻫ مد ﻪﺑ ﻞﺼﺘﻣ ﯿ
ناﻮ رد ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺎﻫ ي مود و لوا 50
ﺎﺗ 60 ،ﺪﺻرد
ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺎﻫ ي ﺎﺗ مﻮﺳ ﻢﺠﻨﭘ 70 ﺎﺗ 90 ،ﺪﺻرد ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺎﻫ ي ﻢﺘﺸﻫ ﺎﺗ ﻢﺸﺷ 100
ﺎﺗ 110 ،ﺪﺻرد ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺎﻫ ي ﻢﻫد و ﻢﻬﻧ 120
ﺎﺗ 130 و ﺪﺻرد
ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺎﻫ ي ﯾ ﻢﻫدزﺎ ﻢﻫدزاود و 140
ﺎﺗ 150 ﻧآ نﺪﺑ نزو ﺪﺻرد ﺎﻬ
دﻮﺑ . ﺮﻫ ﮥﺴﻠﺟ ﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﻨ ﯽ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ 3 ﺖﺳ 4 راﺮﮑﺗ ي ﺑ ﺖﺣاﺮﺘﺳا ،دﻮﺑ ﯿ
ﻦ راﺮﮑﺗ ﺮﻫ
30 ﺎﺗ 60 ﻧﺎﺛ ﯿﻪ ﺑ و ﯿ ﻦ ﺖﺳ ﺮﻫ 120 ﺎﺗ 150 ﺛ ﻧﺎﯿ ﻪ ﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد لوﺪﺟ) دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓ
1(
) 13 .(
لوﺪﺟ 1.
ﯽﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﻞﮑﺗوﺮﭘ )
13 (
ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ تﺪﺷ
(نﺪﺑ نزو ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺪﺻرد) راﺮﮑﺗ ﺮﻫ ﻦﯿﺑ ﺖﺣاﺮﺘﺳا
(ﻪﯿﻧﺎﺛ) ﺖﺣاﺮﺘﺳا
ﺖﺳ ﺮﻫ ﻦﯿﺑ (ﻪﯿﻧﺎﺛ) )
لوا 50
30 120
مود 60
30 120
مﻮﺳ 70
30 120
مرﺎﻬﭼ 80
30 120
ﻢﺠﻨﭘ 90
30 120
ﻢﺸﺷ 100
30 120
ﻔﻫ ﻢﺘ 105
30 120
ﻢﺘﺸﻫ 110
30 120
ﻢﻬﻧ 120
50 140
ﻢﻫد 130
50 140
ﻢﻫدزﺎﯾ 140
60 150
ﻢﻫدزاود 150
60 150
شور ﻬﺗ ﯿﮥ ﺪﺑ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ ﯾ
ﻦ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ ﻞﮑﺷ ﺲﭘ
ندﺮﮐ اﺪﺟ زا ﻪﺧﺎﺷﺮﺳ
ﺎﻫ ي ﮔ ﯿ
،هﺎ صﻮﺼﺨﻣ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﺎﺑ ﺳآ
ﯿ بﺎ ودا ﯾ
،ﻪ آ ﺳ ﯿ بﺎ ﺪﺷ و
ﺲﭙﺳ ﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ نآ ردﻮﭘ ﺖ
25 /6 اﺬﻏ ﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ي
دﻮﭘ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا هﺪﺷر شﻮﻣ
ﺎﻫ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﺪﺷ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ،نآ زا ﺲﭘ . ﻪﺑ
ترﻮﺻ ﻤﺧ ﯿﺮ ﺪﻣآرد و ﻪﺑ ﮥﻠﯿﺳو
ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ﻪﻣﺎﺧ ﻧز ﯽ دﺎﻨﻗ ي
، ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻠﭘ ﯿ
،ﺖ ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ و هدز ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ﻪﺑ
ترﻮﺻ اﺬﻏ ي ﺧا رد ﻪﻧازور ﺘﯿ
رﺎ شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ )
14 .(
،ﺮﻤﯾاﺰﻟآ يﺎﻘﻟا ياﺮﺑ ﺮﺗ
ي ﺘﻣ ﯿ ﻞ ﺗﯿ ﻦ اﺮﻠﮐ ﯾﺪ زود ﺎﺑ1
8 ﻣﯿ ﻠ ﯽ مﺮﮔ / ﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ ﺎﺑ م ﻟﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﯿ ﻦ ﻟﺎﺳ ﯿ ﻦ ) ﻪﺑ ناﻮـﻨﻋ ﮏـﯾ راﺪـﻘﻣ ﻪـﺑ (لﻼـﺣ ﻣﯿ
ـﻠ ﯽ ﻟﯿ ﺮـﺘ /
شور ﻪﺑ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ نورد
ﻗﺎﻔﺻ ﯽ ﻪﺑ شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ .ﺪﺷ ﻖﯾرﺰﺗ ﯾ TMT
ﮏ ﮐﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺐ ﯽﻟآ ﺎﺑ تاﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﺴﮐﻮﺗورﻮﻧ ﯿ ﮏ يﻮﻗ ﺖﺳا ﻪﮐ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺨﺗ ﯾ ﺐ ﯽﻧورﻮـﻧ رد
ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﯽﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧا زا ﺰﻐﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺳ ﯿ ﻢﺘﺴ ﻟﯿ ﺒﻤ ﯿ ﮏ و ﻪﺑ وﯾ هﮋ ﻫ ﯿ ﭗﻣﺎﮐﻮﭙ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻣ ﯽ دﻮﺷ . نﺎﺴﻧا ﺎﻫ ﯾ ﯽ ﻪﮐ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ رد ضﺮـﻌﻣ راﺮـﻗTMT
ﻣ ﯽ ﮔﯿ ﺪﻧﺮ
، رﺎﭼد ﻣورﺪﻨﺳ ﯽ ﺎﺑ تﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ
،ﺞﻨﺸﺗ ﮔﺮﺳ ﯿ ﻪﺠ
، ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ و يﺮﮕﺷﺎﺧﺮﭘ ﻣ
ﯽ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ . ﺪﻫاﻮﺷ نﺎﺸﻧ ـﻣ ﯽ ﺪـﻫد ﻪـﮐ ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ TMT
ﻣﯿ ﺠﻧﺎ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ي ﯽﺒﺼﻋ ﺧد ﯿ ﻞ رد ﻪﻈﻓﺎﺣ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺘﺳا ﯿ ﻞ ﻟﻮﮐ ﯿ ﻦ و تﺎﻣﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ار ﻐﺗ ﯿﯿ ﺮ ﻣ ﯽ ﺪﻫد . هوﻼﻋ ﺮﺑ اﯾ ﻦ
، مﺎﺠﻧا تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ
رد درﻮـﻣ ﻠﺤﺗ ـﯿ ﻞ
ﯽﺒﺼﻋ ﯽﺷﺎﻧ زا
، TMT
نﺎﺸﻧ هداد ﺪﻧا ﻪﮐ ﻣﻮﻤﺴﻣ ﯿ ﺖ ﺎﺑ نآ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺑﯿ نﺎ رﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ نورﻮﻧ ﯽـﯾاز ﻖﺘـﺸﻣ هﺪـﺷ زا ﺰـﻐﻣ رد2
ﯽﺣاﻮـﻧ ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ
ﺳ ﯿ ﻢﺘﺴ ﯽﺒﺼﻋ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ي و زا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﻫ ﯿ ﭗﻣﺎﮐﻮﭙ ﻣ ﯽ دﻮﺷ ) 15 .(
ﯾ ﮏ ﺎﭘ زا ﺲﭘ زور ﯾ
نﺎ ﻞﮑﺗوﺮﭘ ﺗ ﺮﻤ ﯾﻨ ﯽ ﻞﻤﮑﻣ و ﯽﻫد
، تر ﺎﻫ ﻮﺘﻨﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺑرﺎﺑ
ﯿ لﺎﺘ ﯾﺪﺳ ﻢ ) 50 - 60 ﻣ ﯿﻠ ﯽ مﺮﮔ ازا ﻪﺑ ي ﮐ ﯿ مﺮﮔﻮـﻠ (نﺪـﺑ نزو
ﺑ ﯽ شﻮﻫ اﺮﺑ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ي ﻣﺮﺳ حﻮﻄﺳ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ هزاﺪﻧا ﯽ
ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ي ﺑﯿ ﺷﻮ ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎ ﯽﯾ
، رو زا نﻮﺧ ﯾﺪ
فﻮﺟا ﯽﻧﺎﺘﺤﺗ شﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻊﻤﺟ روآ ي مﺮـﺳ ﺲﭙﺳ ،ﺪﺷ
ﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯾﻔ
ﯿ ژﻮ اﺪﺟ ﺪﺷ . مﺮﺳ ﺎﻫ نورد ﯿﻣ ﺗوﺮﮑ ﯿ بﻮ ر ﯾ ﻪﺘﺨ هﺪﺷ ﺎﭘ ﺎﺗ و ﯾ نﺎ ﺎﻣد رد رﺎﮐ ي
20 - ﺟرد ﮥ ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﯽ داﺮﮔ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻆﻔﺣ .
1. Trimethyltin chloride (TMT)
2. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)
ﻣ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﺮﺛا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼ
شﻮﻣ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا سﺮﺘﺳا يﺎﻫ يﺮﻤﯾاﺰﻟآ ﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ
87
شور رﺎﻣآ ي
ﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯿ ﺖ ﺰﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ ﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﯿﺴﮐا ﺪ ﯾد زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴ ﺰﻧآ و ﯾ ﻢ ﯿﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ نﻮ ﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ زاﺪ ﻓﺮﻇ و ﯿ ﺖ ﯽﺘﻧآ ﯿﺴﮐا ﻧاﺪ ﯽ مﺎﺗ نﻮﻟﺎﻣ و يد ﻫﺪﻟآ ﯿﺪ زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﺎـﺑ ﮐ
ـﯿ ﺖ ﺎـﻫ ي
رﺎﺠﺗ ي ﺪﻧﻮﻧ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ) ﺖﻣﻼﺳ
ﯾا ناﺮ .ﺪـﺷ دروآﺮـﺑ هﺪﻧزﺎـﺳ ﻞﻤﻌﻟارﻮﺘـﺳد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ( هداد
ﺎـﻫ ﺲـﭘ زا دورو ﻪـﺑ مﺮـﻧ راﺰـﻓا ﺨـﺴﻧSPSS
ﮥ 22
ﺠﺗ ﺰﯾ ﻪ ﻠﺤﺗو ﯿ ﻞ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ا ﻪﺑ ؛ ﯾ ﻦ ﺗﺮﺗ ﯿ ﺐ زا ﺲﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺄﺗ
ﯿﯾ ﺪ ﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﯾ ﮏ ندﻮﺑ هداد ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا نﻮﻣزآ ﯿﭘﺎﺷ ووﺮ ﯾ ﮏﻠ اﻮﻧآ نﻮﻣزآ زا ، ﯾﮑ
ﺖﺴﺗ و ﻪﻓﺮﻄ
ﻘﻌﺗ ﯿﺒ ﯽ ﯽﮐﻮﺗ اﺮﺑ ي ﺰﺠﺗ ﯾﻪ ﻠﺤﺗو ﯿ ﻞ هداد ﺎﻫ ي نﻮﻣزآ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑﯿ ﺷﻮ ﯿﻤ ﯿﺎ ﯽﯾ رﺎﺘﻓر داﺪﺧر و ﺮﻈﻧدرﻮﻣ
رد هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺪﺷ و مﺎﻤﺗ ﯾﺎـﺘﻧ ﺞ ﻪـﺑ ترﻮـﺻ
ﻣﯿ ﻧﺎ ﮕ ﯿ ±ﻦ يﺎﻄﺧ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺑﯿ نﺎ ﺪﺷ مﺎﻤﺗ رد . ﯾ
ﻪﺘﻓﺎ ﺎﻫ 05 /0
<
ﻪﺑP
ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ راد ي .ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد
ﯾ ﻪﺘﻓﺎ ﺎﻫ ي ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ
ﺮﺑ سﺎﺳا ﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺞ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ
، ﺮﻤﺗ ﯾ تﺎﻨ ﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﯽ ﻪﺑ وﯾ هﮋ اﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ،ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ نﺎﻣز رد ﯾ
ﺶ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻣﺮﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯽ
ﺰـﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ ﯿﺗﺎـﺗﻮﻠﮔ نﻮ
ﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ زاﺪ ﺎﻘﻣ رد ﯾ ﻪﺴ ﺎﺑ ﮔ هوﺮ ﺎﻫ ي د ﯾ ﺮﮕ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ) ﺪﺷ 002 /0
= (، P
ﻐﺗ ﺎﻣا ﯿﯿ ﺮ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ي ﻣﺮـﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﯽ
ﺰـﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ ﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﯿـﺴﮐا ﺪ ﯾد زﺎﺗﻮﻤـﺴ ) 129 /0
= ﻓﺮﻇ ،(P
ﯿ ﺖ ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ مﺎﺗ ) 156 /0 = نﻮﻟﺎﻣ و (P
يد ﯿﻫﺪﻟآ ﺪ ) 498 /0 = رد (P
هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑﺮﺠﺗ و لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯽ
ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ لوﺪﺟ)
2(
.
لوﺪﺟ 2 . ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ و فاﺮﺤﻧا رﺎﯿﻌﻣ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﻫ ي ﺳا ﺴﮐا سﺮﺘ ﯿ ﺗاﺪ ﯿﻮ ﯽﻣﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﮏﯿﮑﻔﺗ هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ و ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ
هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ
ﻢﻟﺎﺳ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ يﺮﻤﯾاﺰﻟآ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ
+يﺮﻤﯾاﺰﻟآ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز
+يﺮﻤﯾاﺰﻟآ ﯽﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ
+يﺮﻤﯾاﺰﻟآ +ﯽﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴﯾدﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ
(U.ml) زاﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ نﻮﯿﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ
(nmol.ml) ﺖﯿﻓﺮﻇ
ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ مﺎﺗ
) mmol.ml ( نﻮﻟﺎﻣ
د ي ﻫﺪﻟآ ﯿ ﺪ
(nmol.min.ml)
SD M
SD M
SD M
SD M
97 / 14 03
/ 108 38
/ 0 46
/ 0 04
/ 0 83
/ 0 0002 / 0 07 / 0
01 / 15 1/
126 03
/ 0 40
/ 0 12
/ 0 92
/ 0 0002 / 0 07 / 0
27 / 12 52
/ 63 15
/ 0 64
/ 0 30
/ 0 06
/ 1 0004 / 0 07 / 0
19 / 12 28
/ 52 07
/ 0 57
/ 0 09
/ 0 16
/ 1 0001 / 0 07 / 0
22 / 11 14
/ 47 11
/ 0 55
/ 0 37
/ 0 15
/ 1 0008 / 0 07 / 0
رادﻮﻤﻧ 1 . ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﮥﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﻄﺧ و
ي ﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ
ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ ﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﯿﺴﮐا ﺪ ﯾد زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴ رد هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑﺮﺠﺗ و لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯽ
فﻼﺘﺧا رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ي اﻮﺘﺤﻣ رد ي ﻣﺮﺳ ﯽ ﺰﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ ﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﯿﺴﮐا ﺪ ﯾد زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ،لﺮﺘﻨﮐ هوﺮﮔ ﺎﺳ
ﯾﺮ هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ )
129 /0
= ﻣ .(P
ﯿ ناﺰ
اﺰﻓا ﯾ ﺸ ﯽ اﻮﺘﺤﻣ رد ي ﻣﺮﺳ ﯽ ﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﯿﺴﮐا دﺪ ﯾ زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴ اﺰﻟآ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ هوﺮﮔ ﯾ
ﺮﻤ ي رﺎﻣآ ﺮﻈﻧ زا ﺎﻣا ،ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ي
رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ دﻮﺒﻧ رادﻮﻤﻧ) 1 (.
رادﻮﻤﻧ 2 . و ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﮥﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد زاﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ نﻮﯿﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا يﺎﻄﺧ
هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﯽﺑﺮﺠﺗ و لﺮﺘﻨﮐ
اﺰﻓا : **
ﯾ ﺶ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ي ﺎﻤﺳﻼﭘ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد ﯽﯾ
ﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﯿ نﻮ ﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﯿ زاﺪ ﮐﺮﺗ هوﺮﮔ ﯿﺒ ﯽ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ اﺰﻟآ
ﯾ ﺮﻤ ي ) 031 /0
= ( P
هوﺮـﮔ و
) ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز 021 /0 = د (P
ﯾ هﺪ ﺪﺷ رادﻮﻤﻧ) 2 (.
اﺰﻓا :##
ﯾ ﺶ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ي ﺎﻤﺳﻼﭘ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد ﯽﯾ
ﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﯿ نﻮ ﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﯿ زاﺪ ﮐﺮﺗ هوﺮﮔ ﯿﺒ ﯽ اﺰﻟآ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز + ﯾ
ﺮﻤ ي ) 034 /0 =
P
ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز هوﺮﮔ و ( )
023 /0 = د (P
ﯾﺪ ه ﺪﺷ رادﻮﻤﻧ) 2 (.
ﻣ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺘﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﺮﺛا ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﺑ ﮏﻟاﺰﻟاز ﻞﻤﮑﻣ فﺮﺼ
شﻮﻣ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا سﺮﺘﺳا يﺎﻫ يﺮﻤﯾاﺰﻟآ ﺮﻧ يﺎﻫ
89
رادﻮﻤﻧ 3 . ا يﺎﻄﺧ و ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﮥﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺖﯿﻓﺮﻇ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳ
ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ رد مﺎﺗ هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﯽﺑﺮﺠﺗ و لﺮﺘﻨﮐ
فﻼﺘﺧا رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ي اﻮﺘﺤﻣ رد ي ﻣﺮﺳ ﯽ ﻓﺮﻇ ﯿ ﺖ ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ،لﺮﺘﻨﮐ هوﺮﮔ مﺎﺗ ﺎـﺳ
ﯾﺮ هوﺮـﮔ ﺎـﻫ هﺪﻫﺎـﺸﻣ ﺪـﺸﻧ
) 156 /0
= ( P
رادﻮﻤﻧ) 3 (.
رادﻮﻤﻧ 4 . و ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﮥﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﻄﺧ
ي ﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﯿ
ﮕﻧﺎ ﯿ ﻦ نﻮﻟﺎﻣ د ي ﻫﺪﻟآ ﯿ ﺪ رد هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﺑﺮﺠﺗ و لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯽ
ا فﻼﺘﺧ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ي ﯽﻣﺮﺳ ياﻮﺘﺤﻣ رد نﻮﻟﺎﻣ
د ي ﻫﺪﻟآ ﯿﺪ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ،لﺮﺘﻨﮐ هوﺮﮔ هوﺮﮔ
ﺎﻫ ﺪﺸﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ )
498 /0 = .( P
ﯽﺸﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﺘﺒﻟا
ﯽﻣﺮﺳ ياﻮﺘﺤﻣ رد نﻮﻟﺎﻣ
د ي ﻫﺪﻟآ ﯿﺪ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ دﻮﺒﻧ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ يرﺎﻣآ ﺮﻈﻧ زا ﺎﻣا ،ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻢﻟﺎﺳ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ هوﺮﮔ
رادﻮﻤﻧ) 4 (.
