Observance of Midwives’ Code of Ethics by Midwifery Students During Vaginal Examinations in Labor and its
Influencing Factors
Roya Baghany1, Fatemeh Faramarzi2,
Maryam Baghjari2, Fatemeh Zare2, Yaser Tabaraei3
1 MSc of Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran 2 RA in Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
3 Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
(Received June 12, 2013 ; Accepted September 9, 2013)
Abstract
Background and purpose: With the increasing development of information technology, the ethical problems associated with the ethical principles that are necessary to mitigate these problems in the protection of human health. This research aimed to understand the factors that influence ethics on vaginal examinations.
Materials and methods: This cross- sectional study was conducted on 43 midwifery students in the 5th and 7th semesters. Data collection included a list of codes of ethics and interview. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 software.
Results: Observance of moral codes of the seventh semester studentswas more of the fifth semester students. Observance of moral codes in the context of relations in the field of obstetrics 95.7%
86.6% Yield Obstetrics and Gynecology in the field of professional liability was 50%. Respect the codes of the semester, time shifts, training and ethics remind significant relationship was found by the teacher.
Conclusion: Given that remind ethics by strategic factors affecting compliance with ethical codes of vaginal examinations are In the educational process is important to note.
Keywords: ethical codes, vaginal examination, midwife, student
J Mazand Univ Med Sci 2013; 23(107): 90-94 (Persian).
ـﻠــﻋ هﺎﮕـــﺸـﻧاد ﻪــــﻠــﺠﻣ ـ
ـﻧزﺎــﻣ ﻲـــﻜــﺷﺰــﭘ مﻮــ ـ
نارﺪــ
هرود مﻮﺳ و ﺖﺴﻴﺑ هرﺎﻤﺷ 107 رذآ لﺎﺳ 1392 ) 94 - 90 (
ﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺪﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﺳرﺮ
نﺎﻤﻳاز ﺶﺨﺑ رد لﺎﻨﻳژاو تﺎﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا مﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و
ﻣ ﺆ نآ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛ
ﻲﻧﺎﻏﺎﺑ ﺎﻳور 1
يزﺮﻣاﺮﻓ ﻪﻤﻃﺎﻓ 2
يﺮﺠﻏﺎﺑ ﻢﻳﺮﻣ 2
عراز ﻪﻤﻃﺎﻓ 2
ﻲﻳاﺮﺒﺗ ﺮﺳﺎﻳ 3
هﺪﻴﻜﭼ
فﺪﻫ و ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ :
ﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ و تﺎﻋﻼﻃا نوﺰﻓازور ﺖﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ يژﻮ
،
ﻪـﺑ ور ﻢﻫ نآ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا تﻼﻜﺸﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰـﻓا
نﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ زا تﻼﻜﺸﻣ ﻦﻳا زا ﻦﺘﺳﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳا مزﻻ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺎﻤﻨﻫار و ﺖﺳا
ﺪﻨﻛ ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ ﺎﻫ .
ﺮﻣا ﻦﻳا ـﺑ ﻪ رد صﻮﺼـﺧ
ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ يروﺮﺿ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﺪﺳر
. ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﻪـﺑ ندﺮـﺑ ﻲﭘ فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا
ﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ ﻲـﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺪـﻛ ﺖـﻳﺎﻋر نﺎﻳ
نﺎﻤﻳاز ﺶﺨﺑ رد لﺎﻨﻳژاو تﺎﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا مﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و
ﺆ نآ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ .
شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
: ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ عﻮﻧ زا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ
-
ﻲﻌﻄﻘﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ
ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ مﺮﺗ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد زا يرﺎﻤﺷﺮﺳ شور ﻪﺑ
5 و
7 ﻪﺘﺷر ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ لﺎﺳ رد راوﺰﺒﺳ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد 91
) 43 ﺮﻔﻧ (
، ﮔ ترﻮﺻ
ﺖـﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮ .
ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ تﺎـﻋﻼﻃا يروآدﺮـﮔ راﺰـﺑا
ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
و ﻲﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺪﻛ زا ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ مﺮﻓ
ﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ هﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺮﺑ رد ﺆ
هدﻮـﺑ ﻲـﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺪـﻛ ﺖـﻳﺎﻋر ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛ
ﺖﺳا . ﺎﺑ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
SPSS 19
ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗو .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻫ :
ﺎﻫﺪﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ي
ﺗ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻦﻴﺑ رد مﺮ
7 ﺶﻴﺑ مﺮـﺗ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد زا ﺮﺗ 5
، ﻲﻳﺎـﻣﺎﻣ ﻂـﺑاور ﻪـﻄﻴﺣ رد
7 / 95 ﺪﺻرد
، ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ رد 6
/ 86 ﺪﺻرد و
ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ رد ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ يا
50 ﺪﺻرد دﻮﺑ .
ﺎﻫﺪﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺎـﺑ
ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ مﺮﺗ
، رﺎﻛ ﺖﻔﻴﺷ ﺖﺑﻮﻧ آ
يزﻮﻣ ﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻲﺑﺮﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا لﻮﺻا ﺖﻳﺎﻋر رﺮﻜﻣ يروآدﺎﻳ و ﻲ
ﺖﺷاد راد .
جﺎﺘﻨﺘﺳا :
ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
ا ﺖﻳﺎﻋر رﺮﻜﻣ يروآدﺎﻳ ﻪﻛ
ﺗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ﻲﺑﺮﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا لﻮﺻ ﺄ
يﺎﻫﺪـﻛ ﺖـﻳﺎﻋر ﺮﺑ راﺬﮔ ﺮﻴﺛ
ﻲﻣ لﺎﻨﻳژاو تﺎﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ رد ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
، ﺮﻓ رد ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ آ
ﺪﻨﻳ آ ﻲﻣ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
.
يﺪﻴﻠﻛ يﺎﻫ هژاو :
ﻲﻗﻼﺧا لﻮﺻا
، تﺎﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ لﺎﻨﻳژاو
، ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ
، ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
يژﻮـــﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ و تﺎـــﻋﻼﻃا نوﺰـــﻓازور ﺖﻓﺮﺸـــﻴﭘ ﺎـــﺑ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ
، ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ور ﻢﻫ نآ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا تﻼﻜﺸﻣ ﻦـﻳا زا ﻦﺘﺳﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳا مزﻻ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺎﻤﻨﻫار و ﺖﺳا
نﺎﺴــﻧا ﺖﻣﻼــﺳ زا تﻼﻜﺸــﻣ ﺪــﻨﻛ ﺖــﻇﺎﻔﺣ ﺎــﻫ
. ﺮــﻣا ﻦــﻳا
ﺑ ﻪ
ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ يروﺮﺿ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻪﻓﺮﺣ رد صﻮﺼﺧ ﺪﺳر
اﺮـﭼ ﻣﺎﻣ ﻪﻛ
ـ ﻓﺮﺣ رد ﺎ ـ دﻮﺧ ﻪ
، ﻢﻫ ز ﻣ ـ
ﺴﻧا ود ﺎﺑ نﺎ ـ
رﺎـﻛ و ﺮﺳ نﺎ
ﻲﺼــﺨﺸﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﺴــﻧا قﻮــﻘﺣ ياراد ماﺪــﻛ ﺮــﻫ ﻪــﻛ دراد ﺴﻫ ـ ﻨﺘ ـ ﺪ
) 1
، 2
. (
هرود ﻣآرﺎﻛ يﺎﻫ ـ
يزﻮ ﻳـ ـﻜ ـ ﺑ زا ﻲ ـ ﺘﻬ ـ ـﻳﺮ ـ ﻦ
نﺎﻣز ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎـﺑ يﺎـﻫ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﻲﺳﺎﺳا ﺻا ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ
ـ ﻗﻼﺧا لﻮ ـ ﻄﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻲ ـ
يرﺎﻛ ﻪ
لﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻒﻟﻮﻣ :
يزﺮﻣاﺮﻓ ﻪﻤﻃﺎﻓ راوﺰﺒﺳ-
: راوﺰﺒﺳ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
، ﻲﻨﻴﺒﻣ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ E-mail:[email protected]
1 . ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﺪﺷرا سﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ
، راوﺰﺒﺳ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ناﺮﻳا ،راوﺰﺒﺳ ،
2 . ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ سﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،
راوﺰﺒﺳ ناﺮﻳا ،راوﺰﺒﺳ ،
3 . ﻲﺗﺎﻴﺣ رﺎﻣآ ﺪﺷرا سﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ
، مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ راوﺰﺒﺳ ناﺮﻳا ،راوﺰﺒﺳ ،
ﺖﻓﺎﻳرد ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
22 / 3 / 1392 تﺎﺣﻼﺻا ﺖﻬﺟ عﺎﺟرا ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
26 / 4 / 1392 ﺐﻳﻮﺼﺗ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
18 / 6 / 1392
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻧﺎﻏﺎﺑ ﺎﻳور
ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
ﺪﻧزﻮﻣﺎﻴﺑ ار دﻮﺧ
) 3
، 4
.(
ترﺎـﻬﻣ شزﻮﻣآ مﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﺎـﻫ
راﺮـﻗ ﺮﻈﻧﺪﻣ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ﻲﻧﺎﺒﻣ دﺎﻳز ﺖﻴﻤﻫا ﺪﻳﺎﺑ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻪﺑ
ﭘ رد ﺎﺗ دﻮﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ هرود نﺎﻳﺎ
4 ﻪﻟﺎﺳ
،
ﻧا ﻪـﺑ ردﺎـﻗ داﺮﻓا مﺎـﺠ
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﺒﻣ ﻦﻳا ﻲﻟﻮﺻاو ﺢﻴﺤﺻ .
ﻻد ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ رد ترﻮـﺻ شرﺎـﻜﻤﻫ و مار
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ
، ﻪـﻠﻤﺟ زا ﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ رﺮـﻜﻣ تﺎـﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ مﺎـﺠﻧا
ﺪـﺷ شراﺰـﮔ رادرﺎـﺑ ناردﺎﻣ ياﺮﺑ از سﺮﺘﺳا تﺎﻣاﺪﻗا
) 5
.(
تﺎـﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ مﺎـﺠﻧا زا ﻲـﺷﺎﻧ ضراﻮـﻋ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ياﺮﺑ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻻ لﺎــﻨﻳژاو رد ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎــﺑ شزﻮــﻣآ ياﺪــﺘﺑا نﺎــﻤﻫ زا ﺖــﺳا مز
هرود هﮋــﻳو ﻪــﺟﻮﺗ يزﻮﻣآرﺎــﻛ يﺎــﻫ شزﻮــﻣآ ﻪــﺑ ﻢــﻫ يا
ﻪﻓﺮﺣ قﻼﺧا دﻮﺸﺑ يا
.
ًارﺮـﻜﻣ دﻮـﺧ ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ لﺎﺳ لﻮﻃ رد نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺮﮔا ﺖﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺮـﻴﻏ رﻮﻣا مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﺑ رﻮﺒﺠﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا
، ﻪـﺑ و ﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻚﻳ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ دﻮﺧ ياﺮﺑ روﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ
ناﻮﻨﻋ
نﺎﺴـﻧا ﻚـﻳ
، ﻒـﻳﺮﻌﺗ ار ﻲـﻳاﺰﺠﻣ ﻲـﻗﻼﺧا لﻮـﺻا
ﻲﻣ ﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻪ دﻮﺧﺎﻧ رﻮـﻃ آ
شزرا ﺮـﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺐﺒـﺳ هﺎـﮔ يﺎـﻫ
نآ ﻲــﻣ ﺎــﻫ دﻮــﺷ . ﻦﻴــﺑ رد ﻲــﻗﻼﺧا لﻮــﺻا ندﺮــﻛ ﻪــﻨﻳدﺎﻬﻧ
نآ ندﻮﻤﻧ هدﺎﻣآو نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻲﮔﺪﻧز ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ
هﺪﻨﻳآ يا
هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ زا ﻲﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺖﺳﺎﻫ
) 6
.(
ﻪـﺑ ور ﻦﻳا زا
ﺪــﻛ ﺖــﻳﺎﻋر ناﺰــﻴﻣ ﻲــﺳرﺮﺑ مﺎــﺠﻧا مﺎــﮕﻨﻫ ﻲــﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫ
ﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و نﺎﻤﻳاز ﺶﺨﺑ رد لﺎﻨﻳژاو تﺎﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﺆ
رد نآ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛ
لﺎﺳ رد راوﺰﺒﺳ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد 91
ﺪـﺷ ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﺎـﺑ ﺎـﺗ
ﺑ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا زا ﻪﻛ ﻲﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﻪ
ﻲﻣ ﺖﺳد
ﻪـﺷﻮﮔ ﻪـﺑ ﺪﻳآ يا
دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ تﻼﻜﺸﻣ ﺎﻳ ﺺﻗاﻮﻧ زا ﻪﺘﺧادﺮﭘ
و ﻪـﻨﻴﻣز
ﻪــﻧﻮﮔ ﻪــﺑ ﻢﻫاﺮــﻓ يا دﻮــﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎــﺳ
اد ﻪــﻛ نﺎــﮕﺘﺧﻮﻣآ ﺶــﻧ
هﺮﻬﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ
شزﻮـﻣآ زا يﺪـﻨﻣ
مزﻻ يﺎـﻫ
، ﻪـﺑ هﺪـﻨﻳآ رد
زا ناردﺎـﻣ ﺖﻳﺎـﺿر ﻆـﻔﺣ ﺎـﺑ ﺪـﻨﻧاﻮﺘﺑ ﺪﻬﻌﺘﻣ يﺎﻣﺎﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ
نآ ﺎـﺑ درﻮـﺧﺮﺑ ﻲﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼ
ﺖـﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻪـﺋارا هﻮـﺤﻧ و ﺎـﻫ يﺎـﻫ
ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ
، و هداﻮﻧﺎـﺧ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ءﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻬﺟ ار دﻮﺧ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ
ﺪﻨﻫد شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ
) 7
.(
و داﻮﻣ شور ﺎﻫ
زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ عﻮﻧ
-
ﻲﻣ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
مﺮـﺗ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد زا يرﺎﻤﺷﺮﺳ شور ﻪﺑ و ﻲﻌﻄﻘﻣ ترﻮﺻ 5
و 7 ﻪـﻛ راوﺰﺒـﺳ ﻲﻜـﺷﺰﭘ مﻮـﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸـﻧاد ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻪﺘﺷر
ًﺎﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ 43
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﺮﻔﻧ
،
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ .
يروآدﺮـﮔ راﺰـﺑا
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا :
1 - ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ ﻪﺘﺧﺎـﺳ ﺮﮕﺸـﻫوﮋﭘ
ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ 15 رﺎـﺘﻓر
مﺎـﺠﻧا ﺎـﺑ ﻪـﻄﺑار رد رﺎﻈﺘﻧا درﻮﻣ ﺮـﺑ ﻪـﻛ لﺎـﻨﻳژاو تﺎـﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ
ﻪـﻄﻴﺣ ﻪـﺳ ﻪـﺑ ﻲﻳﺎـﻣﺎﻣ قﻼـﺧا ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﻛ سﺎﺳا
،
ﻲﻳﺎـﻣﺎﻣ ﻂﺑاور )
8 ـﺳ ﺆ لا ( ،
ﻲﻳﺎـﻣﺎﻣ دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ )
3 ـﺳ ﺆ لا ( و
ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ يا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ )
4 ﺳ ﺆ لا ( ﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ
) 12 - 8
.(
2 - ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ مﺮﻓ 9
ـﺳ ﺆ
ﺶـﺨﺑ ﻪـﺳ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﻛ لا
،
ﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ )
5 ـﺳ ﺆ لا (
، ﻪـﺑ طﻮـﺑﺮﻣ ﻞـﻣاﻮﻋ
ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ) 2 ـﺳ ﺆ لا ( و
سرﺪـﻣ ﻪـﺑ طﻮـﺑﺮﻣ ﻞـﻣاﻮﻋ )
2
ﺳ ﺆ لا ( ﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ .
ﻲﻤﻠﻋ رﺎﺒﺘﻋا ﻚﭼ
ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﺎـﺑ ﺮـﻈﻧ ﺶـﻧاد نﺎـﮕﺘﺧﻮﻣآ
ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻪـﺑ ترﻮـﺻ ﻲـﻳاور يﻮـﺘﺤﻣ
شﺮﻳﺬـﭘ درﻮـﻣ راﺮـﻗ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﭼ زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﺎﺑ
نﻮـﻣزآ دﺪـﺠﻣ
،
78 ﺪــﺻرد دروآﺮــﺑ ﺪــﺷ . رد ﻲــﺑﺮﻣ هاﺮــﻤﻫ ﻪــﺑ ﺮﮕﺸــﻫوﮋﭘ
رﺎﻛ آ
زا و هﺪﺷ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ يزﻮﻣ
ﻲـﻣ ﺖـﺳاﻮﺧرد ﻲـﺑﺮﻣ دﺮـﻛ
ﺮﻓ زا ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد عﻼﻃا نوﺪﺑ آ
ﻪـﻛ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﺑ يو زا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺪﻨﻳ
ﺖﺴـﻴﻟ ﻚـﭼ ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﻴـﻤﻫ رد ﻪـﻛ ﺪـﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻪﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ ار ردﺎﻣ زا ﻖـــﻴﻘﺤﺗ نﺎـــﻳﺎﭘ زا ﺲـــﭘ و ﻞـــﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﻖـــﻘﺤﻣ ﻂـــﺳﻮﺗ ﺖﻛﺮــﺷ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼــﻣ مﺮــﻓ و ﺪــﺷ ﻪــﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺖﻳﺎــﺿر نﺎﮔﺪــﻨﻨﻛ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻂﺳﻮﺗ .
زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﺎﺑ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا
ﻴﺻﻮﺗ رﺎﻣآ
نﻮﻣزآ و ﻲﻔ يﺎﻫ
و t ANOVA
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ و
مﺮﻧ راﺰﻓا
SPSS 19
درﻮﻣ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ .
ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ
ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد 43
زا ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
نﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳا 23 مﺮﺗ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺮﻔﻧ 5
و 20 مﺮﺗ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺮﻔﻧ
7 ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ . ﻲﻣﻮـﺑ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد 28
و ﺮـﻔﻧ 15 يﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد ﺮـﻔﻧ
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﻲﻣﻮﺑ ﺮﻴﻏ .
27 لﺪـﻌﻣ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد زا ﺮـﻔﻧ 18
- 17 و
15 لﺪﻌﻣ ﺮﻔﻧ 16
- 15 و 1
ﻢﻛ لﺪﻌﻣ ﺮﻔﻧ زا ﺮﺗ
15
ﺖـﺷاد .
تﺎــﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ مﺎــﺠﻧا مﺎــﮕﻨﻫ ﻲــﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺪــﻛ ﺖــﻳﺎﻋر ناﺰــﻴﻣ ﻲــﻠﻛ رﻮــﻃ ﻪــﺑ لﺎــﻨﻳژاو 35
/ 76 ﺪــﺻرد ﺪــﺷ شراﺰــﮔ .
ﻪــﺑ
ﻂـﺑاور ﻪـﻄﻴﺣ رد هﺪـﻣآ ﺖـﺳد ﻪـﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﺻرد ﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃ
ﻲﻳﺎــﻣﺎﻣ 5 / 95
،ﺪــﺻرد ﻲﻳﺎــﻣﺎﻣ دﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪــﻄﻴﺣ رد 6
/ 86
ﺪــﺻرد ﻪــﻓﺮﺣ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴــﻣ ﻪــﻄﻴﺣ رد و يا
50 ﺪــﺻرد دﻮــﺑ .
دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ مﺮﺗ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد 5
ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻂﺑاور ﻪﻄﻴﺣ رد 54
/ 75
،ﺪــﺻرد ﻲﻳﺎــﻣﺎﻣ دﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪــﻄﻴﺣ رد 95
/ 86 ﺪــﺻرد رد و
ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ يا
84 / 43 ﺪﺻرد ﺪـﺻرد ﻞـﻛ رد و
هوﺮﮔ ﻦﻳا رد ﻲﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺪﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر 77
/ 77 ﺪﺻرد دﻮـﺑ
مﺮﺗ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد و 7
ﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﺻرد ﺐﻴ 08
/ 90 ﺪﺻرد و
22 / 87 ﺪــﺻرد و 83 / 55 ﺪــﺻرد صﺎﺼــﺘﺧا دﻮــﺧ ﻪــﺑ ار
هوﺮـﮔ ﻦـﻳا رد ﺎﻫﺪـﻛ ﻪـﻴﻠﻛ زا هﺪﺷ ﺐﺴﻛ ﺪﺻرد و ﺪﻧداد 4 / 94 ﺪﺻرد دﻮﺑ . ﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺆ ﺎﻫﺪـﻛ ﺖـﻳﺎﻋر ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛ رد
لوﺪﺟ هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ .
هرﺎﻤﺷ لوﺪﺟ 1
: ﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ﻚﻳﺮﻫ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺆ
يﺎﻫﺪﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر رد ﺮﺛ
ﺮﻫ رد ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻪﺳ
ﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺆ ﺮﺛ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻂﺑاور ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ يا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ
ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ مﺮﺗ 041
/ p=0 048 / p=0 035 / p=0
ندﻮﺑ ﻲﻣﻮﺑ ﺮﻴﻏ ﺎﻳ ﻲﻣﻮﺑ
081 / p=0 072 / p=0 091 / p=0
ﻞﻛ لﺪﻌﻣ 065
/ p=0 068 / p=0 14 / p=0
ﻲﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺪﻛ زا ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ
074 / p=0 065 / p=0 078 / p=0
يرﺎﻛ ﺖﻔﻴﺷ 044 / p=0 067 / p=0 088 / p=0
ﺖﻔﻴﺷ ﻲﻏﻮﻠﺷ 065 / p=0 076 / p=0 11 / p=0
لﺎﻨﻳژاو ﻪﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻒﻳﺎﻇو ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ
087 / p=0 078 / p=0 10 / p=0
ﻲﻗﻼﺧا لﻮﺻا ﺖﻳﺎﻋر رﺮﻜﻣ يروآدﺎﻳ
043 / p=0 033 / p=0 040 / p=0
ﺚﺤﺑ
دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪـﻛ داد نﺎﺸـﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد
رد ﻪـﻄﻴﺣ
بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ ﻂﺑاور
،
ﻤﻋ ﻪـﻄﻴﺣ رد
ًﺎﺘﺒﺴـﻧ ﻲﻳﺎـﻣﺎﻣ دﺮـﻜﻠ
ﻪــﻓﺮﺣ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴــﻣ ﻪــﻄﻴﺣ رد و بﻮــﻠﻄﻣ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎــﻧ يا
دﻮــﺑ .
ﻪــﻓﺮﺣ ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴــﻣ ﺶــﺨﺑ دﻮــﺑ ﻪــﻨﻳﺰﮔ رﺎــﻬﭼ ﻞﻣﺎــﺷ يا
: 1 -
نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﻛ ردﺎﻣ ﻲﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻢﻳﺮﺣ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر
ﺪﻨﺘــﺷاد بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎــﻧ يدﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋ .
و هاﻮــﺧداد ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ
، ﻢﻳﺮﺣ و تﻮﻠﺧ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد زاﺮﺑا نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺮﺜﻛا
ﻲﺻﻮﺼﺧ نآ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺸﻧ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر ﺎﻫ
) 13
، 14
.(
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ﻪﻛ يا
، ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﺮﺒﻤﻴﺳ
نﺎﺘـﺳدﺮﻛ رد
ﺪﻧداد مﺎﺠﻧا
،
رﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻢﻳﺮﺣ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر صﻮﺼﺧ رد
، يدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
ًﺎﺘﺒﺴﻧ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد بﻮﻠﻄﻣ
) 15
.(
2 - زا ﻞـﺒﻗ ﻲﻓﺎـﻛ ﺢﻴـﺿﻮﺗ ﻪﺋارا
ﻪــﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ فﺪــﻫ درﻮــﻣ رد ﻪــﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋــﭘ ﻦــﻳا رد ﻪــﻛ
،
ﺪﻨﺘــﺷاد بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎــﻧ يدﺮــﻜﻠﻤﻋ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸــﻧاد .
ﻄﻣ رد ﻪــﻌﻟﺎ ﺮﺒﻤﻴﺳ
، ﺎﻫﺎﻣﺎﻣ
،
ًﺎﺘﺒﺴـﻧ يدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
ﺪﻨﺘـﺷاد بﻮـﻠﻄﻣ
) 15
.(
3 -
ﻪﮕﻧ ﻊﻠﻄﻣ
ﺖﻤﺴـﻗ ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﻛ نﺎﻤﻳاز ﺖﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ زا ردﺎﻣ ﻦﺘﺷاد ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎـﺑ ﻪـﻛ ﺪﻨﺘـﺷاد بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎـﻧ يدﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
هاﻮﺧداد
، ﻢﻫ ﺖﺷاد ﻲﻧاﻮﺧ
) 13
.(
ﺮﺒﻤﻴﺳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
،
نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد بﻮﻠﻄﻣ يدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ صﻮﺼﺧ ﻦﻳا رد
) 15
.(
4 - ﺎﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر تﺎـﻨﻳﺎﻌﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا رد ﻪﺘﻴﻠﻳﺮﺘﺳا لﻮﺻا ﻞﻣ
لﺎﻨﻳژاو
ﻪـﻛ يدﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد ﺮـﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ رد
ﺷاد بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ ﺪﻨﺘ
ﺎﻣا
ﺮﺒﻤﻴﺳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
، بﻮﻠﻄﻣ يدﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ
نآ زا
ﺪﺷ شراﺰﮔ ﺎﻫ
) 15
.(
مﺮـﺗ ﺎـﺑ ﺎﻫﺪﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ
ﻲﻠﻴﺼﺤﺗ
،
رﺎـﻛ ﺖﻔﻴـﺷ ﺖـﺑﻮﻧ آ
دﺎـﻳ و يزﻮﻣ آ
ﺎﻫﺪـﻛ يرو
ﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻲﺑﺮﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲ
ﺖـﺷاد دﻮﺟو يراد .
نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد
مﺮــﺗ 7 مﺮــﺗ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸــﻧاد ﻪــﺑ ﺖﺒﺴــﻧ 5
ار ﻲــﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫﺪــﻛ
ﺶﻴﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ هدﺮﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر ﺮﺗ ﻦﺘـﺷاد ﻞـﻴﻟد ﻪـﺑ ﺪـﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺶﻴﺑ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ و ﺮﺗ
نآ لﺎﺒﻧد ﻪﺑ مﺮﺗ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺮﺘﻬﺑ كرد
7
ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ ﺰـﻴﻧ نﺎـﻤﻳاز مﺎﮕﻨﻫ رد ناردﺎﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ .
رد
ﺮﺘﺸـﻴﺑ ﺖـﻳﺎﻋر ﺮـﮕﻳد ﺖﻔﻴـﺷ ود ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺒﺴـﻧ ﺢﺒـﺻ ﺖﻔﻴﺷ ﻫﺪﻛ
ﻲﻣ ﻢﺸﭼ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻗﻼﺧا يﺎ درﻮﺧ
. ﻲـﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ رد ﻲﻓﺮﻃ زا
ﺪــﻧداد مﺎــﺠﻧا ﺶﻧارﺎــﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻧﺎﻳﺮﻴﺼــﻧ ﻪــﻛ
، هﺮــﻤﻧ ﺮﺗﻻﺎــﺑ
ترﺎــﻬﻣ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎــﺑ ﺶــﻧاد ﻪــﺑ ﻖــﻠﻌﺗ ﺢﺒــﺻ ﺖﻔﻴــﺷ نﺎــﮕﺘﺧﻮﻣآ
ﺖﺷاد
) 16
، 17
. (
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ فﻼﺧ ﺮﺑ ﺮـﺿﺎﺣ
ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ﻪـﻛ يا
ﺪــﻧداد مﺎــﺠﻧا ﺶﻧارﺎــﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻤﻴﻠــﺳ
، ناﺰــﻴﻣ ﻦﻴــﺑ ترﺎــﻬﻣ
رد نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﺶﺨﺑ
يﺎﻫ ﮋﻳو ه ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ و لﺪﻌﻣ
مﺮـﺗ يﺎـﻫ
ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻲﻨﻌﻣ راد يرﺎﻣآ هﺪﻳد ﺪﺷ
) 18
.(
ﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ﻪ
ﻦﻴـﺑ نارﺎـﻜﻤﻫ و نﺎﻴﻛ ﻲﻤﻴﺣر ﻲﻫﺎـﮔآ
و
دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﺎـﻫﺎﻣﺎﻣ
طﺎـﺒﺗرا ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴـﻣ دﻮـﺟو يﻮـﻗ
ﺖﺷاد
) 7
.(
ﺎﻣا يﺎﻫﺪـﻛ زا ﻲﻫﺎـﮔآ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد
نآ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر و ﻲﻗﻼﺧا
ـﻨﻌﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺎﻫ ﻲ
ﺪﺸـﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸـﻣ يراد
ﻈﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺮ
Fahey
ﻪﻛ ﻲـﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﻚـﻳدﺰﻧ ﺪـﻨﭼﺮﻫ ﺪﺴـﻳﻮﻧ 97
ﺪﺻرد نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
، دﻮﺧ ﻲﺳرد ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ رد ار قﻼﺧا سرد
ﻲﻣ
نآ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻟو ﺪﻨﻧارﺬﮔ
ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد ﺎﻫ نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
يﺮﻴﮔ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ رد نﺎﻧآ ﺖﻳﺎﻔﻛ مﺪﻋ زا
ﺖﺳا ﻲﻗﻼﺧا يﺎﻫ
،
ﻢﻫ دراد ﻲﻧاﻮﺧ
) 19
، 20 (
.
ﻲﻣ نﺎﻳﺎﭘ رد ﻪـﻛ دﺮـﻛ يﺮـﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ناﻮﺗ
ﻲـﻣ ﺖﺴـﻳﺎﺑ
ﺑﺮﻣ رﺎــﻛ ﻲــﻃ رد مﺮــﺘﺤﻣ نﺎــﻴ آ
يﺎــﻘﺗرا يﺎﺘــﺳار رد يزﻮﻣ
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻧﺎﻏﺎﺑ ﺎﻳور
ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
ﺶﻴﺑ ﻪﭼﺮﻫ ؛ﻲﻳﺎـﻣﺎﻣ ﻪـﻓﺮﺣ رد ﻲـﻗﻼﺧا لﻮـﺻا ياﺮـﺟا ﺮﺗ
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ
دﺎﻳ ﻪﺑ آ ﺎـﻄﺧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ مﺎﮕﻨﻫ ﺎﻫﺪﻛ ﻦﻳا ﺖﻳﺎﻋر يرو
ﻮﺠﺸﻧاد يﻮﺳ زا
، ﺶﻴﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد يﺮﺗ
.
يراﺰﮕﺳﺎﭙﺳ
ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﻲﻳﻮﺠﺸـﻧاد تﺎـﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻛ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ زا ﻪﻠﻴﺳو
ﺟرا نﺎﻴﺑﺮﻣ و راوﺰﺒﺳ ﻦـﻳا ياﺮـﺟا يﺎﺘﺳار رد ار ﺎﻣ ﻪﻛ يﺪﻨﻤ
هدﻮﻤﻧ يرﺎﻳ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺪﻧا
، ﻲﻣ يراﺰﮕﺳﺎﭙﺳ و ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ﻢﻴﻳﺎﻤﻧ
.
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