دﺮﺧ و نﺎﺟ ﺪﻧواﺪﺧ مﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ
ناﺮﻳا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻦﻤﺠﻧا ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ -
هرود مرﺎﻬﭼ هرﺎﻤﺷ - 1 ) ﻲﭘﺎﻴﭘ 13 - ( نﺎﺘﺴﻣز 1393
ﺐﺣﺎﺻ• زﺎﻴﺘﻣا ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻦﻤﺠﻧا : يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
ناﺮﻳا
ﺮﻳﺪﻣ• لوﺆﺴﻣ ﻲﻨﻴﺴﺣ ﻲﻠﻋﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛد :
ﺮﻴﺑدﺮﺳ• ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻐﻳ هﺪﻳﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﻛد:
نوﺎﻌﻣ• ﺮﻴﺑدﺮﺳ ﻦﻴﻣا : ﻲﻠﺟا
هرﺎﻤﺷ• ﻲﻣﻼﺳا دﺎﺷرا و ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ترازو زﻮﺠﻣ :
90 / 8067 خرﻮﻣ 4 / 4 / 1390
ﻲﭘﺎﭼ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﻦﻴﺑ هرﺎﻤﺷ• 8614:
- ISSN: 2251 خرﻮﻣ 10 / 12 / 1390
ﻦﻴﺑ هرﺎﻤﺷ• ﻲﻜﻴﻧوﺮﺘﻜﻟا ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟا
9947: - e-ISSN:2251 خرﻮﻣ 8 / 3 / 1391
ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﺒﺗر خرﻮﻣ ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ-
16 / 2 / 1391 ﻪﺒﺗر هرﺎﻤﺷ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ
- ﻛ ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ شزﻮﻣآ و نﺎﻣرد ،ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ترازو تﺎﻳﺮﺸﻧ نﻮﻴﺴﻴﻤ 318
/ 100
ﻪﻳﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ تﺄﻴﻫ يﺎﻀﻋا )
ﺎﺒﻔﻟا فوﺮﺣ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ :(
ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ،باﺮﺗ ﻚﺷا هﺮﻫﺎﻃ ﺮﺘﻛد- ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ
،ﺮﻓ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺳاﺮﻓا ﺮﻴﺷدرا ﺮﺘﻛد- رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا
هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ جﻮﺳﺎﻳ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ
ﺮﺘﻛد- ﻪﻤﻃﺎﻓ
،ﻲﻧﺎﺤﻟا رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ﮕﺸﻧاد هﺎ ﺖﻴﺑﺮﺗ سرﺪﻣ
ﻲﺸﺨﺑ ﻪﻟا ﺖﻳﺎﻨﻋ ﺮﺘﻛد-
، رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا ﻲﺗﺎﻴﺣ رﺎﻣآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺰﻬﺑ و ﻲﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ
يدﺎﮔرازﺎﭘ شﻮﻧﺮﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﻛد- ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ،
ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ،يوﺮﻴﭘ ﺪﻴﻤﺣ ﺮﺘﻛد- ناﺮﻬﺗ
رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ،ﻲﻏاﺮﭼ ﻲﻠﻋﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛد- ﻬﺗ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
ناﺮ
رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ،ﻲﻨﻴﺴﺣ ﻲﻠﻋﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛد- هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺰﻬﺑ و ﻲﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺳ ﺮﺘﻛد- دﺎﺘﺳا ،ﻲﻳﻮﻜﺳا ﺖﺳوﺪﻘﺣ ﻪﻤﻃﺎﻓ هﺪﻴ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
ناﺮﻬﺗ
ﺮﺘﻛد- ﺎﺿرﺪﻴﻤﺣ
،ﻪﻜﻧﺎﺧ رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺰﻬﺑ و ﻲﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺮﺘﻛد-
،هژر ﺪﻴﻫﺎﻧ رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
هﺪﻨﺧﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﻛد- ﻒﻳﺮﺷ
، زاﺮﻴﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد دﺎﺘﺳا
يﺪﺑﺎﻋ ﻲﻠﻋرﺪﻴﺣ ﺮﺘﻛد- نﺎﻬﻔﺻا ﻲﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ،
- نﺎﮕﺳارﻮﺧ
ﺮﺘﻛد- سﺎﺒﻋ
،يدﺎﺒﻋ رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﷲا
،هداز سﺎﺒﻋ سﺎﺒﻋ ﺮﺘﻛد- دﺎﺘﺳا
مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ
ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ حاﺪﻣ ﺮﻗﺎﺑﺪﻴﺳ تادﺎﺳ ﺮﺘﻛد-
، رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺰﻬﺑ و ﻲﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ
ﻲﻤﻃﺎﻓ ﺪﻴﺳ ﻪﻤﻴﻌﻧ ﺮﺘﻛد- ،
رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ناﺮﻬﺗ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
بﺎﻨﻜﺸﺧ ﻲﺣﻼﻓ دﻮﻌﺴﻣ ﺮﺘﻛد-
، ﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ر هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺰﻬﺑ و ﻲﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺎﻴﻟاﺮﺘﺳا ،ﻲﻧﺪﻴﺳ يروﺎﻨﻓ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا ،هداز ﻲﻠﻗ ﻼﻴﻟ ﺮﺘﻛد-
ﻮﻠﻤﻳﺮﻛ دﻮﻌﺴﻣ ﺮﺘﻛد- رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ،
ﺗﺎﻴﺣ رﺎﻣآ ﻲ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺰﻬﺑ و ﻲﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ
يراﻮﻛ ﻪﻟا ﺐﻴﺒﺣ ﺪﻴﺳ ﺮﺘﻛد- رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا ،
هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺰﻬﺑ و ﻲﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ
هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد ،رﻮﭘ ظﻮﻔﺤﻣ دﺎﻌﺳ ﺮﺘﻛد- ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ
رﻮﭘ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﻛد- ،
رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ دﺎﺑﺎﻨﮔ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ
يﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻲﺴﻴﻋ ﺮﺘﻛد-
، رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺗ ﺖﻴﺑﺮ سرﺪﻣ
دادﺮﻬﻣ اﺪﻧ ﺮﺘﻛد-
، رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ناﺮﻬﺗ
هﺪﻧرﺎﮕﻧ ﺎﺿر ﺮﺘﻛد- ،
دﺎﺘﺳا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ناﺮﻬﺗ
يزورﻮﻧ نﺎﻴﻛ ﺮﺘﻛد- يﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ
ﻲﺸﺨﺒﻧاﻮﺗ و ﻲﺘﺴﻳﺰﻬﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا ،
يدﺎﺑآﺮﺼﻧ ﺖﺨﺒﻜﻴﻧﺎﺿﺮﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﻛد-
، دﺎﺘﺳا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ناﺮﻬﺗ
هﺪﻴﺠﻣ ﺮﺘﻛد- يوﺮﻫ يﻮﻤﻳﺮﻛ
، رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻐﻳ هﺪﻳﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﻛد-
، رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ
رﺎﺘﺳاﺮﻳو• ﻲﺴﻴﻠﮕﻧا ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻐﻳ هﺪﻳﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﻛد:
ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻐﻳ هﺎﮕﭘ ، )
يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد دﺎﻧﺎﻛ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ياﺮﺘﻛد ا(
رﺎﺘﺳاﺮﻳو• ﻲﺳرﺎﻓ ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻐﻳ هﺪﻳﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﻛد:
ﻲﻨﻴﭽﻓوﺮﺣ• و
ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﻲﻳارآ ﺎﺻ سﺪﻨﻬﻣ: ﻲﻠﻛﻮﺗ قد
حاﺮﻃ• ﺪﻠﺟ سﺪﻨﻬﻣ: ﻲﻠﻛﻮﺗ قدﺎﺻ
ﺮﺷﺎﻧ• ﻦﻤﺠﻧا: ﻲﻤﻠﻋ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳا
ﻲﻧﺎﺸﻧ• ناﺮﻬﺗ : ﺪﻴﺣﻮﺗ ناﺪﻴﻣ ناﺮﻬﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ و يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد-
ﻲﺘﺴﭘﺪﻛ• 1419733171: قوﺪﻨﺻ
ﻲﺘﺴﭘ 398: / 14195 ﻦﻔﻠﺗ و ﺮﺑﺎﻤﻧ 66592535 :
E-mail: [email protected], Website: http://jhpm.ir
رد ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﻦﻳا SID, Magiran, Iran Medex, ISC, Google Scholar
دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻳﺎﻤﻧ .
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ هرود
4 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 نﺎﺘﺴﻣز 1393 79 - 72
ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا ﺎﺑ
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ
ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز
،1
رﺎﺸﻓا مﺮﻛا يردﺎﻧ هﮋﻴﻨﻣ ،2
،3
ﺪﺠﻣ يﻮﻠﻋ ﺪﻴﻤﺣ 4
هﺪﻴﻜﭼ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻲﻣ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ: ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺶﻘﻧ يرﺎﻛ ﻲﮔﺪﻧز ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ و ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺖﻳﺎﺿر ،ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ،نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ءﺎﻘﺑا رد ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
، تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﻣا
مﺎﺠﻧا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ ار ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻧا
. ﺎﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا زا فﺪﻫ اﺬﻟ
دﻮﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ .
و داﻮﻣ شور ﺎﻫ ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻚﻳ ،ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا: -
ﺖﺳا ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ .
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا رد 120
نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ رد ﻞﻏﺎﺷ رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺑاو يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ شور ﺎﺑ زﺮﺒﻟا ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺪﻧﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ يﺮﻴﮔ
. ﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
"
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻋﺪﻨﭼ
يﺮﺒﻫر
) Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (
"
و
"
ﻲﻨﻤﻳا و ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﻳاﺮﺟا ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ )
Health and Safety
Executive Questionnaire (
"
ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ زا ﺲﭘ ﻲﻳاور
اﻮﺘﺤﻣ يرﻮﺻ و و ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻲﻧورد ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻤﻫ شور ﻪﺑ ﻪﺑ
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻊﻤﺟ هداد يروآ ﺎﻫ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳادرﻮﻣ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ
. هداد زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ مﺮﻧ
راﺰﻓا ﻪﺨﺴﻧSPSS
20 ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ درﻮﻣ .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ :ﺎﻫ ﻚﺒﺳ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ يﺮﺒﻫر 52
ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ و ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ عﻮﻧ زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺪﺻرد 73
ﺪﺻرد نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
دﻮﺑ ﻢﻛ . نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻛ داد
ﺶﻨﺗ هﺮﻤﻧ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ رد ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻌﺗ و اﺮﮔ
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ دﻮﺑ ﻢﻛ
. ﻚﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ اﺮﮔ
) 35 / 0 -
= ،r 001 / 0
<
(P ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ و )
32 / 0 -
= ،r 001 / 0
<
(P يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ يرﺎﻣآ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد . ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ :يﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ
، ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﻣ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ
ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺶﻨﺗ
ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ دﻮﺷ . اﺬﻟ ﻲﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ دﻮﺷ
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻚﺒﺳ زا
يﺮﺒﻫر يﺎﻫ ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ
لﻮﺤﺗ و هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا اﺮﮔ ﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ
ﺪ . ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﻪﻨﻴﻣز و يﺎﻫ هﺪﻨﻨﻛدﺎﺠﻳا ﺗ ﺪﻨﻫﺎﻜﺑ ار ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨ .
هژاوﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﺎﻫ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ،ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ،يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ:
ﺖﻓﺎﻳرد ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ : 17 / 10 / 1393 شﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ
: 8 / 11 / 1393
1 - رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا ناﺮﻳا ،ناﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ و يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ هوﺮﮔ ﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ) .
ﺆ لو .(
ﻲﻜﻴﻧوﺮﺘﻜﻟا ﺖﺴﭘ :
2 - ﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ و يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ﻲﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻛ ﻮﻀﻋ ،يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ناﺮﻳا ،نا
.
3 - ﺪﺷرا سﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ ﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻲﻳﺎﻣﺎﻣ و يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ هوﺮﮔ
ناﺮﻳا ،ناﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻲ .
4 - دﺎﺘﺳا ناﺮﻳا ،ناﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘاﺮﻴﭘ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﻲﺘﺴﻳز رﺎﻣآ هوﺮﮔ .
زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ...
ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ
هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
73 هرود
4 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 ز نﺎﺘﺴﻣ 1393
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
مﺎﻤﺗ ياﺮﺑ يﺮﺒﻫر نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ
ﺎﻫ مزﻻ فاﺪﻫا ﻪﺑ نﺪﻴﺳر ﺖﻬﺟ
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛا ﻪﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺘﺳد ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﺳﺎﺳا يﺮﺼﻨﻋ و ﺖﺳا )
1 (
ﺖﺳا ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ و )
2 ( . ﻪﺳﺎﻨﺷ زا ﻲﻜﻳ يﺮﺒﻫر هزوﺮﻣا يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﮕﺘﻓﺎﻳ رﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ مﺎﻈﻧ رد ﻲﻣ
دور قاﺮﺘﻓا ﻪﺟو و
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺖﺳا ﻖﻓﻮﻣﺎﻧ و ﻖﻓﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ )
3 ( . زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ناﺮﺒﻫر
ﻚﺒﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ رد ار دﺎﻤﺘﻋا رﺬﺑ
و ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﻦﻴﻤﻀﺗ ﺮﻣا ﻦﻳا زا ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ فﺪﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧرﺎﻜﺑ رازﺎﺑ رد ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ
تﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻗر )
4 (.
ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ لﺎﺣ رد يﺎﻫزﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ يزوﺮﻣا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺶﻟﺎﭼ
ًﺎﻤﺋاد ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﻦﻴﻤﻀﺗ و ﺖﺳا ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ لﺎﺣ رد
ﻚﺒﺳ زا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﺒﻫر هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يزوﺮﻣا يﺮﺒﻫر ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 4 ( ﻪﻛاﺮﭼ هﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﻲﮔﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﺎﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻒﻳﺎﻇو نﺪﺷ ﺮﺗ
ترﺎﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﺳا هاﺮﻤﻫ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ يﺮﺒﻫر يﺎﻫ
) 3 (.
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا رد ﺮﺒﻫر ترﺎﻬﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ
ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ
ﺖﺳا ﻲﻳﺎﻀﺘﻗا .
ﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ زا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ رد ﺮﺒﻫر رﺎﻛ هﻮﻴﺷ ،يﺮ
ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ياﺮﺟا ،ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ ﺖﺳا دﻮﺧ ناوﺮﻴﭘ شﺰﻴﮕﻧا و ﺎﻫ
) 5
، 6 (.
ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﻧﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ يﺮﺒﻫر يﺎﻫ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ
هﺪﺷ ﺪﻧا . ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ زا ﻲﻜﻳ -
يﺪﻨﺑ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻢﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻪﺘﺳد ﻪﺳ ،
-
،اﺮﮔ ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ ﻞﻌﻔﻨﻣ و ﺖﺳا ) 7 (.
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ زا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ اﺮﮔ
فاﺪﻫا ﻪﺑ ﺮﺒﻫر ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا نآ تﺪﻣﺪﻨﻠﺑ
و ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﺑ و ﻪﺘﺷاد ﻪﺟﻮﺗ
دراد ﺪﻴﻛﺄﺗ لﻮﺤﺗ .
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ رد ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ
يﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ رد ﺮﺒﻫر ،
هﺰﻴﮕﻧا ،ناﺪﻨﻣرﺎﻛ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ﻖﺋﻼﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ زا ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا نآ ﻲﻌﺳ و هدﻮﻤﻧ دﺎﺠﻳا نﺎﻧآ رد ار نﺪﻴﺳررد
دراد نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ فاﺪﻫا ﻪﺑ .
ﻳا رد شادﺎﭘ ﺖﺧادﺮﭘ ،يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻦ ﺮﺒﻫر يﻮﺳ زا
ﻪﺑ طﻮﻨﻣ
دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺖﺳا وﺮﻴﭘ )
8 (.
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻞﻐﺷ زا ﻲﺘﻳﺎﺿرﺎﻧ ﻞﻴﺒﻗ زا ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ
،ﻲﻠﻐﺷ قﺎﻴﺘﺷا مﺪﻋ ،رﺎﻛ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ و كﺮﺗ و ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ
ﺖﻣﺪﺧ دﻮﺷ ) 9 ( . ﻚﺒﺳ عﻮﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ نآ زا ﻲﻛﺎﺣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ﻲﻣ يﺮﺒﻫر ﺎﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺖﻳﺎﺿر )
10 ( ، ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ )
11 ( و
هﺮﻬﺑ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يرو )
4 ( ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد
.
Andrews ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻌﻄﻘﻣ ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ رد نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
زا ﺖﻳﺎﺿر ﺮﺑ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ زا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ كرد ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﺧادﺮﭘ يﺮﺒﻫر
. ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ
لﻮﺤﺗ فﺮﻃ زا يﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﻳﺎﺿر ﺎﺑ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﻳاﺮﮔ
ﺖﺳا هاﺮﻤﻫ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ .
ﺰﻴﮕﻧا ﻪﺒﻨﺟ لﻮﺤﺗ ﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﺷ اﺮﮔ
سﺎﺴﺣاﺎﺑ
ياﺮﺑ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ،ﺖﺒﺜﻣ يرﺎﻛ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ،نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ رد يﺪﻨﻤﻧاﻮﺗ ﺖﺳا هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺪﻬﻌﺗ و رﺎﻤﻴﺑ )
12 ( . Casida &
Parker ﻚﺒﺳ زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ كرد ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
رد نآ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ و يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ يﺮﺒﻫر تﻻﺎﻳا
هﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣآ
ﺪﻧداد مﺎﺠﻧا . ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
"
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر اﺮﮔ
"
و
"
يﺮﺒﻫر
ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ
"
ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
ﻲﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﺪﻧراد يﺮﺒﻫر ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ
) 10 ( . ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧا يوﺮﻴﻧ هزوﺮﻣا ﻪﺑ
ناﻮﻨﻋ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻪﻳﺎﻣﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﺪﻨﻤﺷزرا
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ يدﺎﻳز تﻼﻜﺸﻣ و ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣ ﺎﺑ .
ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﻳا زا ﻲﻜﻳ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﺑ
ﺎﺟ و ﻢﺴﺟ ﺮﺑ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ تاﺮﺛا ﻦﺘﺷاﺬﮔ
نآ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ زا ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧا يوﺮﻴﻧ حور ﻲﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﺪﻫﺎﻛ ) 13 ( . ﻦﻤﺠﻧا
ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﻠﻠﻤﻟا ار ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫرﻮﺸﻛ ﻪﺑ دراو ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ رﺎﻛ
3 / 5 - 1 ﺖﺳا هدز ﻦﻴﻤﺨﺗ ﻲﻠﺧاد ﺺﻟﺎﺧﺎﻧ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﺻرد )
14 (.
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ زا ﻮﻠﻤﻣ ﻲﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻪﺋارا مﺪﻘﻣ ﻂﺧ
ﺖﺳا ﺶﻨﺗ ) 15 ( ار يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣآ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻲﻠﻣ ﻦﻤﺠﻧا و
رد سأر 40 ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﺶﻨﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳا هدﺮﻛ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ )
14 ( . ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﺗﺮﭘ ﺶﻨ
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ) 14 ( ﻲﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺷ تﻻﻼﺘﺧا ﻞﻴﺒﻗ زا ﻲﺗﻼﻜﺸﻣ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺳﺮﻓ و ﻖﻠﺧ تﻻﻼﺘﺧا ،ﻲﻧاور و ﻲﻤﺴﺟ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻲﮔدﻮ
) 16 ( ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
و ﻲﮔﺪﻧز ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﺖﻴﻣوﺪﺼﻣ
يﺎﻫ رﺎﻛ زا ﻲﺷﺎﻧ )
17 ( ،ﻲﺘﻳﺎﺿرﺎﻧ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ دﻮﺷ ﻞﻐﺷ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و ﺖﻣﺪﺧ كﺮﺗ ،ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ
ﻲﻔﻨﻣ
تﺎﻣﺪﺻ ﺐﺒﺳ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﺑ ناﺮﺒﺟ
يﺮﻳﺬﭘﺎﻧ ﻪﺋارا ﺮﺑ
نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻲﻣ
دﻮﺷ ) 18 ( .
ﺶﻨﺗ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ رد ﻲﻤﻬﻣ يﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﺶﻘﻧ ناﺮﺒﻫر و ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺪﻧراد نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ )
19 ( . ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ زا ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﺪﺳر
ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ رد نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ نداد ﺖﻛرﺎﺸﻣ ،ناﺮﺒﻫر ﻂﺳﻮﺗ يﺮﻴﮔ
،ﺎﻫ
و نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ و ناﺮﺒﻫر ﻦﻴﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ طﺎﺒﺗرا و نﺎﻧآ ﻪﺑ رﺎﻴﺘﺧا ﺾﻳﻮﻔﺗ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺶﻨﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ رد ﻲﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ نﺎﻣرد ﻢﻴﺗ )
20
، 21 ( . زا
ﻲﻳﺎﺠﻧآ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﻳا يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ
ﻲﻣ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻮﺷ
ﻧ ﺪ و
ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﺑ يﺮﺒﻫر ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا رد ﺰﻴﻧ يدﺎﻳز تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺖﺳا ) 22 ( ﺎﻣا . ﻚﺒﺳ عﻮﻧ ﺮﺛا ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ...
ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ
هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
74 هرود
4 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 ز نﺎﺘﺴﻣ 1393
ﺖﺳا ردﺎﻧ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﺑ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﻳﻮﺳ زا و
ﺮﺑ يروﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ
،ناﺮﻳا رد تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦﻳا رد ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ
ﺪﺸﻧ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ اﺬﻟ .
ﻦﻳا
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ فﺪﻫﺎﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ زا
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ رد ﻞﻏﺎﺷ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو يﺎﻫ ﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا زﺮﺒﻟا ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
ﺖ .
ﺎﻫ شور و داﻮﻣ
ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ -
ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺖﺳا
. ﻦﻳا
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ 1391
رد نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو يﺎﻫ
زﺮﺒﻟا ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا
. ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ شور يﺮﻴﮔ
ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ
ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣﺪﻨﭼ يا دﻮﺑ . رﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﻴﻠﻛ اﺪﺘﺑا ﻪﻛ ترﻮﺻ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ نﺎﺘﺳ
يﺎﻫ
زﺮﺒﻟا ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو )
10 نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ( رد 2
بﻮﻨﺟ و لﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺪﻨﺑ .
ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺮﻫ زا ﺲﭙﺳ 2
نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ب و ﻒﻟا
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺪﺷ . ﺲﭙﺳ داﺪﻌﺗ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ زﺎﻴﻧدرﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺮﻫ رد داﺪﻌﺗ
نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ
بﺎﺨﺘﻧا هﺪﺷ ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ و
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ داﺪﻌﺗ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻣ
ﺪﺷ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺮﻫ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ .
ضﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ 30
/ 0
=
، r
96 1 05
0. 1 2 .
/ =
⇒
= −
α z α β=0.10⇒z1−β=1.28 ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ داﺪﻌﺗ زﺎﻴﻧدرﻮﻣ
113 شﺰﻳر لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ دروآﺮﺑ ﺮﻔﻧ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ 120 ﻖﻳﺮﻃ زا رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
يﺮﻴﮔ دراو هدﺎﺳ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ .
ﺖﻘﻓاﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ عوﺮﺷ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺬﺧا مﺮﺘﺤﻣ نﻻﻮﺌﺴﻣ
.
بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﻖﺣ و ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ،فاﺪﻫا ﻪﻴﻠﻛ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ياﺪﺘﺑا رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫﺪﺣاو ﻪﺑ ار ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺖﻛﺮﺷ مﺪﻋ ﺎﻳ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ﺖﻳﺎﺿر و ﺪﺷ هداد ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ زا ﻲﺒﺘﻛ و ﻲﻫﺎﻔﺷ ﻪﻧﺎﻫﺎﮔآ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ
ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﻛ .
ﺖﻧﺎﻣا لﻮﺻا ﻦﻴﺣ ﺖﻗاﺪﺻ و يراد
ﻊﻤﺟ هداد يروآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا و ﺎﻫ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺖﻳﺎﻋر ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
.
يروآدﺮﮔ راﺰﺑا هداد
ﺎﻫ ،يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﺖﻬﺟ
"
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻋﺪﻨﭼ
يﺮﺒﻫر ) Multifactor
Leadership Questionnaire (
"
دﻮﺑ . ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳا
ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ هﺪﺷ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ Avolio نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
) 11 ( ﻦﺘﺨﻴﻣآ ﻢﻫرد ﺎﺑ
ﻪﺳ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ تارﺎﺒﻋ ﻚﺒﺳ ﺪﻌﺑ
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر و ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ ،اﺮﮔ
ﻞﻌﻔﻨﻣ - ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ،ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟا راﺮﻗ ﻲﺘﻴﻌﻗﻮﻣ رد ار ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﻛ
ﻲﻣ ﻚﻳدﺰﻧ ﺖﻴﻌﻗاو ﻪﺑ ار ﻪﭽﻧآ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻫد ﺖﻣﻼﻋ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺗ
ﺬﮔ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ يرا .
ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳا 45
ﻪﻳﻮﮔ ) 20 ﻚﺒﺳ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﻳﻮﮔ
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر
،اﺮﮔ 8 ﻳﻮﮔ ﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻪﺑ ﻪ ﻟدﺎﺒ
،ﻲ 8 يﺮﺒﻫر ﻪﺑ ﻪﻳﻮﮔ
ﻞﻌﻔﻨﻣ - ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟا و 9 يﺮﺒﻫر يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻳﻮﮔ (
ﺖﺳا . ﻦﻳا رد
ﻪﻳﻮﮔ ،ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺮﺒﻫر يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ راﺮﻗ
ﺖﻓﺮﮕﻧ . ﻪﻳﻮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺎﻫ
سﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد 5
ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ تﺮﻜﻴﻟ يا )
4
=
،ﻪﺸﻴﻤﻫ 3
= ﺐﻠﻏا ا ،تﺎﻗو 2
= ،تﺎﻗوا ﻲﻫﺎﮔ 1
= ،ﻢﻛ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ 0
=
ﺮﻫ ﺰﮔ ( صﻮﺼﺨﻣ مﺮﻓ و ناﺮﺒﻫر صﻮﺼﺨﻣ مﺮﻓ ترﻮﺻ ود ﻪﺑ و
ناوﺮﻴﭘ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ هﺪﺷ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا ار دﺮﻓ ﻚﻳ يﺮﺒﻫر هﻮﻴﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا
ﺶﻧاوﺮﻴﭘ و دﻮﺧ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ
ﻲﻣ راﺮﻗ ﺪﻫد . مﺮﻓ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ناوﺮﻴﭘ صﻮﺼﺨﻣ .
تاﺮﻤﻧ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﺮﻫ ﺎﺑ
ﺪﻌﺑ ﺮﻫ تاﺮﻤﻧ عﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ
ﺮﺑ ﻪﻳﻮﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳآ
.
ﻪﺑ ﺮﺒﻫر ﺐﻟﺎﻏ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻚﻳ تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﭼ ﺮﻫ ﻲﻣ رﺎﻤﺷ دور ) 11
، 23
، 24 ( .
زا ﺰﻴﻧ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ
"
ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﻳاﺮﺟا ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ
ﻲﻨﻤﻳا و )
Health and Safety Executive
Questionnaire (
"
35 رد ﻲﻟاﺆﺳ 7 ﺪﻌﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺪﺷ . دﺎﻌﺑا
ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳا ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
: ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ،طﺎﺒﺗرا ،ﺶﻘﻧ ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ
ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ،
،نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﺖﺳا تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و ﺎﺿﺎﻘﺗ ،لﺮﺘﻨﻛ .
ﺶﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﻣﺎﻧ
تﺮﻜﻴﻟ سﺎﻴﻘﻣ 5
هﺮﻤﻧ يا ) ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ،ﺰﮔ ،ترﺪﻧ ﻲﻀﻌﺑ تﺎﻗوا و ﺐﻠﻏا ،
ﻪﺸﻴﻤﻫ ( هﺮﻤﻧ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ يراﺬﮔ .
ﻦﻴﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ تاﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﻨﻣاد 35
ﺎﺗ 175 ﺮﺑ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﺣ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻞﻛ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ زا ﺶﻨﺗ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻪﻛ دﻮﺑ 35
ﻪﺑ
ﺖﺳد ﻲﻣ ﺪﻳآ ﻪﻛ ؛ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ تاﺮﻤﻧ .
،ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﺑ
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ اﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﻲﻳاور زا ﺎﻫراﺰﺑا ﻲﻳاور ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ و
يرﻮﺻ ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﻔﻴﻛ شور ﻪﺑ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻲﺣﻼﺻا تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و
ﺮﻈﻧ ﺐﺣﺎﺻ ناﺮﻈﻧ ﺪﺷ لﺎﻤﻋا . ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﻛ يﺎﻔﻟآ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﺎﺑ
"
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻋﺪﻨﭼ
"
رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ يﻻﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
90 ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷاد مﺪﺻ )
10
، 12 ( ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ
ترﻮﺻ ﻲﻌﻴﺳو
ياﺮﺑ هزاﺪﻧا يﺮﻴﮔ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
هﺪﺷ و ﺐﻳﺮﺿ يﺎﻔﻟآ
خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﻛ 96 / 0 - 74 / 0
= ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷادα )
12 ( . ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺮﺿﺎﺣ
ﺰﻴﻧ
خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﻛ يﺎﻔﻟآ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ
"
ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ يﺮﺒﻫر
ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻋﺪﻨﭼ
"
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
94 / 0
= دﻮﺑα .
زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ...
ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ
هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
75 هرود
4 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 ز نﺎﺘﺴﻣ 1393
ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘ
"
ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ
"
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد Guidi
و
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ خﺎﺒﻧوﺮﻛ يﺎﻔﻟآ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
78 / 0
= )α 24 ( رد و
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻲﻧﻮﻨﻛ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ 85
/ 0
= دﻮﺑα . مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻬﺟ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ
ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗو
يرﺎﻣآ مﺮﻧ راﺰﻓا ﻪﺨﺴﻧSPSS
20 رﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ، ﺖﻓر .
ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ
ﺖﻛﺮﺷ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺐﻠﻏا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد هﺪﻨﻨﻛ
) 46 ﺪﺻرد ( رد
ﻲﻨﺳ هوﺮﮔ 30
- 20 ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد راﺮﻗ لﺎﺳ .
نﺎﻧآ ﻲﻨﺳ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ 4
/ 6
±
2 / 32 دﻮﺑ . نآ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ) 85 ﺪﺻرد ( نز و ﻫﺄﺘﻣ ﻞ ) 3 / 73 ﺪﺻرد (
ﻮﺑ د ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ تﻼﻴﺼﺤﺗ و ﺪﻧ نآ
ﺎﻫ ) 95 ﺪﺻرد ( دﻮﺑ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ .
ﺐﻠﻏا
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ ) 3 / 38 ﺪﺻرد ( ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ ﻲﻧﺎﻤﻴﭘ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ار ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧداد
نﺎﻧآ ﺐﻠﻏا )
65 ﺪﺻرد ( ﻪﻓﺎﺿا يرﺎﻛ نﺎﻧآ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ و ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد يرﺎﺒﺟا
) 77 ﺪﺻرد ( ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﺖﺑﻮﻧ شدﺮﮔ رد ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ رﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ لﻮﻐﺸﻣ
. نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﻛﺮﺷ ﺖ هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ) 7 / 76 ﺪﺻرد ( ﻦﻴﺑ يرﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ
10 - 1 ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد لﺎﺳ .
نﺎﻳﺎﺷ ﺮﻛذ ،نﻮﻣزآ ﻪﻧﻮﮔﺮﻫ مﺎﺠﻧا زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﺖﺳا
فوﺮﮔﻮﻤﻟﻮﻛ نﻮﻣزآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ -
لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ فﻮﻧﺮﻴﻤﺳا
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ درﻮﻣ ﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ .
ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ) 7 / 51 ﺪﺻرد ( نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ
ار دﻮﺧ ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ و 8 / 35 ﺪﺻرد ارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ن
ار دﻮﺧ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر
اﺮﮔ ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ شراﺰﮔ .
ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ) 3 / 73 ﺪﺻرد ( ﻢﻛ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ياراد ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ
و ﺎﻬﻨﺗ 6
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺪﺻرد )
لوﺪﺟ 1 (.
ﻚﺒﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر يﺎﻫ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد يرﺎﻣآ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ )
لوﺪﺟ 2 .(
دﺎﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﻳراو ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ نﻮﻣزآ رد ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﺑ يرا
داد نﺎﺸﻧ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻪﺳ )
28 / 7
= ،F 001 / 0
<
( P ) لوﺪﺟ 3 .(
لوﺪﺟ 1 ﻖﻠﻄﻣ ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ: ﻲﺒﺴﻧ
ﻚﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ يﺮﺒﻫر نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ و
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
ﻚﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ يﺮﺒﻫر هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ لﻮﺤﺗ
اﺮﮔ 43
8
/ 35
ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ 62
7
/ 51
ﻞﻌﻔﻨﻣ - ﺟا ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘ 15
5
/ 12
ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ
7
8
/ 5
ﻢﻛ 88
3
/ 73
ﺶﻨﺗ نوﺪﺑ 25
8
/ 20
لوﺪﺟ 2 ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ: عاﻮﻧا
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ
ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ
ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا راﺪﻘﻣ
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ اﺮﮔ
35 / 0 - 001
/ 0 <
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ
32 / 0 - 001
/ 0 <
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ هﺪﺷﺎﻫر
28 / 0 002
/ 0 <
لوﺪﺟ 3 هرﺎﻣآ : يﺎﻫ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﺎﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ
ﺚﺤﺑ
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲﻧﻮﻨﻛ
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار رد ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ ﺐﻠﻏا ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ
ﻲﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ
. ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﺎﻐﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻦﻳا Andrews
و
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ) 12 ( ، Schwartz نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
) 25 ( و Casida &
Parker ) 10 ( دﻮﺑ . ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد يﺎﻫ
Andrews نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
) 12 ( ، Schwartz نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
) 25 ( ، Casida & Parker
) 10 ( ﺐﻠﻏا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ زا
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ اﺮﮔ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ . ﻦﻳا ﺖﻠﻋ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﻮﻨﻛ
،يﺮﺒﻫر ﺐﻟﺎﻏ ﻚﺒﺳ
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ
داﺪﻌﺗ
) ﺪﺻرد ( رﺎﻴﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا
/ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ
28 / 7
= F
001 / 0
<
P
لﻮﺤﺗ اﺮﮔ )
83 / 35 (%
43 8
/ 0 21± / 3
ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ )
67 / 51 (%
62 64
/ 0 11± / 3
ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟا ﻞﻌﻔﻨﻣ
) 5 / 12 (%
15 42
/ 0 69± / 2
زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ...
ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ
هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
76 هرود
4 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 ز نﺎﺘﺴﻣ 1393
ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ ﻪﺋارا لﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ﺖﻴﻫﺎﻣ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ دﻮﺑ
ﺪﻧراد ﻲﺳاﺮﻛورﻮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ﻦﻳا اﺮﻳز ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ دﻮﺧ ﻦﻳا و ﻪﺑ
يﺮﻴﮔرﺎﻛ ترﺎﻬﻣ لﻮﺤﺗ ﻲﻳاﺮﮔ ﺗ ﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ و دراد ﻞﺑﺎﻘ
ار نآ يدﺎﻳز ﻦﻜﻤﻣﺮﻴﻏ
ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ . رد يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ توﺎﻔﺗ ﺖﻠﻋ
راﺰﺑا رد توﺎﻔﺗ ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ﻲﻠﺧاد تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳادرﻮﻣ ﻲﻣ ﻲﺟرﺎﺧ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ توﺎﻔﺗ ﺖﻠﻋ و
ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
توﺎﻔﺗ ﻞﻴﻟد ﺮﺑ ﻢﻛﺎﺣ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ اﺮﻳز ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ
نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ يﺎﻫ زﺮﺒﻟا ﻊﻧﺎﻣ ، لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ياﺮﺟا ﻲﻣ اﺮﮔ
-
ددﺮﮔ . ﻲﻳﺎﺠﻧآزا ﻪﻛ لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﻣ اﺮﮔ
هﺪﻤﻋ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ رد يا
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ )
26 ( ﻲﻣ ﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗ اﺬﻟ دﻮﺷ
دﻮﺷ ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻦﻳا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﻮﻨﻛ
زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺐﻠﻏا ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻲﻤﻛ ﻲﻠ .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﺑ ﻮﺴﻤﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻦﻳا
دﺎﺷﺮﮔ و ﻲﻤﺷﺎﻫ )
27 ( نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻣاﺮﻬﺑ و )
28 ( دﻮﺑ . ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
دﺎﺷﺮﮔ و ﻲﻤﺷﺎﻫ 62
ﺪﺣ رد ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ياراد نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺪﺻرد
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﻢﻛ ) 27 ( . ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺖﺤﺗ داﺮﻓا نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻣاﺮﻬﺑ
ياراد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ 3
/ 95 ،ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺪﺻرد 2
/ 4 ﺶﻨﺗ ﺪﺻرد
و ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ 5 / 0 ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﺪﻳﺪﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺪﺻرد )
28 ( .
ﻲﻟﺎﺣرد ﻪﻛ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻲﻧﻮﻨﻛ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ زا توﺎﻔﺘﻣ
يﺎﻫ
نﻮﭼ ﻲﻧاﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺗﺮﻣ
ﻲﻘ نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻤﺳﺎﻗ )
29 ( و ﻲﻳﺎﺿر ،
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ) 30 ( نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻋﺎﺠﺷ ، )
31 ( نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻨﻴﺴﺣ ،
) 32 ( و نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ وWu ) 33 ( دﻮﺑ . ﻲﻤﺳﺎﻗ ﻲﻘﺗﺮﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد و
نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ 4 / 57 ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﺟرد زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺪﺻرد و دﺎﻳز ﻲﻳاز
40
ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﺟرد زا ﺪﺻرد ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻲﻳاز
و 6 / 2 زا ﺪﺻرد ﺶﻨﺗ ﻲﻳاز ﻢﻛ
دﻮﺑ رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺪﻧ
) 29 ( . رﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻳﺎﺿر ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد نا
59 ﺪﺻرد
و دﺎﻳز ﺶﻨﺗ زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ 37
نآ ﺪﺻرد ﻲﻄﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺶﻨﺗ زا ﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ )
30 ( . نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﻋﺎﺠﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ داد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﻪﻛ 6 / 50 و دﺎﻳز ﺶﻨﺗ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﺪﺻرد 1
/ 48 ﺶﻨﺗ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺪﺻرد
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ )
31 ( . ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻲﻨﻴﺴﺣ نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﺶﻨﺗ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ
ﺶﻴﺑ ﺪﺣزا دﻮﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ )
32 ( . ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ وWu
ﻨﺗ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ دﻮﺑ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺶ
) 33 (.
ﻪﻛﺎﺠﻧآزا نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ءﺰﺟ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد
نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﻤﻧ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ گرﺰﺑ يﺎﻫ ﻻد زا ﻲﻜﻳ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ ،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
ﻞﻳ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ندﻮﺑ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ،دراﻮﻣ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ رﺎﻨﻛ رد ﻢﻛ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ
ﺪﻳﺎﺷ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻣﺰﻣ ﻪﻬﺟاﻮﻣ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻛ ﺶﻨﺗ
ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ﺶﻨﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺸﮔ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ رد يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ﻲﻋﻮﻧ ﺐﺒﺳ .
ﻲﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ توﺎﻔﺗ رد توﺎﻔﺗ ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
يﺎﻫراﺰﺑا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳادرﻮﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ و
.
ﻣ ﻦﻳا رد رد ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ هﺮﻤﻧ توﺎﻔﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄ ﻚﺒﺳ
يﺎﻫ
يﺮﺒﻫر ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ زا
ﺮﻈﻧ ﻚﺒﺳ رد ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ و دﻮﺑ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ يرﺎﻣآ
يﺮﺒﻫر لﻮﺤﺗ اﺮﮔ و ﻲﻟدﺎﺒﺗ ﻞﻌﻔﻨﻣ زا ﺮﺘﻤﻛ -
دﻮﺑ ﻲﺑﺎﻨﺘﺟا .
Cowden ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ نﺎﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﻪﻠﻤﺟزا
يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ زا ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﻲﻠﺋﺎﺴﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ
ﻲﻣ -
دﺮﻳﺬﭘ ) 34 (.
ﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄ Malloy & Penprase ﻪﻄﺑار ﺮﮕﻧﺎﻴﺑ
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ اﺮﮔ
ﻢﻛ دﻮﺑ ) 35 (.
يﺮﺒﻫر طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺖﻠﻋ لﻮﺤﺗ
اﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻢﻛ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
ﻲﻧﻮﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻦﻳا رﻮﻃ دﻮﺷ ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﻛ
لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر رد ﻪﺑ اﺮﮔ
ﻢﺸﭼ دﻮﺟو ﻞﻴﻟد زاﺪﻧا
ﻊﻗاو ﻪﻧﺎﻨﻴﺑ
، ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ رد داﺮﻓا ﺖﻛرﺎﺸﻣ يﺮﻴﮔ
-
،ﺎﻫ
،نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ يدﺮﻓ يﺎﻫزﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ يﺪﻨﻤﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ نﺎﻜﻣا
-
ناﺰﻴﻣ ،نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ ﺐﻧﺎﺟ زا ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﺖﻓﺎﻳرد و داﺮﻓا يﺎﻫ ﻲﻣ اﺪﻴﭘ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺪﻨﻛ
.
ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻪﻛ
هﺎﮔﺪﻳد زا نار
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ زا نﺎﻧآ كاردا اﺬﻟ ،ﺖﺳا
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ شراﺰﮔ
هﺪﺷ ﻲﻤﻧ و ﺖﺳا ﻚﺒﺳ ﻪﻛ دﻮﻤﻧ نﺎﻋذا ناﻮﺗ
نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻪﺑ
رﻮﻃ ﻲﻌﻗاو شراﺰﮔ هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا . دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ اﺬﻟ
ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ دﻮﺷ زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا رد ﻲﻳﺎﻫ
ﮔ ترﻮﺻ نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ هﺎﮔﺪﻳد دﺮﻴ
. ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻓﺮﻃ زا ﻦﻳا
ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳا
زﺮﺒﻟا ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ود رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
هﺪﺷ
،ﺖﺳا ﻢﻴﻤﻌﺗ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻫ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ طﺎﻴﺘﺣاﺎﺑ دﺮﻴﮔ ترﻮﺻ .
ﻲﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ اﺬﻟ -
ﻊﻴﺳو تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ دﻮﺷ دﺮﻴﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦﻳا رد يﺮﺗ
.
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ يﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻳا
ﻪﻛ ﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ﻲ
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ذﺎﺨﺗا ﺎﺑ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ،دراد يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻔﻳا ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ رد ﻲﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ
.
زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ...
ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ
هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
77 هرود
4 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 ز نﺎﺘﺴﻣ 1393
زا ﺎﺠﻧآ ﻪﻛ لﻮﺤﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر بﻮﺧ زا ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ حﻮﻄﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ اﺮﮔ
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ رد ﺪﻬﻌﺗ و دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ،ﻲﻧاور ندﻮﺑ ﻲﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﻣ و دﻮﺷ ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﺿر ﺎﺑ ﻲﺘﺒﺜﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ،يرﺎ
،يﺪﻨﻤﻧاﻮﺗ ،ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺖﻳﺎﺿر ،نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ يرﺎﻛ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺗ و يﺪﻣآرﺎﻛدﻮﺧ شزﻮﻣآ ،ﺖﺳا طﺎﺒﺗرا رد نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ءﺎﻘﺑا و ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ترﺎﻬﻣ لﻮﺤﺗ يﺎﻫ يﺪﻨﻣزﺎﻴﻧ ءﺰﺟ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﻳاﺮﮔ
ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ يﺎﻫ
دﺮﻴﮔ راﺮﻗ يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ .
لﻮﺤﺗ ناﺮﺒﻫر نداد راﺮﻗ ياﺮﮔ
ﺮﺛﺆﻣ
ﺳﺮﭘ يﺎﻫﺪﺣاو رد ﻖﻓﻮﻣ و ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻒﻳﺎﻇو زا يرﺎﺘ
ﻲﻗﻼﺧا و يا
ﺖﺳا يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ .
ﻲﻧادرﺪﻗ و ﺮﻜﺸﺗ
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔﺮﺑ زا نﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ رﺎﺸﻓا مﺮﻛا
هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﻛد ﻲﻳﺎﻤﻨﻫار ﻪﺑ ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ حﺮﻃ و
ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻪﺑ
هرﺎﻤﺷ 10947 - 86 - 1 -
91 رﻮﻣ قﻼﺧا ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻛ ﻪﻳﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ و خ
29 / 2 / 1392 مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺖﺴﻫ
. ﻦﻳﺪﺑ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ زا ﻪﻠﻴﺳو
ﻲﺘﺸﻬﺑ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻟﺎﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ
مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،
زﺮﺒﻟا ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ،
ﻦﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ دﺎﺠﻳا ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺮﻴﮔ
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ و
و ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ،ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ يرﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧادرﺪﻗ
ددﺮﮔ .
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
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8- Marquis BL, Huston CJ. Leadership Roles and Management Fnctions in Nursing:
Theory and Application: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009.
9- Tomlinson J. Exploration of transformational and distributed leadership: Julie Tomlinson looks at how the management styles of senior charge nurses affect their staff’s
زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ...
ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ
هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
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زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ...
ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ
هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
79 هرود
4 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 ز نﺎﺘﺴﻣ 1393
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زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻚﺒﺳ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ ...
ﺶﺗآ نازوﺮﻓ
هﺪﻳرﻮﺷ هداز نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﺖﻣﻼﺳ يﺎﻘﺗرا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ
80 هرود
4 هرﺎﻤﺷ 1 ز نﺎﺘﺴﻣ 1393
Correlation of head nurses leadership style from nurses’ perspective and nurses’ job stress
*Atashzadeh Shoorideh F1, َAfshar A2, Naderi M3, Alavi Majd H4
Abstract
Introduction: Leadership style can effect on nurses’ retention, job stress, job satisfaction and quality of work life. However, studies have shown different findings. This study aimed to determine the correlation of head nurses’ leadership style from nurses’ perspective and nurses’ job stress.
Materials and Method: This method of this study was descriptive-correlational. In this study, 120 nurses working in hospitals affiliated with Alborz University of Medical Sciences by random sampling were selected. For data collection the “Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire”, and “Health and Safety Executive Questionnaire” were used. Later face and content validity and internal reliability were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS/20.
Findings: Dominant head nurses’ leadership style from 52% nurses’ perspective was transactional leadership style and job stress of 73% nurses was low. The results showed that nurses’ job stress in transformational and transactional leadership style from nurses’
perspective was low. Transformational leadership style with job stress (r=-0.35, P<0.001) and transactional leadership style with job stress had a significant negative correlation (r=-0.32, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Concerning the negative relationship between transactional and transformational leadership style with job stress, appropriate leadership styles of nurse managers could result in reduction of stress. It is recommended that nurse managers use transformational and transactional leadership styles. Managers also need to reduce stress- causing situations.
Keywords: Leadership Style, Job stress, Nurses.
Received:7 January 2015 Accepted: 28 January 2015
1- Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing Management, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Behshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (Corresponding author)
E-mail: [email protected]
2- MSc Student in Nursing Management, Member of Student’s Research Committee, School of Nursing &
Midwifery, Shahid Behshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- MSc in Nursing Management, Department of Nursing Management, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Behshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4- Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedical, Shahid Behshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.