ﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ا ﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ﯽ
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ 1392
ﯽﻠﻣﺎﮐ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ
1
،*
ﯽﻌﯾﺪﺑ تادﺎﺳ ﻪﯾﺪﻬﻣ ،2
ﯽﻌﯿﻓر ﻢﯾﺮﻣ 3
1 ـــﺴﻣ ي هﺪﻨـــﺴﯾﻮﻧ- ﺆ
لو : سﺎﻨـــﺷرﺎﮐ
هﺎﮕـﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ﺖــﺑﺮﺗ ﯽﮑــﺷﺰﭘ مﻮــﻠﻋ هﺎﮕـﺸﻧاد,
ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ, ﻪﯾر ناﺮﯾا, .
سردآ : ﻪــﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖــﺑﺮﺗ يزار نﺎــﺑﺎﯿﺧ,
,
ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد .
ﯽــــــﮑﯿﻧوﺮﺘﮑﻟا ﺖــــــﺴﭘ :
[email protected] ﻦﻔﻠﺗ : 2220221 - 0531
2 - ﯽـﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻢـﺳ ﺪـﺷرا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد,
ﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ, ﻪ ناﺮﯾا, .
3 - ﯽﯾﺎﻣﺎﻣ سﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ
، هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺖﻧوﺎﻌﻣ
ﻪــﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ،ﻪــﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖــﺑﺮﺗ ﯽﮑــﺷﺰﭘ مﻮــﻠﻋ ناﺮﯾا،
. هﺪﯿﮑﭼ
فﺪﻫ و ﻪﻨﯿﻣز تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ :
ﮏﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯾﺰﯿﻓ ﮏﯿﻣﻮﺗﺎﻧآو
هﺎﮕﺘﺳد يراردا تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗو ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ ﯽﻨﻤﯾا رد
نارود يرادرﺎﺑ عﻮﯿﺷ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ نوﺪﺑ
ﺖﻣﻼﻋ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓاار هداد ﻪﮐ يﺪﺟﺮﻄﺧ ياﺮﺑ
وردﺎﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﺟ
درادﺮﺑرد . ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا عﻮﯿﺷ
ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ نآ نﺎﻣرد و
رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز رد
ﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻪﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ا
ﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ﯽ لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ
1392 ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا .
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ شور ﯽﻔﯿﺻﻮﺗ عﻮﻧ زا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا:
يا ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ– ﺪﺷﺎﺒﯿﻣ
. ﻦﯾارد ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ 1250 نز رادرﺎـﺑ
زا ﺪﻨﻔﺳا ﺎﺗ ﻦﯾدروﺮﻓ 1392
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﺖﮐﺮﺷ .
نﺎﻧز ﻪﮐرادرﺎﺑ ﺖـﻬﺟ ﺖـﺒﻗاﺮﻣ هﺮـﭘ ﻪـﺑ لﺎـﺗﺎﻧ ﺰـﮐاﺮﻣ
ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻪﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﻬﺟ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ راردا ﻪﺑ هﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد عﺎﺟرا
و ياﺮـﺑ
ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻧز رد ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ راردا ﺎﻬﻧآ 5 - 4 ﺪﯿﻔﺳ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ و
دﻮﺑ ﺖﺸﮐ ﺪـﺷ مﺎـﺠﻧا .
ﯽـﺳرﺮﺑ
تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﺑ يرﺎﻣآ راﺰـﻓا مﺮـﻧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎ SPSS
و ﺲﯿـﻟاو لﺎﮑـﺳوﺮﮐ يرﺎـﻣآ يﺎـﻫ نﻮـﻣزآ و
مﺎﮔ ﻪﺑ مﺎﮔ نﻮﯿﺳﺮﮔر ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا
.
ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺪﯿﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ:
10 % زا نﺎﻧز رادرﺎـﺑ ﺖـﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪـﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎـﺑ ياراد ﺪـﻧدﻮﺑ
.
ﺪﺷ ﻪﻟوﺰﯾا يﺎﻫ ﻢﺴﯿﻧﺎﮔرا ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ دراﻮﻣ زا ه
زا ﺪﻨﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ :
ﺎﺘـﺳا كﻮﮐﻮﻠﯿﻓ
ﺲﯾﺪــﯿﻣرﺪﯿﭘا )
49 (٪ - ﯽﻠﮐﺎﯿــﺸﯾﺮﺷا )
34 (-٪ ﺮﺘﮐﺎــﺑوﺮﺘﻧآ )
10 (-٪ ﻪــﯿﻧﻮﻣﻮﻨﭘ ﻼﯿــﺴﺒﻠﮐ )
6 (٪ و
ﺲﯿﻟﺎﮑﻓ كﻮﮐوﺮﺘﻧآ )1
.( ٪ ﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺖـﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪـﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ نﺎﻣرد رد ﮏ
نارود
عﻮﻤﺠﻣ رد ﻪﮐﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻦﯿﺳﺎﮑﯿﻣآ يرادرﺎﺑ 95
ﻢـﺴﯿﻧﺎﮔرا٪ ﺎـﻫ
نآ ﻪـﺑ و سﺎـﺴﺣ 5
موﺎـﻘﻣ٪
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ .
ﺠﯿﺘﻧ يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ: ﻪﺑ رد ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد نﺎﻧز
ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ رادرﺎﺑ
مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ي ﻪﻨﯿﻣز رد ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يا هرود رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳا مزﻻ دﻮﺷ . ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ تﺎﮑﻧ شزﻮﻣآ و هﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﻢﻈﻨﻣ عﺎﺟرا و رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز زا هﮋﯾو ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ
ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻮﺘﯿﻣ يراردا ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺑا زا يﺮﯿﮕﺸﯿﭘرد ﯽﯾاﺰﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺪﻧا نآ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ضراﻮﻋ و
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد .
ﺎﻫ هژاو ﺪﯿﻠﮐ :
عﻮﯿﺷ
، ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ،
رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز
هرﺎﻤﺷ ،لوا هرود ،ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻠﺼﻓ 3
ﺰﯿﯾﺎﭘ ، 1392
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ يراردا ﮏﯾ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ ﯽﻨﯿﻟﺎﺑ ﺞـﯾار ﺖـﺳا ﻪـﮐ ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ
ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ياﺮﺠﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﺜﻣ،يراردا ﻪﯿﻠﮐو
دﻮﺸﯿﻣ و زاﺪﻌﺑ ﻢـﮐ ﯽﻧﻮـﺧ
يرادرﺎﺑرد ﻦﯿﻣود
ﻪﺿرﺎﻋ ي ﯽﺒﻃ ﻊﯾﺎﺷ ﺪﺷﺎﺒﯿﻣ و يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎـﺑ
نوﺪﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﻋ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻌﯾﺎﺷ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ
نآ ﺖﺳا ﻪـﮐ مﺪـﻋ ﺺﯿﺨـﺸﺗ و
نﺎــﻣرد ﻪــﺑ ﻊــﻗﻮﻣ نآ ﺪــﻧاﻮﺘﯿﻣ ياﺮــﺑ ردﺎــﻣ و ﻦﯿــﻨﺟ ﺐــﻗاﻮﻋ
ﯽﮐﺎﻧﺮﻄﺧ ﻪﺑ
لﺎﺒﻧد ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 1 ، 2 ، 3 ( . ﻣرد نﺎﯿ يﺎﻬﺘﻧﻮﻔﻋ
هﺎﮕﺘﺳد يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ،يراردا نوﺪـﺑ
ﺖـﻣﻼﻋ ﻪـﺑ ﻞـﯿﻟد ﻦﺘـﺷاﺪﻧ
ﻢﺋﻼﻋ ﯽﻨﯿﻟﺎﺑ ﺖﯿﻤﻫازا ﯽﺻﺎﺧ ﺖﺳارادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ .
ﻪﺑ هﮋﯾو رد نﺎـﻧز
تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ،رادرﺎـــﺑ ﮏـــﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯾﺰﯿﻓ
ﮏـــﯿﻣﻮﺗﺎﻧآو هﺎﮕﺘـــﺳد
يراردا
تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗو ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ
ﯽﻨﻤﯾا نارودرد يرادرﺎﺑ عﻮﯿـﺷ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎـﺑ
نوﺪـﺑ ﺖــﻣﻼﻋ ار ﺶﯾاﺰــﻓا هداد و رد ﯽـﺧﺮﺑ دراﻮــﻣ ﺮــﺠﻨﻣ ﻪــﺑ
ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد يراردا ﺖﻣﻼﻋ راد ﻪﮐدﻮﺸﯿﻣ يﺪﺟﺮﻄﺧ
ياﺮـﺑ
ردﺎﻣ و ﻦﯿﻨﺟ درادﺮﺑرد ) 2 (.
يﺎﻬﺘﻧﻮﻔﻋ ياﺮـﺠﻣ
يراردا رد ﺮـﺜﮐا
نﺎﻧز ﻪﻠﻣﺎﺣ زا دﻮﺟو يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ رد راردا و نوﺪﺑ ﻢـﺋﻼﻋ ﺺﺨـﺸﻣ
زﺎﻏآ دﻮﺸﯿﻣ ﻪﮐ ﻞﺒﻗ ﯽﮕﻠﻣﺎﺣزا دﻮﺟو
ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺖﺳا ) 4 (.
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ
ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ نﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ يﺎﻫ 13
- 2 ﻢﻧﺎﺧ٪ يﺎﻫ رادرﺎـﺑ رد
ﻦﯿﻟوا ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ يرادرﺎﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ نوﺪـﺑ
ﺖـﻣﻼﻋ ﺪـﻧراد . نوﺪـﺑ
نﺎﻣرد ﯽﺘﻧآ ﯽﮑﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ رد نارود رﺎـﺑ دوﺪـﺣ ﺎـﺗ يراد 30
ﻦـﯾا٪
ﻢﻧﺎﺧ ﺎﻫ رﺎﭼد ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ يراردا ﺖﻣﻼﻋ راد ﺪﻧﻮـﺸﯿﻣ ﯽﻫﺎـﮔ ﻪـﮐ
نﺎـﻤﯾاز ﻞﺜﻣ ﺮﮕﯾد ي ﻪﺘﺳاﻮﺧﺎﻧ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﻦﯾا دﻮﺸﯿﻣ سردوز )
.(5 ـﺸﯿﭘ ياﺮـﺑ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎـﻧ يﺎﻫﺪـﻣﺎﯿﭘ زا يﺮﯿﮕ
يراردا ﺖــﻧﻮﻔﻋ رﺎــﭼد رادرﺎــﺑ نﺎــﻧز نﺎــﻣرد و يﺮﮕﻟﺎــﺑﺮﻏ,
دﻮـﺸﯿﻣ دﺎﻬﻨـﺸﯿﭘ ﺖـﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪـﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ )
.(6 سﺎـﮐ دراودا
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ ﯽﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻦﯿﻟوا 1960
و ﻖـﯿﻘﺤﺗ شور
ﯽـﺳرﺮﺑ
يراﺬــﮔ ﻪــﯾﺎﭘ ار رادرﺎــﺑ نﺎــﻧز رد ﺖــﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪــﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎــﺑ دﻮﻤﻧ . نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ عﻮﯿﺷ ناﺰﯿﻣ يو يرادرﺎـﺑ نارود ﺖﻣﻼﻋ
دوﺪــﺣ ار 7
- 4 يﺪــﻌﺑ تﺎــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد و٪ 11
- 2 دﺮــﮐ مﻼــﻋا٪ .
تﺎــﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ 40
نارود يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎــﺑ ﺖــﯿﻤﻫا ﺮﮕﻧﺎــﯿﺑ ﺮــﯿﺧا لﺎــﺳ
ﻞـﺜﻣ ﻦﯿـﻨﺟ و ردﺎـﻣ تﻻﻼﺘـﺧا دﺎـﺠﯾا رد ﻪـﮐ ﺖـﺳا يرادرﺎﺑ نﻮﺧرﺎﺸﻓ سردوز نﺎـﻤﯾاز,
ﯽـﯾاز هدﺮـﻣ , و ﯽـﺴﭙﻣﻼﮐا هﺮـﭘ,
دراد ﯽﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽﻤﻧآ 7)
.(
ﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺖـﯿﻤﻫا ﻋ ﺖـﻧﻮﻔ يراردا
ضراﻮﻋو رﺎﯿﺴﺑ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ نآ و ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ نﺎﻧز ﻪـﺑ ناﻮـﻨﻋ
ناردﺎﻣ
،ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻦﯿﻘﻘﺤﻣ نآﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺎﺗ ﯽﻃرد ﻦﯾا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪـﺑ
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ نآ نﺎﻣرد و
رد
ﺖـﺑﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﮐاﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻪﻌﺟاﺮﻣ رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ 1392
ﺪﻧزادﺮﭙﺑ . ﺖﺳاﺪﯿﻣا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
ﻦـﯾا ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يﺪﻌﺑ
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ يﺎﻬﯾﺰﯾر ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣاﺪﻗاو
ﻪﻧاﺮﯿﮕﺸﯿﭘ
و ﯽﻧﺎــﻣرد رد ﺖــﻬﺟ ﺶﻫﺎــﮐ ناﺰــﯿﻣ عﻮﯿــﺷ ﺖــﻧﻮﻔﻋ يراردا
نﺎﯿﻣرد نﺎﻧز رادرﺎﺑ درﻮﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا دﺮﯿﮔراﺮﻗ .
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ شور
ﺻﻮﺗ عﻮﻧ زا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا ﯽﻔﯿ
- يا ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺪـﺷﺎﺒﯿﻣ
. ﻦـﯾارد
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ 1250 نز رادرﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻔـﺳا ﺎـﺗ ﻦﯾدروﺮﻓ زا 1392
ﺖﮐﺮـﺷ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد . ﻪﻣﺎﻨـﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺐـﻟﺎﻗ رد و يرﺎﻤـﺷﺮﺳ شور ﻪﺑ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا
ﺪﺷ يروآ ﻊﻤﺟ .
يدﺎـﻋ رادرﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ ﻢﻧﺎﺧ ﻂﻘﻓ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا رد
و ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ دراو ﺪﻨﺘـﺷاﺪﻧ ﯽﯾازﺮﻄﺧ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﭻﯿﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺳ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻧز ﻣ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ي ﻪﻘﺑﺎ
يراردا هﺎﮕﺘﺳد رﺮﮑ يﺎﻫ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ,
فﺮـﺼﻣ ي ﻪﻘﺑﺎـﺳ و ﻞـﺳ ﻞﮑﯿـﺳ ﯽـﻤﻧآ و ﺖـﺑﺎﯾد ﻞﺜﻣ ﻦﻣﺰﻣ ﮏـﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ فﺮﺼﻣ و ﯽﻨﻤﯾا ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ ي هﺪﻨﻨﮐرﺎﻬﻣ يﺎﻫوراد ﯽﻃ 10 ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ جرﺎﺧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ زا ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ﺮﯿﺧا زور .
ﻪـﯿﻠﮐ نﺎـﻧز
ﻪﮐرادرﺎﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ هﺮﭘ ﻪـﺑ لﺎﺗﺎﻧ ﯽﺘـﺷاﺪﻬﺑﺰﮐاﺮﻣ
ﻪـﻌﺟاﺮﻣ
ﺑ و ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ هدﺮﮐ ﺮ
د ﺖﮐﺮﺷ يا ﺪﻨﺘـﺷاد ﺖﯾﺎـﺿر حﺮـﻃ ر
ﺖـﻬﺟ,
مﺎﺠﻧا ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ راردا ﻪـﺑ هﺎﮕـﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ يﺰـﮐﺮﻣ
نﺎﺘـﺳﺮﻬﺷ
ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد عﺎﺟرا
و ياﺮﺑ ﻪـﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻧز ﺶﯾﺎـﻣزآرد
ﻞﻣﺎﮐ راردا ﺎﻬﻧآ 5 - 4 و دﻮـﺑ ﺪﯿﻔﺳ لﻮﺒﻠﮔ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎـﺑ
ﺪﻨﺘـﺷاد
ﺖﺸﮐ راردا ﺪـﺷ مﺎـﺠﻧا .
ﻞـﺒﻗ زا ﺖـﻓﺎﯾرد شزﻮﻣآ،ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ مزﻻ
ﻞـﯾﻮﺤﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺢﯿﺤـﺻ
راردا ـﯿﻣ ﯽﻧﺎ هداد ﺪـﺷ . ي ﻪـﯿﻬﺗ ياﺮـﺑ
وآ ﻊـﻤﺟ شور زا ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﮑﯿﺘـﺳﻼﭘ فوﺮـﻇ رد ﻪـﻧﺎﯿﻣ راردا ير
ﺪـﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻞﯾﺮﺘﺳا دﺎﺸﮔ نﺎﻫد .
راردا ﺖـﺸﮐ رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﻪـﺑ
0.01 ﻪﺘـﺷادﺮﺑ هﺮﺒﯿﻟﺎﮐ پﻮﻟ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ راردا ي ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﻮـﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﯿـﺘﻣ ﻦﯾزﻮـﺋا و رﺎـﮔآ دﻼـﺑ ﺖﺸﮐ يﺎﻫ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ يور ﺮﺑ و
ﺪــﯾدﺮﮔ ﺢﯿــﻘﻠﺗ .
ﻂﯿــﺤﻣ ﺲﭙــﺳ تﺪــﻣ ﻪــﺑ ﺎــﻫ
24 رد ﺖﻋﺎــﺳ
رﻮﺗﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا 37 ﺪﻧﺪـﺷ هداد راﺮـﻗ داﺮـﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎـﺳ ﻪﺟرد .
شرﺎﻤـﺷ
100 ﯽﻨﻠﮐ و ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ رد ﺮـﻫ ﯽـﻠﯿﻣ ﺮـﺘﯿﻟ راردا ﺮـﺑ ﻂﯿـﺤﻣ يور
ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﺖﺸﮐ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ
يراردا هدﻮﺑ و ﻪـﺑ ناﻮـﻨﻋ ﺖـﺸﮐ ﺖـﺒﺜﻣ
ﯽــﻘﻠﺗ ﺮﻫﺎــﻇ يﺎــﻫ ﯽــﻨﻠﮐ و ﺪــﯾدﺮﮔ ﻂــﺳﻮﺗ هﺪــﺷ
يﺎﻬــﺷور
ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﯿﺑ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ـﺴﮐا و زﻻﺎـﺗﺎﮐ ﺖـﺴﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ
ﮓـﻧرو زاﺪﯿ
يﺮﻟﺎﮔ ﻦﺘﺷاﺬﮔ و مﺮﮔ يﺰﯿﻣآ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺖﯾﻮﻫ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ
. رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﻪـﺑ
يرﻮﯿﭘ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ 10
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ راردا زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ 5
رود ﺎـﺑ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد
2500rpm ار راردا بﻮـﺳر زا هﺮﻄﻗ ﮏﯾ ﺲﭙﺳ ﺪﺷ ژﻮﻔﯾﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ
ﯽــﺳﺪﻋ ﺎــﺑ و هﺪﻧﺎــﺷﻮﭘ ﻞــﻣﻻ ﺎــﺑ و ﻪﺘــﺷاﺬﮔ مﻻ يور 40
ﺮــﯾز
يﺎـﻫ لﻮـﺒﻠﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ و هدﺮﮐ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ پﻮﮑﺳوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ار نآ ﺪﯿﻔـﺳ
داﺪﻌﺗ و هدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ 5
ﺮـﻈﻧ رد يرﻮـﯿﭘ ار ﺮﺘـﺸﯿﺑ و ﺖﯿﺳﻮﮑﻟ
ﻢﯿﺘﻓﺮﮔ . ﮏﺴﯾد ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ و ﺖﯿﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا نﻮﺘﻨﯿﻫ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ .
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ نﻮﯿﺳﺎﺑﻮﮑﻧا زا ﺪﻌﺑ 24
- 18
ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ هزاﺪـﻧا ار ﺪـﺷر مﺪـﻋ ي ﻪﻟﺎﻫ ﺮﻄﻗ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ سﺎـﺳا ﺮـﺑ و
ﻪﺑ ﮏﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ يﺎﻫ ﮏﺴﯾد ي هﺪﻧزﺎﺳ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ يﺎﻫدراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺪـﺷ شراﺰـﮔ سﺎﺴﺣ و موﺎﻘﻣ ترﻮﺻ .
راردا ﺖـﺸﮐ 125
ﺮـﻔﻧ
و ﺖﺒﺜﻣ 1125 ﺮﻔﻧ دﻮـﺑ ﯽـﻔﻨﻣ .
ﯽـﺳرﺮﺑ ﺎـﺑ يرﺎـﻣآ تﺎـﻋﻼﻃا راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
SPSS لﺎﮑـﺳوﺮﮐ يرﺎـﻣآ يﺎﻫ نﻮﻣزآ و
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا مﺎﮔ ﻪﺑ مﺎﮔ نﻮﯿﺳﺮﮔر و ﺲﯿﻟاو .
ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ
ﻧ ﺎــﺘ ﻪــﮐ ﺪــﻫﺪﯿﻣ نﺎــﺸﻧ ﺞﯾ 10
% زا رادرﺎــﺑ نﺎــﻧز ياراد
ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪـﻧدﻮﺑ
. ي هرﺎﻤـﺷ لوﺪـﺟ 1
ﻊـﯾزﻮﺗ
ﺪﻫﺪﯿﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ار يرادرﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﺳ رد يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ عﻮﯿﺷ .
لوﺪﺟ 1:
رد ﻦﺳ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺮﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ عﻮﯿﺷ ﻊﯾزﻮﺗ لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز
1392
عﻮﯿﺷ ﻦﺳ
) لﺎﺳ ( ﻊﻤﺟ
ﺎﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐ 20<
24
- 20 29
- 25 34
- 30 35>
ﺖﺒﺜﻣ 18
) 11 (%
49
) 8 (%
35
) 10 (%
18
) 17 (%
5
) 8 (%
125
) 10 (%
ﯽﻔﻨﻣ 142
) 89 (%
541 ) 92 (%
300
) 90 (%
87 ) 83 (%
55 ) 92 (%
1125 ) 90 (%
ﻊﻤﺟ 160
590
335
105
60
1250
سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ رادﻮﻤﻧ ي هرﺎﻤﺷ 1
دوﺪﺣ 27 يﺎﻫ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ زا ﺪﺻرد
ﯽﻨﻠﮐ ندﻮﺑ ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺖﺸﮐ يزﺎﯿﻧ ماﺮﮔﻮﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻧﺎﮐ
ﺪﺻرد ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ كﻮﮐﻮﻠﯿﻓﺎﺘﺳا نﺎﯿﻣ ﻦﯾا رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ )
60 (%
ﺪﺻرد ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑوﺮﺘﻧآ و )
1 ( ٪ صﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ار
ﺪﻫﺪﯿﻣ . ﺎﺤﯿﺟﺮﺗ و يرورﺎﺑ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﻋر ﺎﺑ داﺮﻓا ﻦﯾا
ﺪﻨﺑﺎﯾ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﮏﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ نوﺪﺑ .
رادﻮﻤﻧ 1 : ﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺪﺻرد و ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ نﺎﻧز رد ماﺮﮔﻮﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ ﻪﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ نوﺪﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ ﻒﯿﻔﺧ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي هﺪﻨﻨﮐ دﺎﺠﯾا ﯽﯾﺎ
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ رادرﺎﺑ 1392
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
كﻮﮐﻮﻠﯿﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﻞﯿﺳﺎﺑﻮﺘﮐﻻ ﯽﻠﮐﺎﯿﺸﯾﺮﺷا ﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑوﺮﺘﻧآ
سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ رادﻮﻤﻧ
ي هرﺎﻤﺷ 2
ﺪـﺷ ﻪـﻟوﺰﯾا يﺎـﻫ ﻢـﺴﯿﻧﺎﮔرا زا ه
ﺖــﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪــﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎــﺑ دراﻮــﻣ زا ﺪــﻨﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﺐــﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪــﺑ
:
ﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﺲﯾﺪـﯿﻣرﺪﯿﭘا كﻮﮐﻮﻠﯿ )
49 (٪ - ﯽﻠﮐﺎﯿـﺸﯾﺮﺷا )
34 (-٪ ﻪــﮐآﻮﻠﮐ ﺮﺘﮐﺎــﺑوﺮﺘﻧآ )
10 (-٪ ﻼﯿــﺴﺒﻠﮐ ﻪــﯿﻧﻮﻣﻮﻨﭘ
) 6 (٪ و
ﺲﯿﻟﺎﮑﻓ كﻮﮐوﺮﺘﻧآ )
1 .(٪
رادﻮﻤﻧ 2:
ﯽﺘﻧآ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻣزﺎﯿﻧ ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ي هﺪﻨﻨﮐ دﺎﺠﯾا ﯽﯾﺎﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺪﺻرد و ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز رد ماﺮﮔﻮﯿﺑ
نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ رﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﯾ 1392
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
كﻮﮐﻮ ﻠﯿﻓﺎﺘﺳا ﯽﻠﮐﺎﯿﺸﯾﺮ ﺷا ﺮ ﺘﮐﺎﺑوﺮﺘﻧآ ﻼﯿﺴﺒﻠﮐ كﻮ ﮐوﺮ ﺘﻧآ
ﮏـﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ ﯽـﺘﻧآ ﻦﯾﺮـﺗ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ2 ي هرﺎﻤﺷ لوﺪﺟ ﻖﺒﻃ ﺮﺑ
نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ نﺎﻣرد رد ﻦﯿـﺳﺎﮑﯿﻣآ يرادرﺎﺑ نارود ﺖﻣﻼﻋ
ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨــﺷ ﺪــﺷ
عﻮــﻤﺠﻣ رد ﻪــﮐ 95
نآ ﻪــﺑ ﺎــﻫ ﻢــﺴﯿﻧﺎﮔرا زا٪
و سﺎﺴﺣ 5
موﺎـﻘﻣ٪ ﺪـﻧدﻮﺑ . ود ﺐـﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﮏـﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ ﯽـﺘﻧآ ﻦﯿـﻣ ﻢﯿﺴﮐﺎﺗﻮﻔﺳ
ﻮﺑ د عﻮـﻤﺠﻣ رد ﻪﮐ 88
نآ ﻪـﺑ ﺎـﻫ ﻢـﺴﯿﻧﺎﮔرا زا٪
و سﺎﺴﺣ 12
ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ موﺎﻘﻣ٪ .
وﺎﻘﻣ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ رد ﺖﻣ
لوزﺎﺴﮐﻮﻤﯾﺮﺗﻮﮐ ﮏﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ هﺪﯾد
ﺪﺷ ) 51 (.٪
لوﺪﺟ 2 : نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺒﻣ رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز زا هﺪﺷ اﺪﺟ يﺎﻫ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯽﮑﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ ﺖﯿﺳﺎﺴﺣ ﻊﯾزﻮﺗ
لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ 1392
وراد ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو
ﮏﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﻧآ عﻮﻧ
موﺎﻘﻣ سﺎﺴﺣ
داﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﺻرد
داﺪﻌﺗ
ﺪﺻرد
ﻦﯿﺳﺎﮑﯿﻣآ
6 5
% 119
95
%
ﻢﯿﺴﮐﺎﺗﻮﻔﺳ
15 12
% 110
88
%
نﻮﺴﮐﺎﯾﺮﺘﻔﺳ
16 13
% 109
87
%
ﻦﯿﺴﯾﺎﻣﺎﺘﻨﺟ
17 14
% 108
86
%
ﻦﯾزﺎﺴﮐﻮﻠﻓوﺮﭙﯿﺳ
20 16
% 105
84
%
ﻦﯾزﺎﺴﮐﻮﻠﻓرﻮﻧ
20 16
% 105
84
%
ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﺴﮑﯾﺪﯿﻟﺎﻧ
25 20
% 100
80
%
ﻦﯿﺴﮑﻟﺎﻔﺳ
38 30
% 87
70
%
وﻼﮐ ﯽﺴﮐﻮﻣآﻮﮐ
41 33
% 84
67
%
ﻢﯿﺴﮑﯿﻔﺳ
50 40
% 75
60
%
ﻦﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﯽﺴﮐﻮﻣآ
56 45
% 69
55
%
لوزﺎﺴﮐﻮﻤﯾﺮﺗﻮﮐ
64 51
% 61
49
%
ﺑ يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ و ﺚﺤ
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا زا فﺪﻫ عﻮﯿﺷ
ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ و
نآ نﺎﻣرد ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻪﻌﺟاﺮﻣ رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز رد
ﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ه ا ﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﮐ ﯽ
ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ لﺎﺳ رد
1392 دﻮﺑ . رد
عﻮﯿﺷ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ي ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ
ز رد رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧ
10 ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ دروآﺮﺑ ﺪﺻرد .
و نﺎﮔداز جﺮﻓ ي ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا نﺎﻬﻔﺻا رد ﻪﮐ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز رد ﺖﻣﻼﻋ 4
دﻮﺑ ٪ . رد ﻄﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎ ي هدازرﺎﻔﻏ و
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ رد ناﺮﻬﺗ و ﯽﻣﺎﻏﺮﺿ دﺮﻓ و نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ رد كارا ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ
يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ
13 - 2 دروآﺮﺑ٪ هﺪﺷ دﻮﺑ . رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
يا ﻪﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯽﻧﺎﺨﯿﻠﻋ و نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ رد ناﺪﻤﻫ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺪﺷ ناﺰﯿﻣ
يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ نوﺪﺑ
ﺖﻣﻼﻋ 10 دﻮﺑ٪ . رﻮﺸﮐ رد ﻪﮐ يا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
ﺤﻟا ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺪﻤﺣا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻦﻤﯾ رد يراردا ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا داﺪ
30 ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز ٪ )
23 ( و رﺪﯾﺎﻫ ي ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد .
و نﺎﮔﺰﺳ ي ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد و نﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ رﻮﺸﮐ رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ يراردا ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ عﻮﯿﺷ ﻦﯿﭙﯿﻠﯿﻓ رﻮﺸﮐ رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ 4.3 و ٪ 1.9 ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ شراﺰﮔ ٪ )
24 ، 25 ( رد توﺎﻔﺗ ﺖﻠﻋ.
ردا ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ عﻮﯿﺷ ﺨﻣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد يرا
ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ار ﻒﻠﺘ ﻪﺑ
داد ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يدﺎﺼﺘﻗا ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا ﺖﯿﻌﺿو و داﮋﻧ رد توﺎﻔﺗ )
22 .(
رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ي ﯽﻔﯿﺻﻮﺗ ﯽﻌﻄﻘﻣ–
ﻪﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ مﺎﻬﻟاﺮﺘﮐد يﺮﺸﺒﻣ
ﯽﺷزﻮﻣآﺰﮐﺮﻣرد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫو -
ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد ﯽﻧﺎﯾزد نﺎﮔﺮﮔ يورﺮﺑ
900 نز رادرﺎﺑ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻓﺮﯾﺬﭘ 3.7 ناردﺎﻣزا٪ رادرﺎﺑ ﻼﺘﺒﻣ ﻪﺑ
يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ نوﺪﺑ
ﺖﻣﻼﻋ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ) 13 ( ﻪﮐ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺎﻣ ي ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ زا
ﺖﺳا . رد ﮏﯾ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ي ﯽﻌﻄﻘﻣ ﻪﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﻨﯿﺳﺎﻣ و رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ
ﯽﮑﺷﺰﭘ اﺪﻧﺎﮔﻮﺑ رد ﺎﯿﻧاﺰﻧﺎﺗ يورﺮﺑ 247 نز
رادرﺎﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ نﺎﺸﻧ داد ﻪﮐ 31 ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ٪ يراردا ﺖﻣﻼﻋ
راد و 69 يراردا ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ٪ نوﺪﺑ
ﺖﻣﻼﻋ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد . عﻮﯿﺷ
يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ رد
نﺎﻧز ﺖﻣﻼﻋ راد 18 وﺪﺑو ٪ ن ﺖﻣﻼﻋ 13
،دﻮﺑ ٪
توﺎﻔﺗ ﯽﻨﻌﻣ يراد ﻦﯿﺑ هوﺮﮔود هﺪﯾد ﺪﺸﻧ ) 21 .(
ﮏﯾرد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ي ﯽﻔﯿﺻﻮﺗ ﯽﻌﻄﻘﻣ–
ﻪﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻢﯿﻫاﺮﺑا رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد و نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ
نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷرد رﺎﻬﺑ
نﺎﺘﺳارد ناﺪﻤﻫ
ترﻮﺻ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ داد
ﻪﮐ 10 زا ٪ نﺎﻧز ياراد يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ نوﺪﺑ
ﺖﻣﻼﻋ و 73 ياراد ٪
يﺎﻬﻟﻮﻠﺳ نﻮﺧﺪﯿﻔﺳ
رد راردا ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ) 16 .(
يﺎﻫ ﺖﯾدوﺪﺤﻣ زا
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا ﺮﻈﻧ زا راد ﺖﻣﻼﻋ يراردا ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ يﺮﯿﮕﯿﭘ مﺪﻋ
دﻮﺑ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ﯽﻟﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ و نﺎﻣرد ﻪﺑ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ .
ﻪﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﻤﻫ يﻮﮕﻟا ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻓاﺮﻐﺟ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا )
ناﺰﯿﻣ
ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ (
ﺪﻧراد ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ رد طﺎﯿﺘﺣا ,
دﻮﺑ يروﺮﺿ نآ نداد ﻢﯿﻤﻌﺗ .
يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ
مزﻻ ﻪﯾرﺪﯿﺣ ﺖﺑﺮﺗ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز رد ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ي ﻪﻨﯿﻣز رد ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يا هرود رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳا دﻮﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﻋ نوﺪﺑ يرﻮﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ .
زا هﮋﯾو ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
تﺎﮑﻧ شزﻮﻣآ و هﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﻢﻈﻨﻣ عﺎﺟرا و رادرﺎﺑ نﺎﻧز ﺶﻘﻧ ﺪﻧاﻮﺘﯿﻣ ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺑا زا يﺮﯿﮕﺸﯿﭘرد ﯽﯾاﺰﺳ ﻪﺑ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد نآ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ضراﻮﻋ و يراردا ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ .
ﯽﻧادرﺪﻗ و ﺮﮑﺸﺗ
ﯽﻨﯾﺪﻟا جﺎﺗ ﯽﻠﻋ يﺎﻗآ زا ﻪﻠﯿﺳو ﻦﯾﺪﺑ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ و
ﯽﻣﺮﺘﺤﻣ ﻪﺘﺷاد يرﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻦﯿﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا مﺎﺠﻧا رد ﻪﮐ
ﺪﯾآ ﯽﻣ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻧادرﺪﻗ و ﺮﮑﺸﺗ لﺎﻤﮐ ﺪﻧا .
References:
1- Gulfareen H, Nishat Z, AftabAfroze M, Ambreen H. Risk factors of urinary tract infection in pregnancy. J Pak Med Assoc. 2010;
60(3):213 – 6.
2- borghei N, Kashani E, Rabie MR, the relationship between asymptomatic bacteriuria and preeclampsia Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, spring and summer of 1383, the sixth year, No. 13, pp: 56 – 61
3- Kanfynghom, Lono, Bloom, Hot, Russian, Spong translator doctor BahramGhazi,Ghotbi R.
edited by Ansari SH,Aghsa MM, Williams obstetrics, edition of 23, published Golban, Tehran, 1389, Volume III, pp: 1015 - 1306 – 1366
4 - Taghdisi MH, Nejadsadeghi E, inspiration, evaluation of urinary tract infections in pregnant women based on the structure of the health belief model, Health Education Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, during the year 1388.
5- Fauci A, Martin J. Urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis. In: Kasper DL, Braunwald EU, Hauser S, editors. Harrison's principles of internalmedicine. 16th ed. New York: McGrow Hill; 2005:817-25
6- Gunningham FG, Levono KJ, Bloom SL.
Urinary tract disorder. In: Gunningham FG, Gant NF, Williams JW, editors. William's obstetrics.
22nded. New York: McGrow Hill; 2005: 1095- 1096
7- Hazhir S. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnantwomen. Urol J 2007; 4(1):24-7.
8 - Farajzadegan Z, Mirmoghtadaii P., Mehrabian F. evaluate and compare the cost - effectiveness analysis, urine culture method for screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women, Journal of Isfahan Medical School, summer 1387, twenty years and VI, No.
89, pp: 119 – 126
9 - Shirazi MH, Ranjbar R, Daneshyar E., Sadeghian S, Sadeghifard N, etiology and antimicrobial resistance of urinary tract infections in asymptomatic pregnant women attending health centers in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Journal of Infectious hospital infectious disease specialists Association, spring 1386, year XII, No. 26, pp.
53 – 58
10 – Mosayebi Z ,Fakhraii H.,Movahedian AH ,Prevalence and risk factors of low birth weight infants in Mahdieh hospital Tehran for one year, Summer 1383, No 30, Pages: 65 –67
11- Banhidy, F., Acs, N., Puho, E. and Czeizel, A. (2006), Maternal urinary tract infection and related drug treatments during pregnancy and risk of congenital abnormalities in the offspring.
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics&Gynaecology, 113:pp. 146–147.
12-L A Schieve, A Handler, R Hershow, V Persky, and F Davis .Urinary tract infection during pregnancy: its association with maternal morbidity and perinatal outcome. American Journal of Public Health March 1994: Vol. 84, No. 3, pp. 405-410
13 –Mobashery E, Tabrayi A ,Mojerlo M, Vakili MA, Dastforoshan M, Gholami M., Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in women's training center - DezyaniGorgan Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, Spring and summer 1381, year IV, No. 9, pp: 42-46
14 - Alimohammadi SH, the relationship between urinary tract infection and preterm birth, Journal of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, spring 1383, the eleventh year, serial number 31, pages: 51 – 54 15- Masinde A ‚ Gumodoka B ‚ Kilonzo A ‚ Mshana SE ‚ prevalence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women at Bugando Medical
16-EbrahimD, Moussawi SH, Alikhani M, Association between Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Some demographic Variables in Pregnant Women referred to Health Centers men attending health centers in city Bahar of Hamadan, Ilam University of Medical Sciences Journal, Fall 1389 Course eighteenth, No. III, pp: 53 - 60 17-SuzanneS...Asmltz, BrendaJ..Bir,
JaniceL..Hynkel, KerryH..
ChyvyrtranslationNsabeZ, Hazrati M, BeigiBorujeni R, edited byS.Salemi, Nursing Brunnerandkidney and urinary tractSvdars2010, first edition, publication Salemi, Tehran, 1389, Volume9, page: 124
18-Allen.HDchrny, Martin. Pernol L, translated by Ghotbi N, Vaziri A, Riahi R, Mahmoudan A, editorGhotbi N, Current Women, second edition, publication Taymoorzade Cultural Institute, Tehran, 1378, Volume I, pages: 356-357-483- 484
19-ZolfaghariM, Asady Noghabi AA, maternal and child health nursing, fourth edition, published Aghili, Publication Hadigi, Tehran, 1389, pp: 60-68
20-SuzanneS.. Asmltzr, Brndaj. Bir, translated Amini H, Asemi S, Mohammad alaiha J, edited by Salemi S, Nursing Surgical Boronero sodart 2004 Cardiovascular Blood, Second Edition, Nshr, publicationsalemiTehran1383, Volume7.
Pages: 335 –337
21-Masinde A, Gumodoka B, Kilonzo A, et al.
Prevalence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women at Bugando medical center, Mwanza, Tanzania. Tanzan J Health Res 2009:
11:pp. 154-159
22-Cunningham F, Leveno K, Hauth J, et al, editors. Williams Obstetrics. 23th ed. New York:
McGraw-Hill Professional; 2009: pp.489-491 23-.Al-Haddad AM. Urinary tract infection among pregnant women in Al-Mukalla district, Yemen. East Mediterr Health J 2005; pp.505-510 24-Sescon NIC, Garingalao-Molina FD, Ycasiano CEJ, et al. Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Associated Risk Factors in Pregnant Women. Phil J
Microbial Infect Dis 2003; 32:pp. 63-69
25- .Haider G, Zehra N, Munir AA, et al. Risk factors of urinary tract infection in pregnancy
26- NasiriAmiri F, HassanjaniRoshan MR, Haji Ahmadi M, Akbarzadeh Pasha Z, the role of health behaviors on incidence of urinary tract infection in pregnant women attending health centers in Babol city (1381-83), Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences, Course VIII , No. 2, April - May 1385, pp: 56 – 62
27- Ebadi M, Rahmanian F. The relationship between weight gain and the incidence of urinary
tract infection in pregnant women attending public clinics in city Larestan, the World Journal of Microbiology, athemn 1388, Second Year, No 42, pp: 177 – 182
28- Afrakhteh M., Mahdavi A, Velaii N, the relationship between bacterial vaginosis and urinary tract infections, Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Spring 1382, No. 42, pp: 37-42 .
Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and its Treatment
In pregnant women referred to Health centers of Torbat Haydarieh in 2013
Kameli *, Badiee , Rafiee M3
1-CorrespondingAuthor: laboratory sciences, Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran.
E-mail: [email protected] Tel: +5312220221
2- Medical Toxicology, University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydarieh, Iran.
3- Midwifery, Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran
Abstract
Background: The urinary tract infection, asymptomatic bacteriuriadue to lack of clinical signs is important. Especially in pregnant women, anatomical and physiological changes in the urinary tract and immune system changes during pregnancy increases the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and in some cases lead to symptomatic urinary tract infection is serious risk to mother and fetus contains .This study examined the Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and its implications in pregnant women referred tothe health center laboratory TorbatHaydarieh in 2013.
Materials & Methods: The study is descriptive -cross sectional. In thisstudy1250pregnant women referred to thehealth center laboratoryUniversity of Medical Sciences Torbat Haydarieh in 2013.
enrolled and were randomly sampled .All pregnant women referred to the health centers for Prenatal care Were referred to the laboratory for urine analysis and women with 4-5 white cells in urine or puriand women with symptoms of UTI were referred for testing urine culture .125 patients who had a positive urine culture as case Groupand1125 women who were free of UTI as controls Group were considered.
Statistical dataanalysiswas performedusingSPSSsoftware.
Results: The results show that10% of patients is a symptomatic bacteriuria. The highest rate asymptomatic bacteriuria is in the age group 20- 24 years (39%) and the lowest rate in more than 35years (4%). Organisms isolated from cases of asymptomatic bacteriuria are respectively: Staphilococ epidermidis (49%) -Ecoli(34%) – Enterobacter(10%) -Klebsiellapneumoniae(6%) and Enterococcus focal is(1 %).The most appropriate antibiotic treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy is known Amikacin that95% sensitive and 5% of the organismswere resistantto it. The second antibiotic appropriate cefotaxime for treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women is cefotaxime that 88%sensitive and12% of the total organisms were resistant to it. The highest resistance (51%) seen in the antibiotic Co-Trimoxazole.
Conclusion: Urinary tract infections can be very unpleasant side effects such as premature babies with low weight, high blood pressure, preeclampsia, mother anemia and perinatal mortality to be followed .According to importance of urinary tract infection and very adverse complications and importance health of women as mothers in the community ,we hope this study can as a database for future Decisions in order to health plan and Proceeding spreventiveand therapeutic for reducing the incidence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women is used.
Keywords: Asymptomatic bacteriuria, pregnant women, the