The Relationship between Leadership behaviors of Managers and Employees Burnout in Iranian Public Organizations: A Meta-Analysis

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The Relationship between Leadership behaviors of Managers and Employees Burnout in Iranian Public Organizations:

A Meta-Analysis

Feze Ghanbari Ghaleroudkhani

Ph.D., Candidate, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Economic, Management and Administrative Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran. E-mail:

[email protected]

Mohsen Farhadi Nejad^*

*Corresponding Author, Assistant Prof., Department of Business Management, Faculty of Economic, Management and Administrative Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.

E-mail: [email protected]

Alireza Moghaddam

Assistant Prof., Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Economic, Management and Administrative Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran. E-mail:

[email protected]

Mahmoud Najafi

Associate Prof., Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract Objective

In recent years, various researche has been done on the relationship between leadership behaviors of managers and burnout of employees in Iranian public organizations but the academic community is faced with scattered information about this relationship. Reviewing the academic literature, researchers of the current study obtained various results. Some studies consider leadership style and behavior as effective factors in reducing burnout of employees in public organizations, some regard such factors as less important, and some consider them effectless. This paper, using the meta-analysis method, aggregated the findings of articles that previously examined the relationship between leadership behaviors of managers and burnout of employees in Iranian public organizations. In this regard, the relationship between various leadership behaviors and burnout of employees in Iranian public organizations in various studies was initially identified and investigated. Then using the principles and rules of meta-analysis, the total effect size was calculated. Next, the behaviors with the greatest impact on employee burnout in Iranian public organizations were studied.

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Methods

The research was performed using a meta-analysis method and CMA2 software. In this regard, all articles published in Persian scientific research journals, done by one of the Iranian public organizations were reviewed using keywords such as managers' behavior, leadership style, and employee burnout. After reviewing and considering the input and output criteria, 12 studies were chosen to enter the meta-analysis process.

Results

The achieved results from the meta-analysis indicated the fixed effect size to stand at -0.339 and the random effect size at -0.371 i.e. there was an average relationship between leadership behaviors of managers and burnout of employees in Iranian public organizations. In a separate study to examine the effect size of each behavior or leadership style of managers, it was observed that among the behavior or leadership styles affecting burnout of employees in Iranian public organizations, ethical leadership style with a total effect size of -0.57, relationship-oriented leadership style with a total effect size -0.43and transformational leadership style with a total effect size -0.42 have the highest effect size and the relationship is above average.

Conclusion

Due to the identified levels of relationship (from important and effective to insignificant and ineffective) between leadership behaviors of managers and burnout of employees by earlier studies and the findings of the current one, it can be inferred that some mediator or moderator variables may influence the relationship, leading to different results in various studies. However, the important issue which is also among the finding of the present study is that leadership behaviors and styles are among the critical factors which should be taken into account to reduce employee burnout in Iranian public organizations. Also, the results indicate that ethical and transformational leadership are behaviors and styles the application of which in organizations can have a great impact on reducing the burnout of employees in Iranian public organizations.

Keywords: Burnout, Iranian public organizations, Leadership behavior of managers, Meta- analysis.

Citation: Ghanbari Ghaleroudkhani, Feze; Farhadi Nejad, Mohsen; Moghaddam, Alireza &

Najafi, Mahmoud (2022). The Relationship between Leadership behaviors of Managers and Employees Burnout in Iranian Public Organizations: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Public Administration, 14(3), 371-387. (in Persian)

Journal of Public Administration, 2022, Vol. 14, No.3, pp. 371-387 Received: May 20, 2022

Published by University of Tehran, Faculty of Management Received in revised form: June 26, 2022 https://doi.org/10.22059/JIPA.2022.343381.3159 Accepted: August 19, 2022

Article Type: Research Paper Published online: October 20, 2022

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ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ طﺎﺒﺗرا

يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر

ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ و

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ

نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ

ﻲﺘﻟود ناﺮﻳا

ﻪﻀﻓ يﺮﺒﻨﻗ ﻪﻌﻠﻗ ﻲﻧﺎﺧدور

يﻮﺠــﺸﻧاد

،يﺮــﺘﻛد هوﺮــﮔ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪــﻣ

،ﻲــﺘﻟود هﺪﻜــﺸﻧاد

،دﺎــﺼﺘﻗا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪــﻣ و مﻮــﻠﻋ

،يرادا هﺎﮕــﺸﻧاد

،نﺎﻨﻤــﺳ

،نﺎﻨﻤــﺳ ناﺮــﻳا . ﻪــﻣﺎﻧﺎﻳار :

[email protected]

ﻦﺴﺤﻣ يدﺎﻫﺮﻓ

*داﮋﻧ

* هﺪﻨــﺴﻳﻮﻧ

،لﻮﺌــﺴﻣ

،رﺎﻳدﺎﺘــﺳا هوﺮــﮔ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪــﻣ

،ﻲﻧﺎــﮔرزﺎﺑ هﺪﻜــﺸﻧاد

،دﺎــﺼﺘﻗا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪــﻣ و مﻮــﻠﻋ

،يرادا هﺎﮕــﺸﻧاد

،نﺎﻨﻤــﺳ

،نﺎﻨﻤــﺳ ناﺮــﻳا . ﻪــﻣﺎﻧﺎﻳار :

[email protected]

ﺎﺿﺮﻴﻠﻋ مﺪﻘﻣ

،رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا هوﺮﮔ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

،ﻲﺘﻌﻨﺻ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد

،دﺎﺼﺘﻗا ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ

،يرادا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد

،نﺎﻨﻤﺳ

،نﺎﻨﻤﺳ ناﺮﻳا . ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺎﻳار

[email protected]:

دﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﻲﻔﺠﻧ

،رﺎﻴﺸﻧاد هوﺮﮔ ناور ﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻲ

،ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ناور ﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻲ و مﻮﻠﻋ

،ﻲﺘﻴﺑﺮﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد

،نﺎﻨﻤﺳ

،نﺎﻨﻤﺳ ناﺮﻳا . ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺎﻳار

[email protected]:

هﺪﻴﻜﭼ فﺪﻫ : ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺎﺑ فﺪﻫ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ

ﻤﻛ ﻲ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ مﺎﺠﻧا هﺪﺷ رد هزﻮﺣ طﺎﺒﺗرا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮـﺒﻫر ناﺮﻳﺪـﻣ ﺎـﺑ ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود ناﺮﻳا مﺎﺠﻧا هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا ﺎﺗ ﻦﻤﺿ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﺛا

،ﻲﻠﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ار رد ناﺰﻴﻣ

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﺪﻧراد .

شور : ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺎﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا شور ﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ ﻴ ﻞ و مﺮﻧ راﺰﻓا اﺮﺟاCMA2

ﺪﺷ ه ﺖﺳا . رد ﻦﻳا

،ﺎﺘﺳار ﻪﻴﻠﻛ ﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻪ يﺎﻫ پﺎﭼ هﺪﺷ رد ﻳﺮﺸﻧ ﻪ يﺎﻫ ﻲـﻤﻠﻋ

ـ ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﺳرﺎﻓ نﺎﺑز ﻪﻛ رد ﻲﻜﻳ زا نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲـﺘﻟود ناﺮـﻳا مﺎـﺠﻧا هﺪـﺷ دﻮـﺑ

، زا ﻖـﻳﺮﻃ هﺎـﮕﻳﺎﭘ يﺎـﻫ ﻲـﻤﻠﻋ ﺮـﺒﺘﻌﻣ و ﺎـﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا زا

هژاوﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ نﻮﭼ رﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر

،ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻚﺒﺳ

،يﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ . ﺲﭘ زا مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲـﺳرﺮﺑ و رد ﺮـﻈﻧ ﻦﺘﻓﺮـﮔ يﺎـﻫرﺎﻴﻌﻣ

يدورو و

،ﻲﺟوﺮﺧ 12 ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ دراو ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ ﺪﺷ .

ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻫ : ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ نﺎﺸﻧ داد ﻪﻛ هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﺛا ﻲﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد لﺪﻣ ﺮﺛا ﺖﺑﺎﺛ 339 / 0 - و رد لﺪﻣ ﺮﺛا ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ 371 / 0 - ﺖﺳا

؛ ﻪـﺑ ﻦـﻳا

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻴﺑ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ دﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﮔ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود ناﺮﻳا

، طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻄﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﻲ دﻮﺟو دراد .

،ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻪـﺑ رﻮـﻃ

،ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﺛا ﺮﻫ ﻚﻳ زا رﺎﺘﻓر ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ و هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﺷ ﻪﻛ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ﺎﺑ هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﺛا ﻲﻠﻛ 57 / 0 -

، يﺮﺒﻫر ﻪﻄﺑار رﻮﺤﻣ ﺎـﺑ هزاﺪـﻧا

ﺮﺛا ﻲﻠﻛ 43 / 0 - و يﺮﺒﻫر لﻮﺤﺗ اﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﺛا ﻲﻠﻛ 42 / 0 - ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﺛا ار ﺪﻧراد و طﺎﺒﺗرا زا ﺪﺣ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا .

ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ يﺮﻴﮔ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ: ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ زا ﻦﻳا عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻜﺣ دراد ﻪﻛ رﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ

، ﻞـﻣﺎﻋ ﻲـﻤﻬﻣ ﺖـﺳا ﻪـﻛ ﻲـﻣ ناﻮـﺗ ياﺮـﺑ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود ناﺮﻳا ﻪﺑ نآ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ و يور نآ ﻪﻳﺎﻣﺮﺳ راﺬﮔ ي ﺮﻛ د .

هژاوﺪﻴﻠﻛ ﺎﻫ رﺎﺘﻓر: يﺮﺒﻫر

،ﺮﻳﺪﻣ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻲﺘﻟود

،ناﺮﻳا

،ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ .

دﺎﻨﺘﺳا : يﺮﺒﻨﻗ ﻪﻌﻠﻗ

،ﻲﻧﺎﺧدور

؛ﻪﻀﻓ يدﺎﻫﺮﻓ

،داﮋﻧ

؛ﻦﺴﺤﻣ

،مﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﺿﺮﻴﻠﻋ و

،ﻲﻔﺠﻧ دﻮـﻤﺤﻣ ) 1401 .(

ﻞـﻴﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ طﺎـﺒﺗرا يﺎـﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮـﺒﻫر

ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود ناﺮﻳا ﻣ. ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻲﺘﻟود

، 14 ) 3 (

، 371 - 387 .

ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

،ﻲﺘﻟود 1401

، هرود 14

، هرﺎﻤﺷ 3

، ﺺﺻ . 371 - 387 ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ

رد ﻳ ﺖﻓﺎ : 30 / 02 / 1401

ﺮﺷﺎﻧ : ةﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ناﺮﻬﺗ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ

ﺶﻳاﺮﻳو : 05 / 04 / 1401

عﻮﻧ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ : ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ

ﺬﭘ ﻳ شﺮ : 28 / 05 / 1401

نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ© ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ

رﺎﺸﺘﻧا : 28 / 07 / 1401

doi: https://doi.org/10.22059/JIPA.2022.343381.3159

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ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ طﺎﺒﺗرا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

ﻛ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎ /...

ﻪﻌﻠﻗ ﻲﻧﺎﺧدور و نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ 372

ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ

رﺎﻛ رد ﻲﮔﺪﻧز ﺮﻫ

،دﺮﻓ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻲﻤﻬﻣ زا تﺎﻴﺣ و ي بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ﻪﻛ فﺮﺻ ﺮﻈﻧ زا

ﺑ ﺪﻌ

،يدﺎﺼﺘﻗا ﻲﻣ

ﺪـﻧاﻮﺗ داﺪـﻌﺗ دﺎـﻳز ي زا

ﺎﻫزﺎﻴﻧ ي ﻲﺳﺎﺳا داﺮﻓا

، ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺎﻫزﺎﻴﻧ ي ﻲﻧاور و ﻲﻤﺴﺟ ار هدروآﺮﺑ دزﺎﺳ . ﺎﺑ ﻦﻳا

،لﺎﺣ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ﺖﺳا ﺎﻛ

،ر ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﺪﻤﻋ ة رﺎﺸﻓ ﻲﻧاور ﺰﻴﻧ

ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻲﻜﻳ زا ﻲﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻣ ﻪﻛ

ًاﺮﻴﺧا رد نﻮﻧﺎﻛ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ يرﺎﻴﺴﺑ زا ناور ﺳﺎﻨﺷ نﺎ ﻲﺘﻌﻨﺻ و ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ راﺮﻗ

،ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

ﺖﺳا

) هرﻮﺳﺎﺒﻴﻜﺷ و

،ﻲﻨﺴﺣ 1400 .(

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

ﻲﺘﻟﺎﺣ زا سﺮﺘﺳا ﻲﻤﺴﺟ و ﻲﻧاور ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ رد ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺳاﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻔﻃﺎﻋ و

ﻪﻓﺮﺣ يا اﺮﻓا د دﺎﺠﻳا ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ ) نﺎﻳزرا و نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ

،1

2022 .(

لﻼﺘﺧا ﻲﻧاور ﺖﺴﻴﻧ

؛ ﺎﻣا ﻪﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﻫآ رد لﻮﻃ نﺎﻣز شﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ و ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ ﻲﻧاور

ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ ددﺮﮔ . ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

ياﺮﺑ داﺮﻓا ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ يا روآدرد و ياﺮﺑ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ هﺪﻳﺪﭘ يا ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا . ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ يﺎﻫ ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ياﺮﺑ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ

، ﺐﻠﻏا زا ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻳاﺪﺟ

،ﺪﻨﻣرﺎﻛ فﻼﺗا

،ﺖﻗو ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ياﺮﺑ شزﻮﻣآ يوﺮﻴﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ،ﺪـﻳﺪﺟ

هﺮﻬﺑ يرو و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا كﺮﺗ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﺖﺌﺸﻧ ﻲﻣ دﺮﻴﮔ )

،چﻻزﺎﻣ ﻲﻠﻓﺎﺷ و

2ﺮﻴﻟ

، 2014 .(

ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ

،ﻲﻠﻛ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻲﻜﻳ زا ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻋ ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ نﺎﻳﺎﺷ ﻲﻬﺟﻮـﺗ ﺮـﺑ ﺖﻣﻼـﺳ ﻲﻤـﺴﺟ و

ﻲﻧاور داﺮﻓا دراد . ﻦﻳا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ

رد ﺢﻄﺳ ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﻲﮔﺪﻧز نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ و دﺮـﻜﻠﻤﻋ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺖﺒﻴﻏ و ﺪﺼﻗ كﺮﺗ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ دﻮﺷ . ﻲﻧﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﻪﻛ

ﻲﻳﻻﺎﺑ ﺪـﻧراد

،

ًﻻﺎـﻤﺘﺣا ﺪـﺼﻗ كﺮـﺗ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ رد نآ ﺎﻫ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا و ﻦﻳا ﻣا ﺮ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻛ ياﺮﺑ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا و شزﻮﻣآ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ دراد ) ﻮﭙﻴﺘﻧارو و

ﭻﻴﻧاﻮﻧاوﺎﭼ

،3

2021 .(

،ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ زا ﻢﻬﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ صﻮﺼﺧ رد نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲـﺘﻟود

،ناﺮـﻳا

ﻲﻣ ناﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺧ

،ﻦﻣﺰﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ و

،ﺖﺳرد ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺖﻴﻔﻴﻛ و ﻴﻤﻛ ﺖ

،رﺎﻛ

،ﺖﺒﻴﻏ ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ

،ﻪـﻴﺣور

،ﺪـﻬﻌﺗ

شﺰﻴﮕﻧا و ﺖﻳﺎﺿر نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ و ﺤﺗ ﻠ ﻞﻴ ﻲﮕﺘﻓر هرﺎﺷا دﺮﻛ .

ﺮﻫ ﺪﻣ ﻳ يﺮ رد ﺪﻧور ﺪﻣ ﻳ ﺮ ﻳ ﻲﺘ ﻮﺧ ﻳ ﺶ زا ﻚﺒﺳ ﻳﺎ ﻚﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ و ﻲﺻﺎﺧ هﺮﻬﺑ ﻲﻣ دﺮـﻴﮔ ﻪـﻛ ا ـﻳ ﻦ ﻚﺒـﺳ رد ﻊـﻗاو

ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ يﺎﻫﻮﮕﻟا يرﺎﺘﻓر يو ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ رد ﺮﺟ ﻳ نﺎ رﺎﻛ و ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ دﻮﻤﻧ اﺪﻴﭘ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ و ﺮﺑ يﺎﻨﺒﻣ اﻳ ﻦ و ﻳ ﻲﮔﮋ

،ﺎـﻫ

د ﻳ ناﺮﮕ ﻪﺑ و ﻳ هﮋ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ زا يو ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ اﺪﻴﭘ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ و ﺶﻨﻛاو نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻫد ) ﻲﺳوﺎﻛ يﺪﻴـﺷر و ﻲﻧﺎﻬﻔﺻا ﺮﺼﻧ ،

،

1399 .(

رﺎﺘﻓر ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ رد ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ نﺎﻳﺮﺟ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ يﻮﺳ ﻲﮔﺪﻧزﺎﺳ و

ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ يزﺎﺳ رﻮـﻣا

،ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎـﺳ ﻲـﺸﻘﻧ

ًﻼﻣﺎـﻛ

زﺎﺳرﺎﻛ ﺎﻔﻳا ﺪﻨﻛ ) ﻚﻟﺮﺳ و

،ﻲﺋﺎﻳرﻮﻧ 1399 .(

نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻛ ﻞﻳﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺞﻳوﺮﺗ رﺎﺘﻓر و ﺶﻨﻛاو يﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ رد نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ دﻮـﺧ

و

ﻚﻤﻛ ﻪﺑ نآ ﺎﻫ رد ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺘﺳد ﻪﺑ فاﺪﻫا ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ

،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻪﻧ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺮﺑ يور ﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر و ﺶﻨﻛاو ﻲﻳﺎـﻫ ﻪـﻛ نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ زا

دﻮﺧ زوﺮﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻫد ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺗ ﻪﺘﺷاد

،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﻜﻠﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺮﺑ ترﺎﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻣ ناﺮﻳ ﻪﺑ هﮋﻳو ﻲﻧاﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻴ ﻢ ﺎﺑ نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ رد

طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻧﻴ ﺰ ترﺎﻈﻧ ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ و ﻪﻳﺎﻣﺮﺳ يراﺬﮔ يﺎﻫ مزﻻ ﺰﻴﻧ رد ﻦﻳا درﻮﻣ ترﻮﺻ دﺮﻳﺬﭘ )

،رﻮﭘ

،يﻮـﻀﺗﺮﻣ نﺎـﻳﺰﮕﻟ

و

ﻚﻠﻣ

،هداز 1395 .(

ــــــــــــــــــ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

1. Ersayan et al.

2. Maslach, Schaufeli & Leiter 3. Woranetipo & Chavanovanich

(5)

373 ،ﻲﺘﻟود ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

1401 هرود ، 14 هرﺎﻤﺷ ، 3

ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ رد هزﻮﺣ طﺎﺒﺗرا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر

ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎـﺳ

يﺎـﻫ ﻲـﺘﻟود

،ناﺮﻳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ نﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا هﺪﺷ

،ﺖﺳا ﻪﺑ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺎﺑ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا هﺪﻨﻛاﺮﭘ

و ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ هرﺎﺑرد ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻳا

طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا . ﻲﻀﻌﺑ زا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ

،ﺎﻫ رﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ار ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻋ ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ رد ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

ﻲﻧﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ

ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻧاد ﻪﻛ رد نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻟود ﻲﺘ ﻲﻣ رﺎﻛ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ و ﻲﻀﻌﺑ نآ ار ﻢﻛ ﺖﻴﻤﻫا و ﻲﺘﺣ نوﺪﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﺑﺎﻳزرا ﻲﻣ ﺪـﻨﻨﻛ . ياﺮـﺑ لﺎـﺜﻣ

يﺮﻴﺼﻧ ﻚﻴﻟو ﻲﻨﺑ

، ﻲﻫﺎﻨﭘ ﻒﻴﺳ و يﺪﻧز ،يﺮﺒﻨﻗ )

1393 ( رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ دﻮﺧ

، ﺶﻘﻧ رﺎﺘﻓر ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ار دوﺪﺣ 67 ﺪـﺻرد رد

ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻧاد

؛ رد ﻲﻟﺎﺣ

،ﻪـﻛ يﺪـﻧوﻼﻗ )

1397 (

، ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﻦـﻳا طﺎـﺒﺗرا ار 46 ﺪـﺻرد

ﻲﺑﺎﻳزرا ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ . زا

،ﻲﻓﺮﻃ ﻲﻧﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ نﻮﭼ ﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ و ﻲﺋﺎﻘﺸﻗ هداز ) 1398 (

، ﺶـﻘﻧ رﺎـﺘﻓر قﻼـﺧا راﺪـﻣ ار رد ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود ناﺮﻳا

ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ نوﺪﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻧاد .

،ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ

ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲﻤﻛ

،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻪﺑ

ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻢﺠﺴﻨﻣ ﺮﺗ هﻮﻴﺷ يﺎﻫ يرﺎﺘﻓر ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻪﻛ رد ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﻞـﻴﺧد

،ﺪﻨﺘـﺴﻫ ﻚـﻤﻛ ﻲـﻣ ﺪـﻨﻛ .

،ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ

ﻞﺻﺎﺣ زا ﻦﻳا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﺑ ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود ﻚﻤﻛ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ دﺮﻛ ﺎﺗ ﻪﺑ يﺎﺟ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺗ ﺮﺑ ﻒـﻴﻃ ﻲﻌﻴـﺳو

زا ﻚﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ

،يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺮﺑ ﻚﺒﺳ ﺎﻫ و هﻮﻴﺷ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺗ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻪﻛ ﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺖﻴﻤﻫا دراد يﺮ

. زا

،ﻲﻳﻮﺳ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﻳﺎـﻫ ﻪـﻛ ﻪـﺑ رﻮـﻃ

،صﺎﺧ ﻞﺼﺣﺎﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ مﺎـﺠﻧا ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ رد هزﻮـﺣ طﺎـﺒﺗرا يﺎـﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮـﺒﻫر

ﺮﻳﺪـﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ رد

نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود ناﺮﻳا ار ﻪﺑ هﻮﻴﺷ يا مﺎﻈﻧ ﺪﻨﻣ و ﻲﻤﻠﻋ يوراﺮﻓ نﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ و نﻻﻮﺌﺴﻣ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ

يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود راﺮﻗ ﺪﻫد و نﺎﻜﻣا

ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ زاﺪﻧا ه ﺮﺛا و ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر

ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ار رد ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ رد نﺎﻣزﺎـﺳ يﺎـﻫ ﻲـﺘﻟود

ناﺮﻳا دراد

، مﺎﺠﻧا هﺪﺸﻧ ﺖﺳا . ﺮﺑ ﻦﻳا سﺎﺳا

، ﻪﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﺳر ﻪﻛ ﻲﻓﺎﻜﺷ رد ﻪﻨﻴﻣز ﻊﻤﺟ يﺪﻨﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦـﻳا ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ ﺎـﻫ دﻮـﺟو

دراد و يﺎﺟ ﻲﻟﺎﺧ ﻲﻣ سﺎﺴﺣا ﻲﺗﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ دﻮﺷ

ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧاﻮﺘﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻳا ﻦ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺎﻫ ار ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ ﺪـﻳﺎﻤﻧ .

،ور ﻦـﻳا زا رد

ﻦـﻳا ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ

شﻼﺗ ﺪﺷ ﺎﺗ اﺪﺘﺑا طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻦﻴﺑ عاﻮﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر

ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ

،دﻮـﺷ

ﺲﭙﺳ ﺎﺑ هﺮﻬﺑ ﺮﻴﮔ ي زا لﻮﺻا و ﺪﻋاﻮﻗ شور

،ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ هزاﺪﻧا

ﺮﺛا ﻲﻠﻛ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ و ﺲﭘ زا نآ ﻲﻳﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﻪﻛ

ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻦﻳ ﺮﻴﺛﺄـﺗ ار

رد ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﺪﻧراد

، ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺪﻧدﺮﮔ . ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﻛذ

،هﺪﺷ لاﺆﺳ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻞـﻳذ

حﺮﻄﻣ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ : 1 . هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﺛا ﻲﻠﻛ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻦﻴﺑ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر

ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود

،ناﺮﻳا

ﻪﭼ راﺪﻘﻣ

؟ﺖﺳا 2 . ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻣ طﻮﺑﺮ ﻪﺑ ماﺪﻛ رﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﺳا و هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﺛا نآ ﻪﭼ راﺪﻘﻣ

؟ﺖﺳا

ﺔﻨﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ

رﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ

رد يﺎﻴﻧد زوﺮﻣا ﻲﻤﻧ ناﻮﺗ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﺎﻫ ار ياﺪﺟ زا رﺎﺘﻓر نﺎﺸﻧاﺮﻳﺪﻣ درﻮـﻣ

ﻪـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ راﺮـﻗ داد ) ﻚﻟﺮـﺳ و

،ﻲﺋﺎـﻳرﻮﻧ 1399

.(

ﺮـﻫ

ﺪﻣ ﻳ يﺮ رد ﺪﻧور ﺪﻣ ﻳ ﺮ ﻳ ﻲﺘ ﻮﺧ ﻳ ﺶ زا ﻚﺒﺳ ﻳﺎ ﻚﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺻﺎﺧ ﺑ هﺮﻬ ﻲﻣ دﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﻛ اﻳ ﻦ ﻚﺒـﺳ رد ﻊـﻗاو ﻪـﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ يﺎـﻫﻮﮕﻟا

يرﺎﺘﻓر يو ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ رد ﺮﺟ ﻳ نﺎ رﺎﻛ و ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ دﻮﻤﻧ اﺪﻴﭘ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ و ﺮﺑ يﺎﻨﺒﻣ اﻳ ﻦ و ﻳ ﻲﮔﮋ

،ﺎـﻫ د ﻳ ناﺮـﮕ ﻪـﺑ و ـﻳ هﮋ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ زا يو ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ اﺪﻴﭘ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ و ﺶﻨﻛاو نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻫد ) ﻲﺳوﺎﻛ و

،نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ 1399

.(

(6)

ﻛ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎ /...

،ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ اﺪﻫ ﺖﻳ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ و ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ فاﺪﻫا دﻮﺧ زا ﻚﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺗوﺎـﻔﺘﻣ نﻮـﭼ

يﺮـﺒﻫر لﻮـﺤﺗ

،اﺮـﮔ يﺮـﺒﻫر

،ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻌﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر

،ﻲﻗﻼﺧا يﺮﺒﻫر راﺰﮕﺘﻣﺪﺧ و

...

هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ . ناﺮﺒﻫر لﻮﺤﺗ اﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ناﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﻜﻴﺗﺎﻣﺰﻳرﺎﻛ ﺪﻨﺘـﺴﻫ

ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳا ﻲﻳﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ار ﺪﻧراد ﺎﺗ دﺎﻤﺘﻋا نﺎﺘﺳدﺮﻳز دﻮﺧ

ار ﺐﻠﺟ ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ) ﮕﻧﺎﻴﺳ

،ﻮﻴﻛﻮﭽ ﺮﮕﻨﻴﻠﻛ و نﻮﻴﭙﻤﻛ

،1

2020 ( و ﺎﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪـﻴﺣور

و ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ شزرا

،ﺎﻫ نآ ﺎﻫ ار ﻪﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻖﻳﻮﺸﺗ ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ )

،ﻮﻛورﻮﺳ ﻲﻜﻠﺴﻣ و

2ﻦﺴﺳ

، 2021 .(

رد يﺮﺒﻫر

،ﻲﻠﻣﺎﻌﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺗ

ﺮﺑ ﺢﻳﺮﺸﺗ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺎﻫ و ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ نﺎﺘﺳدﺮﻳز ﺖﻬﺟ

ﻰﺑﺎﻴﺘﺳد ﻪﺑ فاﺪﻫا زا ﺶﻴﭘ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ هﺪﺷ ﺮـﺑ ﺎـﻨﺒﻣ ي شادﺎـﭘ ﺖـﺳا ) ﺖـﻤﻫ هﺎـﻨﭘ

،

ﻲﺳرﺎﻓ و

،ﻲﻳﺎﺟر 1400 .(

يﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﺘﻛرﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار

رﻮﺤﻣ هدﻮﺑ و ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻖﻴﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ ناوﺮﻴﭘ رد رﻮﺘـﺳد رﺎـﻛ نآ راﺮـﻗ دراد ) ﺖـﻧو ،

ﻮﻳ ﺎﻤﻳو نو و ﺮﻣا

3ﻚﻳ

، 2009 .(

ﺮﺒﻫر ي قﻼﺧا

،راﺪﻣ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ ﺮﺑ هﻮﻴﺷ ﺎﻫ ي ﻲﺘﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ رد نآ ﺎﻫ نﺄﺷ ناﺮﮕﻳد ﻪﺑ ناﻮـﻨﻋ

نﺎﺴﻧا درﻮﻣ ماﺮﺘﺣا ﺖﺳا و يﺎﻀﻘﺘﻣ ﻦﻳا عﻮﻧ

،يﺮـﺒﻫر ﻪﻌـﺳﻮﺗ يﺎﻫدراﺪﻧﺎﺘـﺳا ﻲـﻗﻼﺧا

ﺖـﺳا )

،يﺪـﻧوﻼﻗ 1397

.(

يﺮـﺒﻫر

راﺰﮕﺘﻣﺪﺧ ﺰﻴﻧ

ﻚﻳ دﺮﻜﻳور يﺮﺒﻫر ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺖﺴﻫ ﻪﻛ ناوﺮﻴﭘ ار رد دﺎﻌﺑا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ

،ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ﻲﻔﻃﺎﻋ و يﻮﻨﻌﻣ درﻮﻣ ﺖـﻳﺎﻤﺣ راﺮـﻗ

ﻲﻣ ﺪﻫد ) يﺮﺘﻧﺎﺗ و نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ

،4

2022 .(

ﻦﻳا ناﺮﺒﻫر ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ناوﺮﻴﭘ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺗ ﻲﻣ

،ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ي ﻪﻛ نآ ﺎﻫ ﻖﻳﻮﺸﺗ ﻪـﺑ

ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ يﺎﻫروﺎﺑ دﻮﺧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ) اوا و نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ

،5

2019 .(

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

مﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

ياﺮﺑ ﻦﻴﻟوا رﺎﺑ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﮔﺮﺒﻧدوﺮﻓ )

1974 ( ﻪﺋارا ﺪﺷ . مﺎﮕﻨﻫ زوﺮﺑ ﻦﻳا هﺪﻳﺪﭘ رد

،داﺮﻓا ﻪﺑ ﻞﻴﻟد زا ﺖﺳد

نداد

،يژﺮﻧا قﺎﻴﺘﺷا ﻪﺑ رﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺞﻳرﺪﺗ زا ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﻣ دور و ﺲﭙﺳ هﺪﻳﺪﭘ ﻲﺑ ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺗ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ داﺮﻓا و شﺮﮕﻧ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ رﺎـﻛ

ﺪﻳﺪﭘ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻳآ ) ياد

، ﻦﭼ و ﮓﻧاﻮﺟ ،ﻲﻨﻴﺘﻟآ

،6

2021 .(

تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد درﻮﻣ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

ًﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ ﺮـﺑ ﺖـﻠﻋ و ﻞـﻣاﻮﻋ ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ ﺮـﺑ

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ

،ﻲﻠﻐﺷ هار ﻞﺣ

،ﺎﻫ ماﺪﻗا ﺎﻫ ﺎﻳ يﺎﻫدﺮﻜﻳور يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ

زا نآ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺘﻣ ﺖﺳا )

،ﮓﻧﻮﮔ ﻲﻟ و

7ﻮﻴﻧ

، 2021 .(

ترﺎﺒﻋ ﺖﺳا از ﻚﻳ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ناور ﻲﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻪـﻛ ﺖـﺤﺗ ﻂﻳاﺮـﺷ سﺮﺘـﺳا ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ ﺪﻳﺪـﺷ ﺪـﻳﺪﭘ ﻲـﻣ ﺪـﻳآ

) هرﻮﺳﺎﺒﻴﻜﺷ و

،ﻲﻨﺴﺣ 1400 ( و رد ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺳاﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻔﻃﺎﻋ و ﻪﻓﺮﺣ يا داﺮﻓا دﺎﺠﻳا ﻲﻣ دﻮﺷ و ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﺳ ﻪـﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻲﻠـﺻا

ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﻳﺪﻜﻳ ﺖﺳا ) نﺎﻳزرا و

،نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ 2022

.(

ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ رﺎﻛ چﻻزﺎﻣ و ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ )

2001 (

، ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

ﻞﻣﺎـﺷ

ﻪﺳ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ ترﺎﺒﻋ ا ﺪﻧ زا : ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺧ ﻲﻔﻃﺎﻋ

،8

ﺦﺴﻣ ﺖﻴﺼﺨﺷ و9

يﺪﻣآرﺎﻛﺎﻧ . 10

ﺪﻌﺑ

،لوا ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

ﻞﻣﺎﺷ سﺎﺴﺣا

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻤﺴﺟ

ﺎﻳ

،ﻲﻨﻫذ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺧ و زا ﺖﺳد نداد يژﺮﻧا ﺖﺳا و ﻲﻧﺎﻣز زوﺮﺑ ﻲـﻣ ﺪـﻨﻛ ﻪـﻛ داﺮـﻓا سﺎـﺴﺣا يﺪـﻴﻣاﺎﻧ

ﺎـﻳ

ﻲﮔدﺮﺴﻓا ﻪﺘﺷاد

ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ رد ﺮﻫ د و ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﻲﺣور و ﻲﻤﺴﺟ خر ﺪﻫد . ﺪﻌﺑ مود ﺎﻳ نﺎﻤﻫ ﺦﺴﻣ ﺖﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﻚﻳ

سﺎﺴﺣا

ﺎﻳ شﺮﮕﻧ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ ﺎﻳ هرﺎﻨﻛ يﺮﻴﮔ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ناﺮﮕﻳد و ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ يﺮﻳﺬﭘ دﻮﺧ ار ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ و رد

،ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ يﺪﻣآرﺎﻛﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ

ﺦﺳﺎﭘ

1. Siangchokyoo, Klinger & Campion 2. Surucu, Maşlakcı & Şeşen 3. Wendt, Euwema & van Emmerik 4. Tantri et al.

5. Eva et al.

6. Dai, Altinay, Zhuang & Chen 7. Gong, Li & Niu

8. Emotional exhaustion 9. cynicism

10. inefficacy

(7)

375 ،ﻲﺘﻟود ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ

1401 هرود ، 14 هرﺎﻤﺷ ، 3

ﻲﻔﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ دﻮﺧ ﺎﻳ ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ هرﺎﺷا دراد ﻪﻛ رد ﺐﻟﺎﻗ

،ﻲﮔدﺮﺴﻓا دﺎﻤﺘﻋا

ﻪﺑ ﺲﻔﻧ

،ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ هﺮﻬﺑ رو ي ﻒﻴﻌـﺿ و ﻲﻧاﻮﺗﺎـﻧ رد

ﻞﺣ ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ دﻮﺧ ار نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻫد ) ﻮﭙﻴﺘﻧارو و

،ﭻﻴﻧاﻮﻧاوﺎﭼ 2021

.(

ﺔﻨﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ

ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ رد صﻮﺼﺧ طﺎﺒﺗرا رﺎﺘﻓر و ﻚﺒﺳ يﺎﻫ يﺮﺒﻫر و ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

مﺎـﺠﻧا هﺪـﺷ ﺖـﺳا . ﺪـﻧﺮﺒﻧﺪﻠﻴﻫ و

ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ )1

2018 (

، رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ دﻮﺧ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻧداد ﻪﻛ يﺮﺒﻫر لﻮﺤﺗ اﺮﮔ ﺮﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﺮﺛﺆـﻣ

ﺖـﺳا .

ﭽﺳﻻ ﻴ ﺮﮕﻨ و ﻓﻴ

2اﺪ ) 2014 (

، ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ و رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻞﻴﺻا ﺮﺑ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ار

درﻮـﻣ ﺪـﻴﻳﺄﺗ راﺮـﻗ ﺪـﻧداد و

ﭘوز ﻴ ﺗﺎ ﻴ ﺲ و ﺘﻧﺎﺘﺴﻨﻛ

3ﻲ ) 2010 (

، رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ دﻮﺧ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻧداد ﻪﻛ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺗ اﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻲﻔﻨﻣ

دراد . رد ﭘ ﺶﻫوﮋ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻛ رد ناﺮﻳا و ﻪﺑ صﻮﺼﺧ رد نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود مﺎﺠﻧا هﺪﺷ

،ﺖﺳا ﺖﻤﻫ هﺎﻨﭘ و ﺶﻧارﺎـﻜﻤﻫ )

1400 (

،

ﻪﺑ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺖﺳد ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻪﻛ يﺮﺒﻫر لﻮﺤﺗ اﺮـﮔ و ﻲﻟدﺎـﺒﺗ ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ار

ﺶﻫﺎـﻛ ﻲـﻣ ﺪـﻨﻫد . ﻲـﻤﻳﺮﻛ و

ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ )

1398 (

، نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻧداد ﻪﭼﺮﮔا يﺮﺒﻫر ﻞﻴﺻا ﺮﺑ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

رﺎﻛ نﺎﻨﻛ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ دراد ﺎﻣا ناﺰـﻴﻣ ﻦـﻳا ﺮﻴﺛﺄـﺗ كﺪـﻧا

ﺖﺳا . ﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ و ﻲﺋﺎﻘﺸﻗ هداز ) 1398 (

، نﺎﻴﺑ ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ ﻪﻛ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ﭻﻴـﻫ يﺮﻴﺛﺄـﺗ ﺮـﺑ ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ

نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ دراﺪـﻧ

.

يﺮﻴﺼﻧ ﻚﻴﻟو ﻲﻨﺑ و ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ )

1393 ( ﺰﻴﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻧداد يﺮﺒﻫر ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ﻪﺑ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻲﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ن ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺪﺷ . ﺎﺑ روﺮﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ يﺎﻫ ترﻮﺻ

،ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﺷ ﻪﻛ رد ﻪﻨﻴﻣز طﺎﺒﺗرا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر

ناﺮﻳﺪـﻣ

و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود

،ناﺮﻳا ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ و رد ﻲﻀﻌﺑ دراﻮﻣ ﻲﻀﻗﺎﻨﺘﻣ دﻮﺟو

دراد . ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ موﺰـﻟ

مﺎﺠﻧا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗاﺮﻓ سﺎﺴﺣا

ﺪﺷ . رد لوﺪﺟ 1

، ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻛ رد ﻦﻳا ﺶﻫوﮋـﭘ زا

نآ ﺎـﻫ هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا

،هﺪـﺷ ﻪـﺑ هاﺮـﻤﻫ

تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يﺮﺼﺘﺨﻣ

زا نآ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺋارا هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا .

لوﺪﺟ 1 . روﺮﻣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ ةرﺎﺑرد طﺎﺒﺗرا يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر يﺮﺒﻫر

ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻲﺘﻟود

ﻖﻘﺤﻣ / لﺎﺳ فﺪﻫ

ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ شور

ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

،يﺮﻴﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ

ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ

ا نﺎﻴــﺳﺎﻤﻟ و ﻲــﻤﻴﺣر

،ﺎــﻴﻛ

1391 ﻲــﺳرﺮﺑ

ﻪــﻄﺑار ﻚﺒــﺳ ﺮــﺒﻫر ي

ناﺮﻳﺪــﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮــﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐــﺷ

نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ دﺎﺘﺳ ي هﺎﮕـﺸﻧاد مﻮـﻠﻋ

ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻟ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

يﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻓدﺎـﺼﺗ ﻪـﻘﺒﻃ

،يا 183

ﺮﻔﻧ زا نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ و 45 ﺮـﻔﻧ زا ناﺮﻳﺪـﻣ

هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻟ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ نﻮﺳﺮﻴﭘ R ) (

ﻚﺒـــﺳ يﺮـــﺒﻫر ﻪـــﻄﺑار رﻮـــﺤﻣ و

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ : 563 / 0 -

ﺮﻗﺎﺑ

،ﻲﻤﻴﻠﺳ ﻲﺋﺎﺿر هﺎﮔﺰﻳد و

ﺪﺑﺎﻋ

، 1391 ﺛﺄﺗ

ﻴ ﺮ ﻚﺒﺳ ﺮﺒﻫر ي ﺮﺑ ﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲ

ﻠﻐﺷ ﻲ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ) ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮـﻣ ي

هرادا ﻞــﻛ رﻮــﻣا ﻟﺎﻣ ــﻴ ﺗﺎ ﻲ نﺎﺘــﺳا

ﮔ ﻴ نﻼ ( ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

،يا 137

ﺮﻔﻧ زا نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ تارادا رﻮـﻣا ﻟﺎﻣ ـﻴ ﺗﺎ ﻲ

نﺎﺘﺳا ﮔ ﻴ نﻼ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ

نﻮﻴﺳﺮﮔر

ﻚﺒﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر لﻮﺤﺗ اﺮﮔ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ : 40 / 0 -

ﻚﺒﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺗ اﺮﮔ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ : 20 / 0 -

1. Hildenbrand et al.

2. Laschinger & Fida 3. Zopiatis & Constanti

(8)

ﻛ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎ /...

ﺔﻣادا لوﺪﺟ 1

ﻖﻘﺤﻣ / لﺎﺳ فﺪﻫ

ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ شور

ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

،يﺮﻴﮔ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ

ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ

يﺮﻴﺼﻧ ﻚﻴﻟو ﻲـﻨﺑ و

،نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ 1393 ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﻂﺑاور يﺮـﺒﻫر

،ﻲـﻗﻼﺧا

ﺖــﻳﻮﻨﻌﻣ رد رﺎــﻛ و ﻲﮔدﻮــﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

يﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ

،هدﺎـﺳ 148 ﺮـﻔﻧ

زا رﺎﺘــﺳﺮﭘ نا نﺎﺘــﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ يﺎــﻫ ﻲــﺘﻟود

ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو ﻪﺑ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد مﻮﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺮﻬﺷ

جﺪﻨﻨﺳ نﻮﻣزآ

ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ ) تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ (

ناﺰــﻴﻣ ﻢــﻫ ﻲﮕﺘــﺴﺑ يﺮــﺒﻫر ﻲــﻗﻼﺧا و

،ﻲﻓﺎـــﺻ يﺪـــﻤﺤﻣ

،هدازﻮـــﻤﻋ نﺎـــﻤﻳا

و

ﻲﺷﺮﻋ

، 1394 ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ

ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦﻴﺑ ﻚﺒﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر

ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻳﺎﺿر و ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐـــﺷ نﺎـــﻨﻛرﺎﻛ رد

ﺰـــﻛﺮﻣ

ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ لﺎﻤﺷ اﺮﻬﺗ ن ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

،هدﺎﺳ 16 ﺮـﻔﻧ زا

ناﺮﻳﺪﻣ و 191 ﺮﻔﻧ زا نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﺰـﻛاﺮﻣ

ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﺖﺤﺗ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺰـﻛﺮﻣ

ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ لﺎﻤﺷ ناﺮﻬﺗ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ

ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ نﻮﺳﺮﻴﭘ R ) (

ﻚﺒﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر ﻪـﻄﺑار رﻮـﺤﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ : 273 / 0 -

لﺪـــﻛﺎﺧ رادﻮـــﻠﺟ و

،نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ 1395 ﺎﻳآ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐـﺷ ﺎـﺑ لﺎـﻤﻋا

ﺮﺒﻫر ي ﻮﻨﻌﻣ ي رد نﺎﺘﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺎـﻫ

ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻲﻣ

؟ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

يﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ يا و ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ

،هدﺎﺳ

294 ﺮﻔﻧ زا نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﺑﻴ نﺎﺘـﺳرﺎﻤ ﺎـﻫ ي

ﺮﻬﺷ ﺑدرا ﻴ ﻞ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ

ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﻦﻣﺮﻴﭙﺳا

ﻚﺒﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر يﻮﻨﻌﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ :

2 / 0 -

يﺮﮕــﺴﻋ ﻪــﻛرﺎﺒﻣ

و

،ﻲﻤﻳﺮﻛ 1395 ﻪﻄﺑار يﺮﺒﻫر يﻮﻨﻌﻣ و ﺖـﻳﺎﻤﺣ

ﻲﻧﺎﻣزﺎــــﺳ كاردا

هﺪــــﺷ ﺎــــﺑ

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺮﭘ نارﺎﺘﺳ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ يا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻣ

ﺎﺑ

،ﻢﺠﺣ 351 ﺮﻔﻧ زا نارﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ ﻞﻏﺎـﺷ

رد نﺎﺘــﺳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ يﺎــﻫ هﺎﮕــﺸﻧاد مﻮــﻠﻋ

ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ ﺮﻬﺷ نﺎﻬﻔﺻا ﺐﻳﺮﺿ

ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ نﻮﺳﺮﻴﭘ R ) (

ﻚﺒﺳ يﺮﺒﻫر يﻮﻨﻌﻣ و ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ :

191 / 0 -

،رﺎﺑدﺮﺑ يﺮﻔـﺻ

،دﺎـﺷ

ﻲـــﻤﻴﺣر و ﻲـــﺳﺎﺒﻋ

ﻲﻤﺘﺳر

، 1397 ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ يﺮﺒﻫر لﻮـﺤﺗ اﺮـﮔ

ﺮــﺑ يﺮﺒﻫردﻮــﺧ و

ﻲﮔدﻮــﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ شور

ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يﺮﻴﮔ ﺮـﻛذ هﺪـﺸﻧ

،ﺖـﺳا

87 ﺮــﻔﻧ زا نﺎــﻨﻛرﺎﻛ هرادا ﻞــﻛ رﻮــﻣا

يدﺎﺼﺘﻗا و ﻲﻳاراد نﺎﺘﺳا هﺎﺸﻧﺎﻣﺮﻛ نﻮﻣزآ ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ ) تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ (

ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘـﺴﺑ يﺮـﺒﻫر لﻮـﺤﺗ اﺮـﮔ و

،عراز يدازآ و

ﺳ

،يﺮﻬﭙ 1397 ىﺮﺒﻫر ﺻا ﻴ ﻞ و ﺎﻤﺗ ﻳ ﻞ ﻪﺑ كﺮـﺗ

ﻞﻐﺷ : ﺒﺗ ﻴـﻴ ﻦ ﺶـﻘﻧ ﻪﻄـﺳاو ىا

ىرﺪــﻠﻗ ﻰﻧﺎﻣزﺎــﺳ و ﻰﮔدﻮــﺳﺮﻓ

ﻰﻠﻐﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

يﺮـﻴﮔ رد

،سﺮﺘـﺳد 88 ﺮـﻔﻧ زا

نﺎــﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ىدﺎﺘــﺳ ﻳ ﻰــﻜ زا ىﺎــﻫدﺎﻬﻧ

ﻰﻣﺎﻈﺘﻧا نﺎﺘﺳا سرﺎﻓ نﻮﻣزآ

ناﺰــﻴﻣ ﻢــﻫ ﻲﮕﺘــﺴﺑ يﺮــﺒﻫر ﻞﻴــﺻا و

،يﺪﻧوﻼﻗ 1397 ﻪﻄﺑار ﻦﻴـﺑ ﺮـﺒﻫر ي ﻲـﻗﻼﺧا و

ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺎـﺑ ر ﺖﻳﺎـﺿ زا

ﻲﮔﺪﻧز ﻪــﻧﻮﻤﻧ

يﺮــﻴﮔ

،ﻲﻓدﺎــﺼﺗ 159 ﺮــﻔﻧ زا

ناﺮﻴﺑد نز نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻴﺑد ﺎﻫ ي ﻪﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻚـﻳ

نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﻪﻴﻣورا نﻮﻣزآ

ﻲــﻤﻳﺮﻛ و

،نارﺎــﻜﻤﻫ 1398 ﺮﺛا

يﺮﺒﻫر ﻞﻴﺻا ﺮﺑ ﻲﮔدﻮـﺳﺮﻓ

ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺎﺑ يﺮﮕﻴﺠﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ

يﺎﻫ

ﻲﮔﺪــﻧز يرﺎــﻛ و يﺪــﻣآرﺎﻛدﻮﺧ

ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

،يا 325

ﺮﻔﻧ زا نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﻚـﻳ ﺖﻛﺮـﺷ ﻲـﺘﻟود

ﻪﻌﺑﺎﺗ ترازو وﺮﻴﻧ رد نﺎﺘﺳا نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ نﻮﻣزآ ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ ) تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ (

ناﺰــﻴﻣ ﻢــﻫ ﻲﮕﺘــﺴﺑ يﺮــﺒﻫر ﻞﻴــﺻا و

ﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ و ﻲﺋﺎﻘـﺸﻗ

،هداز

1398 ﺶـــﻘﻧ

ﻪﻄـــﺳاو يا ﻪﻳﺎﻣﺮـــﺳ

ناور ﻲﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ رد ﻪﻄﺑار ﺎﺑ يﺮﺒﻫر

ﻲــﻗﻼﺧا و ﻲﮔدﻮــﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐــﺷ

نﺎﻤﻠﻌﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

،هدﺎـﺳ 150 ﺮـﻔﻧ

زا نﺎﻤﻠﻌﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ نوﺪﻳز يﺮﺒﻫر

ﻲﻗﻼﺧا ﺮﺑ ﻲﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐﺷ ﺮﻴﺛﺄـﺗ

دراﺪﻧ .

نﻮﻣزآ ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ ) تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ (

ﺖﻤﻫ هﺎﻨﭘ و

،نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ

1400 ﻪــﻄﺑار

ﻚﺒــﺳ ىﺎــﻫ ىﺮــﺒﻫر ﺎــﺑ

ﺶﻨﺗ

،ﻰﻠﻐﺷ ىﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﻰـﻓاﺮﺤﻧا

ﻰﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺳ و ﻰﮔدﻮﺳﺮﻓ ﻰﻠﻐـﺷ رد

ﺰﻛﺮﻣ

،ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ داﺪـﻣا و نﺎـﻣرد

ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﺪﻤﺣا ﻰﺗﺮﺠﻫ

،يرﺎﻤﺷﺮﺳ 165

ﺮـﻔﻧ نﺎـﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﻚـﻳ

ﺰﻛﺮﻣ

،ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ داﺪﻣا و نﺎﻣرد ﻲﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﻢﻫ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ نﻮﺳﺮﻴﭘ

يﺮــﺒﻫر ﻲﻟﻮــﺤﺗ و ﻲﮔدﻮــﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﻠﻐــﺷ

:

423 / 0 -

يﺮــﺒﻫر ﻲﻟدﺎــﺒﺗ و ــﺳﺮﻓ ﻲﮔدﻮ ﻲﻠﻐــﺷ :

361 / 0 -