NMR(核磁気共鳴)の基本原理

1

2018 A

NMR -

UV IR NMR MS Hesse

ISBN: 9784759811933

(1)

NMR

ISBN; 9784759807875 (2)

―MS,IR,NMR

Silverstein ISBN: 9784807906338

(3) NMR

ISBN: 9784759810646

2

NMR( )

Zeeman

( )

→

m: [+I, ···, –I ]

I: ( or )]

γ : ( )

h : B₀ :

NMR

Boltzmann

3

0 NMR

( ) ¹²C 6 6

NMR

NMR

3H, ⁴He, ⁹Be, ¹⁰B, ¹⁶O, ³¹P, ³²S

NMR p14-15

4

ν

Zeeman (= )

100 MHz

19F

400 MHz

29Si

→

http://www.jst.go.jp/pr/announce/20110907-2/

ΔE = hν

Zeeman ΔE( )

ΔE

5

6

B

_eff

= B

₀

– σB

₀

B

_eff

: B

₀

: σB

₀

:

→

δ Hz~ Hz

MHz

→

(ppm: perts per million=100 )

δ( )

1960 τ( )

τ= 10 – δ

(CW)NMR NMR

7

→

(CW)NMR

( )

A, B, C, D

( → )

A B C D

NMR

NMR →

8

( ) ( )

A B C D

D, C, B, A

( → )

→ ΔE_radio

→

ΔE_radio ( )

ΔE₄ ΔE₃

ΔE₂ ΔE₁

ΔE_radio

ΔE'₄ ΔE'₃

ΔE'₂ ΔE'₁

ΔE_radio

ΔE''₄ ΔE''₃

ΔE''₂ ΔE''₁

ΔE_radio

Larmor

9

( Larmor )

Z

Y Z

xy [ ω(rad/s)]

NMR 90

10

NMR

( )

90 x

( )

Y Y

(= )

NMR

11

90 x

Y Y

Z

(FID)

12

Y

y

→

sin

13

→

point

Bruker TopSpin TD ( )

TD

(DR) =

S/N(signal to noise)

14

FID exponential

broadening factor (BF) S/N Bruker TopSpin LB (line broadening)

broadening factor

(DR)

BF DR

NMR BF S/N

BF → BF →

broadening factor

(DR)

Bruker TopSpin JEOL Alice

S/N

15 FT-NMR

(S/N )

S/N

4

16

S/N

16

1

H NMR

→

→

http://www.j-resonance.com/application/?appid=NM-110002

1H NMR no-D NMR

Org. Lett., 2004,6,953–956.

cinnamic acid cis-3-hexenyl ester

17

Z1,Z2

http://www.analyticalspectroscopy.net/ap7-3.htm

→

→

coarse fine

(Field Gradient Shimming)

→