Ecorea 프랑스 탐방

Dr. Su Jung CHOI Associate Research Fellow. ©KRIVET 2013. 1.

I. Backgrounds II.Concept of Meister High School and Progress III. Current Status of Meister High School IV. Achievement & Difficulties. 2.

1. Backgrounds. ©KRIVET 2013. 3.

Source : Park(2011). Korean policies on Secondary Vocational Education, BiBB ©KRIVET 2013. 4.

• General high schools - Students study liberal arts. - 90% of students aim to go to university. - Tight education schedule which runs from 8 am to 9 pm is provided.. • Specialized (vocational) high schools -. Most representative vocational training school in secondary education Specialized high school provides industry-specific education(machine, electronics, agriculture, housework, etc.) Compared to meister high school, the share of industry-academia cooperation and afterschool education is small. 30~40% of students get a job after graduation and others go to college or university.. • Special purpose high schools -. Schools that provide specialized education focusing on science, foreign language, art or sports. - Meister high school is included in special purpose high school category. *Meister high schools : 100% of students aim to get a job after graduation and very intensive vocational training is provided. ★High school selection method : students apply for high school of their preference→ students are selected according to screening procedure including grade. ©KRIVET 2013. 5.

76.8% (77). General high school (77). 70.4% (54) 25.9% (7). University (61). 28.0% (17) 60.5% (37). Middle school student (100 students). 22.0% (22). Specialized high school(22). 16.2% (12) 46.7% (11). Junior College (23). 14.0% (3) 80.6% (18). Not getting a job (20). Others (21). Getting a job (59). 19.0% (4). ©KRIVET 2013. 6.

▸ Drastic decrease in birth rate ※ OECD member countries (2008) : US(2.09), France(2.00), Germany(1.37), Japan(1.37). Classification. 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025. Birth Rate. 4.53 3.47 2.83 1.67 1.60 1.65 1.47 1.08 1.16 1.18 1.22 1.26. (number of babies) The Number of Babies Born(1,000 babies). 961 817 789 641 716 656 512 446 420 388 375 367. Source : Korea Statistical Information Service(KOSIS). Estimate of Future Population. ▸ The fastest population aging in the world ※ 2018(aged society), 2026(super aged society) 95 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0. (1960). (2010). ©KRIVET 2013. (2040). 7.

• Millions of baby boom generation retire for 9 years starting from 2010. • Reduction in the number of economically active population(the current status cannot support silver generation as people get a job late and retire early). • Shortage in the number of engineer and technician(it is expected that the skilled worker in base technology field including molding and welding will be in great short supply).. Total population about 48.87million(as of 2010). Baby boom generation. The number of baby boomers who were born between 1955 and 1963(47-55 years of age) is about 7.125 million as of 2010 accounting for 14.6% of the total population.. 7.125million. 8.

• Secondary vocational training emerged as No. 1 policy focus of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. • Massive investment(15.6 billion(‘10), 57.9billion(‘11), 60~70 billion(‘12), 60~70 billion(‘13) • Plan to reshuffle high school education system Current. Revised. (2010, 692 schools). (2015, 400 schools). Meister High School. Meister High School. (21). (50). (General) Specialized High School. Specialized High School. (483). (350). Comprehensive High School. General High School. (188). (292). Employment rate(%) of specialized high school. ©KRIVET 2013. 9.

2. Concept of Meister High School and Progress. ©KRIVET 2013. 10.

What is Meister High School?(high school that meets industrial demand) High school that nurtures young meister where student can develop career as the school is linked with specialized industrial needs of promising field.. Korean-type Meister Meister high school. Getting a job. Military service. Returning to work.  Chief Technical Officer(CTO)  Technology transferee  Business owner, manager(CEO). • After getting a job, joining military service is delayed for 4 years • Serve as specialist soldier Technology, foreign language education, internship, overseas. Getting a diploma after getting a job. training, exemption. from tuition fee,. Contract dept.. Corporate University. Cyber university. dormitory. ©KRIVET 2013. 11.

Policy Overview Core vocational education policy pursued by the current government Strengthening national-level support to establish meister high school as model to increase the ㅇㄹㅇㅇ employment of graduates from secondary vocational education schools.. Strategy ① Establish Career Path of Meister High School Improved the way to perform military service (4-year delay in joining the military service after employment) Expanded opportunities for them to obtain diploma through continuous education (special admission, contract dept. corporate university) Promoted going overseas. ② Education Regulatory Reform Liberalized educational curriculum and textbook Recruited principal among CEOs (Open recruitment) Secured meister faculty(expansion of adjunct faculty members for both industry and academia). ③ National Support and Cultivation Supported tuition fee exemption for student and provided scholarship. Supported overseas vocational training(studying abroad) Expanded facility including dormitory and laboratory. ©KRIVET 2013. 12.

Feb. 2008 Mar. 31, 2008 July 18, 2008. Selected as core national agenda of the new government Organized team to adopt meister high school Established master plan to develop Korean-type meister high school. Oct. 2, 2008. Selected 9 high schools as the 1st meister high schools. Feb. 12, 2009. Selected 12 high schools as the 2nd meister high schools. Apr. 13, 2009. Opened meister high schools support center(KRIVET). Apr. 13, 2009 July 3, 2009. First review meeting on meister high school progress(on a monthly basis) President visited Wonju Medical Technology High School. ©KRIVET 2013. 13.

Mar. 2, 2010. Held entrance ceremony for 21 meister high schools [participated by president]. Nov. 29, 2010. Selected 3 high schools as 3rd meister high schools. Mar. 18, 2011. Selected 4 high schools as 4th meister high schools. Nov. 23, 2011. Selected 5 high schools as 5th meister high schools. Mar. 2, 2012. Held entrance ceremony for the 3rd and 4th meister high schools. Mar. 14, 2012. Selected 2 high schools as 6th meister high schools. Sept. 2012. MEST announced plan to implement “Meister high school participated by Government agencies”. Oct. 2012. Selected 3 high schools as 7th meister high school. Feb. 2013. 1st graduating class(3,375 students) ©KRIVET 2013. 14.

3. Current Status of Meister High School. ©KRIVET 2013. 15.

• Select schools that meet standard requirements among specialized high schools which want to be a meister high school. Classification. Standards. ▪ Well-defined growth path of meister high school. Career. ▪ Guarantee of job opportunity via agreement with industry-specific council and companies.. ▪ Provision of opportunity for higher education in the same field while one is employed in cooperation with industry.. Support for Student/ Student Selection. Sector Curriculum /Text book. ▪ 100% exemption of tuition fee(scholarship, support for dormitory expense for students from low income bracket) ▪ Nationwide selection of students focusing on their interest and talent ▪ About 20 students per class ▪ Focusing on promising field related to the region’s strategic industry (less than 4 departments related to local industry) ▪ Liberalization of curriculum to meet the needs of industry. ▪ Recruitment of principal, guarantee of power and responsibility of principal Principal/ faculty. ▪ Secure number of faculty at the same or higher level of science high schools ▪ Secure excellent meister high school faculty(adjunct faculty members for both industry and academia) ▪ Support for attracting excellent teachers, improving expertise. Facility. ▪ Secure laboratory building and facilities, dormitory. Cooperative System ▪ Agreement with industry(group), Sector Council(SC) and companies. ©KRIVET 2013. 16.

*7th meister high schools(2) were excluded 17.

Establishment Type. Type. Opening Year. No. of School. National. Public. Private. No. of Student. 1․2nd Meister High School. Mar. 2010. 21. 3. 15. 3. 3,600. 3․4th Meister High School. Mar. 2012. 7. 3. 4. -. 830. 5th , 6th Meister High School. Mar. 2013. 7. -. 6. 1. 760. 7th Meister High School. Mar. 2014. 2. -. 2. -. 37. 6. 27. 4. total. ©KRIVET 2013. 5,190. 18.

CURRICULUM MEETING THE NEEDS OF THE INDUSTRY Develop curriculum, text book and graduate ` certificate system jointly with industry •. Selected meister high school should prepare for opening for a year.. •. During this preparation period curriculum customized for industrial needs based on NCS or task analysis is developed.. •. Present clear signal to the industry regarding the quality of graduates by developing graduate certificate system that defines criteria for young meister in terms of ability to the field, basic job execution ability, foreign language skill and job consciousness.. * Current Korean qualification system is based on level of education. Submit school reform draft. Selection. Preparation (1 year). Opening. • Adjusting target industry and departments • Four rounds • Industry experts • Developing curriculum, after-school activities, textbook, Graduation certificate system with industry involved • Secure faculties, facilities and dormitory • Criterionreferenced evaluation ©KRIVET 2013. 19.

INVITATION OF ON-SITE MEISTER AND EXCELLENT FACULTY Experts in the industry(artisan, craftsman) as meister faculty(teacher both for ` industry and academia) Provide incentive and opportunity to improve expertise to secure excellent faculty. ` • Provide incentive(additional point, special allowance, etc.), reduce work load(reduction in the number of teaching hours, delay in transfer, give additional point for transfer, provide aid teacher for practice) • Provide training for faculty members to improve teaching methods (such as Key competency teaching, project based teaching, etc). PRINCIPAL RECRUITMENT SYSTEM Recruit openly principal so that excellent faculty and head figure in the industry can ` participate. -As of September 2012, 10 principals from industry are designated. * Generally only people who have teacher’s certificate can become a principal of high school ©KRIVET 2013. 20.

SELECT EXCELLENT TALENTED STUDENT ` their talent, interest and aptitude. Select new students nationwide considering •. Minimize the weight of academic abilities(middle school grades) (less than 30% for general application, less than 50% for special application). •. Strengthen interview screening.. High competition rate and selection of excellent students with good grade ` •. In 2013, average competition rate was 2.88: 1 (before being designated as meister high school competition rate was 1.3:1). •. Admission procedure starts earlier than other specialized school (if one fails to enter meister high school, he or she can apply for other specialized high school.). •. Pre-entrance program for freshmen(provide pre-learning tasks, cyber learning, camp, etc.). ©KRIVET 2013. 21.

(Unit: Hours per week) Curriculum Type. Subject(class). Korean. Math. English. Society. General subject. Science Physical activity. Art. Technology, housework, foreign language, Chinese character Subtotal. Details. Unit. Korean. 6. Literature I. 4. Math. 6. Math I. 6. English. 8. Practical English Conversation Society. Freshman 1st. S. 3. 3. 4. 2nd. S. Korean History. 4. Ethics. 2. Science. 4. Physics I. 4. Physical Activity. 2. Physical Activity and Health. 2. Music. 2. Painting. 2. Technology and housework(basics on computer). 6. Japanese I. 4 74. 1st. S. 2nd. S. Senior 1st. S. 2nd S. 3 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 3. 4. 8 4. Sophomore. 4 4 1. 1 2 2. 1. 2. 2. 1 1. 1. 2. 2. 16. 5. 2 2 3. 21. 3. 21. 11. 22.

(Unit: Hours per week) Curriculum Type. Major curriculum. Subject. Unit. Freshman 1st S 2nd S. Electronic Circuit. 6. 3. 3. Electronic Circuit. 25. 3. 3. Digital Logic Circuit. 6. 3. 3. Programming. Sophomore 1st S 2nd S. 5. 6. 3. 5. 5. 3. 4. 4. 3. 5. 4. 4. 3. 5. 2. 2. 4. 4. 4. 2. 2. Introduction to Electronic Circuit Design. 16. 3. Electronic CAD. 14. 3. PCB Design. 8. Introduction to Integrated Circuit Design. 14. Integrated Circuit Design. 8. Basic System. 3. Industrial English. 4. Introduction to Industry. 2. 3. Senior 1st S 2nd S. 3. 3 2. Subtotal of major curriculum. 110. 9. 9. 20. 15. 26. 31. Subtotal of completion unit. 184. 30. 30. 31. 31. 31. 31. Creative activity/special activity. 24. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. Total completion unit. 208. 34. 34. 35. 35. 35. 35. ©KRIVET 2013. 68. 70. 70. Source: Gumi Electronic Technical High School 23.

1st Semester. Fresh men (basic). Sopho more (in-depth). R E G U L A R AF TER. R E G U L A R. AF TER. Senior (appli cation). R E G U L A R AF TER. Summer Vacation. 2st Semester. Winter Vacation. 35 unit 3 weeks (6 unit) 35 unit 4 weeks (8 unit) • Major: basics, computer skill • Major: prerequisite learning • Major: basics, computer skil • Major: prerequisite learning • General: basic academic ability, • General: basic academic ability, • General: basic academic ability, • General: basic academic ability, Key competency TOEIC Key competency TOEIC. Computer skill, foreign lang.. Certificate preparation. 3 weeks (6 unit) 35 unit • Major: prerequisite learning • Major: advanced, project-based • General: TOEIC, math Freshmen lesson • Company-customized class : (basic) • General: Key competency work experience Major oriented club, TOEIC. 35 unit • Major: advanced, applied • Cooperative education Company-customized class, TOEIC. Certificate preparation. Computer skill, foreign lang.. Certificate preparation. 3 weeks (6 unit) 35 unit • Major: prerequisite learning • Major: advanced, project-based • General: TOEIC, math lesson • Company-customized class : • General: Key competency work experience Company-customized class, TOEIC. • Cooperative education, Internship • Cooperative project lesson, Portfolio making. Certificate preparation. employment. Cooperative education. ©KRIVET 2013. 24.

ESTABLISH EDUCATION/EMPLOYMENT NETWORK IN COOPERATION WITH EXCELLENT INDUSTRY Establish agreement and cooperative system between meister high school ` and industry •. 28 meister high schools made an agreement with 1,928 businesses(as of Feb. 2013) to establish cooperative network for education, technical support and employment.. •. MOU with Samsung Electronics(Dec. 2010) -employed 113 students. •. MOU between KITECH, Korea Craftsman Association and MEST(11.5.12). •. MOU with Hyundai Motors(Mar. 2011) -plans to employee 1,000 students for ten years. *KITECH: support for root industries(molding, casting, welding and plating) *Korea Craftsman Association : provide on-site experience and knowhow. ©KRIVET 2013. 25.

CENTRAL SUPPORT AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT Budget support during preparation period `for opening and operation period -MEST : preparation period(2.5 billion), operation period( 600 million won for 3 years) -Local educational office : 1:1 matching fund establishment and support -Province: budget support in various forms. Performance management and provision of` consultancy service -Establish meister high school support center under KRIVET. -38 review meetings have been held since 2009. -4 regular monitoring a year, and more than two times of on-site visit and consulting. Strict performance evaluation and re-designation system ` -Evaluation and reselection should be done within 5 years after opening of meister high school(according to applicable act) * Reselection review will be held in first half of 2014 for 1st and 2nd meister high schools -If the school is not reselected, it is converted into specialized high school ©KRIVET 2013. 26.

• Main role Policy Research. Program Development. Evaluation and Certificate Support. Infrastructure Establishment. • Organization MEST Meister High School Council at the Central level. 전담인력 배치 Industry. 연구지원 TFT 운영 협력체제 구축. Review Council of Meister High School Meister School. 원내Support Fellow 연구진 (4명)/계약진(3명)/ Center 인턴(연구 1명, 행정 1명) R&D team. 원내 ·외. Evaluation Consulting certification team 최고의 team 전문가로 구성된. 1:1 customized expert support. Local government. 연구 풀(Pool). 조직 운영. Local educational office. High 등과의 협력체제 구축 운영 원내· 외Meister 유관기관 School. ©KRIVET 2013. 27.

4. Achievement & Difficulties. ©KRIVET 2013. 28.

•. It is a role model that innovates vocational training at the high school level which is turning our society into performance-driven. - As the school provides differentiated education that meets the need of industry, so it promotes other vocational institution’s re-organization. e.g., Curriculum development based on NCS or job analysis Operating company customized class. •. Recognition change which makes people think high school graduates can succeed in technology and engineering field. e.g., Promotion of recruitment of meister and specialized high school graduates: - more than 2700 in the banking industry(July 21, 2011) - expansion of opportunity in public institutions(July 27, 2011), public position(Aug. 10. 2011) ©KRIVET 2013. 29.

Most graduates of 1st and 2nd meister high school got decent job (graduated in Feb.. •. 2013) - As of Mar 1, 2013, 92% of students got a job. •. Curriculum development and operation that meet the needs of industrial demand, establishment of cooperative network between industry and academia and various after school activities.. •. Established as a benchmarking case in specialized high schools and colleges. ©KRIVET 2013. 30.

•. Career interruption of young males occurs as Korean male should serve military.. •. Active measures have not been taken even though there have been some improvement including delay in military service of high school graduates, revision of industrial technical personnel and specialist solider. •. Huge number of companies are reluctant to hire high school graduates due to military service issue.. •. Most of meister high school students have aspiration for continuing study(Bachelor/associate degree).. •. Establish flexible educational system striking balance between work and study.. ©KRIVET 2013. 31.

Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training. June 2013 shizu@krivet.re.kr. Reproduction of this document or its content is not allowed without prior permission. ©KRIVET 2013. 32.