Towards an Industrial Grade IVE for Java and Next Generation Research Platform for JML

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Technical Report SAnToS-TR2009-10-01, Department Computing and Information Sciences, Kansas State University

Towards an Industrial Grade IVE for Java and Next Generation Research Platform for JML

Patrice Chalin · Robby · Perry R. James · Jooyong Lee · George Karabotsos

Last updated: October 1, 2009

Abstract Tool support for the Java Modeling Language (JML) is a very pressing problem. A main issue with current tools is their architecture; the cost of keeping up with the evolution of Java is prohibitively high, e.g., Java 5 has yet to be fully supported. This paper presents JMLEclipse, an Inte- grated Verification Environment (IVE) for JML that builds upon Eclipse’s support for Java, enhancing it with Runtime Assertion Checking (RAC), Extended Static Checking (ESC), Full Static Program Verification (FSPV), and symbolic exe- cution. To our knowledge, JMLEclipse is the first IVE to support such a full range of verification techniques for a main- stream language. We present the original tool architecture as well as an improved design based on use of the JML Inter- mediate Representation (JIR) which helps decouple JML- Eclipse from the internals of its base compiler. As a result, we believe that JMLEclipse is easier to maintain and extend.

Use of JIR as a tool exchange format is also described.

1 Introduction

The Java Modeling Language (JML) is the most popular Be- havioral Interface Specification Language (BISL) for Java.

JML is recognized by a dozen tools and used by over two dozen institutions for teaching and/or research, mainly in the context of program verification [37]. Tools exist to support

P. Chalin (!), P.R. James, G. Karabotsos Dependable Software Research Group (DSRG)

Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada

e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Robby, Jooyong Lee SAnToS Laboratory

Department of Computing and Information Sciences Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA

the full range of verification from Runtime Assertion Check- ing (RAC) to Full Static Program Verification (FSPV) with Extended Static Checking (ESC) in between [10]. In fact, JML is the only BISL supported by all three of these verification technologies.

Unfortunately, JML tools have been aging quickly. Re- searchers responsible for JML tool development and mainte- nance have been unable to keep up with the rapid pace of evolution of both Java and JML. A prime example of this is the lack of support for Java 5, despite the fact that it was re- leased in 2004. Keeping up with changes in Java is very labor intensive and from an academic researcher’s point of view, it is unrewarding.

In this article, we present JMLEclipse (formerly JML4), an Eclipse-based Integrated development and Verification Envi- ronment (IVE) for Java and JML. Being built on top of the Eclipse Java Development Tools (JDT), JMLEclipse gets up- to-date support for Java almost “for free”. Our contributions are as follows:

– After a very brief introduction to JML, we summarize the JML tooling state-of-affairs, reflecting upon lessons learned from the development of the first generation of tools, projecting successes into our statement of goals for any next generation tooling infrastructure (Section 2).

– With the purpose of illustrating progress made in achiev- ing these goals we describe the phase I architecture of JMLEclipse (Section 3) which was successfully used to implement a full range of verification techniques both

“natively” (RAC, ESC & FSPV) and via “third party”

contributions (constraint programming, symbolic execu- tion and automated test generation).

– We present an assessment of the successes and challenges of the phase I architecture (Section 4). This serves as a motivation for the phase II work which was greatly moti- vated by the desire to further decouple JMLEclipse from the JDT internals, making use of public Application Pro-

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