¹ 4(8) 2006 íàíîòåõíèêà
ÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅ
Ðåøåíèå III íàó÷íî-ïðàêòè÷åñêîé êîíôåðåíöèè «Íàíîòåõíîëîãèè – ïðîèçâîäñòâó 2006» . . . 3
Ðåãèîíû: øàãè íàíîèíäóñòðèè. Ì.À. Àíàíÿí . . . 4
Ñàðàòîâñêèé öåíòð íàíîèíäóñòðèè. Í.Ä. Æóêîâ . . . 13
Èñòîðèÿ, ñîñòîÿíèå è ïåðñïåêòèâû ðàçâèòèÿ íàíîòåõíîëîãèé (Nano-Curriculum vitae). Ã.Ã. Êðóøåíêî . . . 16
Íàíîäèñïåðñíûå ïîðîøêè ìåäè: ïîëó÷åíèå, ñâîéñòâà, âîçìîæíîñòè èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ. Ë.Â. Çîëîòóõèíà, Á.Ð. Ãåëü÷èíñêèé, Í.Â. Êèøêîïàðîâ, Ñ.À. Îãëåçíåâà, Ä.Â. Åðøîâ . . . 22
Æèäêîôàçíàÿ õàëüêîãåííàÿ ïàñèâàöèÿ ïðè ýëåêòðîõèìè÷åñêîì ôîðìèðîâàíèè âûïðÿìëÿþùèõ êîíòàêòîâ ìåòàëë–ïîëóïðîâîäíèê ñ íàíîñêîïè÷åñêîé ãðàíèöåé ðàçäåëà. Ë.Â. Ôîìèíà, Ñ.À. Áåçíîñþê . . . 26
Äâèãàòåëü ïðåäâàðèòåëüíîãî ïîçèöèîíèðîâàíèÿ äëÿ çîíäîâûõ ìèêðîñêîïîâ. Ì.Ã. Àçàðÿí . . . 31
Ôîðìèðîâàíèå íàíî÷àñòèö ñåðåáðà â ñòðóêòóðèðîâàííûõ ìàòðèöàõ è ïåðñïåêòèâû èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ êîìïîçèòíûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ íà èõ îñíîâå. Ò.È. Èçààê, Î.Â. Áàáêèíà, È.Í. Ëàïèí, Å.Â. Ëåîíîâà, Î.Â. Ìàãàåâ, À.Â. Äàíèëîâ, À.Ñ. Êíÿçåâ, Â.À. Ñâåòëè÷íûé, Î.Â. Âîäÿíêèíà, Ã.Ì. Ìîêðîóñîâ, Í.Å. Áîãäàí÷èêîâà . . . 34
Âçàèìîäåéñòâèå ïîëóïðîâîäíèêîâîé ïëàñòèíû ñ ñàìîàôôèííûì ðåëüåôîì ïîâåðõíîñòè ñ ýëåêòðîìàãíèòíûì èçëó÷åíèåì. È.Í. Ñåðîâ, À.Â. Êîïûëüöîâ, Ã.Í. Ëóêüÿíîâ . . . 44
Îïûò è ïåðñïåêòèâû èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ íàíîñåéñìè÷åñêîé òåõíîëîãèè äëÿ èññëåäîâàíèé çåìíîé êîðû. Ô.Í. Þäàõèí, Í.Ê. Êàïóñòÿí, Å.Â. Øàõîâà, Ã.Í. Àíòîíîâñêàÿ . . . 49
Ïîëó÷åíèå îáúåìíûõ óëüòðàìåëêîçåðíèñòûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ ìåòîäîì èíòåíñèâíîé ïëàñòè÷åñêîé äåôîðìàöèè. Ð.Ç. Âàëèåâ, Þ. Ýñòðèí, Ç. Õîðèòà, Ò.Ã. Ëýíãäîí, Ì.É. Çåõåòáàóýð, Þ.Ò. Æó . . . 57
Èíòåíñèâíàÿ ïëàñòè÷åñêàÿ îáðàáîòêà ìåòàëëè÷åñêèõ ëèñòîâ ìåòîäîì ðàâíîêàíàëüíîé óãëîâîé âûòÿæêè. À.À. Çèñìàí, Ê.Ê.Îâàíåñüÿí, Â.Â. Ðûáèí . . . 66
Íàíîòåõíîëîãè÷åñêîå ÑÂ× âàêóóìíî-ïëàçìåííîå îáîðóäîâàíèå. Ð.Ê. ßôàðîâ . . . 73
Èññëåäîâàíèå ïðîöåññîâ ìàãíåòðîííîãî íàïûëåíèÿ ñ ïðèìåíåíèåì ðåçîíàòîðîâ «ÀÉÐÝÑ». È.Í. Ñåðîâ, À.Â. Àíèñèìîâ, Ã.Í.Ëóêüÿíîâ, Ñ.Ê. Ìèðîøíè÷åíêî, À.Î. Ãîëóáîê, Â.È. Ìàðãîëèí, Â.Ò. Áàð÷åíêî . . . 78
Ïðèìåíåíèå èìïóëüñíûõ ýëåêòðè÷åñêèõ ðàçðÿäîâ â âîäíûõ ðàñòâîðàõ äëÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ íàíîìàòåðèàëîâ è èõ èñïîëüçîâàíèå äëÿ î÷èñòêè âîäû. Í.Á. Äàíèëåíêî, À.È. Ãàëàíîâ, ß.È. Êîðíåâ, Ï.Â. Áàëóõòèí, Ë.Í. Øèÿí, Ò.À. Þðìàçîâà, Í.À. ßâîðîâñêèé, Ã.Ã. Ñàâåëüåâ . . . 81
Âîçìîæíîñòè ïðèìåíåíèÿ íàíîïîðîøêîâ âçðûâíîãî ñèíòåçà â Êðàñíîÿðñêå. Â.Ï. Èñàêîâ, À.È. Ëÿìêèí, Â.Ã. Èñàêîâà . . . 91
Ïåðñïåêòèâû èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ äåòîíàöèîííûõ íàíîàëìàçîâ ñ ïîâûøåííîé êîëëîèäíîé óñòîé÷èâîñòüþ â òåõíè÷åñêèõ îáëàñòÿõ. À.Ï. Ïóçûðü, Ã.Å. Ñåëþòèí, Â.Á. Âîðîáüåâ, Å.Í. Ôåäîðîâà, Ê.Â. Ïóðòîâ, Â.À. Âîðîøèëîâ, Â.Ñ. Áîíäàðü . . . 96
Î âîçìîæíîñòè äèíàìè÷åñêîãî ñèíòåçà íàíîäèñïåðñíûõ è ñâåðõòâåðäûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ â ãèïåðçâóêîâîé ïëàçìåííîé ñòðóå. A.A. Ñèâêîâ, À.Ï. Èëüèí, À.Ñ. Ñàéãàø, Ä.Þ. Ãåðàñèìîâ, Ð.Ð. Øàðèïîâ, Ñ.È. Ïðèâåçåíöåâ. . . 106
Íàíîñáîðêà ìîëåêóë äëÿ ëàêîêðàñî÷íûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ è êîìïîçèòîâ. Â.Á. Êîæåâíèêîâ . . . 112
Ìîñêàòåëü – ñòàðîå ñëîâî – íîâîå äåëî. Ã.Ã. Åìåëèíà, Â.Á. Êîæåâíèêîâ . . . 115
ÍÎÂÎÑÒÈ
. . . 117
ÊÍÈÆÍÎÅ ÎÁÎÇÐÅÍÈÅ
. . . 128
ÀÍÍÎÒÀÖÈÈ
. . . 129
¹ 4(8) 2006 NANOTECHNICS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Resolution of the Third Conference «Nanotechnology For Industry 2006» . . . 3
Regions: nanoindustry strides. M.A. Ananyan. . . 4
Nanoindustry Center in Saratov. N.D. Zhukov . . . 13
History, current status and future trends of the nanotechnologies (Nano – Curriculum vitae). G.G. Krushenko . . 16
Nanodisperse copper powders: production, properties and applications. L.V. Zolotukhina, B.R. Geltchinskiy, N.V. Kishkoparov, S.A. Oglezneva, D.V. Ershov . . . 22
Method of halcogenide passivation at liquid-phase electrochemical formation of the nanostructural metal – semiconductor diode contact. L.V. Fomina, S.A. Beznosyuk . . . 26
Preliminary positioning driver for probe microscopes. M.H. Azaryan . . . 31
The silver nanoparticles formation into structured matrixes and the promise of application of composite materials on their base. T.I. Izaak, O.V. Babkina, I.N. Lapin, E.V. Leonova, O.V. Magaev, A.V. Danilov, A.S. Knyazev, V.A. Svetlichnyi, O.V. Vodyankina, G.M. Mokrousov, N.E. Bogdanchikova . . . 34
Interaction of semiconductor plate with the self-affin relief of surface with the electromagnetic radiation. I. Serov. A. Kopylzov, G. Lukyanov . . . 44
Experience and prospects of using nanoseismic technology to study Earth’s crust. F.N. Udakhin, N.K. Kapustian, E.V. Shakhova, G.N. Antonovskaya . . . 49
Manufacture of bulk ultra-fine-grained materials by severe plastic deformation. R.Z. Valiev, Yu. Estrin, Z. Khorita, T.G. Langdon, M.J. Zekhetbauer, Y.T. Zhu . . . 57
Severe plastic treatment of sheet metals by equal channel angular drawing. A.A. Zisman, K.K. Ovanesian, V.V. Rybin . . . 66
The low-temperature synthesis of superdispersed diamonds in microwave plasma of low pressure gas discharge. R.K. Yafarov . . . 73
Study of the processes of magnetron evaporation with the application of resonators «AIRES». I.N. Serov, A.V. Anisimov, G.N. Lukyanov, S.K. Miroshnitchenko, A.O. Golubok , V.I. Margolin, V.T. Bartchenko. . . 78
The usage of pulse electric discharges in water solutions for nanomaterials production and their usage in water purification. N.B. Danilenko, A.I. Galanov, Ya. I. Kornev, P.V. Balukhtin, L.N. Shiyan, T.A. Yurmazova, N.A. Yavorovskii, G.G .Savel’ev . . . 81
Opportunities of application nanoparticles of explosive synthesis in Krasnoyarsk. V.P. Isakov, A.I. Lyamkin, V.G. Isakova . . . 91
Prospects of applying detonation nanodiamonds with improved colloidal stability for technical sciences. A.P. Puzyr, G.E Selyutin, V.B. Vorobyov , E.N. Fedorova , K.V. Purtov, V.A. Voroshilov, V.S. Bondar . . . . 96
Synthesis of superhardness materials in hypersonic jet of electrodischarge plasma. A.A. Sivkov, A.P. Ilyin, A.S. Saygash, D.Yu. Gerasimov, R.R. Sharapov, S.I. Privezencev . . . 106
Molecule nanoassembly for paintwork materials and composites. V.B. Kozhevnikov. . . 112
Moskatel: old word – new undertaking. G.G. Emelina, V.B. Kozhevnikov. . . 115
NEWS
. . . 117
BOOK REVIEV
. . . 128
ANNOTATION
. . . 129 Ðåäàêöèîííûé ñîâåò
Ïðåäñåäàòåëü:
Àíàíÿí Ì.À, ä.ò.í., ãëàâíûé êîíñòðóêòîð Ðîñïðîìà
ïî íàïðàâëåíèþ «Íàíîèíäóñòðèÿ»
×ëåíû ñîâåòà:
Àíäðèåâñêèé Ð.À, ä.ò.í., ïðîô., ÷ëåí ñîâåòà ÐÀÍ ïî íàíîìàòåðèàëàì; Áûêîâ Â.Ï, ä.ô-ì.í., ïðîô.;
Ïðîëåéêî Â.Ì, ïðîô.; Ñåðãååâ Ã.Á, ä.õ.í., ïðîô.;
Öèðëèíà Ã.À, ä.õ.í., ïðîô.;
×åòâåðóøêèí Á.Í, ä.ô-ì.í., ÷ëåí-êîðð ÐÀÍ;
Ëåâèí À.Ñ., îòâ. cåêðåòàðü Íîìåð ãîòîâèëè:
Ìîñèþê Ñ.À., Ñàïîæíèêîâ Þ.Ò., Ñâèäèíåíêî Þ.Ã.
ÀÄÐÅÑ ÐÅÄÀÊÖÈÈ:
115184, Ìîñêâà, Á.Òàòàðñêàÿ óë., ä.38
Ñäàíî â íàáîð 02.10.2006. Ïîäïèñàíî â ïå÷àòü 23.10.2006 Ôîðìàò 60õ90/& Áóìàãà îôñåòíàÿ ¹1.
Ó÷.-èçä. ë. 12,5. Ôèç. ï. 12,5. Òèðàæ 500. Çàêàç ¹146
«ßíóñ-Ê». Ëèöåíçèÿ ÈÄ ¹ 05875 îò 21.09.2001 109316, Ìîñêâà, óë. Ñòðîéêîâñêàÿ, ä.12, êîðï.2.
Îòïå÷àòàíî â ÎÎÎ «ÈÍÔÎÐÌ-ÑÎÔÒ»
119034, Ìîñêâà, Åðîïêèíñêèé ïåð., ä.16 ISSN 1816-4498
Àííîòàöèè
Èñòîðèÿ, ñîñòîÿíèå è ïåðñïåêòèâû ðàçâèòèÿ íàíîòåõíîëîãèé (Nano Curriculumvitae) Ã.Ã. Êðóøåíêî
Íàíî-ýêñêóðñ â èñòîðèþ, ñîâðåìåííîå ñîñòîÿíèå è ïåðñïåê- òèâû ðàçâèòèÿ íàíîòåõíîëîãèé. Ïðèìåíåíèå íàíîïðîøîêîâ âûñîêîïðî÷íûõ òóãîïëàâêèõ õèìè÷åñêèõ ñîåäèíåíèé äëÿ ïî- âûøåíèÿ ôèçèêî-ìåõàíè÷åñêèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê è ýêñïëóàòàöè- îííûõ èçäåëèé, èçãîòîâëÿåìûõ èç ðàçëè÷íûõ ìåòàëëîâ è ñïëà- âîâ ðàçëè÷íûìè ìåòîäàìè.
Íàíîäèñïåðñíûå ïîðîøêè ìåäè: ïîëó÷åíèå, ñâîéñòâà, âîçìîæíîñòè èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ
Ë.Â. Çîëîòóõèíà, Á.Ð. Ãåëü÷èíñêèé, Í.Â. Êèøêîïàðîâ, Ñ.À. Îãëåçíåâà, Ä.Â. Åðøîâ
Ïðèâåäåíû õàðàêòåðèñòèêè íàíîäèñïåðñíîãî ïîðîøêà ìåäè, ïðîèçâîäèìîãî íà ÇÀÎ ÍÏÏ Âûñîêîäèñïåðñíûå ìåòàë- ëè÷åñêèå ïîðîøêè ìåòîäîì èñïàðåíèÿ-êîíäåíñàöèè. Èçó÷åíî âëèÿíèå ëåãèðîâàíèÿ ïîðîøêîâîãî æåëåçà ïîðîøêàìè ìåäè ñ ðàçìåðàìè îò 0,1 äî 100 ìêì â êîëè÷åñòâå 3 ìàñ. % íà ñòðóêòóðó è ôèçèêî-ìåõàíè÷åñêèå ñâîéñòâà ñïå÷åííûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ. Óñòà- íîâëåíî óâåëè÷åíèå çíà÷åíèé ïëàñòè÷åñêèõ ñâîéñòâ è òâåðäî- ñòè ìàòåðèàëîâ â 1,54 ðàçà. Ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî äîáàâëåíèå 0,250,5% íàíîäèñïåðñíîãî ïîðîøêà ìåäè â êîìáèíèðîâàííûé íàïîëíèòåëü äëÿ øèííûõ ðåçèí óëó÷øàåò èõ ýêñïëóàòàöèîí- íûå ñâîéñòâà: óñëîâíóþ ïðî÷íîñòü, ñîïðîòèâëåíèå ðàçäèðó è ïðî÷íîñòü ñâÿçè ðåçèíû ñ ìåòàëëîêîðäîì.
Äâèãàòåëü ïðåäâàðèòåëüíîãî ïîçèöèîíèðîâàíèÿ äëÿ çîíäîâûõ ìèêðîñêîïîâ
Ì.Ã. Àçàðÿí
Ïðåäëàãàåòñÿ ñïîñîá îñóùåñòâëåíèÿ îïåðàöèè ïðåäâàðèòå- ëüíîãî ïîçèöèîíèðîâàíèÿ â ñòàðòîâîå ïîëîæåíèå â çîíäîâûõ ìèêðîñêîïàõ. Îïèñàíû ñòåíä, ðåàëèçóþùèé ýòîò ñïîñîá, è íå- êîòîðûå ðåçóëüòàòû åãî èñïûòàíèé. Îáñóæäàåòñÿ ïðåäîñòàâëÿ- åìàÿ ñïîñîáîì âîçìîæíîñòü ñîçäàíèÿ ïðîñòîãî äâèãàòåëÿ X Y, -ïîçèöèîíèðîâàíèÿ.
Ôîðìèðîâàíèå íàíî÷àñòèö ñåðåáðà
â ñòðóêòóðèðîâàííûõ ìàòðèöàõ è ïåðñïåêòèâû èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ êîìïîçèòíûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ íà èõ îñíîâå Ò.È. Èçààê, Î.Â. Áàáêèíà, È.Í. Ëàïèí, Å.Â. Ëåîíîâà, Î.Â. Ìàãàåâ, À.Â. Äàíèëîâ, À.Ñ. Êíÿçåâ, Â.À.
Ñâåòëè÷íûé, Î.Â. Âîäÿíêèíà, Ã.Ì. Ìîêðîóñîâ, Í.Å. Áîãäàí÷èêîâà
Èññëåäîâàíû ïðîöåññû ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ íàíî÷àñòèö ñåðåáðà â ñòðóêòóðèðîâàííûõ ìàòðèöàõ ðàçëè÷íîé ïðèðîäû è ïåðñïåê- òèâû ïðèìåíåíèÿ ïîëó÷åííûõ íàíîêîìïîçèòîâ â êàòàëèçå è íå- ëèíåéíîé îïòèêå. Ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî ñòðóêòóðà è ñâîéñòâà ìàòðè- öû-íîñèòåëÿ îêàçûâàþò ðåøàþùåå âëèÿíèå íà ðàçìåð, ôîðìó è ñòàáèëüíîñòü íàíî÷àñòèö, ïîëó÷åííûõ â åå ïðèñóòñòâèè.
Âçàèìîäåéñòâèå ïîëóïðîâîäíèêîâîé ïëàñòèíû ñ ñàìîàôôèííûì ðåëüåôîì ïîâåðõíîñòè ñ ýëåêòðîìàãíèòíûì èçëó÷åíèåì
È.Í. Ñåðîâ, À.Â. Êîïûëüöîâ, Ã.Í. Ëóêüÿíîâ
Ðàçâèòèå íàíîòåõíîëîãèé è èññëåäîâàíèå íîâûõ ïðèíöèïîâ ïîñòðîåíèÿ ýëåêòðîííûõ è îïòè÷åñêèõ óñòðîéñòâ ñòàâèò çàäà÷ó ñîçäàíèÿ ôèçè÷åñêèõ ìîäåëåé, àäåêâàòíî îïèñûâàþùèõ èõ ðà- áîòó. Îáåùàþùèå âîçìîæíîñòè ïðåäñòàâëÿþò ðåãóëÿðíûå ñòðóêòóðû, ñôîðìèðîâàííûå íà ïîâåðõíîñòè ïîëóïðîâîäíèêî- âîãî ìàòåðèàëà.
Íåîæèäàííûå âîçìîæíîñòè äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ â íàó÷íûõ èññëåäîâàíèÿõ è òåõíèêå îòêðûâàþò òàê íàçûâàåìûå ñàìîàô- ôèííûå ñòðóêòóðû íà ïîâåðõíîñòè ïîëóïðîâîäíèêîâîé ïëàñòè- íû. Àâòîðû âûïîëíèëè èññëåäîâàíèå ïîâåäåíèÿ êðåìíèåâîé ïëàñòèíû ñî ñôîðìèðîâàííîé íà åå ïîâåðõíîñòè ñàìîàôôèí- íîé ñòðóêòóðîé èç êîëüöåâûõ óãëóáëåíèé. Äëÿ ýòîãî èñïîëüçî- âàëàñü êîìïüþòåðíàÿ ìîäåëü, îñíîâàííàÿ íà ÿâëåíèè
ïîëÿðèçàöèè íîñèòåëåé çàðÿäà â ðåçóëüòàòå âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ ìàòåðèàëà ïëàñòèíû ñ ýëåêòðîìàãíèòíûì èçëó÷åíèåì. Ðåçóëü- òàòû, ïîëó÷åííûå àâòîðàìè ïîêàçàëè, ÷òî ðàññìàòðèâàåìàÿ ïî- ëóïðîâîäíèêîâàÿ ïëàñòèíà ñ ñàìîàôôèííûì ðåëüåôîì ïîâåðõ- íîñòè ðàáîòàåò êàê ïðåîáðàçîâàòåëü ïàäàþùåãî íà íåå èçëó÷å- íèÿ â êîãåðåíòíóþ ôîðìó. Åå ïðèìåíåíèå îòêðûâàåò ïðèíöè- ïèàëüíî íîâûå âîçìîæíîñòè äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ óñòðîéñòâ íà òàêîé îñíîâå.
Îïûò è ïåðñïåêòèâû èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ íàíîñåéñìè÷åñêîé òåõíîëîãèè äëÿ èññëåäîâàíèé çåìíîé êîðû
Ô.Í. Þäàõèí, Í.Ê. Êàïóñòÿí, Å.Â. Øàõîâà, Ã.Í. Àíòîíîâñêàÿ
Ïðåäñòàâëåíà íàíîñåéñìè÷åñêàÿ òåõíîëîãèÿ, ñóòü êîòîðîé ñîñòîèò â îáñëåäîâàíèè òåððèòîðèè ïóòåì ïðîâåäåíèÿ èçìåðå- íèé ìèêðîñåéñìè÷åñêîãî ôîíà ñ ïîñëåäóþùèì âûäåëåíèåì èç íåãî ýíäîãåííûõ ñîáûòèé ñ ìàãíèòóäîé M ~ 4¼ .  ðåçóëü-5 òàòå ñòàòèñòè÷åñêîãî àíàëèçà òàêèõ íàíîñåéñìè÷åñêèõ ïðîÿâëå- íèé íà ðÿäå ïðèìåðîâ, â òîì ÷èñëå ïîëåâûõ ðàáîò â Àðõàíãåëü- ñêîé îáëàñòè ïîêàçàíà âîçìîæíîñòü âûÿâëåíèÿ ñëàáîàêòèâíûõ ðàçëîìîâ íà ïëàòôîðìåííûõ òåððèòîðèÿõ è ìîíèòîðèíãà èõ ñåéñìè÷åñêîé àêòèâíîñòè.
Ïîëó÷åíèå îáúåìíûõ óëüòðàìåëêîçåðíèñòûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ ìåòîäì èíòåíñèâíîé ïëàñòè÷åñêîé äåôîðìàöèè
Ð.Ç. Âàëèåâ, Þ. Ýñòðèí, Ç. Õîðèòà, Ò.Ã. Ëýíãäîí, Ì.É. Çåõåòáàóýð, Þ.Ò. Æó
Äàííûé îáçîð ðàññìàòðèâàåò íà ïåðâîì ïëàíå ñàìûå íåäàâ- íèå äîñòèæåíèÿ è íîâûå òåíäåíöèè â îäíîé èç íàèáîëåå àêòèâ- íî ðàçâèâàþùèõñÿ îáëàñòåé ñîâðåìåííîãî ìàòåðèàëîâåäåíèÿ:
ïîëó÷åíèè îáúåìíûõ óëüòðàìåëêîçåðíèñòûõ (ÓÌÇ) ìàòåðèà- ëîâ ñ ïîìîùüþ èíòåíñèâíîé ïëàñòè÷åñêîé äåôîðìàöèè (ÈÏÄ).  ñòàòüå òàêæå îáîáùåíà õðîíîëîãèÿ ðàííèõ ðàáîò â îáëàñòè ÈÏÄ îáðàáîòêè è ïðåäñòàâëåíû ÿñíûå è ÷åòêèå îïðå- äåëåíèÿ òåðìèíîâ, êîòîðûå â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ èñïîëüçóþòñÿ â äàííîé òåìàòèêå. Îñîáîå âíèìàíèå óäåëåíî ïðèíöèïàì ðàçëè÷- íûõ ìåòîäîâ ÈÏÄ, à òàêæå ãëàâíûì ñòðóêòóðíûì îñîáåííî- ñòÿì è óíèêàëüíûì ñâîéñòâàì îáúåìíûõ ÓÌÇìàòåðèàëîâ, îïðåäåëÿþùèì ïåðñïåêòèâû èõ øèðîêîãî ïðàêòè÷åñêîãî ïðè- ìåíåíèÿ.
Èíòåíñèâíàÿ ïëàñòè÷åñêàÿ îáðàáîòêà ìåòàëëè÷åñêèõ ëèñòîâ ìåòîäîì ðàâíîêàíàëüíîé óãëîâîé âûòÿæêè À.À. Çèñìàí, Ê.Ê.Îâàíåñüÿí, Â.Â. Ðûáèí
Ïðåäëîæåí ìåòîä èíòåíñèâíîé ïëàñòè÷åñêîé îáðàáîòêè ìå- òàëëîâ â ëèñòîâûõ çàãîòîâêàõ ìåòîäîì ðàâíîêàíàëüíîé óãëî- âîé âûòÿæêè è ïðåäñòàâëåíû ðåçóëüòàòû ïðîáíîé îáðàáîòêè òîíêèõ ëèñòîâ òåõíè÷åñêè ÷èñòîãî àëþìèíèÿ. Ïîëó÷åííûå ìå- õàíè÷åñêèå ñâîéñòâà, òåêñòóðû è ìèêðîñòðóêòóðû ñðàâíèâàþò- ñÿ ñ àíàëîãè÷íûìè õàðàêòåðèñòèêàìè àëþìèíèÿ, äåôîðìèðî- âàííîãî íàèáîëåå áëèçêèìè ìåòîäàìè: (à) ðàâíîêàíàëüíàÿ óã- ëîâàÿ âûòÿæêà (ÐÊÓÂ) ïðóòêîâ è (á) ðàâíîêàíàëüíàÿ óãëîâàÿ ýêñòðóçèÿ (ÐÊÓÝ) ëèñòîâ.
Íàíîòåõíîëîãè÷åñêîå ÑÂ× âàêóóìíî-ïëàçìåííîå îáîðóäîâàíèå
Ð.Ê. ßôàðîâ
Ðàññìîòðåíû ñîñòîÿíèå è ïåðñïåêòèâû ñîçäàíèÿ êîíêóðåí- òîñïîñîáíîãî íàíîòåõíîëîãè÷åñêîãî îáîðóäîâàíèÿ è òåõíîëî- ãèé äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ è ïðîèçâîäñòâà íàíîìàòåðèàëîâ, óñòðîéñòâ íàíîñèñòåìíîé òåõíèêè è íàíîýëåêòðîíèêè. Ïîêàçàíî, ÷òî òà- êîå îáîðóäîâàíèå äîëæíî áûòü êëàñòåðíûì, îñíàùåííûì ñî- âðåìåííûìè ñðåäñòâàìè ìîíèòîðèíãà òåõíîëîãè÷åñêèõ ïðîöåñ- ñîâ è îñíîâûâàòüñÿ íà èñïîëüçîâàíèè íèçêîýíåðãåòè÷íîé ïëàç- ìû ÑÂ× ãàçîâîãî ðàçðÿäà íèçêîãî äàâëåíèÿ â ìàãíèòíîì ïîëå.
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Ïðèìåíåíèå èìïóëüñíûõ ýëåêòðè÷åñêèõ ðàçðÿäîâ â âîäíûõ ðàñòâîðàõ äëÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ íàíîìàòåðèàëîâ è èõ èñïîëüçîâàíèå äëÿ î÷èñòêè âîäû
Í.Á. Äàíèëåíêî, À.È. Ãàëàíîâ, ß.È. Êîðíåâ, Ï.Â.
Áàëóõòèí, Ë.Í. Øèÿí, Ò.À. Þðìàçîâà, Í.À. ßâîðîâñêèé, Ã.Ã. Ñàâåëüåâ
Ðàññìîòðåíû ïðîöåññû, ïðîèñõîäÿùèå ïðè âîçäåéñòâèè èìïóëüñíûõ ýëåêòðè÷åñêèõ ðàçðÿäîâ íà ìåòàëëè÷åñêóþ çàãðóç- êó â âîäíûõ ðàñòâîðàõ ñîëåé. Îöåíåíû ïàðàìåòðû äåéñòâóþ- ùèõ ôàêòîðîâ èìïóëüñíîãî ðàçðÿäà. Ïðåäëîæåíû ìåõàíèçìû ïðîöåññîâ ïîëó÷åíèÿ íàíî÷àñòèö è î÷èñòêè âîäû îò ïðèìåñåé.
Îñíîâíûå ñòàäèè ýòèõ ìåõàíèçìîâ: áûñòðûé íàãðåâ ìèêðî- ííûõ ó÷àñòêîâ ïîâåðõíîñòè ìåòàëëà èñêðîâûìè ðàçðÿäàìè, ðàñïûëåíèå ðàñïëàâëåííîãî ìåòàëëà ñ îáðàçîâàíèåì íàíî÷à- ñòèö, õèìè÷åñêèå ðåàêöèè íàíî÷àñòèö ìåòàëëîâ ñ âîäîé è ïðè- ìåñÿìè.
Õèìèçì è êèíåòèêà ðåàêöèé èçó÷åíû íà ïðèìåðå âçàèìî- äåéñòâèÿ ýðîäèðîâàííûõ íàíî÷àñòèö Al, Fe è Ti ñ âîäîé, Fe è Al c ðàñòâîðàìè ñîëåé, ñîäåðæàùèõ àíèîíû As (V), Cr (VI) è Si (IV) è êàòèîíû Ni (II). Îïðåäåëåíû òèïû âçàèìîäåéñòâèé, ñîñòàâ ïðîäóêòîâ, èçìåíåíèå è ðîëü ðÍ â èçó÷åííûõ ðåàêöèÿõ.
Âîçìîæíîñòè ïðèìåíåíèÿ íàíîïîðîøêîâ âçðûâíîãî ñèíòåçà â Êðàñíîÿðñêå
Â.Ï. Èñàêîâ, À.È. Ëÿìêèí, Â.Ã. Èñàêîâà
Îïèñàíû õàðàêòåðèñòèêè íåêîòîðûõ ìàðîê íàíîìàòåðèà- ëîâ ðàçðàáîòàííûõ â Êðàñíîÿðñêå, óêàçàíû îáëàñòè ïðèìåíå- íèÿ. Îáîáùåíû ðåçóëüòàòû ïðîâåäåííûõ èññëåäîâàíèé òâåðäî- ôàçíûõ ðåàêöèé ãîðåíèÿ äåòîíàöèîííûõ ÓÄÀ è ôóëëåðåíîâ ñ àöåòèëàöåòîíàòàìè ìåòàëëîâ. Äàííûå ðåàêöèè èñïîëüçîâàíû äëÿ ãàçèôèêàöèè «íåàëìàçíîé» è «íåôóëëåðåíîâîé» óãëåðîä- íûõ ôðàêöèé èç àëìàçî-óãëåðîäíîé øèõòû è ôóëëåðåíñîäåð- æàùèõ ñàæ, à òàêæå â ñèíòåçå ïîðîøêîâûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ íà îñíî- âå âîäîðàñòâîðèìûõ ôóëëåðåíîëîâ ñ âêëþ÷åííûìè â íèõ ìà- ëûìè íàíîìåòàëëè÷åñêèìè ÷àñòèöàìè ïëàòèíû è èðèäèÿ.
Ïåðñïåêòèâû èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ äåòîíàöèîííûõ
íàíîàëìàçîâ ñ ïîâûøåííîé êîëëîèäíîé óñòîé÷èâîñòüþ â òåõíè÷åñêèõ îáëàñòÿõ
À.Ï. Ïóçûðü, Ã.Å. Ñåëþòèí, Â.Á. Âîðîáüåâ, Å.Í.
Ôåäîðîâà, Ê.Â. Ïóðòîâ, Â.À. Âîðîøèëîâ, Â.Ñ. Áîíäàðü  ñòàòüå ñîîáùàåòñÿ î ïðàêòè÷åñêèõ ïðèìåíåíèÿõ ìîäèôè- öèðîâàííûõ íàíîàëìàçîâ, îáëàäàþùèõ ïîâûøåííîé êîëëîèä- íîé óñòîé÷èâîñòüþ â çîëÿõ. Íàèáîëüøåå âíèìàíèå óäåëåíî ñî- çäàíèþ àíòèôðèêöèîííûõ êîìïîçèöèé, êàê èìåþùèõ íàèáîëü- øåå ïðàêòè÷åñêîå çíà÷åíèå â ñâÿçè ñ øèðîêîé ðàñïðîñòðàíåí- íîñòüþ àãðåãàòîâ è ìåõàíèçìîâ, èìåþùèõ óçëû òðåíèÿ. Ïðèâî- äÿòñÿ ðåçóëüòàòû èññëåäîâàíèé, íàïðàâëåííûõ íà óïðî÷íåíèå è ïîâûøåíèå âÿçêîñòè ðàçðóøåíèÿ ýïîêñèäíîé ìàòðèöû, ïðè ðàçðàáîòêå âîëîêíèñòîãî êîìïîçèöèîííîãî ìàòåðèàëà äëÿ ïðè- ìåíåíèÿ â àâèàöèîííûõ êîíñòðóêöèÿõ. Ñîîáùàåòñÿ î õàðàêòå- ðèñòèêàõ ïîëèêðèñòàëëè÷åñêèõ íàíîàëìàçîâ, îáëàäàþùèõ âû- ñîêîé àáðàçèâíîé ñïîñîáíîñòüþ.
Ìîñêàòåëü ñòàðîå ñëîâî íîâîå äåëî Ã.Ã. Åìåëèíà, Â.Á. Êîæåâíèêîâ
Ïðåäñòàâëåí àññîðòèìåíò ËÊÌ, âûïóñêàåìûõ ïðåäïðèÿòè- åì. Îïèñàíî ïðèìåíåíèå àññåìáëåðîâ, âûïóñêàåìûõ ïðåäïðèÿ- òèåì äëÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâà ËÊÌ. Ïðèâåäåíî îáúÿñíåíèå (â ïîðÿä- êå ãèïîòåçû) ôåíîìåíàëüíûõ ñâîéñòâ îëèãîïàðààëêèäîâ. Îáú- ÿñíåíî äåéñòâèå è ðåêîì,åíäîâàíî ïðèìåíåíèå íàíîáîòîâ-ïàðà- àëêèäîâ. Áèáë.6. Ðèñ.3.
History, current status and future trends of the nanotechnologies (Nano-Curriculumvitae) G.G. Krushenko
There presented the nano-excursus in history, the current status and the future trends of the nanotechnologies. Using the
nanopowders of high-strength refractory chemical compounds (nitrides, borides, carbides, etc.) for increasing the physics-mechanical and operating characteristics of factory-made goods made of different metals and alloys by different methods is described.
Íàíîäèñïåðñíûå ïîðîøêè ìåäè: ïîëó÷åíèå, ñâîéñòâà, âîçìîæíîñòè èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ
Ë.Â. Çîëîòóõèíà, Á.Ð. Ãåëü÷èíñêèé, Í.Â. Êèøêîïàðîâ, Ñ.À. Îãëåçíåâà, Ä.Â. Åðøîâ
Characteristics of nanosizesed copper powder produced on Fine Metal Powders Company by an evaporation condensation method are given. Influence of an alloy building of powder iron by powders of copper with the sizes from 0,1 up to 100 microns in quantity 34 weight % on structure and physicomechanical properties sintering materials is investigated. The increase in values of plastic properties and hardness of materials in 1,54 times is fixed. It is shown that the addition of 0,250,5% copper nanopowders to combined filler for tire rubbers improves their operational properties: conditional durability and tensile stress resistance.
Preliminary positioning driver for probe microscopes M.H. Azaryan
The simplified technique of accomplishment of preliminary positioning operation to the starting position for the probe microscopes is proposed. The setup realizing this operation, as well as some results of its testing are represented. The opportunity of development of such, simple X Y, -positioning driver is discus- sed.
The silver nanoparticles formation into structured matrixes and the promise of application of composite materials on their base
T.I. Izaak, O.V. Babkina, I.N. Lapin, E.V. Leonova, O.V. Magaev, A.V. Danilov, A.S. Knyazev,
V.A. Svetlichnyi, O.V. Vodyankina, G.M. Mokrousov, N.E. Bogdanchikova
The processes of silver nanoparticles formation into various types of structured matrixes and the promise of nanocomposites application in catalysis and nonlinear optics was investigated. It was shown that the structure and properties of matrix supporter influence on a size form and stability of silver nanoparticles, which are obtained at the presence of this matrix.
Interaction of semiconductor plate with the self-affin relief of surface with the electromagnetic radiation I. Serov, A. Kopylzov, G. Lukyanov
Development of nano-technologies and the investigations of the new principles of the construction of electronic and optics raise the problem of developing of the physical models, which adequately describe their functioning. The promising possibilities present the regular structures, formed on the surface of semiconductor material. The unexpected possibilities for the use in scientific studies and technology offer the so-called self-affin structures on the surface of semiconductor plate. The authors carried out a study of the behavior of silicic plate with the self-affin structure from the annular deepenings formed on its surface. The computer model, based on the phenomenon of the polarization of charges as a result of interaction of the material of plate with the electromagnetic radiation, was used for this. The results, obtained by the authors showed that semiconductor the plate with the self-affin relief of surface in question works as the converter of incident to it radiation in the coherent form. Its ap- plication offers fundamentally new possibilities for creating the devices on this basis.
Îïûò è ïåðñïåêòèâû èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ íàíîñåéñìè÷åñêîé òåõíîëîãèè äëÿ èññëåäîâàíèé çåìíîé êîðû
Ô.Í. Þäàõèí, Í.Ê. Êàïóñòÿí, Å.Â. Øàõîâà, Ã.Í.
Àíòîíîâñêàÿ
The nanoseismic technology the main point of which consist in investigation of the territory by carrying out of measurements of a microseismic background with the following separation from it the endogenous events with magnitude M~-4 -5 was submitted. As a result of the statistical analysis of such nanoseismic events by the examples of field works in different cases and in the Arkhangelsk region the opportunity of revealing of the weak active faults in the platform territories and monito- ring of their seismic activity was shown.
Severe plastic treatment of sheet metals by equal channel angular drawing
A.A. Zisman, K.K. Ovanesian, V.V. Rybin
A method for equal channel angular drawing of sheet metals (ECADS) is presented and results of its application to a thin sheet of commercially pure aluminium are reported. The obtained mechanical properties, textures and microstructures are compared to those resulting from closely related processing techniques: (a) ECAD of rods, and (b) continuous shearing of sheets (CSS).
Nanotechnology microwave vacuum-plasma equipments R.K. Yafarov
State and perspective of creating competitive nanotechnology equipments and technology for creating and production nanomaterials, devices of nanosystem technics and nanoelectronic are considered. These equipments have to clustering, equipped the modern resources of monitoring technology process and based on using low-energy plasma of microwave gas recharge in magnetic field are shown.
Study of the processes of magnetron evaporation with the application of resonators «AIRES»
I. Serov, A. Anisimov, G. Lukyanov, S. Miroshnitchenko, A. Golubok, V. Margolin, V. Bartchenko
Application of nano-dimensional objects with the fractal self-similar structure presents wide field for their application in the most different devices. For understanding of their nature and behavior it is necessary to consider the phenomena, which earlier into the examination did not start. Also should be searched for the new methods of their description with a simultaneous study of the properties of such objects. In this case should be isolated not only physical properties as, for example, electrical conductivity. Sho- uld be also investigated both geometric properties and their
connection with the physical properties. It was revealed the ano- malous behavior of thin films and the effect of «memory», which was expressed in the «memorization» of the highest value of resis- tance, achieved with the heating by the films with the fractal structure of surface, prepared with the application of fractal-mat- rix resonators (FMR) of «AIRES». This effect is explained by the registered by the authors redistribution of energy in the spectrum in the installation for the magnetron evaporation. To these the authors explain cardinal changes in the relief of the surface of thin film.
Opportunities of application nanoparticles of explosive synthesis in Krasnoyarsk
V.P. Isakov, A.I. Lyamkin, V.G. Isakova
Characteristics of some marks nanoparticles developed in Krasnoyarsk are described, scopes are specified.
The results of the studies of solid-phase combustion reactions of UDD and fullerene with metal acetylacetonates are summari- zed. The given combustion reactions are used for gasification of non-diamond and non-fullerene fractions out of diamond-contai- ning blend and raw fullerene soot. In synthesis of powder materi- als on the basis of water-soluble fullerenol powder with included in them small nanometallic particles of platinum and iridium the- se reactions also are used.
Prospects of applying detonation nanodiamonds with improved colloidal stability for technical sciences A.P. Puzyr, G.E Selyutin, V.B. Vorobyov, E.N. Fedorova, K.V. Purtov, V.A. Voroshilov, V.S. Bondar
The paper discusses the application of modified nanodiamond with a high colloidal stability. The particular emphasis is placed on the development of antifriction lubricant compositions because of wide use of friction units in engineering structures.
The results of experimental investigations aimed at improving the strength and fracture toughness of epoxy based fibrous composite for aircraft applications are presented. The characteristics of polycrystalline nanodiamonds with a high abrasiveness are reported.
Moscatel old word new affair G.G. Emelina, V.B. Kojevnikov
Big variety LCM and special assemblers for LCM manufactoried by our enterprise, supply in this article. We describe appling of our nanobots. The explanation of phenomenon effects of oligoparaalkides have been gave (as working hypothesis). The recommendations how to you as use nano- bots-paraalkides are suggested. Ref. 6. Fig. 3.
