2.2 Activities
Activity 1. Match the terms with their definitions
1. space A- a the exertion of force by one body on the surface of another
2. matter B- a reaction in which two nuclei combine to form a nucleus with the release of energy
3. gravity C- the region beyond the earth's atmosphere containing the other planets of the solar system, stars, galaxies, etc; universe 4. nuclear fusion D- substance that occupies space and has mass, as
distinguished from substance that is mental, spiritual, etc 5. pressure E- the force of attraction that moves or tends to move bodies
towards the centre of a celestial body, such as the earth or moon
Activity 2. Mark the statements “True” or “False” ()
True False 1. Heat from the protosun warmed the inner region of the disk.
2. Nuclear fusion releases vast amounts of gas.
3. The Sun still generates its energy by hydrogen fusion.
4. Everyone can go back in time to view the formation of the Solar System and the Earth.
5. The cloud formed from matter ejected from an exploding planet.
Activity 3. Match the beginnings of sentences to the endings
1. The hypothesis states that A- caused the cloud to condense into a sphere.
2. Small gravitational attractions among the dust and gas particles
B- they attracted additional particles.
3. As they increased in size and developed stronger gravitational forces,
C- the next heavier element, in a process called nuclear fusion.
4. The core became so hot that hydrogen nuclei combined to form the nucleus of
D- of the disk under the influence of gravity, forming the protosun.
5. More than 90 percent of the matter in the cloud collapsed toward the center
E- about 5 billion years ago the matter that became our Solar System was an immense, diffuse, frozen cloud of dust.
Activity 4. Answer the following questions
1. Are scientists able to describe the formation of the Solar System and the Earth with certainty?
2. What does the hypothesis state?
3. What did the protosun form?
4. What does the word planetesimals mean?
5. How is the birth of the modern Sun marked?
Activity 5. Translate the following words and phrases
a sequence of events, observations of stars, the matter that became our Solar System, exploding star, the most abundant elements in the Universe, rotating slowly in space, gravitational attractions, to generate energy by nuclear fusion, moist air, to attract additional particles, extremely high pressure, hydrogen nuclei
Activity 6. Read more and then speak about the formation of the Solar System and the Earth
