A checklist of birds at three Forest Reserves of Pangkor Island, Perak - Malaysian Agricultural Repository

rssN 0121-812 Vol XXVI 2009.2010. The Journalof. WILDLIFE ANdPARKS. Journal of lltldlile and Parks !2000-)0tq 26. 7l--7. A CHECKLIST OF BIRDS AT THREE F'ORESTRESERVESOF PANGKOR ISLAND. PERAK Rahmah Ilias & Hamdon Tak Departmentof Wildlife & National parks, (DII/Np) KM10Jalan Cheras,56100Kualq Lurypur. ABSTRACT A bird surveywas carriedout during the biodiversityscientificexpeditionin pangkorIsland, Perakfrom 5thto 7thMay 2009. Datawas derivedfrom direct and indirectobservations alons five trails in PangkorUtaraForestReserve,SungaipinangForestReserveandpanskorSelatai ForestReserve.The studyareaconsistsof lowlanddipterocarpforestandh I diptericarpforest. A total of34 speciesfrom 2l familieswererecordedduring the survey. Fromtlis, a toial of 15 species(13 families)wererecordedin pangkorutara ForestReserve,26 species(lg families)in SungaiPinangForestReserveand 13 species(10 families)in pangkorselatanForestReserve. Pycnonotidae wasthehighestcompositionfamily with five species,followedby Accipitridaewith threespecies.SungaiPinangForestReserverecordedthe highestcompositionwith 26 species (18families)comparedto the othertwo forestreserves.A total of 25 speciesarelistedunder the wildlife conservationAct 2010[Act 716]ofwhich threespeciesarelistedunderIUCN RedData List. GreatArgus,which is listedasNearThreatened underIUCN ReddataList wasrecorded in thethreereserves.. INTRODUCTION currently' a total of 742speciesof birds from 83 familieswererecordedin Malaysiaof which 445are resident,232aremigratoryandvagrantwhile 43 areboth residentandmigratory(MNS, 2005). This studyis the first bird surveycarriedout in pangkorutara ForestReserve,sungaipinang ForestReserveandPangkorSelatanForestReserveby DWNp rhe objectiveofthisitudy is tJ generatespecieslist ofbirds, mammalsandherpetofauna for the threeforestreserves. PangkorIsland is situatedin the straits of Malacca,about3.g nauticalmiles from Lumut in ManjungDistrict,Perak.PangkorIslandwith an areaof2,274.7ghectarescomesunderManjung district. It is the biggestamongthe eight islandsin its clusters,namelythe MentangorIsiand, PangkorLaut Island,Giam Island,TukunTerindakIsland,pelandokIsland,SimpanIslandand Dua Island.A total of40 % ofthe islandis coveredby forest. More than 50% ofthe DoDulation on the islandare fishermanwhire the rest are reta er, constructionworker,transportoperator, governmentservantandfarmer. The surveyareaconsistsof lowlanddipterocarpforest(0-300m a.s.l)andhill dipterocarpforest (300-750m a.s.l),with Bukit Pangkoras the highestpeakat 371m a.s.l. The island consistsof threepermanentforestreserve,namelypangkorutara Forestreserve(r7r.92 ha),Sungaipinang ForestReserve(651.49ha)andpangkorSelatanForestReserve(l3l.7l ha).. Rahmah Ilias & Hamdon Tak. Five routes were chosenrandomly for the survey (Table l, Figure l). These routes are existing trails managedby the Forestry Department ofPeninsular Malaysia. Direct and indirect observationswere carried out by two observers from 0700 hrs to 1800 hrs daily throughout the survey period (5'h- 7'hMay 2009). For direct obseryation, Leica binoculars (10x42 BA) were used to identify the birds while for indirect observation, birds were identified through their calls. Data on bird were recorded in a standardsurvey form used by DWNP Bird specieswere identified based on MNS (2005), Robson (2000), Jeyarajasingam(1999),King (1998) and Abdul Rahman (1981) with the help of field assistant, Hamdon Tak who has vast experiencein bird identiflcation. A total of 34 species of birds from 21 families were recotded during the survey in the three forest reserves of Pangkor Island from 5thto 71hMay 2009. In decreasingorder of the species composition, the 21 families were Pycnonotidae(5 sp.), Accipitridae and Sturnidae (each 3 sp), Bucerotidae, Campephagidae,Turdidae, Nectariniidae and Dicaeidae (each 2 sp), Phasianidae, Rallidae, Columbidae, Alcedinidae, Meropidae, Picidae, Oriolidae, Corvidae, Timaliidae, Sylviidae, Monarchidae, Passeridaeand Estrildidae (each I sp). The list ofbird speciesrecorded in the area is shown in Appendix 1. A total of 15 speciesfrom 13 families were recorded from Pangkor Utara Forest Reserve while Sungai Pinang Forest Reserve recorded a total of 26 speciesfrom l8 families. Pangkor Selatan Forest Reserve recorded a total of 13 speciesfrom l0 families. The diversity of bird in Sungai Pinang Forest Reservewas the highest while the diversity for Pangkor Utara Forest Reserveand Pangkor SelatanForest Reservewete about the same. Sungai Pinang ForestReserve,the biggest forest reserve on the island, is expected to accommodate more species compared to the other two due to the availability of large habitat. Nevertheless,repeated survey will provide better indication of the biodiversity of avifauna on th€ island. Six speciesfrom five families were only recorded in Sungai Pinang Forest Reserve. Meanwhile, six speciesfrom six families were recorded in all three reserves. Among the speciesof interest was the Great Argus. This speciesis identified through its call, in all reserves. Shorebirdwas not recordedduring this study. Further study can be done during migratory season which is from August to April to record migratory shorebird specieson the island. A total of 25 speciesare listed under Wildlife Conservation Act 2010 lAct 7161. From this, 22 speciesare Totally Protectedwhile the rest are Protected. In addition, a total of three speciesare listed as Near Threatened,under the IUCN Red Data List, namely Great Argus, Great Hornbill and Buff-vented Bulbul.. 4 Ch?.klirt of Bidt 4t lhr?? Fores! Rp"ene, OfPangkor hland, Perak. 73. CONCLUSIONS In this study,a total of34 speciesfrom 21 familieswererecordedin pangkorIslandfrom 5'hto 7th May 2009. The resultsare listedasfollows: r. ii. iii. iv. Pycnonotidaeisthemostcommonfamilythroughouttheisland. SungaiPinangForestReserverecordedthehighestspesiescon.rposition with 26 species(18families)comparedto theothertwo forestreserves. GreatArgus,listedasNearThreatened underIUCN ReddataList wasrecorded in the threereserves. A total ofthree specieswerelistedunderIUCN Red DataList and25 soecies werelistedunderWildlife ConservationAct 19'12lAcr2161. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. The authorswould like to thank Hj. Nawayaiyasak (Director of Biodiversityconservation Division, DWNP), Mrs. shabrinaMohd. Shariff (Director of perak DWNp) and the Forestrv Departmentof PeninsularMalaysia,for supportingthis study. The authorswould also like to thankMr. Khairul NizamKamaruddin,Mr. Fa.ozul Azimzainal Abidin, Mr. HamidiJamaluddin, Mr. Mohd.SafarulShahidanfor their cooperation andthe organizingcommitteefor their support andassistance duringthe expedition. REFERENCES Abdul RahmanIsmail, (1981).senarai nama-namaburung semenanjungMalaysiadan Asia Tenggara.Kuala Lumpur: JabatanpERHILITAN. Jeyarajasingam, A. & Pearson, A. (1999). Afetd guideto thebirdsofwestMalaysioqndSingqpore. Oxford:OxfordUniversitypress. King et al. (1998\.Birds ofsouth-eastAsiq.Ho\gKong: periplusEdition Ltd. MNs-Birds conseryationcouncil. (2005).A checkristof the birds of Maraysia-conservation PublicationNo.2.KualaLumpur:MalaysianNatureSociety. Robson,c. (2000).1feld guide to thebirdsofsouth-eastAsra.London:New Hollandpublishers (uK) Ltd.. Table1: Surveyroutes Route Leogth (m) Denai I. Pangkor Utara Forest Reserve. 1,949. Denai 2. Sungai Pinang Forest Reserve. Denai 3. Sungai Pinang Forest Reserve. 764 663. Denai 5. Sungai Pinang Forest Reserve. 548. Rah"luh Ilias & Handotl Tak. H. s+'!-!. e.t. Lagand P.hglo{ gara0on. ?aart. 112t22 aromt a-rlr I m oer lotar ! !trrrr.1 1616 I. l+:lt. rl l l l !. !tr r 1l. tr rrr. itl :r:(D. otfhdEaral-ltrb. Lt6. Denaj : Sun ey Routes. Figure 1r Location of survey routes in PangkorUtara Forcst Rcscrve,Sungai Pinang Forcst Reserveand Pangkor Selatal1Forest Rcscrvc. A Checklist of Birds At Three Forest Rese,-ves OfPangkor hland, Perak. Appendix 1: Bird speciesrecorded in Pangkor Island according to familt protection statusand conservatronstatus Bil.. Pangkor Sg. Pangkor Utara Pinang Selatan Act 716 FR FR FR. Famili/Spesies. IUCN. Accipirfidae Haliastur indus. Lang Merah. Brahminy Kite. 2. Haliaeelus leucogastet". Lang Siput. White-bellied Sea-eagle. l. Spilornis cheela. Lang Berjambul. Crested Serpent-eagle. +. TP. TP +. +. TP. +. TP. Phasianidae. 4. Argusianusargus Kuang Raya GreatArgus Rallidae. 5. Amaurotnis pnoenlcurus. lRuak-ruak I. +. t. Whitebreasted Waterhen. NT. P. Columbidae 6. Streptopelia chinensis. Merbok Balam. SpottedDove. +. NP. Alcedinidae. '7. Halcyoh smyrne sis. lPekaka I B"lrrku.. Whitethroated Kingfisher. TP. Mercpidae 8. Merops viridis. Berek-berek Blue-throated Tadah Bee-eater Hujan. TP. TP. Bucerctidae. 9. Anthracoceros albirostris. Enggang Belulang. lndian/ OrientalPied Hornbill. l0. Buceros bicornis. Enggang Papan. Great Hornbill. .t. White-bellied Woodp€cker. +. +. TP. Picidae. Dryocopus javensis. lBelatok lGajah. TP. Campephagidae. I2. -------------_ Latagenigra Hirundo tahitica. lsuutoffi Sualo Batu. TP Pacific Swallow. +. TP. NT. Rahmah llias & Hamdon Tak. Pychonotidae I4. Pyctloiotus goiavier. Merbah Kapur. Yellow-vented Bulbul. +. NP. I). Pycflo otus simplex. Merbah Mata Putih. Cream-vented Bulbul. +. TP. 16. Pycnonotus brunneus. Merbah Mata Merah. Red-eyed Bulbul. t7. Pycnonotus erythropthalmos. Merbah Kecil. Spectacled Bulbul. 18. Iole oliracea. Merbah Riang. Buff-vented Bulbul. +. Dendang Selayang. Black-naped Oriole. +. +. TP TP NP. Oriolidae. l9. Oriolus chirensis. +. TP. Corvidae. 20. Corvus mactorhynchos. 2l. Malacopteron magtlttostte. Large-billed Gagak Paruh Besar Caow. NP. Rimba Bermisai. Moustached Babbler. TP. Timaliidae. Turdidae. +. +. +. P. 22. Copsychus malabaricus. Murai Rimba/ Batu. White-rumped Shama. 23. Copsychus saularis. Murai Kampung. MagpieRobin. Cekup Paruh Kuning. Yellow-bellied Warbler. TP. Sambar Ekor Panjang. Asian Paradise Flycatcher. TP. +. Syhiidae. 24. Abroscopus superciliaris Monarchidae. 21. Tetpsipho e paradisi Stumidae. 26. Aplonis panayensis. t/rstts. Tiong Gembala Kerbau. Common Myna. Gracula religiosa. TiongMas. Hill Myna. 2',7 Acridothetes. 28. Nectoriniidae. NP. Philippine/ Perling MataMerah AsianGlossy Starling +. NP. P. NT. A Checklist of Bids At Thtee Forcst Resen)es OfPangkor hland, Perak. 29. Anthreptes. 30 jugularis. 77. Kelicap Mayang Kelapa. Brcwnthroated Sunbird. Kelicap Bukit. Olive-backed Sunbird. +. TP. TP. Dicaeidae. 31. Prionochilus maculatus Dicaeutu. YellowI Sepah lPuteriRaja breasted Flowerpecker Sepah Puteri Merah. +. Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker. TP. TP. Passeridae Passgr m6414rrt. Ciak Urasia EurasianTreesparrow. +. NP. Esttildidae. 34. Lonchura. Legend: * TP P NP Act 716 IUCN NT. PipitPinang Scaly-breasted Munia. : Present = TotallyProtected = Protected : Not Protected = Wildlife Conservation Act 2010 = IUCN RedDataList : NeatThreaten. NP.