b
HOH FOO KONG lllecwlber 19%
(c)HohFooKmg. l!M,AURights~.
Sekolah Siswazah ( G r a d u a t e S c h o o l ) Universiti Utara Malaysia
PERAKUAN KERJA TENS
(Certification Of Thesis Work)
Kami, yang bertandatangan, memperakukan bahawa (We, the undersigned, certify that)
HcxilxnmG
calon untuk ijazah
(candidate for the degree ofi Master of Science (Management) telah mengemukakan tesisnya yang bertajuk
(has presented his/her thesis of the following title)
ENTREPRENEURIAL INCLINATION AM(=IJGSECXNDARY-LTEA-OF KUALAt4UMYAN
seperti yang tercatat di muka surat tajuk dan kulit tesis (as it appears on the title page and front cover of thesis)
bahawa tesis tersebut boleh diterima dari segi bentuk serta kandungan, dan meliputi bidang ilmu dengan memuaskan.
(that the thesis is acceptable in form and content, and that a satisfactory knowledge of the field is coverd by the thesis).
AJK Tesis (Thesis Committee) Nama ASSOC. Prof. Dr. Add YaSeen
(Name)
(Penyelia Utama/Principal Superviiwr)
Nama(Name) Lim chee thee
Nama Tandatangan
(Name) (Signature)
Tarikh
(Date) /o - 1 2 a rQq6
P - I O N T O U S E
Rcqmts fix pelYh&mtocQpyortomakcothcruBeof~inthis~in wholeorinpartehouldbeaddmsedto:
Dean of Gfaduah School u-UtaraMalarysia
06010 shtok
Akat ukw y a n g d@nakun ten&i daripak &a bah@an; Bahagian A clan Bahagian B. Bahagkan A burtqjnan mengumpd makkmd &mqgr& manakdk Bahagian B i#igw&n nntnk meqydxr kcedrungan keusahcwman ?wpon&n.
Bdqgi’Bakatukwtni cMdwai&~skJaOrie~i~
htusahawanan yang dihasfh olkh Robinson et al (1991), Sh& kkcedwgan Am Keusa ytq &h&&an c&h D&am Uniwst@ Business Mud
(1988) dh dat ukwr Bard&a (1992).
Data yang dkwnpui t&h c&andtsti &qan menggudwn kaedkah t-test i&n ANOVA sadu arah nntuk menentkan kwan &i-&i &mqgrq# k e a&as
kc%~rongankeus~Panns 0.05 t&h dit%taphanssbogai tahapsw
untuk membuat keptwan msngenai ht*is.
Ber&sarh &pa&an hqjian, cadangawadangan unti kqkan farzlfutcm tekd
yang mmzncangprogrom iteswakawanan ’
. . . m
The present SW& investigated the rntLipprrrmrial inckaticm ofsec;andarv SCM
haders in KwakrMnt&z Y&L Spec$cal& it aimed to investigate the rekvtkmsh@s between entrep-’al tnclination andthepersonal charac&$sti~~, fmi&-ekzted f-P e?#vimment~,andti~ qfseconhy school teacher8 qf
KiiaklM.Yan.
In or&r to carry out this research, a &wr@ive qawnti~ stu& was carried out.
The units cfan+is are the SW schad teachers cfKitaka Muda Yon. Three hundred and thiwtwo teachers wers inch&d in the stn& through a mbination qf strat$ed randiwn sampiing cind cfommi- smgdiing. Questionnatres were distribnti to target res~~pers~ or through the school Ainistrators.
Therespcmeratewars90.6%.
The instrwnent used -&ted oftw parts; part A and part B. Part A was usedfw a hmographic survey and Part B wav used to me-e the entiprenewial inclination sfthe respon&n& The iat& part dthe insirument was &ted&m the Entrepreneurial Attiti Orienkatkm 5%x& dsvslopod by Robinsm (1991), the General Enbvpreneuriai Tend&y &eloped by the Durham Universi@ Business School (I 988), and Barcelona ‘s (I 992) swvey.
Data were analysed using the t-test and one way ANOVA to &ermine the dkreremxs in demographic char&ristics and their fleets on the entrepreneuriai inclination qf~~hers. The 0.05 keel ofsi&n+ance was wed as the critical kvet
fm
dkcisions regarding the lppc&esa.This s&u&
fd that
sign&ant werences in entrepreneurial inckztion among teachers could be seen au&v three fm tested They are monthly income of the ibacher, k4y pa& held by the teacher and business experience out&ii& school. The other factors fsstsd cd0 not appear to have sign$cant dects on the en~preneuria~inclination qfthe teachers.
Based on iire findings, suggestions forjkrther research and recommendations fop
&ision makers in poiicy
fmation
or enbwpreneurship akvebpment programmes have been fmardkd.ACIUWWLEDGEMENT
Thew&efwi&eflto aclwwk+and$raalrthosewholnade~theeiapoesibte.
1. To Assock& Rofessor Dr. Adei Yawn, theais twpehor, Miss Lim Cbee thee, second at#gmkr, ad - Dr. Mibndre wini” B
Rw434
RwwchM~Iecturer,fatheirguidanct,,andandffor thecompk&mof~tficsis.
4. TotheFxbatkmPhy&ngandRcaamhDeparlment,Iblin&yofEducation,the KedahStatc~depsrtmcnt,acuitheIrc$oolswhichparticipatedinthe
tlamey, fmthcirpxmiwbn tocamyoutthe~,andtolheteach~whohad l-eqm&dtothtqlu#dioanabrt,for~coloperatian.
5. TothcPkipalofS.MSg.Layar, theS&arAseietwtsofS.M. S.Pasir, SM.
Batu Lima, SM. Gum, and S.M. Gum &mped& MdmMayKbor,Mr.
Balasundram,Mr.RaqjitShgh,andMrPrasadfath&as&tanwin disbibutiagancua conec~thequcstiomrainaintheirschode.
4. TomycoumemateaChanKearKeow,T~~S~ AUisonLeeGlmW4 YunWengKon&CburgFuiCbin,MobdOtkmrnYuaoff,Atlrt~~d LlmBeeLeewhohadhc@dinmanyway6toficibtcthecompletionoftfris thesis.
V
PIWMiWONTQusE ABSTRAK
AEWIRACT
AKNOW UST OF TABLES LIsToFFK3uREs
I INTRODUCTION
1.1
-aftishrdy
1.2 St&IlXWOfproManr 1.3 DChlithOfTCffnS 1.4 RolWKChobjactiv#, 1.5 ResarrchpuesbEaaa
1.6 - -
1.7 RtxwanhModel
1.8 S~oftheSbudy
1.9 . . .
-0fthcshrdy
WP ii . . . m iv
V
X
xii
1
1
3 3 5 7
9 :
11 ‘:
1 2 1 3
vii
2.23
2.2.6 2.2.7
228
IlI RESEARC!HDESIt3NANDMETHODOLDGY 3 . 1 Soummof-
3.1.1 unitof- 3.1.2 Pqlation
3.1.3 Sample&m Tccdmkpc
p4F
1 4
1 4 25 26
29
3 1
33 34
3 5 49
52
5 6 5 6 5 6 5 6 5 7
-
3.2 TbcRaqmnb&
3.3 Da$iB~,T~.
3.3.1 TheIlwmmm&
33.2 P&t Study 3.3.3 Data(lTdhth 3.4 Data Andy&ii Tedmiquc
3.4.1 clitdau6cd~Dbcieioa~
Iv PRESENTATION AND DISCWHON OF FINDIIWS 4.1 l?h&tpand~
4.1.1 pcmonal- 4.1.2 Family Related Factom 4.1.3 Emriromnar&1FIctors 4.1.4 work-
v f$IMWWY, CONCUJSION, AND RECOIbfMENDA~ONS
5.1 SInmnary 5.2 Con&&n
pass 60 64 64 68 69
72 73 74 74 75 8 7 100 106
113
113 117 125 131 137 138 153
ix
153
Table No. Tii
p4F
3 . 3 DidbuthofT~~toschoofe
3.4 D of QQlahmh Items (Iadbpaadwrt VM)
Eaclhnahon of Male and Female TCMChU#
4.3 OfEthtlidtywith~ .
4.4 ofI3duamd Lewdwith.
4.5 AMlynisofvorinaEefor~~with
- -
5 8 5 9 62 66
67
71 76
7 8
8 0
8 2
84
86
8 8
Table No. LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED) Title
4.8 Meat& standard Deviation scores, and t-vahles for Entrepreneurial Incm of Teachers with Mothers Who are Housewks and Teachers W& Working Mothem
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
Analyb of Variance of Father’s Education with Entrepreneuriallnclination
Analyh of Vaknce of Mother’s Education with EnlreprmeurialInclination
Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values for Entrepreneurial Inclination of Awilabibty of Capital from Family Members and Non-f- Memlxm
Analyis of Variance of Birth order with Entrepreneurial Inclination
Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values fix Entrepreneurial In&nation of Teach- Who Reside in the Rural Area and Teachers Who Reside in the Urban AreaDuringtheirYouth
Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values for EntrepreneuriaI Jnclination of Teachem Who Reside in the Rural Area and Teachers Who Reside in the Urban Artabllilkgtheil-AdUlthood
Analyis o f Vaknce o f S u b j e c t s T a u g h t w i t h Entrepreneurial Inclination
Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values for Entrepreneurial Inclination of Teachers Who Hold Key Posts and Teachers Who Do Not Hold Key Posts in
School
Analyfs of valiance of Len&& of service with EntrepreneurialInc%nation
Mean, Standard Deviation Scores, and t-values for Entrepreneurial Inclination of Teachers With Business Exgxxience and Teachem Without T&hem Experience outside School
page 90
92 94
%
9 8
1 0 0
1 0 3
1 0 5
1 0 7
1 0 9
111
xi
LIST I 6r VIGURES
Figure . No.
1.1
Title
Schematic Diagram Showing the Relationship Between Personal Characteristics, Famiiy-related Factors, Environmental Factors, and Work Experience and Entrepreneurial Inclination Among Secondary Scholl Teachers of Kuala Muda Yan
2.1 The Operations Involved in Constructing the Questionnaire (Appendix II) in Order to Help IdenQ a Possible Measure of @ntrepreneurial Inclination
3.1 Distribution of Respondents According to Rack and Sex 3.2 Distribution of Respondents According to Age Group 3.3 Distribution of Respondents According to Monthly Income 3.4 Di&ibution of Respondents According to Educational Level
Pag&
11
51
61 61
6 3 64
xii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1 . 1 Background of the 8tuciy
This study atbpted to ident@ the factors that are associated with entrepreneurial inclination. It would attempt to investigate the entrepreneuzial inclination among teachers in the Kuala Muda Yan district. An entrepreneur is&finedas%omeonewhoper&vesanoppntu@ a n d c r e a t e s a n organization to pmue it” @ygrakqlWl). Enlrepreneufial potential is a latent ability of individuals, regardless of their c-t job, to become an entfepmeur.
InFe~1991,DrMahathirMohamadoutlinedthcviaionofMalaysiato
be a w developed and klustklized nation by the year 2020. One of the challcngtsMalaysia~tofactinhereff~to~~~thievisionisto develop an economy that is competitive, dynamic, robust and Hent. One of the strategies to meet this challenge by the govenunentisto~de entrepreneurial development and skills traiuiq (Abdul41993).
Entreprenekal development will result in the setting up of more small and medium enterpkzs. These economic entities will not only complement
1
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