A Framework to Protect Unique Cultural Product using Blockchain Technology
Muhammad Hassif Imran Bin Muhammad Harris Irwan
Bachelor of Computer Science with Honours (Software Engineering)
2019
A Framework to Protect Unique Cultural Product using Blockchain Technology
Muhammad Hassif Imran Bin Muhammad Harris Irwan
This project is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Computer Science with Honours
Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK
2019
Rangka Kerja untuk memelihara Produk Budaya Unik menggunakan Teknologi Blockchain
Muhammad Hassif Imran Bin Muhammad Harris Irwan
Projek ini merupakan salah satu keperluan untuk
Ijazah Sarjana Muda Sains Komputer dan Teknologi Maklumat dengan Kepujian
Fakulti Sains Komputer dan Teknologi Maklumat UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK
2019
i
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project is my original work. I have not copied from any other student’s work or from any other sources except where due to reference or acknowledgment is not made explicitly in the text, nor has any part had been written for me by another person.
______________________________
(Muhammad Hassif Imran Bin Muhammad Harris Irwan)
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my appreciation to those who have guided me throughout this project development. Firstly, special thanks to Associate Professor Dr. Johari Bin Abdullah, who is my supervisor and Dr Adnan Sahid Khan, who is my examiner for this project that guided and given precious advice to complete this project to the best I can. Besides, I am also thankful towards Final Year Project coordinator, Professor Dr Wang Yin Chai for preparing useful talks and lectures. Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to my family and friends who had supported me mentally and physically throughout the project development.
iii ABSTRACT
Songket market in Sarawak have been established since 1970, making it one of the longest existing market product. Songket perseverance is essential to ensure the originality of the artwork in the community. An effort can be done by encouraging the community to report pirated pattern. However, the method available does not lessen the case of pirated pattern in the songket market. Songket in Sarawak are mainly copied by other irresponsible people. By creating a new system that can detect the ownership of the songket pattern, this will increase the value of the songket pattern. The proposed system is to help the creator of the songket to preserve their songket pattern. Method used to develop the system are waterfall model to make it easy to develop the system. By using this methodology, tools and technologies like Ethereum Studio and Solidity programming language are used. The main objective is to preserve the authenticity of the produced songket. A system that can prevent the pirated songket from being sell in the market are achieved. Things that motivate me to develop this system are the producer of songket who can’t sell their songket properly since there’s counterfeit songket product in the market.
.
iv ABSTRAK
Pasaran songket di Sarawak telah lama ditubuhkan , iaitu sejak 1970 dan ini membuatkan pasaran songket adalah salah satu pasaran yang telah lama ada. Corak songket sangat penting untuk dipelihara supaya corak songket kekal asli. Usaha yang boleh dilakukan untuk memelihara keaslian songket adalah dengan membuat laporan bagi corak songet yang dicetak rompak. Walaubagaimanapun, usaha ini masih tidak dapat membanteras sepenuhnya aktiviti cetak rompak ini. Oleh itu, sebuah sistem yang dapat mengesahkan keaslian songket perlu dicipta. Dengan ada sistem ini, nilai songket dapat ditingkatkan. Sistem ini dicipta bagi membantu penenun songket untuk mejaga keaslian songket mereka. Kaedah yang digunakan adalah “waterfall model” bagi memudahkan proses membangunkan sistem yang telah diusulkan. Dengan menggunakan kaedah ini, alat dan teknologi seperti “Ethereum Studio” dan
“Solidity Programming Language” telah digunakan. Objektif utama adalah untuk memelihara keaslian songket. Sistem yang dapat memelihara keaslian songket telah dicapai melalui sistem ini. Perkara yang memacu saya untuk membangunkan sistem ini adalah peniaga songket yang tidak dapat berniaga dengan adil kerana terdapatnya produk songket cetak rompak yang berada di dalam pasaran
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii
ABSTRACT iii
ABSTRAK iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES vii
LIST OF TABLES ix
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Problem Statement 1
1.3 Objectives 2
1.4 Procedure / Methodology 3
1.5 Scope 3
1.6 Project Significance 4
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 Introduction 5
2.2 Review on Similar Existing Systems 5
2.3 Review on Features in Existing System 2.3.1 Access data
2.3.2 Real-time data 2.3.3 Security
2.3.4 User Management
6 6 8 11 14
2.4 Review on Technologies Used in Existing Systems 17
2.5 Direction of Proposed System 18
2.6 Review on Technologies for Proposed System 2.6.1 Microsoft Windows
2.6.2 Progressive Web App
2.6.3 HTML,CSS,PHP and JavaScript 2.6.4 Google Cloud Services
2.6.5 Anaconda 2.6.6 Virtual Machine 2.7 Summary
21 21 22 23 23 23 24 25 CHAPTER 3: REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 26
3.1 Introduction 26
3.2 Methodology 26
3.2.1 Exploration
3.2.1.1 Requirement Analysis 3.2.1.2 Analysis of Current
3.2.1.3 Analysis of Proposed System
26 27 32 32
3.2.2 Planning 32
3.2.3 Prototype 33
vi 3.2.4 Productionizing
3.2.5 Maintenance
33 33 3.3 Software Requirement
3.4 Hardware Requirement 3.5 Basic Requirement for Users 3.6 Functional Requirement 3.7 Non-functional Requirement 3.8 System Architecture
3.9 System Design 3.9.1 Context Diagram 3.9.2 Level 0 Diagram 3.9.3 Level 1 Diagram
3.9.3.1 Process Manage User 3.9.3.2 Process Manage Product 3.9.3.3 Process View Product 3.10 Database Design
3.10.1 Data Dictionary 3.11 Interface Design
3.11.1 Guest User Interface 3.11.2 Administrator Interface 3.11.3 User Interface
34 35 35 36 36 37 38 38 39 40 41 42 43 43 44 45 45 47 48
3.12 Summary 48
CHAPTER 4: SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING 49
4.1 Introduction 49
4.2 Development Tools 49
4.3 System Implementation 49
4.3.1 Ethereum Studio 50
4.3.2 Landing page 51
4.3.3 Creation Page 53
4.3.4 Inventory Page 55
4.3.5 Sell Songket 57
4.3.6 Transfer Songket 59
4.4 Testing 61
4.4.1 Functionality Testing 61
4.4.2 Usability Testing 66
4.5 Summary 70
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 71
5.1 Introduction 71
5.2 Achievement 71
5.3 Limitations and Constraints 71
5.4 Future Works 72
5.5 Conclusion 72
REFERENCES 73
vii
APPENDIX A 74
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Electronic Copyright Office - Window of copyright details 7 Figure 2.2 Intellectual Property Australia - Window of application details 7 Figure 2.3 Companies of Intellectual Property Commission - Window of
Enterprise list
8 Figure 2.4 Electronic Copyright Office - Window of payment details 9 Figure 2.5 Intellectual Property Australia - Window of application details 10 Figure 2.6 Companies of Intellectual Property Commission - Window of Enterprise
list
11 Figure 2.7 Electronic Copyright Office - Window of login page 12 Figure 2.8 Intellectual Property Australia - Window of login page 12 Figure 2.9 Companies of Intellectual Property Commission - Window Login 13 Figure 2.10 Electronic Copyright Office - Window of profile page 14 Figure 2.11 Intellectual Property Australia - Screenshot of application status
(profile)
Figure 2.12 Companies of Intellectual Property Commission - Window Login Figure 2.13 Operating System Visited W3Schools in August 2019
15 16 22
Figure 3.1 First Question 27
Figure 3.2 Second Question 28
Figure 3.3 Third Question 28
Figure 3.4 Fourth Question 29
Figure 3.5 Fifth Question 29
Figure 3.6 Sixth Question 30
Figure 3.7 Seventh Question 30
Figure 3.8 Eight Question 31
Figure 3.9 Ninth Question 31
Figure 3.10 Blockchain architecture 37
Figure 3.11 Context Diagram 38
Figure 3.12 Level 0 Diagram 39
Figure 3.13 Level 1 Diagram 41
Figure 3.14 Level 1(2) Diagram 42
Figure 3.15 Level 1(3) Diagram 43
Figure 3.16 ERD Diagram 43
Figure 3.17 Login Page 45
Figure 3.18 QR Code Scanner Page 46
Figure 3.19 Pattern Details Page 46
Figure 3.20 List of Owner Page 47
Figure 3.21 Pattern Submission Page 48
Figure 4.1 Ethereum Studio IDE 50
Figure 4.2 Landing Page in mobile view 51
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Figure 4.3 Landing Page in Desktop view 52
Figure 4.4 Transaction of Page Deploy 52
Figure 4.5 Creation Page 53
Figure 4.6 Creation Page Successful 54
Figure 4.7 Create Songket Transaction 54
Figure 4.8 Inventory Page 55
Figure 4.9 Inventory Page 56
Figure 4.10 Account Details 56
Figure 4.11 Button window 57
Figure 4.12 Pop-up sold notification 57
Figure 4.13 Sell Songket Transactions 58
Figure 4.14 Pop-up Confirmation 58
Figure 4.15 Pop-up Notifications 58
Figure 4.16 Pop-up Box Input 59
Figure 4.17 Pop-up Box Input with address 59
Figure 4.18 Pop-up Notifications 59
Figure 4.19 Default Account Inventory List 60
Figure 4.20 Account 1 Inventory List 60
Figurer 4.21 CryptoSongket Transfer Transaction 61
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Table of Features
Table 2.2 Table of Technology Used
Table 2.3 Table of Features for Proposed System
Table 2.4 Table of Technology Used for Proposed System
17 18 20 24
Table 3.1 Software requirement for development 34
Table 3.2 Hardware requirement for development 35
Table 3.3 USER table for Blockchain Framework 44
Table 3.4 Data Dictionary 44
Table 4.1: Test case for Create Songket 62
Table 4.2: Test case for View Songket 62
Table 4.3: Test case for Sell Songket 63
Table 4.4: Test case for Transfer Songket 64
Table 4.5: Test case for Create Songket Page 66
Table 4.6: Test case for View Songket Page 67
Table 4.7: Test case for Sell Songket Page 68
Table 4.8: Test case for Transfer Songket Page 69
Table 5.1 The achievement of the respective objectives 71
1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction
An intellectual’s fear is stolen ideas and property. Patent by definition is in period of limited years, invention of intellectual property can’t be copied, made, used and sold. Idea patenting is a major concern nowadays, but the focus of idea patenting is more focused on big industries compared to small industries. Small industries however have the full potential to scale up globally through time if no potential idea, invention, artwork and others stolen. People within small industries faced this problem globally. There is no real concern for small community that preserve art from their older generations and exposure for this cultural artwork is on a very minimum scale. Their artwork can be copied easily by others, making it is difficult to verify the originality of the artwork. This problem makes it hard for owners to sell their product. There are many ways to overcome this problem however the current solution is still on the minimum scale which will not ensure the safety of the product.
1.2 Problem Statement
Artwork like “songket” in Sarawak are mainly copied by other irresponsible people.
All the while, the focus of idea patenting was on big industries, especially technology industries. There is no governing standard on songket artwork regulations in Sarawak. In terms of marketing the songket , there are almost no any rules regarding the copyright of the artwork.
Furthermore, cultural art exhibition usually will find the similar type of pattern for the songket in the exhibition itself. This creates an issue in the cultural artwork society since each of the owner claims the artwork belongs to them and the issue here are a real problem to be solved.
2 1. Limited copyright
The current marketing scheme is user can sell whether in art exhibition or in their own shop. However, the features are still lacking of copyright issue which leads to same pattern of songket from different seller or shop.
2. Lack of records
The current way of storing the data is user still store in a legacy system where book and papers are used. The main problem occurs when the book decomposed or decay which making it hard to track the record. This will lead to hesitant for the consumer to buy the songket product.
1.3 Objectives
The main objective of this project is to design and develop a framework for protecting unique cultural product using blockchain system.
Other objectives include:
1. To design and develop a front-end system to allow for customer to check on the authenticity of the cultural product.
2. To allow owner of cultural/heritage product to submit their design through a web based system.
3. To design a tracking system which allow user to retrieve the artwork record from the system in real-time.
3 1.4 Procedure / Methodology
The methodology that uses in this project is based on waterfall approach model. This model is suitable for this application with blockchain framework as there’s no existing system for now. The basic user requirement are clearly known based on the songket production.
Therefore, the proposed system shall handle the requirements collected. The process will develop the proposed system which will save time and develop a strong strucuture.
.At the initial stage, exploration is begun by gathering new requirements from target user, the community from the songket production line. Meetings and discussions will lead to the production of requirement list. Based on the requirements, the time need is estimated and skills needed is accessed to produce the system. Next, the planning phase and date of releasing the system are agreed within the community. System will be tested during development period until the main goal is achieved.
1.5 Scope
Targeted user for this project are:
1) Songket Producer
• Create new record
• Track record 2) Consumer
• Verify originality
This new framework will implement new features below:
4
A) Create a list of new record and track record by using the web application developed based in Sarawak
B) Verify the originality of the product by using web application developed based in Sarawak
1.6 Project Significance
The main significance of the project is to protect the artwork of the songket for the small community in rural area. Some other significance include:
1. Making use of the blockchain technology in Malaysia 2. Introducing IT-based solution to rural areas
3. Exposing the benefit of technology to the community.
5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction
In this chapter, two existing systems with similar features are selected to be studied and reviewed. There are solutions available commercial that allow the user to manage artwork.
These systems are designed for many types of election such as painting , audio records and video records. The main purpose for the system is to patent and make copyright for the artwork.
However, this app makes a new standardized platform for artwork copyright instead of conventional system. Upon reviewing, comparison of the system features has been done. Next, the features included in the proposed system are reviewed. A summary of the review is at the end of this chapter.
2.2 Review on Similar Existing Systems
This section will briefly describe the selected system for this chapter.
The first system is United States Copyright Office. United States Copyright Office is a Electronic Copyright Office (eCO) made by the US government to copyright work online. The system register your artwork by paying a sum of money. Once payment is made, a deposit copy of the work must be uploaded into the system. After submitted, the result of application will be replied through email. Applicants can check through email for the verification of the process.
Next, Intellectual Property Australia. Intellectual Property Australia (IP Australia) is a institution that provide strong legal infrastructure to prevent exploitation of intellectual property. This institution will guide how to register a copyright of the artwork based in
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Australia. Online services from the system will assist user to make a complaint regarding of copied work from others.
The last system chosen is Companies and Intellectual Property Commission. Companies and Intellectual Property Commission South Africa (CIPC South Africa) is based in South Africa. This government organization provides guideline how to register your product via online or paperwork. Many of the system features are user-friendly and will assist you throughout the process.
2.3 Review on Features in Existing System
This section discuss system features in the existing systems. There are 3 system are selected and 4 features that will be reviewed and compared between the three similar systems.
2.3.1 Access data
The electronic copyright office allow admin to manage artist database that helps to manage the artwork copyright. Besides, the system provide current data which are continually updated. Filter search is also embedded in these systems to improve the efficiency of targeted artwork in the database. Electronic copyright office provides copyright segment that allows admin to drill down the owner’s information.
However, the accessibility of the data is secured which means only authorized user, such as admin is allowed to access the owner’s data. System administrator updates the owner’s data if there’s a change of information for the registered work for copyright.
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Figure 2.1: Electronic Copyright Office - Window of copyright details
(Adapted from Electronic Copyright office, 2019)
As shown in Figure 2.1, Electronic Copyright Office allows user to see the details of the license number via a list view. The details consist of License Number , License Expires, Doing Business As, Department, Type, Status, Effective and License Name that are storing the details of the owner for the product.
Figure 2.2: Intellectual Property Australia - Window of application details (Adapted from IP Australia, 2019)
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As shown in Figure 2.2, IP Australia allows user to see the details of the application via a list view. The details consist of Application Number, License Title, Applicant(s), Inventor(s), Filling date and Application status that are storing the details of the owner for the product applied.+
Figure 2.3: Companies of Intellectual Property Commission - Window of Enterprise list
(Adapted from CIPC South Africa, 2019)
As shown in Figure 2.3, CIPC South Africa allows user to see the details of the Enterprise via a list view. The details consist of Enterprise Number, Enterprise Name, Status, AR Complaint and Apply status that are storing the details of the enterprise.
2.3.2 Real-time Data
Real-time data is automatically and dynamically updated its data in the database.
Providing timely and accurate data is compulsory for any types of software. It is more significant if the data is required for immediate analysis. Product application status shall
9
present in real time so there will be no same license number for each of the product. System will approve the product once the payment was made based on FIFO(first in first out) mechanism and license number will be provided. Process will be made after payment have been done.
Figure 2.4 : Electronic Copyright Office - Window of payment details (Adapted from Electronic Copyright office, 2019)
From Figure 2.4, it can be understood that Electronic Copyright Office refresh the page every minute to provide real-time data. This function is important as the user requires viewing the timely data visualize the result for payment.
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Figure 2.5 : Intellectual Property Australia - Window of application details
(Adapted from IP Australia, 2019)
From Figure 2.5 , it can be understood that IP Australia refresh the page every minute to provide real-time data. This function is important as the user requires viewing the timely data visualize the result for application for patent.
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Figure 2.6 : Companies of Intellectual Property Commission - Window of Enterprise list (Adapted from CIPC South Africa, 2019)
From Figure 2.6 , it can be understood that CIPC South Africa refresh the page every minute to provide real-time data. This function is important as the user requires viewing the timely data visualize the result for application for enterprise.
2.3.3 Security
Security is crucial in content management system (CMS) to prevent data stealing and abusing. CMS contains data that may be confidential such as user personal details. Each of the systems allows only registered user to access with different level or permission rights. Thus, the system administrator has assigned access permission for each of the user upon account registration. By having users with different roles , a login is required for normal users and admin. Brute force attacks can be prevented by the system and limiting the number of tries for incorrect username or password can prevent the misuse if accounts of the system.
