KERTAS PEPERIKSAAN - EPrints USM

UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA Peperiksaan Semester Kedua

Sidang Akademik 1999/2000 Februari 2000

HBT 205 - Perkamusan dan Peristilahan (Lexicography and Terminology)

Masa: (3 jamJ

KERTAS PEPERIKSAAN INI :NIENGANDUNGI Ll.J.\1A [5] SOALAN DI DALAM SEMBILAN [9] HALAMAN.

Jawab soalan SATU [1) dan mana-mana TIGA [3] soalan yang lain.

../2-

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[HBT 205]

1. Teks A dan Teks B ialah petikan-petikan darip.ada DUA (2] buah kam.us yang berlainan. Nilaikan kedua-dua petikan tersebut daripada aspek ciri-ciri yang perlu terkandung dalarn sebuah karnus ekabahasa yang baik.

[ 40 rnarkah]

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HBT205

... . ... . . . .... ,. .... .. . , . . . -.. . . ... ... ... ... .... . ... . . . .. ; . . . ... . ... : ^{. .... · . ... ............ ...}. ; ... � .... .... _ _ _

..._. "' ^.

bum,� ⁿ [Cl 1 an !njtJr7 ^or :nark ClUSed by tlre. heat. ^or ac!d: sevt!re/nli:nor burns l=bur:l.S thaure ser-!ous or not senOusl 2 ttle bum ^{informal :1} painful hot feeling in 70ur muscles . ^wh^en you exerdse ³ lot: G.J for w b� 3 �er::.aily Sc:Dr.E ^a .sm.ill .stream

bum..ertb::::n:ll'b::::-n;rin (Cl _{1 AntE} :.he part of:m ov:

£N or heater that; �rodu� beat or :a !lame: a ga.s burnu -^see picrure at FONCIJ"E: GAS �<� Br£ 2 pt.rt sth on the bade burner in/onntJ/ to delay dealln� -:.ith some­

thing wtcil .t later time: We� hnr1 :a ;JUI � cac:uion planS on 1M bacl. bunt£T' b«r:J� of Bob's iU ha:zlth.

bum·ing • t'b:::m1J3'l:J:�:r-! ad/ (only before noun I 1 on fire: You CDUI.d Sl!f! :Jte bW7llnf ^.'lo^use for miles around.

· 2 fel!llng Verf hoc: burnurt{ �.ks 3 burning ambition/need etc .1 verJ stronl{ need etc: burnin�

ambition .'d}l buntins{ ambmon LS co UUJ."el arowzd rhe wor!d.. ^.c burning question/issue ^{.1 verJ impor .. :un} nnd w-:renc quesuon: T,u !1ur.ztn� q�uon is 01114/ Roo Cigrf!J! :D r::Jme!

bumingz adu burning hot ·;ery ^hoc

bur-nish .'b:�::ufll'b:l:r-1 _u m to polish metll Wltil it

sh^{tnes -}bun:ti^siled lllii: !Juntt!hed crJpper

bur-nous ^{Jlso burnoose .4Jr.£} b:::':lu::sijb:�:r·' n (Cj ^l ion� loose dress or coat ·^»on by .-\r:J.b men :md women bum-out ;:,:�;nautil'b:�::-n-/ ⁿ (C.U] 1 ^the tune when ^.l

Roc:<ET (l) or �r:r' (1) has ^dmshed .ill of its ruEL ^{:md stoos} o-per:nin&r 2 ^{a. st:lte in wh ich you} have ^{rumed yoUr} he:tith by ^wo^rkin^{� too} hard: :etu:.':ers su1Jer:ng fmm burnout

burnt' ^,b:�:nt;lb:I:mt/ the past tense and tl3St participle of BUR. ^'I'

bumt2 ooj ^{1 dama�ed or} �urt by bllr.lin!;. The roke·sa lilr!e bzr burnt. [';n ajraui. 2 burnt offering

a) ^{somechin� chat is ctfered as .1 �ifl ;o 3 �d} by !Jein�

burnt on ^.1ll .u.T.\R (1) bl humomu.s ^food that i"OU ^ace:· denully bllr.lt while you -:vere cooking it

burp ,b:J:;:�ilb:�:rp/ ^fJ inlor.nal 1 m ^to pass gas noisily from your st-Jmach out throu� your :nouth; B£LC:I ( ll 2 rn to he!�· l baby to do thlS. �pee!ally by rubbmg ^'JI:' gently hitting its back: ·.vmo• (9) -btU'? ., [Cl

burr ,b:::�:�:r/ ⁿ (CJ 1 a fairly quiet regular sound like something rurnin� quir:!tly; WHIRR: the bun-of ^a sewinq lrlachine 2 ^a way of pronouncing En�ish with ³ stronli 't' sound 3 .lise bur the seed ^con^uiner ^of some plants.

a!Vered with PRICKLES' (1) that make it !tick tn thin�

ur.n.to .b�'ri:t:;ul·lou! ^{n plural} burritos (Cl Me."tic:m dlsb. ^made with a TORTILLA (=tla.c thin ^bread) folded atound ^meat or beans wtth cb�e

ur�ra fbul":lu]'b:s:rou/ ⁿ piun::l burros [C1 e$ptcla.lly Am£ ^{a oomay} (l), usually ^a sm.aJl oⁿe ^{- ·}

ur-row1 fb.u�u('b:s:rou/ a 1 (I always ^• adv/prep. 11 to make a hell! ^or -passa� in the ground: burrowing ^IJ haiei(• into/'IUlder etc} TJu dog rn.anagtd ^tD burrot.D Zlnder tlu!feru::c.. 'l ^{rr always ...} adv/prepJ to p� your body cl�e to someone or under something bec:luse you ,lrant � aet warm. fl!tll safe etc: burrow sth into/

under •etc The baby burrou:ed hu htad into my sht;Ju!.dtr. 3 [1 always + adv/prep) to se.ll'ch for some­

thlng that 1s ^bldden ln a container or under oth^{er things:}

[+ lnto/Uu-ough etc) Helen burrotrtd ln:.ohu podcttfor

• a htsruJJctrch it/

bu^{rrow1 n} [CJ a pnss:1ge in the ground made by a rabbit

• DT' rox1 (1) as a place to live

bur-sar fb:�:s�l'bJ:rs�r/ _n (C) especially BrE ^{someone at a} school or college who deals with the accounts and office work

bur·sa·ry fb:�:s�rifi'b:l:r·/ n [C) ^an amount of money given to someone so that they ^can study at ^a university or col·

lege; SCHOL.AitSHIP .

--···-····-···

burst

.. ^-----···-···-···--·-·--···--····

burst' b:J:sdb:!:nr ^{I v} pa.sr rense and ;;asr parric!plt burst 1 • BR�K OPEN _. [I.Tl ifsomethm� bursts or :fyou burst it. it breaks open or ::tpart suddenly :md 'liolently so that its contents come out: You're zozng to bur.;r tM bai· loon. if you 're nor Cllrrt{uL

2 bursting with so full of something that ^there !s no room for any more: Tlu: barrac.'cs u:ere bursting with Tl!ji.Js,�.

3 • MOVE SUCOENL '! 1 (I 3.1-:vays ^{• adv•?n!PI to} mov� somewttef!' suddenly rJr quic!tl::. �c�.::.Jlly jlto 11r outofa pl^ac^!!: ( ... chrou�hlintoF in �tc: :Jon 'tbursr :nra my bromom wirh.out knoc.'tuzg!

4 burst open to sudd^enly l:le open: The doar ;ursr ^open ro m:rol .-:mn.c:s !zotdinSJ a :ray.

5 be bu�ng to do n^h infbr.rw.l ^:o -:vant ^m do 5ome­

tJunst ·:er:: :nuc!l: .'.fona ·s bur:tznl{ :a :ell ::au :lie ."Yeu-s.

6 be bursting with pridekonficence/energy etc :o be very proud. coruidem etc

7 ^be bursting !nformal ^{to need �o �o w the totlet ·1er::}

soon

8 fuil to .bursting so !\ill th:H �e� :.S no room for :m::

mot"'?: I can ·t ror an}' more. I':n[ull :o bunn;:q.'

9 bursting at the seams :o full rh:H norhm!,l ^... J=e ^�n 'it

!n^sid� -se� :Jlso burst s b ' s bubole(ot:aau:' tSlJ. burst the bubble ' Bl:Onr.:::• (4))

bu� in on/upon :;b, ^Sth phr ^{:1 frl tO} inte�J'PT ^some­

th^{m� J.t :m} �mb:l..r.:lssinE;" ^:noment: I bu.r:sr in ..,n ;he m��r·

int: rhmkm!f !hat rtre room u·a.s t!miJJ:).'.

burst into sthphr v(Tl 1 [QSUddenly betr.n to ^make

a sound. '!Sp'l'C::ll.ly to sun: sin�in�. c:;-:tinl'!. ^or lau�hinlr.

ToU audience bunt in!D app/.ause. ^I burst i.otO '00!;

E�:er::orll! ^on ::he b� bur.:; ^uno son' a.s :s:e gar ciDser ^:o hDme. j ^burst into ^tears Benny suddmly bunt into JRarS. 2 bum imo flames to ^sud,denJy st:m 10 burn V<>ry strougi y: T.'te plcuu crashed tn!D the hlllsld.e and burs' L'Jto f1.a.m.t:;s.

burst out ^{;;hr 11 1} burst out laughing/crying '!tC to ruddenly scare ro Ia� r:ry etc: They all l:runr ,Jut J.aUihinlfCl lhee::tpN:SSicn ^01'1 /urfaa. 2 m tO SUddeniy say ^10meth u� force1\J.lly: ·r don ., lJel!Avt ur � bur.stouc Q1IJj1"tly. -^�also OtmJURSJ' (1) •· : · ^{· : · •} burst3 ⁿ IC1 1 the act or :wmelhin�C bursting ^or the

plaa! where ;t has btm>t: a bur.:t in w ^waur p1� 2 a burst of nh at ^a short rudden elfort l)r ln�-rease in . ae'tivlty: a brurr of $f>M1 on w last !ap b) ^a shan SUd·

• den and usu.a!! y loud sound: mm-p burstS o{:nadii!U! gun jtn ct) ^{a sw�ien} strong feel.lng or emotion: bursu of ,.!JlDhnt umper ^· ·

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TEKS B HBT205

ani·mos·ity (an'a mas' a te}

^n.,

pl. -ties [see Col. J

a

feeling of strong dislike or hatred; hostility

ani·mus (an'� m;s)

^n.

·( L, p

^a

s s io n J animosity; hostility

an

·i o n (an'l'an)

^n.

[

^<

Gr anion, thing

^going

up J a

nega­

t

i

v e l y charged io n

:

in electrolysis, anions move toward the

�ooe .

an·ise (an'is)

^n.

[

^<

Gr anison ]

^{1 a}

dicotyledonous plant related

^to

the umbel 2 its fragrant seed, used for .flavoring:

also an'i ·seed' ( .. i �d')

^�

ani·sette (an'i zet', -set')

n.

[Fr ] a sweet� anise-flavored

liqueur

^·

AD·jou pear (an'joo')

^a

thick,

�n� oval·shaped

pear that rip�� dwmg �e wm�r

^·

� (aiJk}

^n.

1 Egypt. life, soul J a

^cross

with a loop at the top._ an ancient Egyptian symbol of life

an·kle (aiy'kal)

^n.

[ OE anc!eow ]

¹

the joint that connects

. the foot

^{and the}

leg

^{2 the area}

of

^t

h

e leg between

the foot

and calf

anklet (a.IJk'lit) n.

¹

an ornament worn around the ankle 2 a short sock

an·nals (an'al2} n.pl. [

^<

L

^annus.

year ]

^{1 a}

written account of events year by year 2 historical records; his­

tory

-an'nalist n.

an·neal (� nel')

^vt.

[

^<

OE an

^{� p on +}

fl!l, fire j to h ea t

(glass. metals. etc.) and cool slowly

^to

prevent brittleness an ·nelid (an'� lid')

^n.

[

^<

L dim. of anulu.s. a ring ] any of

vanous wormlike animals h2fving long, segmented bodies, in�luding le1:1:hes

an·ne� (� neb··; for

^{n., an'eks') Yt.}

l < L ad�.

^{to +}

nectere,

to

tie fl 1 to attach. esp. to

something larger

2 to incorpo­

rate

in t o

^a

state the

^�rritory

of (another state) -

^{n. some�}

thing anne�ed;

esp

^{. •}

an addition

^to a building

-an·ne:ta·

tion (an'eks a'sh�n}

^n.

an·ni·hi·late (� ni'� lat')

^vt.

-lat'ed. -lat'ing 1

^<

L ad.

^to

+

nihil, nothing J

^to

destroy completely -a.n·ni'hi·la'tion

n.

-an·ni'hi·La ..

^tor

n.

anni·ver·sary (an';

^vur'�

re)

^{n., pl.}

-ries I < L -annus.

year

^{+ uertere�}

to turn ] the

^{yearly return}

of

^the

date of some event - 61dj. o

^f

an

^annive

f3a!Y ·

an·no·tate ( an ·

^'l>

tat')

^{vt •.}

Yi.

^-tat'ed.

-tat'ing I < L ad�, to

+

rwta,

^a

sign ] to provide e�planatory notes for

^-

an

^'

no·

ta"tion _n. -an'no·ta .. tor _n.

an·nounce (a nouns")

^vt.

-nounc�'. -nounc'ing [

^<

L

ad·,

^{to +}

nuntiw. messenger J 1

^to

declare publicly 2 to make known th.e arrival of

^{3 to}

be an announcer for - Yi.

to

^{serve as}

an.uouncer

-an·nounC1tment _n. ^·

an·n9uncer (� uoun'sar)

^n.

one who announce.s;

^specif.,

··

one who introdu';�s radio or television programs

an·noy (a

^{noi') .,t'.}

[

^{< ·}

VL in odio, in hate J

^to

irritate or

bother,

^as

by

^a

repeated action -an·noyance

^{n. -an·}

Doy'ing adj. -an·noy'ingly

�dv. 4 4

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2. Jawab (a) dan (b).

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(a) Teks A dan Teks B ialah miA [2] contoh daripada DUA [2] kamus dwibahasa Inggeris-bahasa :Malaysia. Bandingkan petikan kamus dwibahasa tersebut daripada aspek ciri-ciri kamus dwibahasa yang baik.

(b)

Apakah manfaat yang diperolehi oleh pelajar bahasa khususnya bahasa kedua daripada kamus jenis ini?

[20 markah]

.. /£�

4 5

- 6 TEKS A .

crude ^adj 1. in the raw state, mentah; (of salt> kasar: - opium, candu men tab; - rubber, getah mentah;· 2. roughly made, a. Co{ _, furniture, bomb, etc) kasar buatannya: a -.

lopsided table, meja yg kasar buat.annya dan tinggi sebelah;

b. Co{ drawing, drafi, etc) kasar: - sketches, lakaran kasar; · - estimate, anggaran kasa� 3. simple and rough, kasar: his - manners, caranya yg kasar; - method of punishment, cara menghukum yg kasar; 4. ^vulgar, tdk sopan: -jokes, gurauan yg tdk sopan; ^·

n see CRUDE OIL.

crudeness n q^uality of being, a. ^(roughly made I kasar buatancya: �he - of the drawings, l^ukisan-lukisan yg kasar buatannya: b. (simple and rough I kekasaran. kasar buat­

annya: the - of the workmanship. kerja tangan yg kasar buatannya; the - of his ways, caranya yg kasar.

crude oil ⁿ minyak mentah.

crudity ⁿ 1. see CRUDE..'lESS; 2. crude words or act, [various translations]: his mother d�d not e:rpect such -from him. ibunya tdk menyangka bahawa dia akan begitu kasar.

cruel ^adj 1. unkind. merciless, kejam, zalim; <of words, n!mark, etc> kesat: a - stepmother, ibu tiri yg zalim; he was ^- to animals, dia kejam thdp binatang; - remarks, kata-kata kesat; 2. distressing, meny^ay^at hati: a - sight, pemandarigan yg menyayat hati; a ^- rate, nasib malang;

suffer a - death, mati sengsara.

cruelness ^{n see} CRuELTY <sense l.J.

cruelty ⁿ 1. quality of being cruel, kekejaman. kezaliman:

(of words. remark. etc) kekesatan: a dictator notorious for his -, seorang diktator yg terkenal krn kekejamannya: 2.

cruel act, remark, etc. kekej^aman. kezaliman. penganiaya­

an: the cruelties inflicted in the name ofrelig!on. kekejam­

an yg d^ilakukan atas nama agama: Societ_v ^for the Preeen·

tion of C-to 1\nimals, Persatuan Pencegah Penganiayaan thdp Haiwan.

cruet ^{n set of} containers for salt, pepper. etc. peranggu ga­

ram !ada.

cruise ⁿ pelayaran pesiaran; go on a pleasure -, belaynr makan angin;

vi 1. sail about. a. ({or pl^easur^e> belayar makan an gin : they -d round the islands, mereka belayar makan angi r.

mengeliling1 pulau-pulau itu; b. (in search of enem_v t•es­

sel.s > meronda, berpair-pair. the destroyer tL·as cruising in the South China Sea, kapal pembinasa itu sedang meronda di Laut China Selatan; 2. travel at a constant and moderate speed, approp v ⁺ dgn kelajuan Cygl sederhana: the car was cruising at 75 k.p.h .• kereta itu berjalan dgn kelajuan se­

derhana 75 kmsj; 3. travel at random, a. fofta.ri-cab> lalu­

lalang, be.rulang-alik; b. (of patrol Ct:r) meronda:

cruising adj 1. (of ^speed) sederhana: 2. travelling at ra_ndom, a. Co( ta:ri-cab) lalu-lalang, berulang-alik; b. Co(

patrol car} merohda

cruiser ⁿ (r.;arship) penjajap, kruiser.

cnunb ⁿ 1. !f!rbuk, serdak: bread -6, serb^uk roti; eat every

4 6

-, makan

hi�

gga lbabis, licinl; 2. (fig.) secebis, sedikit: -$

HBT205

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TEKS B

·.

· · ----

hatan Jayu atau Jesu.

bloom [blu^:m} Jck berbunga (bkn pokok) ; mekar (bkn bunga); ber·

kembang (bkn bunga); 2 ^{(ki) men­}

jadi paling c:antik dan paling sem­

purna.

bloomers ^{{'bt u : m�z1} kn ^{seluar yg} longgar dan menutupi dr pinggang hingga ke lutut. dahulunya dipakai oleh gadis dan wanita utk b·ermain.

berbasikal dll dng a tau tanpa ^skin.

blossom ['bi:Js�m] Jtn bunga. teru­

tamanya pd pokok buah·buahan : kumpulan bunga pd belukar atau pokok; in-(bkn belukar atau po­

kok) sedang berbunga: the ^{ra m ·} butan trees are in-pokok·pokok rambutan sedang berbunga.

blouom ^['bb�m] kk 1 berkembang menjadi bung:�: menge!uarkan bunga : berbunga: the mango trees will-ne:r:t month pokok m^angga itu akan mengeluarbn bunga pd bulan hadapan: berkembang: she -ed out as a jirlt·class singer ia b::rkembang menjad i penyanyi yg terbaik.

blot (hbt) ^{kn I t:1nda yg} diseb:1bkan o!eh dakwat yg tump^{ah pd} kenas ; tompok; bintik; 2 kecac:1tan {pd kecan tikan a tau kebaikan scsuatu atau seseorang): kecelaan : noda:

the scar on her forehead ^{is .;-on} her face ^tanda luk.J di dahinya ada­

lah suatu kecacatan pd mukanya;

-n·ng·pa�r kerta.s lap atau kenas kem bang utlc mengeringl<an dak · wat dng cepat.

blot ^(bbt) Ide 1 m^embu^{at tanda bin­}

tik atau tompok {pd ":ena.s dng dalcwat): 2 meng^eringkar. tulisan dakwat dng kertas l^ap Ocertas kern­

bang); menekap dakwat {utk me­

ageringlcannya); 3 (ki) menjatuh- . kan nama baik dan maruah; me­

malukan; 4 -out a) mem:,uat tan­

d.'l bintik at.au «lmpo� (pd perk.ata-

.·

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HBT20.5

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3. Jawab (a) dan (b)

- 8- [HBT 205]

(a) Susur-galmkan perkembangan perkamusan bahasa MelaywMalaysia.

(b) Apakah yang kamu fahami dengan 'etirnologi"; dengan contoh-contoh cuba tunjukkan kedudukan etimologi dalam penyusunan kamus.

4. Jawab (a) dan ^(b).

[20 markah]

(a) Apakah peranan dan kejayaan MBBIM dalam pembinaan dan perkembangan peristilahan di negara-negara anggotanya?

[10 markah]

(b) Berdasarkan pedoman pembentukan istilah Dewan Bahasa dan ^Pustaka yang terkini, komen tentang cara berbentuknya istilah-istilah yang

disenaraikan di bawah:

bribe broker by force canon law federalism quantum meruit fair comment folio

litigant consideration ratio decidendi retmns

indenture incest sedition void ab initio induce

•

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sogok broker

dengan kekerasan canon law

federalisme quantum meruit komen berpatutan folio

litigan balasan

ratio decidendi penyata

indentur inses hasutan

tak sah ab initio mendorong.

[10 markah]

. ./9-

- 9 � [HBT 205]

5. Jawab (a) dan (b):

(a) Andaikan anda berhasrat menulis sebuah kamus ekabahasa bahasa Iban.

Huraikan semua pertimbangan dan amalan yang perlu dilakukan sehingga terbitnya kamus berkenaan.

[10 markah]

(b) Apakah strategi-strategi yang relevant dan yang perlu dipertimbangkan

dalam pembinaan sebuah tesaurus bahasa Malaysia?

[lO �kah]

- oooOOOooo -

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