LEADERSHIP FUNCTIONALITY IN ORGANIZING EVENTS OF UNIQUE ARTS ACADEMY
LINGESH CHANDREE D/O RAMACHANDRAN 54705
Bachelor of Applied Arts with Honours (Arts Management)
2018
Faculty of Applied and Creative Arts
LEADERSHIP FUNCTIONALITY IN ORGANIZING EVENTS OF UNIQUE ARTS ACADEMY
LINGESH CHANDREE A/P RAMACHANDRAN
Kajian ini merupakan salah satu keperluan untuk Ijazah Sarjana Muda Seni Gunaan Dan Kreatif Dengan Kepujian
(Program Pengurusan Seni)
Fakulti Seni Gunaan dan Kreatif UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK
2018
UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS TESIS/LAPORAN JUDUL:
SESI PENGAJIAN :2015/2016 Saya : (Lingesh Chandree A/P Ramachandran)
Mengaku membenarkan tesis/laporan* ini disimpan di Pusat Khidmat Maklumat Akademik, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut :
1. Tesis/Laporan adalah hakmilik Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
2. Pusat Khidmat Maklumat Akademik, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja
3. Pusat Khidmat Maklumat Akademik, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak dibenarkan membuat pendigitan untuk membangunkan Pangkalan Data Kandungan Tempatan 4. Pusat Khidmat Maklumat Akademik, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak dibenarkan
membuat salinan tesis/laporan ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi
5. *sila tandakan( / ) SULIT
TERHAD
TIDAK TERHAD
Disahkan
Tandatangan Penulis Tandatangan Penyelia Tarikh : Tarikh :
Alamat tetap :
No 400, Jalan Merak 1, Taman Thivy Jaya, 70100 Seremban, Negeri Sembilan.
Catatan: *Tesis/Laporan dimaksudkan sebagai tesis bagi Ijazah Doktor Falsafah, Sarjana dan Sarjana Muda
*Jika Tesis/Laporan ini SULIT atau TERHAD, sila lampirkan surat daripada pihak berkuasa/organisasi berkenaan dengan menyatakan sekali sebab dan tempoh tesis/laporan ini perlu sebagai SULIT atau TERHAD
/
(mengandungi maklumat yang berdajah keselamatan atau kepentingan termaktub di dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972)
(mengandungi maklumat terhad yang telah ditentukan oleh organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)
PENGAKUAN
Projek bertajuk ‘LEADERSHIP FUNCTIONALITY IN ORGANIZING EVENTS OF UNIQUE ARTS ACADEMY’ telah disediakan oleh LINGESH CHANDREE A/P RAMACHANDRAN dan telah diserahkan kepada Fakulti Seni Gunaan dan Kreatif sebagai memenuhi syarat untuk Ijazah Sarjana Muda dengan Kepujian (PENGURUSAN SENI).
Diterima untuk diperiksa oleh:
( Puan Rahah Hj. Hassan ) Tarikh :
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest appreciation to my supervisor Madam Rahah Binti Hasan for being my guidance and teaching in the process of doing my thesis. It was a pleasure to be supervised by her. Without her kind assistance and guidance, this research would never been accomplished. I owe an enormous debt of gratitude to her.
Besides, I would like to acknowledge the cooperation from Madam Savithri D/O Vellaithan as the informant for spending her time and answer my interview questions. She is the Artistic Director of Unique Arts Academy and National Dance Facilitator for Ministry of Culture & Arts Malaysia. Without her generosity and kindness this thesis may not be completed.
Last but not least, I would like to thank my course mates who have been motivating and give some guidance for me. Learning together with them makes me able to exchange opinions that can be used in completing my thesis. Not forgetting my parents for their excellent motivation and put their faith in me throughout the years of my study.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
TABLE OF CONTENT PAGES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
TABLE OF CONTENT ii-v
ABSTRACT vi
ABSTRAK vii
TABLE OF PICTURE viii
TABLE OF DIAGRAM ix
ABBREVIATION LIST x
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction 1-2
1.2 Background of Unique Arts Academy 3-4 1.3 Background of Study 5-8
1.4 Definition of Terms 9
1.5 Scope of Study 10
1.6 Statement of Problem 11
1.7 Research Questions 12
1.8 Objective of Research 13
1.9 Significance of Study 14
iii
1.10 Conceptual Framework 15
1.11 Limitation of Study 16-17
1.12 Summary 18
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 The Leadership Approach 20-21 2.3 Leadership functions in Organization 22-23 2.4 Cultural Management Approach 24-25
2.5 Summary 26
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 27
3.2 Method of Study 28
3.3 Qualitative 29
3.3.1 Observation 29
3.3.2 Interviews 29-30
3.3.3 Documentation 30
3.4 Data Collection Method 31
iv
3.5 Instrument of Study 32
3.5.1 Smart phone and Camera 32
3.5.2 Laptop 32
3.5.3 Other Materials 32
3.6 Data Analysis Method 33
3.6.1 Model of Leader Behaviours 33
3.6.2 Description of the theory (Leader Behaviours) 24-35 3.6.3 Data Collection Methods According to Selected
Theory 36-37 3.6.4 Data Collection Method 38-40
3.6.5 Data Analysis 41-42
3.7 Summary 43
CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH ANALYSIS AND FINDING
4.1 Introduction 44
4.2 Informer Background 45
4.3 Organization Chart of UAA 46
4.4 Analysis of Data 47
4.5 Research Analysis 48
v
4.5.1 Directive Leadership 48-50
4.5.2 Supportive Leadership 51-53
4.5.3 Participative Leadership 54-57
4.5.4 Achievement-Oriented Leadership 58-61
4.6 Summary 62
CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction 63-64
5.2 Discussion 65-66
5.3 Researchers Suggestion and Recommendation 67 5.3.1 Suggestions for Future Researcher 67-68
5.3.2 Suggestions for UAA Leader 69-70
5.4 Summary 71
BIBLIOGRAPHY 72-73
APPENDIX 74-82
vi ABSTRACT
This research conducted to analysis the Leadership Functionality in Organizing Events of Unique Arts Academy. This research conducted with two objective which is to identify leadership functionality of Unique Arts Academy leader in organizing events and then to documenting leadership functionality in managing the events and activities by Unique Arts Academy leader. This research conducted using qualitative method based on Path-Goal Theory which is model of Leader Behaviors.
vii ABSTRAK
Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menganalisis fungsi kepimpinan yang diamalkan dalam pengurusan Unique Arts Academy. Penyelidikan ini dijalankan dengan dua objektif iaitu untuk mengenal pasti fungsi kepimpinan Unique Arts Academy dan mendokumentasikan fungsi ciri-ciri kepimpinan dan jenis kepimpinan yang dipraktikan. Kajian ini dijalankan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif berdasarkan Teori
“Path-Goal” yang merupakan model “Leader Behaviors”.
viii
TABLE OF PICTURE
TABLE OF PICTURE PAGES
3.3.2.1 Picture of Informant 30
4.2.1 Picture of Informant 45
4.3.1 Subordinates of UAA 46
4.5.1.1 Directive Leadership 48
4.5.1.2 Directive Leadership 49
4.5.2.1 Supportive Leadership 51
4.5.2.2 Supportive Leadership 52
4.5.3.1 Participative Leadership 54
4.5.3.2 Participative Leadership 56
4.5.4.1 Achievement-oriented Leadership 58
4.5.4.2 Achievement-oriented Leadership 59
4.5.4.3 Achievement-oriented Leadership 61
ix
TABLE OF DIAGRAM
TABLE OF DIAGRAM PAGES
1.10.1 Major Components of Path-Goal Theory 15
2.1.1 Information Sources Related to Research 19 3.6.1 Model from “Leader Behaviours” in Path-Goal Theory 33 4.4.1 Model from “Leader Behaviours” in Path-Goal Theory 47
x ABBREVIATION LIST
UAA Unique Arts Academy
1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction
This section will provide a general introduction to this research. This research will address the leadership functionality of Unique Arts Academy leader in organizing an event. The background of the study, explanation of the research objectives, research problem and research question also discussed and followed by the significant and the scope of the study. The attributes are playing important roles in organizing events and influencing audience by the strategies used by the leader of Unique Arts Academy. Thus, a leader who possesses excellent leadership traits has to prepare the organization with primary adaptations so that the organizational management is of the best. (Tauber, 2012).
In this study, researcher want to identify the leadership functionality in organizing events and documenting leadership functionality in managing the events and activities by Unique Arts Academy leader. As articulated by Steve Jobs, leaders are reflected as “architects of the future” and “keeper of the vision”
(Bass & Avolio, 1994). 1 Basically, the main element to gain success in this competitive world is to ensure employees “perform beyond expectations”, develop creativity and innovativeness despite fostering their “leadership capacity” (Bass & Riggio, 2006). Basically, the main element to gain success in this competitive world is to ensure employees “perform beyond expectations”,
1 Improving organizational effectiveness Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994)
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develop creativity and innovativeness despite fostering their “leadership capacity” (Bass & Riggio, 2006).
3 1.2 Background of Unique Arts Academy
Unique Arts, formally known as Unique Arts Academy (UAA in short) was established in 1994 in Peninsular Malaysia. Unique Arts offers assortment of courses both in classical dance and music; the goal of the foundation is to preserve the ancient Indian Arts, Culture, Tradition, Heritage and in addition the Performing Arts for future generations. Indian Folk band was shaped playing different drums of India like Thappu, a Big Bass drum, Kottu, Chimta, the fiery and dynamic sound of the Urumi, traditional bell, Ganjira, Udukku and Harmonium. The musicians sometimes dances while playing the instruments and for the most part joined by folk dancers and singers.
Apart from their main studio in Seremban 2, they have extended their branch to Seremban town as well as in Bandar Baru Salak Tinggi, Selangor. As shown in their motto “Brightens all Ages”, they acknowledge students for all range of ages.
UAA desire is to share the traditional art form & culture to the world as well as to preserve it for the next generation. Moreover, UAA goal is to be a well-eminent Institute and also to create world perceived artists or icons. Beside from daily classes, they also have performed on various stage shows; in temples, concerts, government events and also International festivals. UAA president as well as vice-president are Instructor and facilitator in Ministry of Culture & Arts respectively.
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Unique Arts band have repeatedly performed at different festival to be specific International Folklore Festival, World Harvest Festival, and couple of different esteemed show for the Ministry of culture and Arts Malaysia. In 2015 UAA won the first prize in the drum competition sorted out by Ministry of Youth and picked up a great deal of acknowledgments and acclaim to the academy.
5 1.3 Background of Study
Leadership functionality is an important management discipline in managing and planning organization growth. It unites activities and help to determine the rate of events growth. Northouse (1997) mentioned that leaders are creating the opportunity whereby their followers are being instilled with leadership traits. In addition to this, every employee should be exposed to such a situation and position that enable them to come out of the box beyond their skills and develop their leadership abilities.2 Thus, leadership functionality in organizing events of Unique Arts Academy is important to enhance success in an event.
Leadership is an important factor that has the ability to manage changes in an organization as reflected in its definition which is related to “alignment, understanding and change” (Northouse, 1997). It can be utilized to solve problems within the events and activities organized by Unique Arts Academy as a way to analyse a process and find a more efficient way of doing it. Another definition of leadership according to Tauber (2012) is, “an influence relationship among leaders and followers who intend real changes and outcomes that reflect their shared purposes” (p. 5). The style or to be even more precise, the functionality of leadership in which the Unique Arts Academy leader acquires and applies is the key element that contributes to the organization’s effectiveness.
2 G.Northouse, P. (1997). Leadership Theory and Practice.
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The process of developing leadership functionality of Unique Arts Academy leader distinguishes areas of organization operations where change is required. Each need is examined, and the potential impacts are anticipated into a change management plan. The plan outlines the particular areas in which the change will improve event operations, who will be influenced by the change and how it can be taken off efficiently to employees and audience.
Leadership functionality in Unique Arts Academy requires the analysis of several kinds of information to be effective. Events is critical to product advancement since it can help examine every component of product development and create a method for utilizing it adequately. Some of the processes that come together in organizing events to assist in product innovation are competitive analysis, technology development, consumer preferences, and target market research, manufacturing capabilities analysis and licenses and trademarks.
Leadership functionality is a key factor in accomplishment the success of a special event. The fundamental reason that strategies and techniques serves is to attract participants, spectators or both to the event. The strategies you use to advance your event will depend on its purpose, the likely audience, the best ways to reach that audience, and your promotional resources (Tauber 2012).
Developing events of Unique Arts Academy brings issues about both the event itself and your organization in general. By developing leadership functionality, you are able to disperse exact information about the event. Play a dynamic role in
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advertising and getting the word about the event to ensure the correct date, time and deals are shared. You also can control precisely when information about the event is released.
Leadership functionality is a key outcome area in event management and as such is meriting sufficient human and money related assets. Northouse, (1997) disclosed that there are four components of leadership; idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation.
Organisers need to consider effective strategies in order to estimate the total costs of the event. They should choose systems that are most dependable and financially savvy as far as accomplishing the objective interest or support.
Effective leadership functionality is also important to the organisation for reasons other than attracting a crowd on the day. Individualized consideration is about fostering a supportive relationship whereby leaders pay personal attention to each followers’ needs and feelings to bring out the best of them (Bass &
Riggio, 2006). 3
Organizing events aim to attract in extra members to increase the number of audience you make at your events. Leadership functionality can help get more people into Unique Arts Academy for the special event. With raising the consciousness of the event and reminding audience and participants when it
3 Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership
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nears, you aren't probably going to have high participation. A higher participation rate helps Unique Arts Academy more well-known during the special event.
Developing events of Unique Arts Academy brings issues about both the event itself and your organization in general. By developing leadership functionality, you are able to disperse exact information about the event. Play a dynamic role in advertising and getting the word about the event to ensure the correct date, time and deals are shared. You also can control precisely when information about the event is released.
Thus, this research is being conducted in order to obtain information on how leadership functionality is used to organize an effective event. This is because, the functionality of leadership is still unclear and is not conceptually elaborated (Tauber, 2012).
9 1.4 Definition of Terms
II. Organization
An organization can be defined as a collection of people working together in a division of labour to achieve a common purpose (Schermerhorn, 1997). Organizations are also social arrangements for the controlled performance of collective goals.
Organization is normally made up of a group of people who has a set of activities and roles working with the aim to meet task goals to achieve a common objective (Hellriegel & Slocum, 2009).
III. Leadership functionality
Leadership functionality is about strategic thinking, influencing, motivating and enabling others with effective communication to contribute towards the effectiveness of the organization as well as to lead change (P.Hollander, 1978).
It is about the set of characteristics attributed to guide the team towards coping with changes and achieving their fullest potential in line with the organization’s goal (P.Hollander, 1978).
10 1.5 Scope of Study
This research also will study on the leader behaviours. Leader behaviours are one of the factors that lead to successful event.4 Successful event can be a good benchmark for event planning in the future. The reason is to broaden the scope of this study and identify the functionality of leadership in organizing and managing an events.
The scope of this research is the event management in the Unique Arts Academy which is situated in Negeri Sembilan, Seremban 2. According to the event management of Unique Arts Academy, they mainly concentrates on leading the team of management. The groups of people who are the focus of this study are the people who are in the top managerial role in the department. Leader of Unique Arts Academy is also the main focus informant in this study. The rational of bringing this group of people as the focus of this study is that they are the significant individuals who play a premiere role as leader in bringing new strategies in managing for a better future of the organization. Thus, this study opts for the group of people in the top managerial role as the informants to obtain relevant and accurate information of leadership functionality in organising events at Unique Arts Academy.
4 Model of Path-Goal Theory (Leader Behaviors)
