PDF 3rd International Conference on Economy, Education, Social Science,

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3rd International Conference on Economy, Education, Social Science, Supply Chain, Engineering, Technology and Tourism 2022 PENANG, Malaysia 26 February, 2022 eISBN: 978-967-2963-23-3

Copyright@2022

publisher.

Publisher: Academia Industry Networks (002911676-U) No 6 Jalan 3/R, Bandar Seri Putra

43000 KAJANG, Selangor MALAYSIA

Printed in Malaysia

DISCLAIMER:

The editors of the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Economy, Education, Social Science, Supply Chain, Engineering, Technology and Tourism 2022 (ESSET2022) hereby state that the papers that are published in this proceeding book were accepted upon review. The editors are not responsible for any research misconducts (i.e., plagiarism, manipulation of data, fabrication of data, etc.), content and language of the papers.

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PREFACE

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Economy, Education, Social Science, Supply Chain, Engineering, Technology and Tourism 2022

It is my pleasure to welcome you to the 3rd International Conference on Economy, Education, Social Science, Supply Chain, Engineering, Technology and Tourism 2022 (ESSET2022).

ESSET2022 aims to provide a platform for connecting academic scholars and industry practitioners world-wide to share the research findings from various disciplines and create a space for intellectual discussion, exploration and reflection of key issues that are shaping the world today. This is a great opportunity for delegates to expand knowledge, plan and implement innovative strategies, overcome barriers and move forward with the initiatives that benefit the community. There will be huge opportunities for networking, informed dialogues and collaborations.

Your participation in this conference and submission of research papers is greatly appreciated and on behalf of the Organizing Committee, I wish you all the safety and health and together we must strive to get over with the Covid-19 pandemic challenge as soon as possible. Our research works must endure despite these challenges to continue contributing to the body of knowledge from new research ideas, methods and problem resolutions.

Thank you.

Dr. Safaie Mangir Conference Chairman

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ABSTRACT

The objective of this conference is to provide a platform for scholars, intellectuals and professionals from various academic and industrial disciplines to share the research findings from various disciplines and create a space for intellectual discussion, exploration and reflection of key issues that are shaping the world today. The conference welcomes all authors from related fields of research to submit and/or present the research papers. All accepted papers will be published in the conference proceeding book with ISBN number. More importantly, the accepted papers will also be published in refereed journals indexed by Malaysia Citation Centre (MCC). Papers that have the merits for publication in high index journals will be selected for publication in SCOPUS- indexed journals.

The conference has attracted a number of participations and accepted research papers from various research disciplines for publication in proceeding book and journals. All submitted papers were reviewed by the review committee and the corresponding acceptance notifications were emailed to the authors upon acceptance approval by the review committee. Subsequently all accepted papers will be published in conference proceeding book which is targeted to complete by end of Febuary 2022. All accepted papers correspondingly, will be published in March or June 2022 Issue of the refereed journals depending on the submission date of the final full papers. The proceeding (with ISBN) will be provided in PDF format while the journal is online and the related online URL links will be provided via email upon successful journal publication of the papers.

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1. A STUDY OF CUSTOMERS' REQUIREMENTS OF AIRPORT LUGGAGE

CARTS 1

2. ANALYSIS OF THE BLACK SITE LOCATIONS ON PANTURA STREET,

JAVA ISLAND, INDONESIA 12

3. CENTER AGAINST AREA: THE EXPANSION AND CONFLICT

BORDERS OF SIX VILLAGES IN NORTH MALUKU 24

4. DEVELOPMENT OF DRIVING FATIGUE STRAIN INDEX USING FUZZY LOGIC TO QUANTIFY IMPAIRMENT RISK LEVELS OF

COGNITIVE SKILLS IN VEHICLE DRIVING 33

5. DIRECTIONS FOR STRUCTURING NON-STRUCTURAL AGENCIES (NSA) IN THE STRUCTURE OF STATE INSTITUTIONS IN INDONESIA 52 6. EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE

BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION OF TOURIST IN KLANG VALLEY 65 7. GENERAL HEALTH STATUS AMONG TEACHING STAFF DURING

COVID-19 PANDEMIC 78

8. INTERPRETATION OF FATWA DURING COVID-19 IN SABAH (2019-

2021) 87

9. INVESTIGATION AUDIT PLANNING MODEL DEVELOPMENT AT

MINISTRY OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS INDONESIA 97

10. NEW CHALLENGES TO SUSTAIN TRADITIONAL CULTURE DURING THE PANDEMIC: REWANG AND THE URBAN JAVANESE YOUTH 110 11. REDEFINING MARINE TOURISM EXPERIENCES IN THE ERA OF

COVID-19 AND BEYOND 118

12. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONTACT WITH LGBT INDIVIDUALS

AND ACCEPTANCE OF LGBT IN MALAYSIA 132

13. THE IMPLICATION OF PRACTISING BLENDED LEARNING, AND CONVENTIONAL LEARNING TOWARDS STUDENT'S ACHIEVEMENT

AND ATTITUDE 144

14. THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, TALENT MANAGEMENT, AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON MANAGERS’

WORK PRODUCTIVITY AT PGN WITH OCB AS INTERVENING 162 15. THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF JIT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

SCOR MODEL AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE 183

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONTACT WITH LGBT INDIVIDUALS AND ACCEPTANCE OF LGBT IN MALAYSIA

Hsin-Nie Ling^1* and Su-Hie Ting²

1 2 Faculty of Language and Communication, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kuching, MALAYSIA

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract: Contact with LGBT individuals may result in more favourable attitudes towards homosexuality and research has suggested that the people who are more open to gender non- conformity may be young, female and non-religiously affiliated. However, the degree of acceptance towards LGBT has not been thoroughly investigated. The study examined the relationship between contact with LGBT individuals and acceptance of LGBT in Malaysia. The specific aspects studied are: (1) level of intergroup contact with LGBT individuals; (2) degree of acceptance towards LGBT individuals; and (3) relationship between intergroup contact and acceptance towards LGBT individuals. The questionnaire data were from 413 Malaysian respondents from various age, ethnic, and religious backgrounds. The results showed that about half of respondents have direct contact with LGBT individuals as in having close friends who are LGBT or knowing a LGBT couple but very few have attended a marriage ceremony for LGBT couples, are in a romantic relationship with LGBT individuals or are LGBT themselves. A majority of the respondents know the challenges of LGBT individuals through reading about them but few have taken active steps to express support for LGBT. The respondents can accept it if they found out their friends, neighbours, colleagues, educators and close relatives are LGBT but are not as tolerant if their child or religious leader is LGBT. The acceptance of LGBT individuals is significantly correlated with the level of intergroup contact with LGBT individuals.

Keywords: LGBT, heterosexuals, homosexuality, acceptance, intergroup contact.

1. Introduction

Heteronormative behaviour is still highly prevalent in the society where some heterosexual individuals discriminate Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) individuals for having different sexual preferences from them (Mkhize et al., 2020). In Malaysia, LGBT individuals’

basic human rights have been frequently violated (Lee, 2012). Moreover, according to Hubbard’s (2020) investigation, the hate speech and violent comments on social media have serious impact on mental health including anxiety, stress, and depression on LGBT individuals.

Although the acceptance towards LGBT individuals have increased in many developed countries (Ayoub & Garretson, 2017) including Australia, Canada and Taiwan, sexual orientation prejudice still exists where people hold the beliefs that “homosexuality is wrong” (Morrison & Morrison, 2003). For instance, most people in Western societies are more supportive towards LGBT rights (Van Lisdonk, 2018) while at the same time there are also people who still feel disgusted to see same-sex couples acting intimately in public (Kiebel et al., 2016). Malaysia still does not recognise

PDF 3rd International Conference on Economy, Education, Social Science,

PREFACE

ABSTRACT

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONTACT WITH LGBT INDIVIDUALS AND ACCEPTANCE OF LGBT IN MALAYSIA