Therefore, this study evaluates the aspects of safety control that can be executed using the BIM platform as well as the potential barriers in the implementation of BIM for safety in the construction project through questionnaire survey involving the client, consultant and contractors in Kuala Lumpur and a study the case to evaluate the use of BIM in safety management only up to the construction phase. This study concludes with the conclusion on the data obtained and the recommendation for improvement in future works, so that more accurate and impactful results can be obtained for the implementation of BIM for safety control in construction project in Malaysia. Using the BIM platform from the customers' perspective 34 Table 4.5.2 RII and ranking for the security control aspect that can be executed by.
Use of BIM platform from consultants' perspective 34 Table 4.5.3 RII and ranking for safety control aspect that can be performed by. Use of BIM platform from contractors' perspective 35 Table 4.5.4(a) RII and ranking for safety control aspect that can be performed by. Use of BIM platform from overall perspective 36 Table 4.5.4(b) Ranking comparison based on RII for all project stakeholders 36.
Background of study
According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) falls from height had become the main problem leading to the highest number of deaths and injuries based on previous data statistics (Liu et al., 2020). In most existing projects, the fall protection plan will only be developed after construction begins (Zhang et al., 2015). At the same time, the construction industry bears the highest fatal injuries than any other industry caused by the lack of safety control in the construction industry (Marefat et al., 2017).
According to Zhang et al. 2015), safety planning is a key aspect of production planning, but in current practice in the construction industry, safety planning is carried out separately from the design and planning phases of a project. In Malaysia, the idea of implementing BIM was introduced in 2007 by the Director of Public Works Department (PWD) (Latifi et al., 2013). According to Latifah et al. 2013), the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Multipurpose Hall in Johor was completed in August 2012, becoming the first project in Malaysia to implement BIM.
Problem statement
During the construction of building projects, safety planning is always being planned after the completion of the design work. This is because most project stakeholders preferred to work in silos and usually only contractors will be involved in safety planning. Based on Figure 1.2 (b), the ability to influence safety is decreasing as the project phase progresses.
By using BIM since the initial phase, designers can collaborate with the site safety manager to come out with a proper safety planning about the building design. However, based on a statistic reported in the Malaysia BIM Report 2016 (CIDB, 2016), only 45 percent of the total respondents in Malaysia have knowledge about BIM and about 17 percent of them use BIM. This indicates that the level of awareness of BIM in Malaysia is still low (Ashmori et al., 2019) so the challenge of implementing BIM must be highlighted to provide the solution as it will be the same challenges in adopting BIM to manage safety in the construction.
Objectives
Scope of study
Case Study
Project Details
The Relevancy of Project
LITERATURE REVIEW
Overview of Building Information Modelling . 8
- Hazard Identification and Recognition 9
- Fall Prevention Planning
- Planning of Work Task That Include Safety
- Enhance Communication and Collaboration
- Lack of Knowledge and Skill
- Lack of Client Demand
- Incompatibility and Interoperability Issues 14
Current Practices on the Implementation of BIM for
- Questionnaire Survey
- Interview
Based on Part C, which consists of open-ended questionnaires, most respondents are aware that BIM can be used for safety control in construction, as shown in Figure 4.4(d), but only 37 percent of the total respondents are currently practicing use of BIM for safety controls in construction. safety. Most respondents stated that the application of BIM software, such as 3D modeling and visualization, planning and simulation, has helped them manage the safety of their project. The 3D modeling of the building was done using Revit, Tekla, E-tabs, Prota, ArchiCAD, EcoDomus, Prokon, Fuzor, Sketchup and Vectorworks.
Additionally, some of the respondents engaged in 4D scheduling using Autodesk Navisworks, Tekla and Fuzor software. The majority of the respondents claimed that most of the people in the construction industry still lack knowledge and skills on how to use BIM for safety control in building project. Some of the respondents claimed that BIM in Malaysia is still new and under experimentation which causes most of the clients to be reluctant to invest in BIM project.
As most works are stored in the cloud, so there is ambiguity in the cloud file after the project is finished. Finally, one of the respondents asserted that although there are currently improvements in the use of BIM software in Malaysia for 3D modeling, but project stakeholders still prefer to work in silos without coordination within the discipline. All interviewees agree that the six aspects of safety control that have been mentioned are important to demonstrate using BIM because BIM helps the construction industry to plan properly without overlooking any aspect of safety.
In addition, the building layout and 3D modeling helped the safety officer to identify any potential hazard, such as the floor area exposed to risk, and to plan fall prevention in advance without overlooking any aspects. Safety planning may include storage facilities, a logistics plan, and construction worker movement access. Furthermore, the 3D modeling visualization helped the contractor's executors to pre-plan fall prevention planning as they were able to pinpoint both the edge position of the building and the hole location.
Here, all information, files or models of the project are shared on one platform.
Proposed Safety Control by Using BIM for Building
First of all, to ensure the implementation of BIM for safety control in construction projects, the client must make it one of the requirements in the project. Therefore, the project's stakeholders will have the knowledge to use BIM for safety control in a construction project. From the questionnaires, although most of the project's stakeholders are aware that BIM can be used for safety control in construction projects, but the implementation is still at a low level.
In conclusion, with the above recommendation, the construction industry will be ready to fully implement BIM for safety in construction projects. The questionnaire aims to collect information about the implementation of BIM for safety management in construction projects. Potential barriers to implementing BIM for safety in construction projects. Answer the questions below based on your preference.
What are your suggestions for implementing BIM in construction industry for safety control especially for building project. CURRENT PRACTICES ON SAFETY MANAGEMENT USING BIM AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BIM IN BUILDING PROJECTS. To assess the awareness level and evaluate the implementation of the use of BIM for safety control in building constructions through interviews and a case study project.
Question 8 Based on the potential barrier to implement BIM such as: (1) high cost; (2) lack of knowledge and skills; (3) lack of customer demand; (4) incompatibility and interoperability issues; (5) takes time to train staff and (6) resistance to change. Which factor do you think is most critical in preventing project stakeholders from implementing BIM for safety control, and why? Interviewer: What do you think is the impact of using BIM for safety control in construction projects? Interviewer: Based on your experience, are there any differences between projects where BIM is used and projects where BIM is not used for safety control?
Interviewer: Based on the possible obstacle to the implementation of BIM such as: (1) high cost;. 2) lack of knowledge and skills; (3) lack of customer demand; (4) incompatibility and interoperability issues; (5) consume time in personnel training and (6) resistance to change, which factor do you think is the most important in preventing project stakeholders from implementing BIM for safety control and why.
Proposed Solution for the Barriers in Implementing
- Support from Government
- Implement BIM and Safety as the Courses
- Provide a National Standard Guideline 56
Recommendation
In addition, as BIM for safety in construction projects in Malaysia is still new, this study may also involve respondents outside of Kuala Lumpur and the number of case studies for interview needs to be increased to gain meaning and information about the current situation in the construction industry. To identify and rank safety control aspects that can be performed by using BIM platform and potential barrier to implement BIM in a construction project by conducting questionnaire survey and Relative Importance Index (RII) Method with correlation between project stakeholders. Q10 From your P.O.V,: I don't know the impact of No impact of using BIM for safety Improved.
Safety control aspects that can be performed using the BIM platform. Answer the questions below based on your preference. Question 5 Based on your experience, are there any differences between projects where BIM is used and projects where BIM is not used for safety control? Question 7 Based on question number 6, which do you think BIM has a major impact on security control management?
Interviewer: What is your view on the current situation for the safety performance of the construction project. Although BIM is not fully utilized for safety purposes in this project, I believe that potential danger can be identified at an early stage using 3D model. Interviewer: What do you think about using BIM to strengthen communication and collaboration between all project participants in all phases.
Interviewer: Based on the security control aspects that can be accomplished through the use of BIM above, which do you think BIM has the greatest impact in managing security control? Interviewee: To be honest, I'm not really aware that BIM can be used for safety control because I only know that BIM can generate 3D modeling so I would say it has improved but I think that is still the case in Malaysia isn't much. Interviewee: In this project, BIM is used by the BIM modeler, but I did not use BIM for the safety officer himself.
If you are not familiar with BIM, you can also provide an opinion based on the current state of safety control in the project. To be honest, we don't really see the benefits of BIM for safety management in Malaysia. Therefore, I believe that we need to create awareness among project stakeholders about the good points of BIM, especially in terms of safety, so that they will be more interested.
