Performance Evaluation of Mannasim Framework for Wireless Sensor Network in Network Simulator 2 - UUM Electronic Theses and Dissertation [eTheses]

Performance Evaluation of Mannasim Framework f o r Wireless Sensor Network in Network Sirnulator 2

Mohammed Ali Amer

U N l V L1:IISlTY U T A L i MALAYSIA

m n d m

L U L L

Performance Evaluation of b/Iannasim Framenlork f o r Wireless Serrsor Network in Net\vorlc Sinlnlatot-

2

A Project Submitted to Dean of Awang H a d Snlleh G r a d u a t e School io Partial Fulfilment of the requirelnerlt for t h e degree

M a s t e r of Science of Information Technology University Utal-a hqalaysia

By

h!loliammed Ali A m e r

KOLEJ SASTERA DAN SAINS (College of Arts a n d S c i e n c e s )

U n i v e r s i t i Utara Malaysia

PERAKUANKERJAKERTASPROJEK

(Certificate of Project Paper) Saya, yang bertandatangan, memperakukan bahawa (I, the undersigned, certifies that)

MOHAMMED ALI AMER MOHAMMED ALI 18082 141

I

calon untuk Ijazah

111

I

(candidate for the degree on M S c . ( I n f o r m a t i o n T e c h n o l o m j telah mengemukakar, kertas projek yang bertajuk

(h.as presented his/herproject of the following title)

P E R F O W A N C E EVALUATION O F MANNASIM FRAMEWORK FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK IN NETWORK SIMULATOR 2

--

seperti yang tercatat di muka surat tajuk d m kulit kertas projek (as it appears on the title page and front cover of project)

I

^t~ahaw-a kertas projek tersebut boleh diterima dari segi bentuk serta kandungan

L dan meliputi bidmg ilmu dengan memuaskan.

(that this project is in acceptable form. and content, uizd that a satisfactory

I

knozuledge of thefield is covered by the project).

Narna Penyelia

(Name of Supervisor) : DR. MOHAMMED M. KADHUM

I

Tandatangan

(Sigrzatx re) .- Tarikh (Date) :

/ d( / 6

PERMISSION TO USE

In presenting this project in partial fulfilillent of the requirements for a postgraduate degree from the University Utara Malaysia, I agree that the University Library may make it freely available for inspection. I iiir~lier agree that permission for copying of this project in any iilai111er in ~ 1 1 0 1 ~ or ill part, for scholarly purposes may be grailted by my supervisor(s) or in tlieir absence by tlie Dean of Postgraduate Studies and Research. It is understood tliat any copying or publication or use of this project or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my mil-itten permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to University Utara Malaysia for any scliolarly use which may be made of any material frorn my project.

Requests for perniissio~l to copy or to make other use of inaterials in this project, in

a whole or in part, should be addressed to

Jlean of A ~ v a n g Had S;llleh G r a d u a t e School College of Arts a n d Sciences

University Utar;l hlIalaysia 06010 UUNl Sintok K e d a h D a r u l A m a n

&!~;l!::)~~~;:

ABSTRACT

Optililizing seilsor networks illvolves addressing a wide range of issues steanliilg

from liinited energy reserves, computation power, coinillunication capabilities,

and self-inanaging seizsor nodes. T11e high cost and difficulties in deployiiig

wireless sensor i~etworlts are the main challenges that motivate ilzvestigating the

performance of a sensor network in

a

si~nulated enviroiiment. The Netxvork

Simulator 2 (ns-2) is one of the flexible tools available for ~zetworl: engineers to

study how various protocols perfor111 under different configurations and

topologies. ns-2 laclts of inodules for studying the sensor networlts. However,

many researchers have developed several inodules for ns-2, which help

exploring wireless seizsor network before real deployment. This project concerns

the reliability of Ma~inasiin module for studying the perforinance of wireless

seiisor networlts in 11s-2. This project supports the analysis of different sensor

networlt configurations under the demands of speci fic sensor applications. The

project showed that Mannasiin i ~ ~ o d u l e is reliable and it is able to meet the

requirements of different layers that are involved in sensor networlts.

Praise to Allah for his guidance and blessing for giving me the strength and perseverance to complete this project. I would like to thank my supel-visor Dr Mollammed

M

Kadhuin for his support and encouragemei~t ciurii~g this project. I have been extremely lucky to have a supervisor who cared so much about 111y work, and who responded to my qucstioils ai~c[ queries so promp~:ly. Completing this worlc would have been all the rnorc difficult were it not for the support and friendship provided by the other members of the School of Computing, Universiti Utara Malaysia.

I

rnust express my gratitude to my family who experienced all of the ups and downs of m y study abroad. I a m indebted to theril for their help.

TABLE O F CONTENTS

Contents

PERMISSION TO USE ... i

ABSTRACT ... i i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ... ... 1 1 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ... iv

1,lST OF FIGURES ... vii

LIST OF TABLES ... V I I I ... CHAPTER ONE ... 1

INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 ^. INTRODUC'TION ... 1

1.2. PROBLEM STATEMENT ... 2

1.3. PROJECT QUESTIONS ... 3

1.4. PRO.IECTSCOPE ... 3

1.5. PROJECT OBJECTIVES ... 3

1.6. RESEARCH SIGNE'ICANCE ... - 4

1.7. ORGANIZATION 01: THE PROJEC'T REPORT ... 4

CHAPTER T W O ... 6

LITERATURE REVIEW ... 6

2.1. BACICGROUND ... 6

2.2. COMPARISON OF MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS AND SENSOR NETWORKS ... 7

2.3. APPLICATIONS OF WIRELESS SElVSOR NETWORKS ... 8

2.4. EVALUATING SENSOR NETWORKS USING SIMULATION ... 9

2.5. NETWORK SIMULATOR 2 (ns-2) ... 1 2 3.6. SENSOR NEl'\VORI< EXTENSIONS IN NEl'\\iORK SIMUI, ATOR 2 (ns-2) ... 15 2.7. RELATED \j1ORK ... 1 6

2.9. SUMMARY ... 17

CHAPTER TiHREE ... 19

PROJECT METHODOLOGY ... 19

3.1. PROJECT STEPS ... 19

3.1. I Dgfini77g11roOlci~i ~ 7 7 7 ~ 1 objectives ... 20

3.1.2 Refe~.er-icc nehvork 171oclel cii7d.fixedpc1ruirie1er.s ... 20

3.1.3 Selecting Pe7;foi.i77~17ce i24etric.s ... 20

3.1.4 Selecting Yiiri~iDlc Para~71eter.s ... 21

3.1.5 C ' O I ~ S ~ ~ ~ Z I C I MorJel ~177d Set Fixed Parc1771eter.r i77 S?fhl~are ... 21

3.1. 6 Co77figl.ir.c , 'ofl1t~a7.e to Prodzice Rele1~ai7t Pe7:foi-lnnnce Data ... 22

3.1. 7 Exectile Si717zi/utio77 ~ 7 n d Collect Pe7:forniu77ce Data ... 22

3 I . S Prese7zt and Intcl;r~ret Rc,rzilt, s ... 22

3.2. NETWORK SIMULATION ... 22

3.2.1 B,'en!fit.r ofNetwo7.k Si7nzil~/ioi7 ... 23

3.2.2 Aietwork Si177zilutoi~ 2 (77.~~2) ... 23

? ? 2 . 3 . SIMULATION SCENARIOS ... 24

3.4. CONCLUSION ... 25

,

-

CHAP I ER FOUR ... 26

IMPLEMENTATION AND THE EVALUATION OF T H E MANNASIM FRAME\VOKK ... 26

... 4.1. T H E MODEL REQUIREMENTS 26 4.2. TOOL COMMAND 1,ANGU.AGE (TCL) SCRIPTS ... 27

... 4.3. SIR4ULATION OUTPUT ANALYSIS 32 ... 4.3.1. Packet Dclive7.y Rcitio 34 3.3.2. Roz1ti77~ _C, Locid ... 34

4.3.3. ilvercrge E~ILI-to- EIILI D e l ~ q i ... 35

.I i ,. ., ,, ^{' \ <}

.

... -+ . +.

-.

^{u !\. I\,! ..A.} ?.'Y' 36 CHI-\IJ I kI< . F1V E. ... 37

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE \VORK ... ... 37

5.1. CONCLUSION 37

5.2. SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTlJRE WORK ... 38 REFERENCES ... ^~ ... 40

APPENDIX A 4 4

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1: Example o f s n ad hoc lietwork \vliere double arl-ows show the possibilities of t w o nodes to establish a bidil-ectional radio connection (Adopted from (Garcia, 2008)) ... 1 Fi~i11.e 2 . I : Foundation of tiit sensor network niodcl (Adopted from (Slii et al., 2008)) ... I I Figure 2.2.Ttie available laycrs and their protocols ibr. \virelcss sensor nttworking in ns-2 (Adopted from ((Do\vna~.d, 2004)) ... 13

Figul-e 3.1: Steps of a systematic simulation study (Malibub, 2004) ... 19

. .

Figure 4. I: The run o t ' M a n n a s ~ m s~mulation wit11 DSIZ ... 33 Figure 4.2: The run of hlannasim simulation \vith AODV ... 3 3 1;igul.e 4.3: Packet Delivery Ratio for WSN \vhen using USK and AODV ... 3 4 Figill-e 4.4: Kouting Overhead for WSN \vlien usiiig DSR and AODV ... 3 5 Figure 4.5: Average End to End Delay for LVSN when using DSR and AODV ... 3 6

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3 . l : Setting par-ailletel-s for the e\lali~ation scenal-ios ... 24

CEIAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1. INTRODLTCTION

Wireless sensor netuorl\ is a d e r i v a t i ~ c o f lllobilc ad hoc ~iet\vork. According to Garcia (Garcia, 2008), an ad Iioc netnork can be dcfined as a group of mobile terminals that arc indzpendent from any infrastructure, coillmunicating by radio wa\es, where each of these terminals offers a relay servicc to accept a nlcssage not addressed to it in order to retransmit it to anotl~er nctworlt terminal, which is out of radio reach of the initial transillltter of this message. An example o r :in ad hoc nelwork is prescilted in Figure 1 . 1 .

F i g u r e 1 . 1 : E s a n l p l e o f a n acl l ~ o c nct\vo~-I< \\.l~cl-e d o r ~ h l c a r r o w s sllo\v t h e ~)ossibilities of two lodes t o establish a bidil-cctional r a d i o connection (Adopted frorn (Garcia, 2008))

A \\ireless sensor ^net\\ ork (\\jSN) is a ^\\ ireless net\\ork of many autonomoub l o ~ ~ - p o \ \ ~ c r . lo\\-cost, and small-size sensor nocles. These nodcs are self-organized and use sensols to co-

The contents of the thesis is for

internal user

only

REFERENCES

Garcia, M.; Coll,

M.;

Bri, D.; Lloret, J. "Using MANE'T Protocols in Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks," S e ~ o n c t Inlerntri~o17ul C'onference on ,Ccn,ro~ Teclvzologle, and ill~pllcailons SENSORCOMhlr08, vol., no., pp. 154-1 59, 25-3 1 Aug. 2008.

Milhas, A.A.; Faheem, M.Y.; Azeem. M.B. "L'ltra Low Power Small Size

RF

Transceiver Design for Wireless Sensor Networks," Iriicrnuiiorzal Conference on Colluhoraiion

Techno1ogie.s nnd LJj,sienl.r (CTS), 20 1 1, pp.290-295, 23-27 May 201 1.

Shahmansouri, V.; Rezaie. M.G.; Pakravan.

H.R.;

, "Modified distributed mediation device for low power consumptio~l in large scale scnsor networks," Proceedings of 2005 Iniernaiionul Conference ^{0 1 7} Iniellige17i Sensing ancl Infbrmaiion PI-occ..r.sirzg, 2005., pp. 7-

12, 4-7 Jan. 2005.

Yang Jun; Zhao Xianhong. "Designing of a Sensor Network Monitoring S e r ~ ~ e r , " 201 0 Second I17ier-naiior7al Conference 017 I17forrnaiion Tecj711ology and Coinpuler Science (ITCfL7), pp.566- 568, 24-25 July 20 10.

Kllan,

M.Z.;

Asli~lilh, B.; Rouhafs. F.; A s i ~ n , M., "Limitatiolis 01 Simulation Tools for Large- Scale Wireless Sensor Networks," IEEE I/Vo~~k.rlzol~,r of Inieri7aiional C'onfi.i.erice on Aclvunccd Inforrnuiion Aieiworking trnd Apl11icurio1z.s ( J U l N ~ l l j , 20 1 1 , vol., no., pp.820-825, 22-25 March 201 1 .

J. Agre, L. Clare, and S. Sastry. A Taxonomy for Distributed Real-time Control Systems.

Adva~lces in Computers, Ed. M. Zelkowitz, 49:303-352, 1999.

S. Sastry, Smartspace for Autoliialion, Assembly Automation, Vol. 24, No. 2, 2004, pages 20 1-209.

Rajas11ree.V.Biradar ,V.C .I'atil. Dr. S. R. Sauant,Dr. R. R. Mudliolltar," Classification and comparison of Routins Protocols in Wire!ess Sensor Netsvorks," 2009.

Akshay,

I<.,

Kumar, M.

P.:

Fiarish,

B.,

& Dhanorkar, S. (20 10, 3-5 Dcc. 2010). An efficient approach for sensor deployments in \\.ireless sensor netn~ork. I'aper presented at the

International Coilfercnce on Emerging Trends in Robot~cs and Con~municatioii Technologies (INTERACT).

Ba.jaj, S., Breslau, I,.. Estrin, D.. Fall, K., Floyd, S., Haldar.

P.,

et al.

(l~ttp:/l~~u~~v.citeulike.org/usei-/p2p-scc/articlc/16379~6, 1999). Improving S i m ~ ~ l a t i o n for Network Research

Borgne, Y. A. L.. Moussaid, _M., & Bontempi. G . (2006, 18-20 April 2006). S~mulation architecture for data j~rocessing algorithms in ~vireless sensor networks. Paper presented at the 20111 International Conf'erencc on Aclvanccd Inf'ormation Networking and Applications, 2006.

AINA 2006.

7?

Braga, I . R. d , Vl., Silva, F. ^14.. Ramos, K. P., Melo, J. C. e., Assunqiio, H. P. d., & Lopes, C.

. R. (3003). Mannasim Framework. Retrieved 05/1/20 12, from 11ttp:llw~w.ma111~a~im.dcc.ul~111g.br/index.litii~

Butterurorth, 13 (Iittl~://nsr.bioeng.uasliington.edu!jsim/). _{J Sim. from} l~ttp:/lnsr.bioeng.wasl~ingto~~.cci~/j sii111.

Cui, X., Hardin, 'I'., Ragade. R, K,. & El~naghraby, A. S. (2001, 25-27 Oct. 2004). A swarm- based fuzzy logic control mobile sensor network for llazsrdous contaminants localization.

Papcr presented at thc TTZEE Iiiternational ConI'crcnce on Mobile Ad-11oc and Se~lsor Systznis, 2004.

Downard, I. T. (2004). Simulating Scnsor Networks in NS-2, NRL Report 5522, ADA123595.

EepBajqj,L.B.D.E.K.F,S,F.l1.H.M.H.A.H.J.W.P,H.S.K.S.hl.R.R.P.S.K.V.Y.

(1999). Iniproving Simulation for Nctwork Research.

I3eidemanii, J., Mills, K., & ICumar, S. (2001). Expanding confidence in network sii~~ulations.

Network. TE1:E. 15(5). 55-63.

Jain. R. K. ( 1 99 1 ) . The Art of Con~puter Systems l>erformance Analysis: 'Tccluiiques Sor Experimental Design. Mcasurenient, Sini~ilation. and Modcling: Wiley Press.

Kelton, W" D., Sndowski, R. P., ^& Sturrock,

D, T,

(2003). Simulation with Arena: McGraw- Hill Science.

K i h ~ ~ u n . K.. Ick-Soo. L.. h4alinsuk. Y.. Junliyung. K.. Honggil, I,.. & Kijun. H. (2009, 27-29 Dec. 2009). A n Efiicieiit Routing Protocol Bascd on Positioii Inforination in blobile \!'ireless

Body Area Sensor Net\\orks. I'apcr presented at the First International Conference on Net\\orks and Communications. 2009. NE'l.COM '09.

Krco, S., Tsiatsis, V.. Matusikova, K.. Joliansso~~, M., Cubic, I., & Glitho, R. (2007, 8-1 1 Oct.

2007). Mobile Nctwork Suppol.tccl Wireless Scilsor Network Services. I'aper prescntccl at the

IEEE

I~lter~latonal Confcl.ence ⁰¹¹ Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, 2007. MASS 2007.

blauri, K., Marko,

H.,

mil<. inen, 'l'imo, D. IJ., m, et a]. (2005). Rapid design ancl evaluation framework Sor wircless sensor networks. Ad EIoc Ketw., 6(6), 909-935.

Meeneghan. P., & Delaney, D. (11ttp:!/~1~~~.~~.1iui1~~.ie/rescarcl~/report~/200-1~1iui1ii-cs-tr- 2004-05.pdC 2004). An Introduction to NS, Nan1 and OTcl scripting.

Oniprakash, G., Leoniilas, G., & l'liilip, I,. (2010). A case for evaluating sensor network protocols concurrently. presented at the Proceedings of the fifth A C M international workshop on \lJireless nct\vork testbeds, experimental evaluatio~l and charactcrizalion,

Rajashree.V.Biradar. .I'atil, V. C., Sawant.

D.

S. R., & Mudholl<ar,

U,

R. R. (2009).

CLASSIFICA'TION AND COMI'ARISON OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN If~IRELESS SEIVSOR NETWORICS. Ilbiquitous Computing dnd Conimunication 4(Special issue on New 'Technologies, Mobility and Security), 704-71 1.

Rao, J. R., S.Chittibabu, & Krishna, K . S. R. (201 1). T11c NS-2 simulator based Implementation and I'erSormance Analysis of Manycast QoS Routing Algorithm.

INTERNATIONAL JOURN.4L OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES, 5(1), 057 - 093.

Shi. L.. Miao. Q., &: Jillglin, D. (2008, 21-22 Dec. 2005). Architzcturc of MJircless Sensor Networks for l~n\'ironmcnlal Monitoring. l'aprr presented at the International Workshop on Education Technology and Training. 2008. and 2008 International Workshop on Gcoscience and Reiuote Sensing. E'I'T ancl GRS 2008.

Sung. P., Andreas, S.. & Mani, B. S. (2000). SensorSim: a simulation framework for sensor networks. Paper p r e s c ~ ~ t e d at tlic Proceedings of the 3rd ACM international \\orkshop on hlodeli!:g, ::::::lysis n11d sirni;la:ion o:'vi.ii.clzss aiid mobiie systems.

kanlasal;i, K.. & Ohtsul~i, T. (3005. 30 May-I June 2005). Design of encrgy-efficient \virclless sensor nct\vorks \\.it11 cc~isori~ig. on-ofi'. and ccnsol-ing and on-off sensors based on mutual

infc)rmation. I'aper presented at the IEEE 61st Veliiculas Technology Confcrcnce. 3005. VTC 2005-Spring. 2005.

Yong-Sik. C., Young-Jun. J . . & Sang-Hyun. P. (7-10 Fcb. 3010). A study on \ensor nodes attestation protocol in a \Virelcss Sensor Network. Paper presented at The 12th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT), 20 10.