Family-oriented educational efforts should begin, which can then guide the family's decision to donate organs. There are only a very limited number of studies that focus on the family as a fundamental institution of organ donation decision-making. Considering the above arguments, therefore, an analysis of the literature on family influence in organ donation is necessary.
We wish to identify from the literature the various factors that determine families' decision to encourage related organ donation. They concluded that the kidney recipient's negative feelings and expressions played an important role in the family's ability to encourage life-related organ donation. This paper aims to look at the influence of the family in determining organ donation.
In a combined consideration of the three aspects, we found from the literature that there are various factors that can influence a family's decision on organ donation. The analysis of the literature puts family education at the center of any initiative to increase the number of organ donations. This paper provides a concise summary of recent literature findings on family decision-making about organ donation.
Approaching families to the topic of organ donation: A phenomenological study of the experience of health care professionals.
BRAIN DEATH AND ORGAN DONATION: A COMPARISON OF THREE INFLUENTIAL GROUPS OF MUSLIM
PROFESSIONALS
ABSTRACT
Another study in Malaysia has shown that RLs are the second most preferred promoter of organ donation (20). HCPs' knowledge and attitude towards organ donation and brain death are of great importance as they are in direct contact with patients and their families who are potential organ donors. In this context, many studies have found an association between training of HCPs in organ donation and organ donation rates (21,22).
A study in Turkey concluded that a lack of knowledge about organ donation has negative consequences for healthcare providers' views on organ donation. Unfortunately, to date, no research has been conducted on ACAs' views and attitudes toward organ donation and brain death. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted on the perception and knowledge of Malaysian RLs on the issue of organ donation and brain death or on the permissibility of obtaining organs from a brain-dead donor.
Regarding Islam, the majority of Muslim scholars or RLs allow organ donation as a form of charity (16,25–28). In Malaysia, organ donation and transplantation has been recognized and permitted by the National Fatwara Council since 1970. Earlier studies found that the lack of information about organ donation and transplantation caused the Malaysian public to be reluctant to donate (6,34).
Although knowledge about organ donation among people with a higher level of education should not be poor, surprisingly, this study shows that the three professional groups investigated in this work - health professionals, RL and ACA - do not have adequate knowledge about the basic issues of organ donation and transplantation, with RLs showing the worst level of understanding. Theological concerns of health professionals may lead to the acceptance or rejection of organ donation (8). Thus, the relatively low level of knowledge among healthcare professionals shown in this study is a serious problem that must be urgently addressed in order to increase awareness of the issue of organ donation.
The second is that RLs may influence the public perception of organ donation more than other professional groups. This lack of knowledge may have undermined organ donation and transplantation activities in Malaysia, as brain-dead donors are the ultimate source of organs. Knowledge and opinions about organ donation among urban high school students: a pilot test of a health education program.
Organ donation: a cross-sectional study of knowledge and personal views of Turkish health professionals. The influence of religion on organ donation and transplantation among the black Caribbean and black African population - a pilot study in the United Kingdom.
AN EVALUATION OF HEALTH CENTERS AND HOSPITAL EFFICIENCY IN KAMPALA CAPITAL CITY AUTHORITY
UGANDA; USING PABON LASSO TECHNIQUE
It is essential for administrators, decision makers and policymakers to evaluate and monitor the performance of health centers.' Available evidence shows that victims have absorbed the current escalated economic burden on public health centers. World Bank reports show that health centers are increasingly allocated a significant share of healthcare expenditure resources in developing countries (13), with the least share going to poor developing countries (1).
Given the above concerns, it is important to consider health center performance metrics to advise stakeholders well on the issue that has essentially been neglected. To date, many methods, methods, illustrations and models have been offered to better assess the performance of health centers and measure their productivity, financing, distribution and utilization of scarce resources as means of controlling their inefficiencies (19, 20). This category of research has been carried out to quickly recognize underperforming health centers and highlight areas of direct remediation and discover appropriate plans to streamline the incompetence (8).
The authority consists of five divisions namely: Kampala Central, Nakawa, Lubaga, Makindye and Kawempe with a total of nine health centers and two hospitals. A real-time analysis of health centers and hospital wards using the Pabon Lasso chart showed that out of a total of nine health centers and two referral hospitals, Naguru and Mulago, out of ten wards, the intensive care and maternity wards were in Zone 3. depicted a high level of efficiency. Although the health centers do not look alike, one health center is a mirror of the other.
Care must be taken when measuring performance, especially using a single measure, to avoid misleading conclusions about the performance of health centers and hospitals. It is also necessary Figure 1: Classification of health centers and hospitals using the Pabon Lasso technique. Third, full utilization of resources will require improved welfare of health workers, especially in terms of housing for staff near health centers (infrastructure).
Emphasis should be placed on identifying factors contributing to the current state of affairs, for example, inefficiencies in five wards in Kampala health centers and hospitals in ten. In this article, 10 wards in Kampala from nine health centers and two referral hospitals under MOH were analyzed and we assessed their performance using the Pabon Lasso model. The authors would like to thank the Kampala Capital City Authority and the Ministry of Health in Uganda for providing access to the health centers.
PROTEOMICS OF CHONDROGENESIS: A REVIEW
To illustrate this point, Table 1 summarizes these differences between cMSCs and ACs in terms of cell morphology and molecular and biomechanical properties. Some of the up-regulated proteins were procollagen-lysine (PLOD2), enolase (ENO1), heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and zyxin (ZYX), while the down-regulated proteins were calreticulin (CRT ), vimentin (VIM) and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) (Table 3 and Table 4). Most of the identified up-regulated proteins were related to cellular metabolism and the glycolytic pathway.
Isobaric label for relative and absolute quantity; LC, liquid chromatography; MALDI, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization;MS, mass spectrometry; MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometer; MSC, mesenchymal stem cells; NA, not available; ND, not determined; rBM, rat bone marrow; SILAC, stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture; TGF, transforming growth factor; TOF, time of flight; UC, umbilical cord. Proteomic approaches can generate large datasets of proteins involved in chondrogenesis mechanisms and pathways. A preliminary study comparing the use of predifferentiated and undifferentiated allogeneic chondrogenic mesenchymal stem cells for the repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects in rabbits.
Treatment outcomes of alginate-embedded allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells versus autologous chondrocytes for focal articular cartilage repair. Table 4: Expression of down-regulated proteins identified during chondrogenesis. Differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes: analysis of chondrogenic potential and expression pattern of differentiation-related transcription factors. Proteomic validation of multifunctional molecules in mesenchymal stem cells derived from human bone marrow, umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood.
Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow: differentiation-dependent gene expression of matrix components. Fibroblast growth factor receptors in in vitro and in vivo chondrogenesis: related tissue engineering using mature mesenchymal stem cells with embryonic development. Chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in self-gelling alginate discs reveals novel chondrogenic signature gene clusters.
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells and hydroxyapatite ceramics to treat severe osteochondral damage after septic arthritis of the knee. Proteome analysis during chondrocyte differentiation in a novel model of chondrogenesis using human umbilical cord stromal mesenchymal stem cells. Quantitative proteomic analysis of chondrogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells by iTRAQ labeling coupled to on-line two-dimensional LC/MS/MS.
Metabolic labeling of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for the quantitative analysis of their chondrogenic differentiation. Differentiated adipose tissue-derived stem cells Loaded polyglycolic acid mesh for weight-bearing area defect repair.
LIST OF REVIEWERS FOR VOLUME 18, ISSUE 1, 2015
