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A
SIANS
TUDIES: Journal of Critical Perspectives on AsiaASIAN STUDIES is an open-access, peer-reviewed academic journal published since 1963 by the Asian Center, University of the Philippines Diliman.
EDITORIAL BOARD
*• Eduardo C. Tadem (Editor in Chief), Asian Studies
• Michiyo Yoneno-Reyes (Review editor), Asian Studies
• Eduardo T. Gonzalez, Asian and Philippine Studies
• Ricardo T. Jose, History
• Joseph Anthony Lim, Economics*
• Maria Dulce Natividad, Philippine Studies
• Antoinette R. Raquiza, Asian Studies
• Teresa Encarnacion Tadem, Political Science
• Lily Rose Tope, English and Comparative Literature
* Ateneo de Manila University. All the other members of the editorial board are from UP Diliman.
Issue Editors: Michiyo Yoneno-Reyes and Yuko O. Hirano Managing Editor: Janus Isaac Nolasco
Editorial Assistants: Katrina Navallo, Patricia Villa, Susan Kurdli, and Misha Borbon Layout Artist: Ariel Manuel
EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD
• Patricio N. Abinales, University of Hawaii at Manoa
• Andrew Charles Bernard Aeria, University of Malaysia Sarawak
• Melani Budianta, University of Indonesia
• Urvashi Butalia, Zubaan Books (An imprint of Kali for Women)
• Vedi Renandi Hadiz, Murdoch University
• Caroline S. Hau, Kyoto University
• Huang Renwei, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences
• Reynaldo C. Ileto, Nanyang Technological University
• Benedict Tria Kerkvliet, Australian National University & University of Hawaii
• Lau Kin Chi, Lingnan University
• Lee Jung Ok, Daegu Catholic University
• Francis Loh Kok Wah, Universiti Sains Malaysia
• Armando S. Malay, Jr., University of the Philippines Diliman
• Kinhide Mushakoji, Osaka University
• Raul Pertierra, Philippine Women’s University
• Somchai Phatharathananunth, Mahasarakham University
• Michael Pinches, University of Western Australia
• Bambang Purwanto, Gadjah Mada University
• Vicente Rafael, University of Washington
• Helen Yu-Rivera, University of the Philippines Diliman
• Harsh Sethi, Seminar Journal (New Delhi)
• Wen Tiejun, Renmin University of China
• Surichai Wun’Gaeo, Chulalongkorn University
ASIAN STUDIES: JOURNAL OF CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ASIA Copyright 2016 | ISSN: 0004-4679 (print) | ISSN: 2244-5927 (online)
Room 205, Hall of Wisdom, GT-Toyota Asian Cultural Center Magsaysay Street corner Katipunan Avenue University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City EMAIL: [email protected] | WEBSITE: asj.upd.edu.ph
PHONE: 63.2.981.8500 loc. 3586
The cover is based on the design of Marco Malto. The silhouettes on the front cover is that of Mount Fuji in Japan and the ruins of the Cagsawa Tower in the Philippines. The content of Asian
Studies may not be republished without the written permission of the authors and the UP Asian Center.